Le monde ouvrier = The labor world, 1 mai 1927, samedi 28 mai 1927

13e Année — No 22 SAMEDI, 28 MAI 1927 — MONTREAL — SATURDAY, MAY 28, 1927 EO Try Black Horse ale; 100 Years of Brewing experience behind it I '7 Drink DOW’S ALE Standard of Strength and Quality Rédaction et administration; 9 et 11, rue Saint-Paul Ouest.“INSTRUIRE ET AM Kl/LOUER’ Téléphone: MAin 1698 —Le numéro; CINQ CENTS PARTOUT Chinoiseries de là-bas et d’ici (>t qui .Mieux qu ’aux i fâclleZ est ear elio- Nous pouvons nous prévaloir île cette sngesso tout en se demandant (le qui nous tenons vus heureuses dispositions de caractère ! Oui nous aimons à vivre et à laisser vivre.Nous ne sommes pas • les tracassiers et quand nos gouvernants se trouvent bien en place nous les y laissons.La religion des Chinois est lii/.arre; ils n’ont pas de goût pour les spéculations mystiques, pour lus subtilités thé-^logiques et pour les dogmes.Ils mettent l’art de penser au service do l’art de bien vivre et no s'occupent guère que des choses d’ici lias Us laissent aux désoeuvrés le soin du savoir eo qui se passe dans le ciel et ne croient qu’aux i-alités de ce monde ,les pauvres gens! ils ont il il penchant pour les superstiti lions qui troublent, et embellissent la lie.Ils croient à -les puissances occultes avec lesquelles il tant composer p musc faire obéir des vents et des éléments de l’air, Quoiqu ’ils aiment leurs sous, ils graissent la patte aux sorciers, aux devins aux astrologues pour eonnailro le sort, qui les attend.Ms sont curieux de savoir quel jour est favorable pour un mariage, pour commencer une bût is- M’.pour pr rcer une porte , pour un ma- lintfo, pour semer le riz.Ils font lles sut* ri l'iccs pécuiiicr.s et «!t*s mortifie:!- lions pour ne pas se brouiller nvei ’ ll\S puissiiuccs invisibles qui vivent « Inns 1 Yspurt1, t*2 ir idles ont.,l’humour t ros su Set p! il ill*.La grande affaire « ¦ Yst Pourquoi Ton cherche à fermer les cinémas le dimanche r.e 20 janvier dernier, line résolution fui passée an Conseil des Métiers et du Travail lavorisant la fermeture des théâtres le dimanche, afin de donner une journée de repos aux employés.On se sert de celle résolution, ainsi que dès paroles du président Foster, pour tenter de trer que les ouvriers ne sont pas unanimes.au Conseil des .Metiers et du Travail même, sur cette question de l’ouverture des théâtres Je dimanche.Plusieurs délégués du Conseil ont été appelés a I enquête et se sont tous prononcés contre la fermeture des théâtres le dimanche.S'il y a divergence d'opinion parmi les ouvriers, il y en a aussi dans les rangs du clergé.Ainsi, récemment, le H.P.Louis Lalande déclara, à l’empiète, qu’il ne voit pas de faute grave à la fréquentation dominicale des théâtres, tant, qu’une haute autorité ne l’aura pas décrété.Lu cela, dit-il, il diItère d avis avec Monseigneur Laineux de Québec, qui y voit faute grave.Les opinions changent aussi.Dans La l’rtssc du 25 janvier, nous lisons une mise au point se rapportant à une entrevue entre l'hon.M.Taschereau et les représentants des Syndicats catholiques, le lit) décembre dernier (avant le désastre) ; “Voici le rapport précis de la conversation que les officiers de la C.T.C.C.ont eue avec l'hon.M.Taschereau.M.Taschereau déclara alors qu’il avait à demander une opinion aux délégués: “de suis pressé d’un enté par une multitude do citoyens qui me demandent la fermeture des théâtres le dimanche; d’un autre côté, beaucoup m'écrivent qui s'v opposent.Que pensez vous de In question?” M.T.' Poulin a répondu qujj cette question n'avait pas été discutée et que les délégués i-ou-fédéraux n'étaient pas autorisés à faire de déclarations au nom des syndicats catholique» à ce sujet.M.le premier ministre demanda alors l’opinion personnelle des délégués.M.O.1* ilion, b-r vice-president, déclara: “.b* ne suis pas autorisé â parler (ilTiriclIciiieiit, niais mon opinion personnelle est que lu majorité dis ouvrieru n’est jiaa favorable il la fermeture des théâtres le dimanche; dans une ville comme Montreal, il y a bien des gens en cbnmbrc et ils trouvent bon d’aller se distraire au théâtre le dimanche.Si l’on ferme les théâtres et les diverses attractions du dimanche, il y a danger que cet élément de la population s’occupe à trouver des amusements mauvais, pins nuisibles que le théâtre.Le remède dans ce cas serait pire (pie b- mal.” M.Taschereau a répondu qu’il pensait de même.Tous les membres du lluri'fill confédéral déclarèrent alors que si les théâtres étaient ouverts h- dimanche, il fallait que les spectacles fussent irréprochables au point de vue de la morale, li fallait activer la surveillance et faire respecter la loi d’admission des enfants.” Il ressort de eoei : que les syndicats catholiques ne se sont pas of fi -ciel lenient (le 25 janvier) prononcés sur la question; (pie les délégués (in! donne une opinion personnelle et conséquemment sincère; qu'ils [Mipgéniient Itt tolérance pour éviter un plus grand mal.Lit plupart de ceux qui se sont déclarés opposés au théâtre le dimanche, après s’être parfois déclarés en faveur, ne sont pas tant opposés à leur ouvert lire le dimanche que désireux de les faire fermer pour tout tic hati, tiv titc la scmaiai, car, |»>ur eux, il ne peut y avoir rien de hou dans le théâtre.Ils saisissent cette occasion tant cherchée pour atteindre leur but.Quant au travail du dimanche, le Travail organisé y est énergiquement opposé, excepté; dans les occupations nécessaires et essentielles à la vie matérielle ou spirituelle de la population.Le cinéma étant entré dans nos moeurs et étant reconnu, à tort ou à raison direz-vous, comme nécessaire à la vie de lit population de nos villes, de par les usages et les moeurs de notre époque, nous croyons qu’une minorité d’ouvriers doit faire un sacrifice pour satisfaire aux besoins de la multitude, de la grande majorité, et en retour, prendre un jour de congé durant la semaine.Les coutumes du pays et les nécessités de notre ère de progrès ont rendu Je cinéma aussi nécessaire (pie les autos, les tramways, l'éclairage électrique des rues et des demeures dans les villes, le téléphone, h* télégraphe et toux les services de communication.La suppression de l'un, pour oeuvre serviJe le dimanche, devrait logiquement entraîner la suppression des autres.(Je n’est pas une raison, parce que d’autres ont .cru hou de verser dans IV.scès, de les imiter et de rendre nos villes aussi | fréquentation le pou de succès dans ses études; il en est de mornes que nos campagnes quj sont délaissées par la jeune génération les jeunes gens qui comparaissent devant nos tribunaux, qui y meurt d’ennui, après les Ira vaux journaliers accomplis, et surtout * * * h» pimanehe.En passant, c'est bien à la campagne qu'un bon cinéma - On dit que les gens pourront se distraire en pratiquant les jeux en .aurait/ s» place.i plein air, en faisant des promenades à la montagne, dans nos pares, en-J,!,.Q„è ]es ‘lettrés s'occupent do’ lit té >Si l’on' supprime les “vues” le dimanche, pour cause de travail, on ,)m|aid au tenis.au gui! t» ils sont riches,, etc.Oui.mais quand il ; r.-uure.Mais ils ont la fureur de se mê-doil lo‘ri(|ucinCi't prohiber les sorties en auto, en tramway, car directe- pkuvra R'c 'pu arrive assez souvent t ou bien qu on imitera loronto la b-r -b- ce qui ne les regarde pas.Ils ment et indirectement, le travail des ouvriers y est nécessaire Dans le P,m‘ arriverait probablement ici un jour, car -m passera la tête du | infatués de leur propre sagesse, de travailler comme tous to à titres jours de la semaine et parfois plus.T1"11’Ie corps suivra - «pu; leur restera-t-i ?Ils n auront d autres res-! front contre front, Quant à celui qui conduit son pi'opn?auto, il fait travailler ceux «pii lui de Roqneuter les bouges, les l.lm.l pigs, etc., tous lieux «pu vendent de la gazoline et de l’huile et qui jt'Hent parfois un coup d’oeil.sur la machinerie quand on Je leur demands, La Chine est un pays mystérieux, on en parle beaucoup sans la connaître.Les premiers explorateurs du Canada crurent trouver dans notre territoire un prolongement de la patrie des Célestes, a preuve que la partie extrême de l'ile de Montreal s’appelle Lachine.Si nous comparions notre psychologie à celle -les jaunes, nous y verrions quelque analogie avec la nôtre.Indépeudem-ment des religions tous les peuples de la terre, noir, blanc ou jaune, ont des notions assez vagues du juste ou de l’injuste; ils s’en font parfois une idée assez étrange.Tous croient distinguer le bien du mal, ce qui est plus difficile?Ma dépit du code et des avocats, il y a des choses légales qui sont bien injustes et d’autres défendues qui «ont dans la logique de notre être.Il est -b-s vertus inhumaines et des vices aimables.M11 matière de devoir, de morale et de délit, chaque pays a ses opinions c'est ce qu’on pourrait appeler l’échelle de ses valeurs.Laissons aux esprits dépouillés de tous préjugés de so prononcer sur les quelques traits caractéristiques qui vont suivre, si oui ou non nous avons ces affinités avec les Chinois?Beaucoup ne voudront pas l'avouer pas plus que leur descendance si discutée du singe; mais les faits sont les faits, on peut les apprécier de différentes manières, mais -m ne peut les récuser.Vous arrivez en Chine dans une graille nu une petite ville, vous traversez -me rue quelconque et vous entendez crier au voleur, vous vous étonnez que personne ne.bouge et s’avise de prêter main-forte :'i la victime Tout le monde au contraire s’empresse de déguerpir et de s’éclipser sans tourner la tête.Informez vous et l’on vous apprendra qu’un vrai Chinois se soucie peu de se brouiller avec, un malfaiteur et encore moins d’avoir affaire avec les tribunaux; parce que souvent en voulant se défendre on s’accuse, que les témoins sont injuriés et maltraités plus que les criminels, que venus là pour défendre l’innocence outragée ils y perdent leur réputation: “Durant toute la vie” -lit Confucius, “garde-toi ne- cours de justice avec autant de soin qn’après ta mort tu te garderas de l’enfer.Si jamais tu mets les pieds dans un prêtoir, neuf buffles ne réussiront pas à t’en tirer.Un homme a un procès, dix fa- milles tombent dans la mi-ère gagne un chut perd un.vache., vaut avoir affaire aux serpents juges et aux huissiers.Ne voit! pas, laissez le monde comme il vous ne pouvez pas le refaire.” Nous ne poussons pas si loin les ses.Quand un voleur court -ur h-s toits nous crions police, mais s’il éi happe aux sergents nous n’en sommes pas fâchés.Si par hasard i! est atlrappé nous lui faisons un semblant de procès qui lui rend son innocence baptismale et nous -le constituons pensionnaire du gouvernement, où il :11,1a droit à tous les égards que lui don m ut son rang et sa fortune.C -11 chinois se réjoui: s’il apprend qu’un de ses- amis vient d'être nommé à quelque place importante, car am de sa fondation.-:o :- CONFECTION POUR HOMMES M.S.llilman, de New-York, president général de la “An.an .Clothing Workers Union’’, i-: à M> .: réal depuis quelques jours, i: < ouf.fence avec le.- manuiaeturiers.p r tenter de régler à l'amiald.- a- ici-qui se sont élevés, u- : map.- n.r:.i rs, au sujet du travail à la pièce.L’union -locale No 115 -les canadiens-français, à sa dert.ière ¦ ¦¦ semblée, a fait un mpp :: ; .us .ressaut à ce sujet.T.as .- i.ail r.ont le plus grand intérêt à suivre -assemblées de l’union, .a • mditions, un rap-ireau exécutif in-preudre les titoy- i'-'1 FERBLANTIERS COUVREURS u bien";! l'union internationale Le DANS LA CHAUSSURE No 2! W.1 POSEURS DE TUILE La grève est t ,-u a - : - quo”, chez les p -ours .Montréal, qui se réunisse:.- in.eu leurs quartiers gém :a:ix a : N .rue Jeanne .Mance.L’un ies ' du ministre fédéral du Ira.M.I.Bertrand, dans le bu: .• -v : moyens de concilier k- de ;x ] r'a.-, p ; fait visite d’abord a ix g: ¦' ¦ - , l'ont parfaitement m - : .situation.Ceux-ci dé arèreut à U u.cier du gouvernement qu'il- -:a.' p.prêts il entrer en nég-n-iathm- :tv, 1- ; - patrons, si ees demi.- - .sentir ù rencontrer les -ft -n-rs comité de l’union; Ks grévistes : ¦ ’ observer aussi qu'il- état, at -: - il se remettre au travail, mi -v - : 11 .le temps des négociations.Hu - ., les grévistes se montre:.t :r liants.' m - Après cette entrevue av, k-s h> " - mes, M.Bertrand alla ren- utrer le-membres de l'Association des ; • nr .de tuile, qui étaient on a-u'.au “Builders’ Exchange”.M.'- p trôna ne voulurent rien • u 1 re de- avancés des grévistes, il- -l-’-iarèr- :.-qu’ils refusaient de renreHltleilt, G.Agobtini; 2u vlce-présIdeal, blfe tuua led vend red ld, il 8 heurea du bulr, Delcellier; secrétaire, J.1.l'uquet; uu Nu 1001, rue Letourueux (Temple dud treaorier, Aug.1 ruyuat; «urgent d'uriuei, Buffalo.Président: J.A.Cbumberland; ^[ir«“Iu d,u secrCtulro-tréBurier: 1050, rue 8*uint-Denla, chumbro 10.T6L: Lancaster 2584.Heures du bureau: 10 b.secrétaire-financier: A.Itobert, lbüO, rue ! du watiu û.1^ b.30 de l’aprôs-mldL l.etournoux; secrétaire-trésorier : J.W.-——¦ .¦.— ¦ Corbell, 438, rue Lucordulre: conducteur: I Thos.Dôry; gardien: Joa.Plante.vice-président: U.Vlgeant; secrétulro-ar-chlvlste: O.Proulx, 2448, boulevard Pie IX; , seerétulre-flnanelur: A.ltoberL 18U0.ruo 1 uu lu - :u : UN BANQUET PITTORESQUE A WINNIPEG Nous apprenons «pic l’Association îles omis, de Kiel, «Je Winnipeg, n décidé do faire rencontrer aux excursionnistes de lu “Liaison Française” un groupe de partisans et.«te contemporains «lu fameux chef métis.Cette rencontre aura lieu au retour de la Côte du Pacifique où la Liaison Franchise doit se rendre par train spécial du Chemin de fer national «lu Canada.l.Tn banquet sera offert aux voyageurs et aux chefs des métis ù l’hôtel Fort Carry où commanda Kiel pendant plusieurs mois.Le banquet qui sera donné le 33 juillet au Fort Carry est organisé par MM.Guillaume Charctte, ancien agent du gouvernement Canadien aux Etnts-l'nis et métis vétéran de la Grande Guerre, Roger et Maurice Goulet, Do nation Frémont.Il réunira les métis du Manitoba et des autres Provinces.I,’Association des Amis do Kiel s'occupe en ce moment «l’écrire lu véridi que histoire «le Kiel.VIENT DE PARAITRE Poèmc.v choisis, ^ ar Eugène Figuière, Un volume do 200 pages dans la collection des Petites Anthologies du XXe siècle, 8 fr.50.Chez Eugène Figuière, éditeur, 17 ruo Campagne-Première, à Paris, ot 72, me Van Artcvcl, à Bruxelles.lia généreuse activité de-l’éditeur, la valeur du poète, lc dévouement du biciifaiitcnr, ajoutent ù lu personnalité déjà si marquée de M.Eugène Figuière, une valeur dont il peut, être fier, et qui mot son nom ù l’ordre du jour.Fondateur, animateur de taint d’oeuvres charmantes : “Lo Jardin do Jenny, “Les Amis des Gardiens de Pliures, “Les Vacances «lu Poète,” il reste malgré, et au milieu des houlvcrscment.H de sa vie laborieuse, le poète ému de la tendresse et de la rêverie.Sou mérite est grand, il l’ignore; scs amis dévoués FRATERNITE UNIE DES CIIAUUEN-T1EKS-MEN UiSlEltS D’AME RI RUE, LOCAL 134.— Ernest Boucher, Président, 11123, ruo Dufrosno; Art.Mayor, Vice-Président, 45, ruo Ricard; NapulC-ou Réinll-lard, Kocrétuire-Archlvlato, 2131, ruu Hulut-Gormalu; J.A.Roy, Secrétaire-Financier, 1854, ruo Wolfo; Ernest Tisdollo, Secrétaire* Trésorier, 331U, ruo Gilford.Lo lueul s'assemble tuua les lundis soirs, nu No 417, ruu Outurlo Eat, Builo No 1.LOGE SAINTE-MARIE No 231 DE LA FRATERNITE DES WAGONNIKKS DES VOIES FERREES D'AMERIttUE.—Assemblées les 1er et 3o vendredis do cliu-que mois, au No 417, ruo Ontario EsL l'ré-hblunt, 1,.-A.Beaudry, 1828 lJeslry; vlce-président, li.Massé, 3870, Mcntana; scc.-archlvisto et correspondant, C.Miron, 1U27, l-'ulluni ; secrétairo-flnuncicr, it.B.Lumitr-lie, 4553, Delorimior; trésorier, A Bertrand, 2340, Aylvvin; guide, E.Deniger, 2000, lio-clielugu; miiitro du cérémonies.Jus.Du-fault, 1838, l’onpnrt; gurdten, A.Beaudoin, sentinelle, A.Asselln, 2057, Wolfe.Comité local du Protection: Louis Morin, président, 4083, Chabot, Amherst 7308; A Joubert, 1278n, Clintiot, Amherst 4112; D.-A.Benu-Jry, secrétntre, 1828, Desiry, Clairvul 4815m; Geo.Gauthier, 10087, Delorimier, Calumet 5180, sonnez 3; A Nenglo, 4442, Fullum, Amherst 5733; W.Leclalr.2404, Des Erables, Amherst U025.UNION INTER.DES TRAVAILLEURS EN FOURRURE, No 00 — Assemblé* tous les 1er et 3e mercredis, A 8 heuros «lu soir, 5 in salle do l'Union du Commerce, 110 ruo Borrl.l’réB., Arthur Psquotto, 103 Chambord; Sec.-arclu, A Beaupré, OëOu, B» Guspé ; Très., G.IL.Bourgouu, 136 Am-burst; Agent d'affaires, A lloy, 182 8alnts-Cutherlnu EsL BltlCKI.A VERS, MASONS AND T1LB LAVERS’ INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION, LOCAL 4 of MONTREAL —Meeting overy 2nd und 4lh Tuesday, st 70 Jvunno Muuco SL Ufflco addroia, 70 Jeanne Muuco St., Room No.5.Tel.l’is-lenu 8778.President, Josoph Verdou, 2tiO Harvard Ave., WestmouuL Tel.WaJnu» lUUÔw.Financial Secretary and Buslneta Agent, Henry Bull, 2314 DroluL Tel.Cal 03U8VV.et des lecteurs innombrables -le rotrou-veront avec une joie renouvelée dans ces “l’oèmos Choisis” qu’il a l’heureuse idée de leur offrir aujourd’hui.Quel lettré négligent cette occasion précieuse de connaître ou do rencontrer ù nouveau, un vrai poète et do communier avec soit âme réconfortante.—F.de donnais.-.-:o :- OTTAWA SOUS UN JOUR NOUVEAU La ville «l’Ottawa est un do ecs endroits fortunés dont les charmes sont multiples et variés.On s’est, trop accoutumé ù voir cotte jolie ville sous l’aspect austère que lui donne son atmosphère toute chargée «le brouhaha des affaires cl «les intrigues politiques.On n’y voit bien souvent quo les imposants édifices «lu Parlement et leurs abords où s’agite une foule fiévreuse.A cette époquo-ci de l’nnnéo toutefois, la ville «l’Ottawa se montre sous uu jour nouveau.Le calme est, revenu et l’on peut jouir à l’aise de scs charmes naturels.Avec, le réveil «le la nature, au milieu de la verdure qui tapisse ses superbes pares et orne de feuilles et de fleurs les magnifiques bosquets, elle nous apparaît gracieusement assise sur un énorme rocher dominant la vallée, à ses pieds, la rivière Ottawa, au cours sinueux qui va so perdre dans le lointain.G ’est bien maintenant io t emps d’iillcry faire une promenade, d’aller admirer la magnificence «le ses décors ainsi que ses richesses historiques.Lc service du Ganadicu National pour Ottawa est de tout, premier ordre par son luxe et sa commodité.Four détails complets s’adresser à tout agent du Canadien National ou au Bureau des billets en ville, 230 rue Baint-Jucques, Montréal, Main 4731.BUREAU DE PLACEMENT PROVINCIAL tiout la contrôlo du GouveroemonC d« 1a Province du (Juéboc FRANCIS l'AYKTTE, Burlutendanl £ntr6o dos hommes: 8 rue Bt-Jocruei.Eutréo dos fommoa: CI Notro-Dam» B.Heure* do bureau I B n.m.h B pan.Tél.t Dépt.de* homme*! Main 4441 TéLi Dépt.do» femme*i Muta 4143 Nous pluçons gratuitomont, los hommes, femmes et jounoa goua.Noua offrons du travail aux Journallora ot Ouvriers appartenant à tous los corps d* métiers: Dana los fabriques, los uslaoi, usinos, los travaux do la construction ou do l’agrlculturo.Nous offrons dos placei dans Ica llûtcls, ltoataurants, bonno» pi»-cos pour domoBtiquos, hommes ot femme*.Ingéniours, Ghatiffours, Débnrdoum •* Terrassiers, Commis ot Sténographo*.L«* propriétaires ot los agents dos ohantlor* sont tout spécialomont invités à présenter lotir domando* au Buroau Provincial.Ù y COLDS Go after that cold with Minnrd’s Liniment.Put Minard’s on chest and throat.Take q half teaspoonful mixed with syrup.Also heat and inhale Minard’s.No cold can stand that treatment., * M i n a r d*a Is excellent for grippe, influenza, bronchitis, asthma and all similar ail* o ments.¦*r- ^ Tha Great White Liniment ^ KING OF PAIN Le seul journal ouvrier bilingue de la province de Québec.La meilleure arme entre les mains des travailleurs.H Mûr (Ditunef The only bilingual labor paper in the Province of Quebec.The most efficient medium laborers have ever had.13th Year — No.22 SAMEDI, 28 MAI 1927 — MONTREAL — SATURDAY, MAY 28, 1927 PRICE: 5 CENTS Stay at School This seems to have been the burden of (lie advice of speakers in the schools during boys’ week.A dictum like it, hopeless to most people was enunciated a couple of years ap’d in Franco by the Catholic party under (jouerai ( 'astelnau which laid down solemnly t he exploiters’ idea that a man has a riglil to dispose of his children as he wishes.Let us suppose for a moment that either or both of these counsels be sound, they are evidently addressed only to that class of people who have the means of making full arrangements for the happiness of their children.The man who depends only upon his work can hardly keep bis children in school to the end id'tlie primary course, while the man who gets his children beyond this stage generally has I lie papers to lay tribute upon his neighbors.Schooling is put luck for most of us in the richest country in the world.Have we any doubt about it that our fathers intended to have given each of us a university course of education of some kind?Do we of this generation not also wish to send our chindren through the college of equal culture and opportunity ?None but an occasional brutal exploiter of children thinks otherwise.It is the generous impulse id' our human nature to educate fully, if tintramnicled by the limitations which the tributes impose.So that we hardly need any advice at all to leave our children at .school until we realize our dearest wish of a university course suited to each child.What we need is advice as to how it can be done out of the production of Canada.After all our present-day tributes of divi-ilcnits and rents have been sal isfied, t lie remaining wage account cannot meet the educational birthright of equal opportunity, so that the most of us pass through life with a sense of inferiority and injustice.At all times in our lives we feel that there are courses of instruction we would take if we had the hours and other means at our disposal, but we are eternally thrown back upon the gruesome fact of a false economics which compels us to work loo many hours for mere food, clothing and housing, and not enough of it when all is over.Our chance for education and culture is far from the heart's desire.this would be tolerable if the sacrifice were necessary, but in a country of the wealth of Canada it is an absurdity.Besides, education never costs anything.In the long run it more than pays its way.We are now a more than slightly better educated people than we were sixty years ago.It has cost, a few extra millions of dollars to accomplish this, Put the keener appreciation of science and invention has brought forth a production far in excess of that expenditure.So it will always happen as we utilize the fraternal spirit which underlies all educative and cultural processes.Brotherhood pays.that mankind inherently believes in the philosophy of brotherhood is evidenced by the great development of the universal suffrage in western civilization.N otes save.And according as the intelligence behind votes becomes more advanced, the saving power of the vote becomes more rapid.We see it economically and culturally, lienee, the very essence of the success of democracy is universal education, and equal opportunity therein.Kvery dollar spent on publie education is a dollar invested where the national returns have never yet failed.It is only shortsightedness or greedy cowardice which secs loss in piling up school buildings, and the extension of playgrounds.The tools for self development must be kept handy everywhere with leaders or teachers to demonstrate their use.As we become fired with the holy desire to master our individual, physical and mental athletics, we prepare the ground for the highest moral and spiritual flights.We become independent, with nothing between us and the I'niverse.We realize that wonderful sense of oneness with all there is, and our responsibility.The importance of staying in school in the presence of these sublime considérât ions, sounds rather like the advice of some tardy folk who have just woke up.We have really passed that stage.The question now posing is how to stay in school when wages tail .The answer is really simple to intelligent and fearless people.II Canadians love their children they will translate that love into votes.We can vote our production into school maintenance to the degree ol our intelligence.We can vote free food and dining halls into every high school and university in the land.There is no excuse for not giving equal educational opportunity in Canada.Nothing stands between our production and education but votes.Now let the brave people, who woke up to tell the boys and girls to stay at school, will now come forward with fine speeches lor voting production into education.1.S.HENRI.The Result of the Last Election The Cinema and its Business Rivals Due to the workers in Montreal rallying to the support of the Government enlightened toiler decides according to facts and is unmoved by appeals to prejudices.The Now that the tumult has subsided — (lie shouting has died down, and victors and vanquished arc aeeepting the situa lion, tlie first with quiet jubilation, and the second with an enforced resignation; it might he instructive to dispassionately discuss v.hat led to the Government’s overwhelming victory.The success that the Opposition achieved in lOg.'!, particularly in the city of Montreal, engendered the belief, that in the recent election, it would make con siderable gains in other parts of the province ns well as maintain its standing to the metropolis.Its leading members harried the Government in every possible way, and sought to utilize such informa tion as ii secured, to discredit tlie admin istrntion and inspire the electors with a serious distrust of the party led by the Honorable .Mr.Taschereau.The Leader of the Opposition castigated his opponents without mercy.Bitter words were uttered in the Assembly Chamber that aroused the indignation of ¦the Government and its followers.The Prime Minister and his colleagues appealed to the prominent members of the Opposition, to discuss measures and pul icies in a gentlemanly and parliamentary way.The latter, however, had evidently decided on a campaign of their own, and were under the impression, that bv con tinning to assail the Ministers and apply ing various epithets to them, that eventually it would have the desired effect, and the Government would have its following very seriously reduced or lie overthrown.The Prime Minister, with that politeness which is innate and characteristic of him, strongly appealed to the Opposition, to criticize and discuss matters without resorting to abuse and personalities.11 is appeal had no effect, since the Oppo sit ion chiefs were determined to do all they could, to paint the Government and its leaders, in the blackest possible colors.With all due respect to Mr.Sauvé and his associates, his opponents were better judges of the mind and feeling of the electors, than they were.Tn Montreal, the Honorable Mr.David, and the Honor-aide Mr.Dillon who were in charge, as stated by the local organizations, waged British Anti-Union Drive Unites all Labor Groups weapon against the government s anti-by a special convention of tbo British bill would detach organized government labor movement, prohibit all workers itical activity and annul the right to strike.No measure has aroused such country-wide opposition and workers holding various theories, who have been widely split its a result of the miners’ strike, are now united.This unification has caused the bill to be referred to as “the workers content act.dtc.'iilv attack The general strike as a trade union bill was rejected Trades I’nion Congress.The b employees from the organized from picketing, cheek their po lly BERNARD ROSE their campaign solely on the score of the Government’s record.Tic \ steadfastly abstained from vituperation and personal ities.Mr.David, in every one of the several addresses which he d livered, began by deploring the methods adopted by his opponents.After these preliminary regrets were expressed, he took the meet ing into his confidence, and enquired whether, in view of what the Government had accomplished, it was not justified in asking the voters to giv it a renewed mandate and return the candidates, who were pledged to support Mr.Taschereau.I n language that was eloquent and convincing, he demonstrated (ami apparently judging by the is alls), to tin-entire satisfaction of the majority of the electors, that it was not just to his lead er, that he should lie refu I -apport on the grounds alleged by the Opposition.It was quite easy to notice, that the Government and its supp -i '-r-, had every confidence in good sense and love of justice that is characteristic of the average elector.Mr.David and his associates, realized and made allowance for the fact, that the electorate of today is far more intelligent and h-s- pro mli.I than it was twenty years ago, Tiny counted and wisely so, upon the effects that education had upon the public mind.They know, that though the Opopsition strongly appealed to prejudice and emotion, that it was less potent than their own request, addressed to the intelligence of (lie people and that they be judged solely upon their record.The result, which was probably more than the expectations of the Prime Minis ter and his colleagues, is a tribute to the sincerity of the Honorable Mr.David and the Honorable Mr.Dillon and the esteem in which they are held by their fellow citizens in Montreal.It furthermore, proves, that the time for making appeals to narrow and base prejudice, has gone.As a promoter of enlightenment and educational advance, Mr.David’s motto is; “Trust the people.’’ lie believes, that if you have honestly done your best and the people are convinced of your sin eerily, one need have no fear of the re suit.The diagnosis made by Mr.David, was eminently correct.It is exceeding Sees Trade-Union Menaced I y gratifying to all who believe in toleration and awakening a true spirit of Can-adiauism, that the people in the province of (Quebec, cannot tie influenced by pro pagandisls, who stoop to methods that are hateful to the serious minded, justice loving citizen.Even in the strong hold of conservatism tin- city ol’ Westmount, the Prime Min ister when he spoke on the Friday even ing preceding the election, was not only given a courteous hearing, but the full measure of applause that his straightforwardness and sincerity merited.Those who had previously not met him, were agreeably surprised to find that he was very modest and even prepared to admit, that with tlie best intentions in the world, -ome mistakes might have been made.Nevertheless, as he pointed out, the pol-iev of (he Government had inured to the advantage of the people of the province, and the accomplishments of his ndminis I fixation in bringing capital and keeping the people at home, entitled it to the sympathy and support of even the people li¦ ing in the city of Westmount.\\ hat is undoubtedly all the more pleasing to Mr.David, is, that his addresses and the spirit of Cauadianism which they I breathed, had evidently influenced those i who unable to attend the meetings, read of them in tlie local press.The newspaper as a medium of information pro-Jviding it gives a fair report of the ud-l dresses delivered by public men, is odti ¦c.alive and enables the intelligent elector j to form his judgment and decide who and j what party are entitled to his confidence.The result is the most instructive demonstration of the value of democratic government.The collective judgment of Unpeople, is an indication of how little they are influenced by demagogism.Quebec, has already earned a splendid reputation for being a freedom loving and sanely administered Province.The 1927 election will go down in history, as the most effective repudiation of the attempt to influence the electorate, by means of an appeal to prejudices and passion, rather than the intelligence, facts, and the sue cess of the policies adopted by the Gov eminent or administration which the Opposition sought to defeat.BRITISH TORIES USE “GAG'’ SYSTEM TO JAM THROUGH ANTI UNION BILL 1 lift most important service tlie cinema is rendering; to humanity is that nt making peuple lorgct their sectarianism of language, color, race, religionism, provincialism, nationalism, professionalism, fmaticial-ism, and every other gronpisni which keep men apart, breeding misunderstanding, jealousy, covetousness, quarreling, and war.If true religion must he the means of uniting men into brotherhood in order to be religion at all, then the cinema on ,Sabbath or Sunday has claims upon mankind second only to public education itself.None of the groups which are bounding the school and the cinema can ever be mentioned in the same high breath with them.They are rivals of a narrow and ancient order, they separate, separate, separate.Men are sick of separation and war.The world craves unity.The unstinted welcome accorded to every unifying influence like the publie school and cinema is proof of man’s innate yearning for oneness and peace.(iroupism accuses public education and cinema continually of being godless because they abandon the icons of selfishness for the freedom and good will of communion and brotherhood, but, the tendency to forsake so much of the idolatrous paraphernalia of petty groups is the best possible earnest that men are approaching the true sonship under tied.Mankind is more religious and less religionistie that it ever was before.The cinema has been accused of being frivolous, immoral, unspiritual, but where is the film-house which doe- not draw forth more tears than any of its financial rivals.' Life is at least more truly portrayed than m the petty side-gatherings of any of those groups which keep men away from one another.Truth is not advanced by the fences if separation.Down they must come that the truth be free.The reorganization ol society is no longer in the lead of material reorganization, as it should be.It must, hurry in order to speed as it, should in companionship with man and lus telegraph, telephone, and his radio.Brotherhood must travel faster even than railroads and ships.It must, accompany the aeroplane.We are even now sensing other still more subtle communions amongst men.Brotherhood must be prepared to realize this ascent, also, 't he ancient groupings of men, like t he passing cities in the film from the flyer, can no longer provide a complete horizon for men.The panorama of brotherhood embraces the earth.And what single group teaching can ever hope to satisfy mankind like universal education and the cinema.’ It is far from a conjecture to say that owing to the cinema the love-making of the rising generation is nobler than ever before, and the cinema may easily defy any group in the world to provide a more suitable and efficient form, of instruction in Ibis most necessary act of life.Sit down, ye groups, and let the world progress, or else re-adjust yourselves to the new rise of mankind.Iletarding and screening the light is not guidance.A real guide must, lie at one's side or ahead,— never behind and growling at the pace.Be brotherly.Come along and help us.We need everybody in the climb to true brotherhood.Industrial Electrification of Mexico Organized labor is confronted with a world-wide assault, that will tax to the limit the resources, knowledge, skill, ingenuity, courage and stamina of the trade union movement, is the opinion of Andrew Furnseth, president of the International Seamen's 1’nion of America.President Furnseth gave brief expression to his views to International Labor News Service i1 "IM the conscription of of war.I do not tin- French h women lias a ns-'o.“The trad many that women during time know jus; how far I In go ill Ihe Use of -l'ciigh training in its unions in France liavo restrictions imposed upon them ire nut conducive to efficient functioning and healthy growth, and the government has the greatest military machine in the world to enforce restrictions, walked put of the as a protest against ¦eisiou to limit de anti-union hill and that measure.Newspaper editors who are known to he mihiased observers declare that this is the most sweeping attack against organized labor that any British govern ment has made in more than 100 years.Premier Baldwin and his Tory followers insist, that they fear another general strike, but trade unionists prove the measure is a culmination of a long series of anti-union moves.“For some seven years a frontal assault on the rights won by trade unions Ihe past KKI years has been hatching,’’ says the Daily Herald.“Once the need lor keeping up the pretense of fullfilli war-time promises had passed, the enemies of labor began to act,” snvs this official trade union newspaper.“Since 1112(1 no less than 11 bills have been introduced by Tory members of parliament as part of their campaign.The bills have had various objects—some have nl-lacked Ihe politcul activities of labor, sonic its industrial, some both; but various though the objects have been, the ecu Ira! aim has been the same.That aim was to change the law relating to trade unions so that the employing interests might benefit and the Tory Machine reap advantage.“Under the guise of ‘freeing the workers from the tyranny of trade unionism,’ Tory member after Tory mem-her has sought to lessen the workers’ power of defense or offense.The titles ot the bills are, in themselves, an object lesson on how to disguise intentions by the misuse of words.Purlieu liirly we like the title of a bill brought iu during 1P21).That measure was solemnly presented to the.House of Commons as the ‘Trade Unions (Restoration of Liberty) Bill.’ This game "f talking about ‘freedom and emancipation,’ ‘liberty and protection,’ ‘intimidation and tyranny’ goes merrily on.“Tho appeals of the Tory press and the Tory leaders to ‘freedom’ -are mere dope Their misrepresentation of last year’s national strike is designed to obscure their years of on labor’s rights and labor’s position.Their sudden love for the •independent workman’ is intended to conceal their plan.’ ’ THE CALL OF THE MOUNTAIN STREAM Not many miles north of Montreal stretches the low line of the Lauren-linn Mountains their name synonymous with sudi antiquity that the Canadian geologist can boast how, in comparison with those time-worn heights Ihe All's and the Andes are but pert youngsters.Associated with mountains without which beauty would be lacking, are wouderlul glen,s, which, without rivers would often sink into iusi-gnificiance.Without the rivers, the country would be, (o a certain extent, lacking in life.To our friend, the angler, the word river stands for all that is good and 'plentiful.To our friends, the holiday makers, a country, without battling facilities, canoeing and all other aquatic sports would be no country.The Lnurentians boast of all these things.Why neglect it when Ihe call of the mountain stream is fresh in the air?The Canadian Pacific Railway bas, at your disposal, quick service and comfortable travel to such well known places as Show-bridge, Piedmont, Mont Rolland, Ste.Marguerite, Ynl Morin, Sic.Agathe, St.Fans tin, St.,Invite, Lnbelle and many other attractive spots.—Average daily wage of farm workers 21 per cent below the level of last Spring, United Stales Department of Agriculture reports.—Move of the Fascist government to cut wages'of Italian workers is fraught with international significance and may well be tho forerunner of a ‘‘ worbl-'widc contest in starvation, says President Daniel J.Tobin of International Brotherhood of Teamsters.Chauffeurs, Stablemen and Helpers of America.(luring a short stop-over in Chicago while en route from his headquarters in Washington, 1).(’., to the Pacifie Coast.“I have given expression to this view to a number of persons who should lie interested,” said Mr.Furnseth, “lint 1 am afraid that my thought has not found lodgment in some minds that should lie receptive, in view of all the evidence that is in plain sight.Reaction in Italy and Franco “Fascism in Italy is a pronounced manifestation of the tiling with which wo are confronted.France, too, is dominant with a thinly disguised Fascist policy.In the latter country Hu-new military laws even provide for England Follows Fascist Lead “England, too, is following the lead of Mussolini, as evidenced by the drastic anti-labor bill introduced in the British Parliament by the Baldwin government and which seems certain of passage bv a big majority,” continued Mr.Euruseth.“There are many other evidences of this trend, but we need only to take Ihe recent decision handed down by tho United Stales Supreme Court in the Indiana stonecutters’ case in order to firing the matter home to every liberty-loving Citizen and in particular to every trade unionist on this side of the water.That decision is bound to do great injury to every trade union and presents a problem that will require the best thought of the movement to solve.a- -• As theWorker sees his World Summary and Digest of Important Events of tlio Week, Here and Abroad.—Governor Fuller of Massachusetts makes personal inquiry of Sneeo Van zotli case; executive questions witnesses who testified nt convicted men’s trial; labor organizations continue to semi protests to Governor against conviction of men.—Sixty-five prisoners strike at,Sing Sing in protest against improperly rooked beans; warden admits men’s protest was justified, but insists t liât discipline lie maintained.—Engineers, firemen, conductors, trainmen, telegraphers, longshoremen, clerks and switchmen employed by Pire Marquette Railroad vote to strike unless management meets representative of workers to negotiate a settlement of nienV demands.—Two thousand barbers and beauty simp employees strike in Bronx Borough, New York City, for higher wages and shorter working day.—Britisli Lalmr party members walk out of House of (’ominous in a body in protest against motion to limit debate on government?» anti-strike bill, but return following day and resume debate.—Madman dynamites school at Bath Michigan, and kills ,'1X, mostly children.maniac thought deranged by fin -uncial worries.—American Mol session at (Yashin; Congress has no -quali f ici physicia n they may prescrih association to bin ieal Association, in ion, D.('., declares iglit to tell legally - how much whiskey for sick persons; 1 hill in Congress repealing provision of Volstead Act limiting medicinal whiskey.—Retail fodd prices as reported by United Slates Labor Department virtually unchanged from levels month ago, lint are ÜC, per cent iess, on the average, than in April P.l2(i.—Illinois House f Representatives voted to submit repeal of State prohibition net to referendum of tlie people.- Italian phy-i-irs join tradesmen and workmen in accepting reductions in remuneration in accordance with Fascist government - campaign to reduce production costs.THE LOWLY BEGINNING OF PROGRESS Samuel Gompers used to say that “there is more in p 'ting a dime a day more into the poekcHtooks of Hie workers than is dreamed of in all thy philosophy, oh, Horn i io.” .lust recently Da- el .).Tobin, president of tlie Teamsters, grew rhapsodical over an im-rco-e of wages for a local union of teamsters.Highbrows may say that is tin only they would use many mort than that in saving it.But it tlie bunk.Higher wages lead to broader opportunities for culture, lead to a wider range of selection in the procurement of all the tilings men and women want —in reality form flw bedrock upon which and from which tlie workers climb to higher and nobler estates.Sain Gompers was right.The Labor Party I louse of i 'ominous the government’s dr bate on the pending force the passage of Tho “guillotine” motion was pro-ciitcd by Premier Baldwin.As the government 1ms an overwhelming inn-i-’i'iiy, the Labor Party is helpless.1 R.dynes, well-known trade unionist and member of the House, said the bill is one of the worst pieces of draftsmanship on record and that tlie government has >i mangled their own proposition that they ought to produce a new one for second reading.Asking the Labor Party to co-operate with the government was like asking burglars to co-operate with policemen, lie said.“The bill gives judges and magistrates almost unlimited power over the unions,” said W.Citrine, general see ret ary of the British Trades Union ( 'migre,ss.Mr.Citrine shows that .tlie hill is filled with undefined terms that must later passed upon by the courts.“What does ‘coercing the government mean.” asked Mr.Citrine.“Does it simply mean influencing the government against its will?Wlmt does ‘a subs-portion of the community’ Is it a village, a town, or a ir what ?Does it mean t lie members of employers’ associations and the shareholders of individual firms?Did any government ever dare to make crimes under such generalities?The very essence of criminal law is that, a delinquent must be able to realize tlie nature of tlie crime for which lie is charged before he commits it.“The hill is described ns the Trade Disputes and Trade Unions Bill; it might more properly lie called the ¦Prevention of Unemployment Among the Lawyers’ Bill.’ It will undoubtedly result in most costly litigation and will divert the unions from their proper aims and dissipate their funds.It creates crimes of functions hitherto legitimately exercised by ttic workers for generations, and yet its terms are such as to make it almost impossible for anyone to .say before hand as to whether he will or will not bo guilty o.f a criminal offense.In tho words of Lord Birkenhead (Conservative Lead er) ‘the government, after deep reflection, have taken on what they knew would be a serious and bitter quarrel with the trade unions.’” tantini mean ?county, - bunk, words is not Necessity of constant attention to the problem of making children immune to diphtheria is stressed by tiie local department of health.A new generation is steadily growing up and these children should tie protected as early as possible.Treatments with toxoid arc absolutely harmless to young children but it is a curions fact that babies can be made immune not only with perfect safety but with less temporary discomfort than at any other age.The value of the procedure has been completely demonstrated In Brantford.There has not been a single case of Daii Tobii! diphtheria locally in tlie past four was right.Let the highbrows ravo.months.Tho industrial electrification of Mexico is progressing at such a pace as to lie astounding to even a casual observer of the economic progress of the Southern Republie niucli less to a world today particularly interested in this sort of advancement.Every Mexican newspaper and bulletin dealing -witli Hie économie, industrial and agricultural activities in process in Mexico describes operations —larger and smaller—in this direction.Tin- most sizeable undertaking in tlie last weeks is the enormous hydro electric plant to be constructed nt Tepiixtepee in the state of Miehoaenn by the Light and Bower company of Mexico City (ninsth British < - : i ; • i t : 111 with the help of the Mexican Govern nient.This plant which will give employment to more than 2,000 workmen will have, a capacity of SOO million cubic, meters of water from which 100,000 II.I’- of electricity will lie generated.It, is estimated that from the outflow of water from tho plant 1)0,000 hoct ares of agricultural lands in the states of Miehoaenn and Guanajuato can lie irrigated.The project which will be completed in the last months of 1028, before President Unites’s term expires and which will lie a tribute to him for tho great impetus lie lias given to the rehabilitation of his country, will in tho greatest measure .stimulate Unbuilding up of industrial and agricultural centers in that region of Mexico.José Vasconcelos, Minister of Education in Mexico during Obrcgon’s ad ministration, in the Harris lectures for 102b at the University of Chicago, published recently by tlie University of Chicago Press, treats of the problem of tlie highland as it appears in Mexico—one of the most mount:iinon> countries in the world—and of the handicap which lias been Mexico’s during a petroleum and steam age, when, as lie says: “.it was found necessary through changed conditions in the world-market to change from tlie mine industry to the agricultural or the manufacturing industry, it was found that-wo lacked in the highland most of the essential equipment.We had no irrigation works to protect our planted fields from the irregularities or tlie scarcity of rainfall; we had no combustible, no coal, to generate tlie steam that moved factories.for the moment, we found ourselves in the midst of a world that hail changed its tools without giving us notice.And perhaps tlie main reason for tlie evident decay Mexico has shown in the Inst century comes from the fact that we did not liavo at hand tlie gold of our times—steel and steam working together for tlie new period of world culture.a mechanical civilization.” “But tiie very instance that modern industry began to use electrical power instead of steam power, tho whole aspect of tho future changed to our benefit.What other country in the world can rival Mexico in tlie lavish, immeasurable amounts of utilizable energy that today goes to waste in tlie annual, natural rhythm of the fogs that riso from the sea to make the clouds, and the wind that takes the clouds over the mountain tops in order to cover the plateau with a rainfall that comes rushing down, every season, through tho narrow passes of the ravines and through the -altos (springs) of Ihe thousand grades of levels—a perpetual source of energy that will allow Mexico to build, some day, one of the most potent manufacturing centers of history.To lot.Mr.Vnseoneclos’ words complote the portrayal "f tin- development, which is coming about with unbelievable rapidity in Ihe highland country of Mexico today.When the unlimited possibilities of it development of this sort are enn-sidored and the actual projects to this and which are every day increasing in Mexico are remembered, Mr.Yaseon-colos’ prophecy that “So long as electricity remains the governing I'ow.-r of human industry, tin- highland will be aide to retain the leadership aiming initions”, semis very likely of fulfillment.WISDOM Many politician- arc in the.habit of laying it down as a self-evident proportion that no |.p!>- ought to be free nut il they are lit t" use their freedom.Tin- in:ixiin is wortl y >t the fool in Hie old story who resolved not to go into tlie water until he had learned to swim.Ntaeaulav.New headquarters for salesmen , In many of our offices, Customers’ Rooms like the one indicated, above,, are placed at the disposal of the Long Distance user.Writing material, maps, rate schedules, directories, timetables, calendars,etc., are provided.Here, in privacy and comfort, the salesman receives his calls as the operator completes them, writes up his orders, or makes reports.Where customers’ rooms do not exist, the Manager offers the visiting salesman the use of his office, and is ready to give him adx-ieo about surrounding territory, class of sendee to use, etc.hope that these additional facilities ii'ill malcc our service more valuable to the targe body of travelling salesmen who use it so intelligently.Sfc Ml Pifi 4 SAMEDI, 28 MAI 1927 — MONTREAL — SATURDAY, MAY 28, 1927 How the Workers Fare in Fascist Italy By PROF.GAETANO SALVEMINI University of Florence, Italy (Note.—This is the last of four articles prepared by Frofessor Gaetano Sa'-Ye mini, noted Italian educator, exiled from Italy hy tlio Fascist dictatorship, giving specific facts and figures as to tho condition of the wage-earning masses nntier Fascism.Professor Salvemini has lectured extensively in the United States, drawing the hatred of tho pro-Fascist faction.These articles were prepared expressly for International Labor News Service and its associated uowspapers.) As regards unemployment, there were in Italy, before the Fascists took over the government, three sources from which unemployment statistics could be obtined : unemployment figures were always judiciously exaggerated.(c) Lastly, there was a decree of January 5, 11)11», as a result of which "Labor Exchanges" were set up in many municipalities» These exchanges were entrusted with the duty of distributing help for unemployed workers, at the government’s expense.They distributed this help entirely haphazard, seeking only to please the greatest possible number of political friends, with a view to the elections; after all, it was only the government "s money.Further, it was to their interest to augment the number of unemployed, not only in order to ga the government to carry out public works, but also to justify their own existence.Figures cau’t be taken seriously Where there were no labor exchanges, is was the ease especially in southern Italian towns, the municipal official continued to cook statistics ac-ording to system (b).- , The statistics of unemployed for the] sits a clerk, who, once a mouth, fills vears wcre always the result j in on a form the figure that seems to K- tho combinatieu of systems (b) and him most probable, and this figure is Anyone who takes these figures sent to Home.How can a simple ïor;ougiv shuws that he lias no idea of clerk know the number of unemployed | ,u,w ,h*y Wt.rt .lrrived at.iu industry, in agriculture, and among Qu June ;!0) the labor exchan- small independent artisans, even in a - H were I10 iont,t.r authorized to give small town, when there is no regular ^hus source (c) ceased to be and general system of doles for the a.j,», unemployed, such as exists iu Eng- ju o< ! ber, 1022, the “March on landf The only thing a sensible pomc•• tk j.un e and the “New Era’’ clerk can do iu these conditions is t° begaa, qu December 30, 1022, all fill in on the form the number which ;l,,r uj,ur:li laborers, all artisans and seems to him most reasonable aud j home workers, and all domestic servants which gives him least trouble, and wero cxchuled by the Fascist govern-then pass on to his next job.Further, monl m ,;¦.]([ t.the dole.Only it should be noticed that, in the years ,ju.,,.i.- ; r i ;, 1 w»i kers continued to immediately following the war, it was p lU.„no fifth , f the total to the interest of the local adminis- j luunjvr ,f Italian wrkers.Consequent-trations to put forward to the gov- -y tllc ^tatof doles paid after eminent a high number of unemploy- .ifu.r j miary.1 .an not be corned, since this was a sure means of |iar, .v.t-statistics prior to 1023.getting the government to carry out , public works at its own expense with- Statistics still cooked up iu the municipal area, so as to provide Sour., b) -ti.remains in operation occupation for demobilized soldiers —that is to say, municipal officials| and the unemployed.For this reason, ;-till ¦ -¦ iutin• : • invent unemployment (a) There was the decree of October, 1919, which granted a dole to all workers, both agricultural and industrial, during unemployment.Durb ing the first years iu which this law was applied, the Central Board at Koine collected exact information as to the number of subsidized workers.But the subsidized workers were not the unemployed, as the law applied only to those workers who had a salary of less than BOO lire a month; further, the worker must have paid at least 48 weekly contributions before he had a right to the dole; finally, the dole was continued only for a period determined by the number of .uiitn-butions paid, aud at the end of this period it ceased even though the worker was still out of work.(b) There were the monthly returns communicated to the Central .Board by the municipal authorities.Everybody in Italy knows that these returns have never been iu any degree reliable.In overv municipal office statistics, and the Central Board cooks them into official figures at Koine for purposes of “propaganda.” Finally, the “propaganda,” choosing tho highest number in the whole fantastic series, that of January, 1922, compares it with the lowest, which is that of March 1929 and the miracle is performed.If instead of choosing the 090,000 unemployed of January, 1922, nine months before the “March on Rome,” tho ! “propaganda” had chosen the 321,000 j unemployed of October, 1922, the tactful date on which the “New Era” began, the miracle would have been shorn of half its glory.But it would still have been a miracle, and, like all miracles would have crumbled under criticism.The truth is that no reliable statistics for unemployment exist in Italy.What has really happened Fatting aside official statistics which deserve no consideration, and relying ou information from trustworthy friends, 1 think l ean safely make the following statements: (1) In the first three years, 1923, 192-1, 1923, of the Fascist dictatorship, there was no »onsiderablo unemployment iu the industrial cities of north-era and central Italy, because France absorbed the unemployed.(2) But conditions iu southern Italy became increasingly more difficult as the immigration restrictions of the United States wero felt; (3) In the second half of 1925, unemployment largely increased not only in southern but even iu northern aud central Italy, aud also in industrial classes (a)) because the gaps left by the war were already filled by youth; (b) because France ceased to absorb our workmen, but on tho contrary began to send them back: (e) aud because an iuteuse crisis appeared throughout Italian économie life from the summer of 1926.Workers not better off Confronted with these facts, and with hundreds more like them which 1 will refrain from inflicting upon the reader, it may well be maintained that tlie economic structure of Italy could not bear tiie weight of the real wages being paid to the Italian workers in 1920 and 1921, and that, therefore, a transition to a regime of lower wages was indispensable if a breakdown of the economic system was to tie avoided.It may also be maintained that the use of the ctulgel and the destruction of all free institutions were necessary to compel the workers to content themselves with a lower standard of living.What no one can in good faith affirm is that tho well-being of the working classes has improved under the regime of tho cudgel and since tho advent of the dictatorship.WAR PATRIOTISM-PEACE By Leo Tolstoi, 132 pages, Published by Vanguard Press, Inc, 80 Fifth Avenue, New York City, 50 cents.War, says Tolstoi, is uu-Christian, brutalizing, and vile.Patriotism, says Tolstoi, is in our time an unnatural irrational, harmful sentiment, which causes the greater part of those calant Hies from which humanity suffers.Iu this little book of essays collected under tho title of WAR PATRIOTISM PEACE, Tolstoi, tho groat Russian writer and preacher of living based on Christian principles, lines up a crushing accumulation of argument in condemnation of war, which is fanned into flame by tho interests of a few, kept violent through ignorance, deception, hatred, and results iu the misery of millions of innocent men and women.A peasant woman’s hen laid an egg in her neighbor's yard, and from the dispute arising out of this, men were jailed and publicly flogged, and half of the village burned down.Such is the theme of the fftst essay, “Neglect the Fire and You Cannot Put It Out and such, says Tolstoi, is the nature of war, — which may arise from an ap parent trifle, spreading and gathering volume, until it reaches tho proportions of a gigantic mass-murder.In the essay entitled “Christianity and Patriotism”, Tolstoi describes with brilliant irony the sudden, extraordinary manifestation in 1S93 of an enflamed enthusiasm of the French for tho Russians, tho exalted professions of love aiul eternal friendship between the two countries, exhibiting itself in orgies of festivity, champagne toasting, public embracing, in short, a complete abandonment to a delirium of exaggerated words and feelings, — with the constant repetition of the expressions “love” and “peace”, — aud with a clarity cutting and bitter Tolstoi exposes the hypocrisy beneath tho words of friendship,— traces behind each saccharine phrase the shadow of hate and war,— war to crush the German by a combination of forces.To the French diplomat who comes to Russia to stir up anti-German sentiment, and who complacently says, “We will squeeze the Germans from both sides” Tolstoi replied through Prokofi, the simple peasant working tho fields: “Much time we have to squeeze the German.You had better come and work with us, and send the German, too.When we get through working, we shall have a good time.We’ll take the German along.They are just such folk ns we arc”.Other essays in this volume are “Two Wars”, “Letter to a Corporal”, “The Soldiers’ Memento”, “Tho Officers'Memento “Patriotism and Peace”, “Patriotism and Govern- HARMONY OF HELP IN INDUSTRY THE NATURAL LAW OF CO-OPERATION IS PROGRESS —The following representative businese house* are sympathetic with Labor and are interested in the welfare of not only their own help but of workers generally.They believe in THE LABOR WORLD and are assisting its politic* of cordial relationship betwoen Employer and Employee.:: :: .A number of loading firms whoso namos do not appear in this list m friendly to Labor and have shown their sympathy in • practical way, .WORKERS UNIt Buy Union Stamped Shoes We ask all members of organized labor to pur' chase shoes bearing our Union Stamp on the «ole, inner-sole or lining of the shoe.We ask you not to buy any shoes unless you actually see this Union Stamp.Boot & Shoe Worked Union Affiliated with the American Federation of Labor 246 SUMMEB STREET, BOSTON, MASS.COLL.I8 LOVELY CHAULES L.HAINE General President General Secretary-Treasurer M’-; liDowl ••• ! pwSf: : U/RABCHSttOAll ÿflSSS —fl AW^B SERVICE tuiüa, lami oid§tocKAi* ^ Mûrie à Point Prime par la FoTC6 et parla LeMondeOuvrier-TheLaborWorld Rédigé en collaboration The Official lllllngiml Mouthpiece of the I'rovlnce of Quebec Organized Worker* Member of tho International Labor 1'reaa I * porte-parole de» ouvrier» organisé» de la Province de QuCbeo Membre de lu Presse Internationale Ouvrière d’Amérique GASTON FHANCQ Secrétaire de la Rédaction SeoTetary, Editorial Department More than a Theatre A National Institution mont”, “Shame”, “Cartilage Dolon-da Est’, and a letter written in 1899 to Ernest Howard Crosby, American author, lecturer anil worker for civic reform who tried to live according to tlio ideals of Tolstoi.Tn this powerful letter, Tolstoi explains liis philosophy of life, based on the Christian principles of love and non-resistance.Tolstoi died in 1910, but with a prophetic vision lie foresaw the culmination in tlio World War of 191-1 of the forces of destruction closing in over! Europe with a devastating inevitability.Tliis collection is one of a series of books published by tlio Vanguard I’ress, which is issuing well printed, clothbouml books in uniform size7 sold at fifty cents a volume, treating of a variety of interesting subjects in he social seienco field.ALWAYS SOMETHING GOOD at LOEW’S The Union-Right Through Million Dollar Playhouse PALACE Ht.Catherine W., Opposite Victoria Ht.Le plu» beau théAtre de In ville Toujours un beau programme Vuoa lo premier choix Titre» en fr&nç&l» et en anglol» The mont beautiful theatre In town Always a good programme First Glass Pictured LABOR ?QUERIES • IMPERIALTHEATRE Keith’s high class vaudeville and picture* of the usual high olaù NO CHANGE IN PBIOEB Q.—Has the American Federation of Labor declared for a now trial in tho Sacco-Yauzotti case?A.—Yes.The A.F.of L.has repeatedly gone on record us demanding a new trial aud investigation of tho whole case.Q.—Where can Government figures on union scale of wages and hours of labor be obtained?A.—Write for Bulletin No.431 of the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics, Washington, D.C.This bulletin which contains the latest Government figures on the subject, gives union wage scales aud hours of labor as of May 15.1929.(J,—Arc all resolutions -proposed at conventions of tlio American Federation of Labor passed upon by the delegates?A.—Every résiliation submitted is referred to a committee, reported back to the convention and acted upon.DOMINION BRIDGE CO.Limited Hhi) Offto.Jt Work.>1 LACIUNE, F.Q.Branch Work*: TORONTO.OTTAWA WINNIPEG HALLS TO LET For Labor Meeting* Apply to JOS.LAURIER 416 Ontario East Tel.Walnut 5070W.TeL East 3578 LAURIN, LEITCH & Co.Ltd.660 UNION AVENUE Engineers & Contractors WATER WORKS.SEWERS BRIDGES, ETC.Q.—What is tiie origin of the term “chapel,” as appliod to printers iu a particular shop?A.—William Yaxton1 the earliest English printer, set lip lira first printing shop in a disused chapel of Westminster Abbey, lienee tlie term “chapel.” I n tlio International Typographical Union a chapel is formed in each separate shop employing three or more members.-:o :- Q.—A says tiie American Federation of Labor contributed financially to the defense of Eugene V.Debs when Delis was imprisoned following tiie great railway strike of 1894.B disputes this.Which is right?A.—‘A is right.The A.F.of L, gave $500 to Hie defense of Debs.Steel Products of Every Description From ore to finished product —all within the Empire.BRITISH EMPIRE STEEL Corporation, I.ld.Canad* Oment Bntlcttn*, Montreal AT !,(JEW’S REMINISCENCES OF THE PAST “Short pleasures, long lament”, says the old proverb, but in spite of that, wo find that the short pleasures give us infinite delight and a desire for repetition.Jn a reminiscent mood, wo look hack to many pleasing week-end interlinks spent in some delightful spot amid deep glens, beside the bunks of the turbulent stream, or by the shores of still waters.Wc scorn to nurse a grudge because of the many fleeting moments spent, feeling that the happiness, so derived, is long in again knocking at our door.If wo could, however, but upon the door, wo should find many enjoyments still before us, such as would no doubt, taste richer than those heretofore spent.Many are tlio beauty spots, whoso arms are outstretched to wolcomo us, all within easy reach of nur famous metropolis.Special travelling facilities in weekend tourist tickets and speedy transportation, can waft us away to scones that bring contentment to our lionrls.Tlio Canadian Pacific Railway can offer all that is lo be desired, and any of their Ticket Agent, or F.C.Ly-don City Passenger Agent, 143 St.James St., phone 11 Arbour 4211, will be very glad to give all tho necessary information.-:o :- The Judge.—You arc hereby sentenced to thirty days as a pedestrian.Reckless Atutoist.—Good heavens, will Your Honor send me to my dentil?With a notahlo cast, hoiidi-d by Sally O'Neil in tin: title rule "Kriseii Sally 1.1-vy" conics to I.now's Theatre on Sun day.Charles Delaney of "College Days'' and "Sporting Elfe" fame plays Hie iiias-eiiline load as a young Irish actor cop who is trying to win the heart of Colleen ISally O’Neil)._ Tenon Holtz and Kate Price play Die Jewish Father and Irisli uiolher of llu* heroine in tills eoniedy romance of Jewish.Ilisll life In San Francisco.Olliers in tile cast are Turner Savage, Roy D’Arcy, Helen Levine, Leon Holmes null others of note.Headlining ami excellent trill Itoscoe Ails mill Katie Pullman return again this season together with I heir orchestra.Alls proved very popular at the local house last season us a dancing comedian.Charles and Grace Keeling will offer a lmraetei- sketch called "Their First Love” while Green and Parker will lie seen in a comedy vehicle captioned "At tiie Depot".Bernard anil Iicnrie, Queens of Syncopation lire often referred to as the female Van .V Svin-nckH.They will lie henni In popular song numbers.A pantomime comedy bicycle act with Gordon and Day will open tills attrnellvo programme.There will also lie added n selected screen eoniedy unit other short Interesting subjects.-ni lakes pleasure In mi-addition to the already Sanborn's Symplioninns of who lias just, eompleteil .- Hie Royal Highlanders’ Palm Reach as Solo Kiixophun-uilyson will offer "At Dawn-"Saxopliobia" on his initial Theatre.The inn i SltfCUl noiiiit the well know n Ss Alex Kina yson, :i ski soil wit ll It.'IIKl sit.1 ’Stllll i.st.Mr.1 ''insilv si ml “Ssi week nt \j MîW’H Province of Quebec District of Montreal SUPERIOR COURT No.F-17881.Dame FANNY ABRAMOVITCH, of tho City and District of Montreal, wife common as lo property with Max Yanofaky, of tho same placo, PLAINTIFF VS MAX YANOFSKY, merchant, of tho City ailil District of Montreal, DEFENDANT An action in separation as to property has this day been instituted in this cause.Montreal, 22ntl April 1927 I.POPLIQER, Attorney for Plaintiff.18-211 SPi&Ep Rubber Heels DUAL SERVICE MONTREAL LIGHT, HEAT & POWER CONS.Tower Uulldlng S3 Oral* Htre.t W.,| Main 4040 005 St Catherine and Mountain HtrAota Uptown 0000-0001 HOT Bt.Deni* St.near St C»th*rln* 8L East 2935 2675 St Catherine East, ne*r L»,.ll.Clalrval 1*0 ‘ " ll»hrd 1860 Manufacturers of Premier QtulUy Enamelled & Sheet Metal Warta ToronU, Calgary, MONTREAL Winnipeg, ImIuiUm Vi f aBMiYer LAPORTE, MARTIN LIMITEE EPICIERS EN QROB 684 rue Saint-Paul Ouest T41.Main 87M MONTREAL SIMMONS, LIMITED Bedding Specialists 400 St.Ambroise Street MONTREAL Wlrea and Cables—Telephone Apptralu* Fire Alarm and Police Signalling 871-tenia—Radio Trnnmnlttlng aud flecolr-lug Equipment Made In Canada *7 North ern Ele c tric Plant and General Office* MONTREAL, P: Q.SOUTHERN CANADA POWER OO., LTD.CORI8TINE BUILDING MONTREAL U5*C United Shoe Machinery Oo.OF CANADA LIMITED MONTREAL TORONTO KITCHENER QUEBEC CANADIAN EXPLOSIVES LIMITED 3rd Floor Canada Oemant Co.Bldg.MAJf UJTAOTUIUCBS OF Explosive* ft AooeMoriea P.LYALL & SONS CONSTRUCTION OO, LIMIT HD General Contractor* 701 Transi Nutation Bldg, Montrai William LyolL Tre\* Ue*.V+**e* HOWARD SMITH PAPER MILLS, LIMITED Uakrn In Canada of High Grade Paper* Ha*4 OFlee IU M.OU1 'Dtm* MONTREAL All Imperial producls are tn.'ulufaijtured 5n Canada by Canadian workmen, at our six modern Rmfineriea, ono of which is located at MonitTcnl Fast.IMPERIAL OIL LIMITED