Le monde ouvrier = The labor world, 1 juin 1936, samedi 6 juin 1936

DEMOCRACY IN DANGER Read on page v* 22c Année — No 23 SAMEDI, 6 JUIN 193C — MONTREAL — SATURDAY, JUNE 6, 1936 22ncl Year — No.23 TRY BLACK HORSE ALE 100 Years of Brewing Experience behind it illmtDi' (Ôtmrirr SUfÇatmf DRINK DOW’S ALE Standard of Strength and Quality Rédaction: 11, rue Saint-Paul Ouest “INSTRUIRE ET AMELIORER” Téléphone: LAncaster 5361 Charité ou travail.Lequel?Le plan Bouchard Le Conseil des Métiers et du Travail de Montréal s’est prononcé, par un vote do 30 contre 13, en faveur du principe de donner du travail aux chômeurs plutôt que des secours directs.C’est à la suite d'un rapport spécial de l'exécutif que ce vote “A bas le plan Bouchard!” C’est le cri du jour dans certains milieux de chômeurs — évidemment le travail semble leur faire peur.Rien pourtant de plus juste que de gagner son pain à la sueur de son front, au lieu de vivio de la charité publique ou privée à moins que l’âge ou des infirmités rendent un homme impotent.Nous croyons sincèrement que la majorité des chômeurs fut pris, jeudi soir, à l’hôtel Mont-Royal n’est pas rendue à ce point, de meme que plusieurs de ceux qui ont pus paît a ^ (rautre Une lettve cic nion.M.Boudes manifestations hostiles à l’hon.M.Bouchard l’ont fait par ignorance de ce que c’était qu’on attendait d’eux et quelle portée pouvait réellement avoii h carte qu'on leur demandait de signer.Combien d’eux en ont seulement pris connaissance?Nous la publions ci-dessous: Service Provincial du Chômage Déclaration que doit signer tout sans-travail nécessiteux pour bénéficier de l'aide aux chômeurs à partir de juin 1936.1936 (lieu et date) Je, soussigné, reconnu comme sans-travail nécessiteux résidant clans la municipalité de .No .rue .et bénéficiant, de secours de chômage auxquels contribue le gouvernement de la province, consens par la présente à ce que le montant des secours reçus par moi depuis le 1er juin 1936 soit considéré comme un salaire pour lequel je m engage a travailler en me conformant aux règlements et conditions de travail qui pourraient être mis en force soit par la Province, soit par les autorités municipales, soit- par le comité de secours auquel le conseil municipal a délégué son autorité.Nom .Occupation .• • Dépendants .Remarques .Pour être conservée par le chômeurs.Il n'y a rien d’extraordinaire ni de bien compromettant à signer une telle déclaration, d’autant plus que ce n’est que la mise en vigueur de la loi fédérale de 1933 qui veut que le chômeur s'engage à travailler en retour de l’allocation ciii’il touche et que tous ceux qui reçoivent des allocations ont pris cet engagement sans quoi ils n’auraient pas été inscrits sur les listes de secov.is et n'auraient pas touché un seul sou; il est vrai de dire que cette partie de la loi est restée lettre morte depuis que le gouvernement Bennett avait décidé que les travaux de chômage coûtaient les yeux de la tête et étaient mal faits et que, dans les circonstances, il valait mieux comparer les allocations de chard a été produite, assurant le Conseil que des mesures seraient prises pour mettre à exécution le plan en question, avec tous les soins voulus.Une copie du plan fut distribuée à chaque délégué, afin d'en prendre connaissance et le discuter intelligemment, La plupart des orateurs qui ont parlé sur le sujet se sont opposés tout particulièrement aux clauses 6, 9 et 16.La clause 6 fixe le maximum que peut gagner le chômeur nécessiteux.La clause 9 mentionne l’exécution du travail que le chômeur sera appelé à donner, le nombre de journées de travail fixé par la commission du chômage; son gain ne lui sera octroyé que par versements égaux à ceux que lui donnerait le secours direct.Le clause 16 stipule les travaux sur lesquels les chômeurs seront appelés à travailler, soit pour les autorités ou les commissions d’aide aux sans-travail, sur des ouvrages publics, semi-publics et privés; les entreprises des gouvernements fédéial, provincial et municipal et les écoles publiques; les entreprises semi-publiques appartenant à des associations éducationnelles subventionnées par les gouvernements; les entreprises privées, celles exécutées au bénéfice de personnes privées sur des biens appartenant à des particuliers.Ces clauses ont soulevé un débat mêlé de suggestions diverses et de questions posées aux membres de l’exécutif, qui n’en tirèrent assez bien, dans l’intérêt du principe en jeu.Le délégué Belland demanda si l’exécutif était en accord avec le plan soumis; on lui répondit que le principe seulement avait été adopté.Le délégué Jos.Schubert déclare que *10,000 chômeurs recevront des secours et que cela coûterait trois-quarts de million à la ville par semaine; qu’elle n’était pas capable de faire travailler les chômeurs, sans avoir étudié le plan qui nous est présenté.Le gouvernement ne peut suffire à donner du travail, n’ayant pas encore adopté de plan de travaux pour remplacer les secours directs.Le délégué Pierre Lefèvre dit que le public est sous l'impression que le Conseil des Métiers et du Travail est en faveur du plan Bouchard en entier.Il demande que les officiers du Conseil fassent une déclaration spécifique, s'ils sont favorables aux vingt-trois clauses contenues dans le plan.On dit tout haut, ajoute le délégué P.Lefèvre, que le plan Bouchard et la commission du chômage fédéral étaient d'accord pour faire disparaître par tous les moyens le chômage complètement.Après d’autres discours des délégués C.Miron, D.Wolfe, S.Sarkin, J.Cuppello, W.Trotter et L.Witty, le président G.-R.Brunet donna les explications de l'attitude du comité qui avait pris sur lui de se prononcer sur le principe de donner du travail plutôt que des secours.Le gouvernement provincial a déjà été avisé, dit-il, des intentions de l’exécutif du Congrès qui demande de faire des travaux de préférence aux secours.Ce que nous discutions ce soir, déclare le président Brunet, ce n'est pas le plan Bouchard, parce qu’il n’y a pas d'élaboration de programme pour les travaux que l'on veut substituer aux secours — seulement de réitérer l'attitude de ce Conseil en faveur des travaux avec le salaire stipulé dans les contrats collectifs de travail.Finalement, une proposition fut adoptée qu’un comité composé des délégués Schubert.Wolfe, Sarkin, Trotter.Sénécal et Gault, soit nommé pour étudier conjointement avec l'exécutif toutes les clauses de ce plan et rejeter celles qui seront inacceptables.La séance était présidée par M.G.-R.Brunet, assisté des vice-présidents J.-E.Gariépy et Jack Cuppello.Nous avons entrevu nombre de chômeurs — membres de nos unions ouvrières — et nous avons pu constater qu’il répugne à la plupart d’entre eux Cl UUC qi-lCOiawii viv, 4 «V|V.V- • UU tUUUlUl UCO ÙULUIUÔ UUL'Ltû, tin .fait travailler les chômeurs en retour de ces allocations.Montréal.Quebec pUbiiqUef mais, petit à petit, ils s’y habituent insensiblement et finisse Vautres villes ne l’ont pas fait.Ce qu’on appelle le “plan Bouchard n’est trouver ceia tout naturel, ils s’imaginent que l’Etat est obligé de les fair c ni plus ni moins que de généraliser la mise en vigueur d’une loi fédérale.majs malgré tout ils préféreraient suivre la loi sacrée du travail.Uni e vivre, Une autre chômage à une question de charité.En dépit de cela, nombre de municipalités de toucher des secours directs; au début, ils ont honte de vivre de la charité ont fait travailler les chômeurs en retour de ces allocations.Montréal, Quebec oublioue.mais, petit à petit, ils s’y habituent insensiblement et finissent palet d donc _ _ _ _ Il faut se rappeler que les allocations de chômage sont payées partie par objection, c’est qu’une fois qu’un chômeur trouve de l’ouvrage pour une période les gouvernements fédéral et provincial et l’autre partie par les municipalités relativement courte, il est supprimé de la liste des secours directs et il lui faut sous certaines conditions et peuvent servir à faire exécuter des travaux bien fajre un tas de démarches et subir une quantité de questions et d’humiliations spécifiés: si une municipalité refuse de se conformer à ces conditions elle avant d’être réinscrit; il est assez naturel alors qu’il ne soit pas anxieux s'expose à se voir refuser la contribution de l’un ou de l’autre des gouverne- d’accepter un travail intermittent.Pouvons-nous le blâmer?ments D’autres nous ont répondu: “Pourquoi serions-nous en faveur de travailler ruble M Bouchard a d’ailleurs fort bien expliqué, à la radio, ce p0Ur notre allocation de chômage si nous touchons exactement le même mon-.“vf.mnihcnrcncernent une partie de son auditoire a préféré faire tant d’argent que lorsque nous ne travaillons pas, cela coûte plus cher pour Qlli Cil était, * ., _ _____i «-* nine m-neen r\a rt i o Hp iAMnnMA vmno fvr»vrnîlT/-»v-»e nnrun mio rmnc rlônpn.ennc nnp nln.Q f nrfp snmmn 1 Vi vTit nlutôt ciue de se renseigner et a empêché la plus grosse partie de vivre lorsque nous travaillons parce que nous dépensons une plus forte somme du chanui p écouter- heureusement que le progrès a inventé la radio qui d’énergie, nous usons plus de linge et d’habillement, alors nous serons en fin son auaito contact avec l’auditoire invisible de beaucoup plus nombreux de compte plus mal, plus pauvres, que sous le système actuel.” permet* cie P ^ assemblées pubiiques.Nous croyons que c’est la grande objection de ceux qui crient "à bas le qUË Est-il possible qu’on en soit rendu au point que quelques centaines plan Bouchard’’.Elle; n’est pas insurmontable, il^doit J tre possible Je prouver Est-il Parole " un hommc blic de faire part aux citoyens un moyen terme, pourquoi ne pas payer aux chômeurs qui travailleront le d’individus puissent empe ___________„ tout cc nui salaire Drévu Dar les contrats collectifs et qu’on leur donne un certain nombre d’un nrojet.quelconque?On blâme les groupes communistes de tout ce qui arrive quelquefois avec raison, mais bien souvent à tort; nous y voyons une répercussion naturelle des écarts de langage dont se sont rendus coupables, au clmrs de la dernière campagne électorale, un certain nombre de candidats, et oui se continuent à l’Assemblée législative de Quebec.Il est un vieux proverbe qui dit que qui sème le vent récolté la tempete.Esnérons que ceux qui incitent le peuple et parlent continuellement de révolte s’aperçoivent avant qu’il ne soit trop tard qu’ils jouent un jeu dangereux qui nouveau frankenstein.les emportera également dans la tourmente.Nous ne sommes pas prêts à dire que ce soi-disant “plan Bouchard répond bien à la situation et qu’il ne devrait pas subir des modifications importantes.L’énorme majorité de la population reconnaît qu en ne peut indéfiniment faire vivre des milliers et des milliers de chômeurs sans qu en retour ils donnent une certaine somme de travail.Il y a tant de travaux salaire prévu par les contrats collectifs et qu’on leur donne un certain nombre d’heures de plus que le montant de l’allocation qu’ils touchent sans travailler?De cette façon, ils auront plus d’argent, partant un peu plus de bien-être pour leur famille et ce surplus d’argent mis en circulation permettra à l’industrie et au commerce d’embaucher un plus grand nombre de personnes, d’où moins de chômeurs, sans oublier le côté moral de la question.Le plan Bouchard mérite certainement une étude approfondie par les corps publics, et surtout par les organisations ouvrières.Rien ne sert de crier "à bas le plan Bouchard”, cela ne remédiera en rien à son adoption ou à son rejet par les autorités qui sont à bout de souffle.Il faut prendre les moyens de faire disparaître cette plaie du chômage; on ne veut pas prendre les moyens logiques et recommandés pour les ouvriers pour y parvenir, il est donc recommandable d’essayer tous les moyens que nos hommes publics sont assez hardis de suggérer.Une chose certaine, c’est que les secours aux chômeurs ne peuvent éter- s ni —sœ —et - * » - retour du travail qu’ils feront.aux secours directs. Page 2 SAMEDI, 6 JUIN 1936 — MONTREAL — SATURDAY, JUNE 6, 1936 1 .Le qui se passe dans nos unions Par BEN.DROLET.CONGRES PROVINCIAL DES CHARPENTIERS Jeudi, le 2 juillet prochain, s’ouvrira, à Sainte-Anne de Bellevue, la convention provinciale annuelle de la Fraternité Unie des Charpentiers - Menuisiers d'Amérique, pour se continuer les 3 et 4 juillet.Des rapports importants seront soumis par l'exécutif, concernant les réformes à obtenir du gouvernement provincial, pour procurer aux cl ers du travail aux salaire., .„ ,a construction des travaux publics.On parle aussi de faire réglementer la construction à Montréal, par une loi, afin d'empêcher une foule d'incompétents de la campagne de venir encombrer la ville et remplacer les ouvriers charpentiers et menuisiers, dont la loi du contrat collectif exige une carte de compétence.Une autre question qui intéressera probablement la convention est celle de la fondation dans les villes de cette province, là où il n'en existe pas, d’une union auxiliaire des dames des charpentiers-menuisiers.On compte qu’un grand nombre de délégués des divers locaux de la Fraternité Unie de cette province assisteront à ces délibérations.Le secrétaire général, M.Pierre Lefèvre, donnera avis aux officiers de chaque local de Montréal et de la province de procéder, au cours du mois de juin, à l’élection des délégués et lui en faire connaître les noms, au moins une semaine avant la convention.AVIS AUX TRAVAILLEURS EN FER DE CETTE PROVINCE r.A chacune des séances de l’Union des Travailleurs en fer, local 307, un grand nombre de nouveaux membres se font initier.C’est un signe des temps: on prévoit beaucoup de travail et on se prépare en conséquence.Mercredi dernier, sous la présidence de M.H.Lajeunesse, un rapport des plus importants a été soumis par M.J.-A.Charron, agent d’affaires du local 307.Les travaux qui sont en cours, d’après ce rapport, sont des plus considérables et la saison promet d’etre une des plus actives.Toujours d’après le même rapport, en ce qui concerne la règlementation des conditions d admission dans les différents endroits de la province de Québec, qui sont maintenant sous l’empire de l’extension juridique du contrat de travail depuis avril dernier, tous les ouvriers sans exception travaillant dans la structure en fer dans toute la province devront, sans y manquer, pour obtenir du travail, se procurer leur carte de travail émise par l’union.Pour cela, ils pouront s’adresser à M.j.-a.Charron, 415 rue Sainte-Catherine Est.On se prépare à fêter la Fête du Travail; un comité d’organisation a été nommé.’ ELECTIONS CHEZ LES OUVRIERS EN FOURRURE DU LOCAL 66 Des questions d’intérêt général ont été discutées au Conseil conjoint de l'Union internationale dos Ouvriers on fourrure, mardi soir dernier, sous la présidence de M.Emile Perrault, à 415, rue Sainte-Catherine Est.U s'agissait de prendre connaissance de la dernière entrevue, lundi le 1er juin, avec le sous-ministre du Travail.M.Get aid Iremblay.relativement aux quelques objections de la part des patrons de la zone de 50 milles.Un rapport de tous ces sujets sera soumis à l’assemblée du local tit>.qui aura lieu lundi, le 8 courant, à la saHo supérieure du Café Saint-Jacques, 415, rue Sainte-Catherine Est.et à laquelle assemblée il sera procédé à la nomination et à l’élection des officiers.Seuls les membres en règle auront le droit de voter.ASSEMBLEE DES TYPOGRAPHES Aujourd'hui, à 2 heures 30, aura lieu, à la salle de l’Union du Commerce, 1079, rue Berri.l'assemblée régulière mensuelle de 1 Union Typographique Jacques-Cartier No 145.Plusieurs questions d’actualité seront discutées, relativement au contrat collectif qui vient d'être mis en vigueur.Les membres sont priés de venir nombreux.pour se tenir au courant des événements passés et futurs dans l’industrie de 1 imprimerie.Les problèmes soulevés par la nouvelle convention collective seront de plus en plus nombreux et difficiles à résoudre, et il faudra la coopération de tous les membres pour y parvenir, et surtout pour sauvegarder les droits des ouvriers.LES EMPLOYES DU GAZ S’ORGANISENT Vraiment, l’ère est à l’organisation.Nous applaudissons, lorsque nous sommes informés qu’un tel corps de métier est à se réorganiser; que ce métier avait déjà été fortement organisé — près de 90 pour cent — que, malheureusement, pour diverses raisons incontrôlables, ce métier était tombé dans l’isolement.Nous voulons faire allusion au groupe de travailleurs employés à la Compagnie du gaz Lasalle-Côte Saint-Paul, qui depuis déjà quatre semaines à peine, ayant compris de nouveau le besoin d’unifier leurs forces pour obtenir des conditions de travail meilleures, ont résolu de fonder une nouvelle union, sous l’égide de la Fédération Américaine du Travail.M A.Bastien, organisateur de la Fédération, de passage à Montréal, fut invité par les intéressés à convoquer une assemblée et, après les explications d'usage qui leur ont été données par M.Bastien, ce dernier enregistra 80 demandes d'admission.M.Bas-tien étant appelé à suivre l’enquête des industries textiles, qui se poursuit présentement, confia à M.Frank Griffard, ancien agent d'affaires des employés du gaz, le soin de continuer le travail si bien commencé.On s’attend qu’à la fin de juin les 250 employés de cette compagnie auront presque tous rejoint l’union, et alors celle-ci procédera à l’élection d’un bureau de direction, le 26 juin.LES FEMMES EMPLOYEES DANS LES HOTELS ET RESTAURANTS Enfin on verra les femmes et filles employées dans les restaurants, salles à manger, buffets, salons de rafraîchissements,, etc., recevoir un salaire minimum et des conditions de travail raisonnables, selon une ordonnance qui a été émise le 26 mai par la Commission du salaire minimum pour les femmes et qui entrera en vigueur le 1er août prochain.Une deuxième ordonnance a été édictée pour les hommes et les femmes travaillant dans les hôtels.Les hommes, dans ce cas, sont assujettis aux conditions stipulées lorsqu'ils remplacent les femmes à ces travaux, c’est-à-dire que leur salaire ne devra pas être moindre que celui payé aux femmes.Dans l'ordonnance concernant les restaurants, la juridiction territoriale est en deux zones, la première comprend Montréal et toute municipalité de plus de 5,000 âmes sur l’ile de Montréal.Les employées travaillant dans ce rayon recevront 17 cents de l'heure en plus de leurs repas.Dans la deuxième zone, les employées seront payées 13 cents de l'heure et cette zone comprend Québec, Hull, Sherbrooke, Trois-Rivières, et toute ville de plus de 25,000 de population.Si elles travaillent moins de 30 heures par semaine, un bonus de 3 cents l’heure leur sera payé.Pour l’hôtellerie, la province est divisée en deux zones, la première comprenant Montréal, Outremont, Verdun et West-mount.Dans cette zone, les filles de table et femmes de chambre recevront $17 par mois, chambre et pension comprises; 1.aides de cuisine et autre personnel, $22 pa mois, chambre et pension comprises.Si ; chambre et la pension ne sont pas fournies l'employée recevra un supplément de $; irai- mois; si elle n’est pas logée, elle recevra un supplément de $8 par mois.Dan.la deuxième zone, soit Québec, Hull, Sher brooke, Trois-Rivières et autres villes de plus de 25,000 de population, les condition sont les mêmes, excepté que les salair.seront de $15 par mois pour les filles de table et $20 par mois pour les aides de cui sine et autre personnel.Il est à remarquer que le pourboire r.peut être compté par l’employeur comm • une partie du salaire de l’employée.L' uniformes seront fournis et blanchis pa: l’employeur; si ces uniformes sont faits sur mesure, le patron peut les vendre à l’employée, mais jamais plus de $3.00.Aucun, patron ne pourra renvoyer une employée pour cause de plainte à la commission, etc.Ces deux ordonnances de la Commission viennent à point et seront un grand bien fait ixrnr ces employées qui pourront ainsi tirer quelque profit de leur travail.CHARLES H.HATCH, industrial inge neer, has studied the present and impending economic condition of industry a; first hand, impartially as benefits one ot his profession.He has formed some idea, on the subject, naturally.He also has the moral courage to express those ideas.Recently he said: Demandez l’étiquette de l’Union sur toutes vos marchandises Always demand the Union Label - It Days Reproduction des marqua, syndicale* carte, dataller., bouton.Union Labels, Shop Cards, Working Buttons and Emblem.umO et insignes de travail qui dédgnent l'affiliation aux union, to designate membership In the affiliated National and InUr-Intemationales affiliée, à la Fédération Américain, du Travail, national Union, with the American Federation of »*»l*n u< Dm Iii.hn' L’aUa UM lalrr aiitaail PkaUlaffriiin' UtM Lat-rf Lm*I P»m.«a’« L'aWa UM All!».Priai!*.Trié» Likrl 0JAC.F.IA 314 "ilrirtoiN1 UAiKiY AUTHORITY Or VtUm Uhl *r Sun Mi.at.LiMl if Uaitié C.l««it TiN|M|kMii Cana ’ UNION LA! IPX © - Un.M la(M I*.U.*4lM •Hr* Car.»| Mill CalHrt A ll.uk.H.rkair CU*t trArn Uil» I *wt .WORKERS UNION/ Intkitkaaé *f Pilalin.D.r.r.i.,, ,.4 Pi.«rh«*.m‘ If a»* t.ikil Pa.rr Mikin' t’-'-a LibrW M5 factory tad Skw Wirkm t ar.a l,k,1 ,f Sk,„ MtUI Wirkm IS*p Ciré if Jurirran (Ur kin’ Uai • .laanrr.fk.wl fnMiar* 114 Hr 1*.tn if turn Eaiktim if A an'fi.•**||J \r-.«lit.,n 0f Vr«l A tUfUk H/ kmefirr-a (f trarrwi "I'an.LiMil liiUtti IT.rlim UNION MADE rxu a n fisses* «TU.t'atia i.tkii lalaa Util *f Cl-M*l,n .4 Î.JVmW' J.- -Jlr .«riVM'ur'l./I b *3 D -n T3 : 7.W labll ^-X r R L.A.V.- 1 nu—-3.FilOlkt^TORE ¦ - -V-r vAmita Lrioa Lib.li •( Funncil Vk,,«,,, tAOU.W.P.C.of N.A.C£> UM ION-MADE iu* l a in Lik.l 0» UallH W.|| r.p.r Crafu ïntornaticml •H Sur.Taré if Rrliit tirai Pi'é #f Uai trUk iaé Oar Wark.»»’ L*M THE STOGIES 3: rnoa 3XOGIE • f Start ftaaaHtM Pt.Htr* M»«*«ai lAmliri 'ng way the superiority of the democratic as th^Se^n Gerrnanv or, revolutionary form of government to which me people in Germany, Italy and Russia are subjected.justice^Fascism SSl/" f^Ce’ civilization' economic progress and social individu.?therenmi Hr ‘^T’m.sm makc for the enslavement of the Black motion a*?™! ^ cmlizatlon and war as a national objective.co-operate 7n TrVr t T lZ /0rC^ thC WorlŒs frce naüons to again conTrol the desünL o S °f thC men and ^nps, that now If the directing heir]* nf f lons m the lands over which they presently rule.languag^S aîereJll announce ln clear and unmistakable ganda pfans * defend themselves agninst the propa- will they serve notice uJonthe^dSto'roSf'the'da^ reVffionary' not on]y with the liberties nf frokL !ese dictators of the danger of trying to interfere control with the hope of tetter'doyoto^c’’”' C°Untr‘eS UndCr ‘,lctatorl:>l 4?SAMEDI, 6 JUIN 1936 — MONTREAL — SATURDAY, JUNE 6, 1936 Page 7 Industrial freedomor Economie Slaver y?•Oh, but I pay no dues; what I earn is all mine,” is often the reply of the worker in the ‘‘open shop" when told of the benefits to be gained by joining the union of his craft.But what is he paid?Is his compensation commensurate?Are the conditions under which he labors conducive to health and contentment?Has he a voice in the amount of wages he receives, the length of his working day or his shop conditions?In sickness is his job held open until he returns?The answer is no—emphatically.He sells his labor in competition with his fellow worker.His job is open to any other who will undertake to do it for less money.His rights are not safeguarded by an organization of his fellows.He is strictly ‘‘on his own.” If unjustly treated he can expect no consideration at the hands of his employer.He must abide by the conditions fixed by those who have little or no interest in him beyond the work they can get out of him.He is subject to fines for this or that, discipline without trial or hearing, and discharge at the caprice of those in authority.He has as little independence of thought or action as a member of an uncivilized race in an unlightened country.He does not enjoy the respect of organized workers in his community.His family is not part of the social life of the community in which he resides.Virtually he is an economic slave.As a member of an International Union he becomes an integral part of one of the most progressive and efficiently managed trade organizations in the world.His card in an International Union gives him the right to seek work in every union shop or factory in the United States and Canada.He enjoys the same privileges in all provinces of the Dominion.He is an industrial freeman and as such has rights and privileges that may not be ignored.He is paid the same wage as the man alongside of him who does a similar class of work.He is paid an equitable wage and guaranteed regular hours of employment.He is paid overtime and for calls to the shop or office at unusual hours.He has a voice in the shop conditions under which he works.He is the equal of his shopmates in everything pertaining to that shop.He is protected in health and cherished in illness.He is qualified for a pension at the completion of a stated term of membership.He may, when need arises, receive at the “Union Home” of his craft the best medical treatment and personal car, amid congenial surroundings, without cost.And when the inevitable end arrives he is laid to rest in befitting manner under the kindly fraternal supervision of his fellows as a final tribute, and his loved ones are shielded from stress in their hour of grief.All this is his because he is entitled to it—and his Union will see that he gets it.There should be little hesitancy in choosing between freedom in a union shop and economic slavery in an “open shop.” CZECHOSLOVAKIA SHOES Reports of the United States Department of Commerce show that Czechoslovakia shipped 1,600,000 pairs of shoes into the United States in 1935, valued at $1,000,000, or approximately $0.64 a pair.Allowing for cost of materials in the manufacture of the shoes, cost of transportation and overhead expense incidental to operating the factory, it is safe to estimate the shoe workers’ compensation as being less than $0.15 a pair, or about one-quarter of the labor cost of the cheapest shoe made in the United States.The 30% duty charged by our Government would increase the value to about $0.81 a pair.These figures give a very definite idea of the unfair foreign competition United States manufacturers have to contend with.Certainly no one would seriously suggest to our shoe workers that they accept one-quarter of their present earnings to help meet the situation.Czechoslovakia shipped 700.000 pairs of -hoes to the United States less in 1935 than in 1934, indicating that the 30% duty ecured after many years’ effort on the i art of the manufacturers and the Union has helped but we think this decrease can lie attributed in a large measure to the Buy American” campaign.Surely, no one can complain about the unemployment situation while patronizing merchants selling foreign made goods.WHAT WOULD HAPPEN TO JESUS IF HE APPEARED TO-DAY Our much-esteemed contemporary, “The American Friend,” asks what would likely happen to Jesus in person if He were to appear among us to-day, preaching the principles which He declared nineteen centuries ago and attempting to apply them to conditions which exist among us.It answers its own question by suggesting that He would not likely be allowed at large for even three years before He would have to face another cross, as a disturber of the peace and a threatener of the existing order.What would be your answer to uch a question?Don’t imagine that the question is in any sense an irreverent or a captious one.— The New Outlook, United Church of Canada Weekly Paper.WHY I AM A UNION MAN Because I purpose to protest against any man or set of men stealing my right to health, home and happiness.Because I am not afraid to line up with my fellow workers, and make an honest demand for which is ours by heritage.Because I want to see every man, woman and child have plenty to eat.plenty to wear and plenty of time to enjoy it.Because I am opposed to filth and ignorance, and in favor of health and knowledge.Because a union man is never disrespected by any one, except a lot of redeyed rounders with more money than kindness.Because when I pay my dues into the union I realize that I am stirring some thickening into a bowl of soup for some poor hungry woman or child.Because I believe it is better to give than to receive, and by being a union man I am giving influence and money to those who deserve and should receive it.Because I am in favor of more bread and less brutishness, more pie and less pomp; more health and happiness and less hellishness.Because in union there is strength and in strength there is knowledge, and in knowledge there is health, and in health there is happiness, and all sensible people want to be happy.-: o : ——- I am not bound to win.but I am bound to be true.I am not bound to succeed; but I am bound to live up to what light I have.I must stand by anybody that stands right; stand with him while he is right, and part with him when he goes wrong.—ABRAHAM LINCOLN.* * * There are two kinds of discontent in the world: the discontent that works, and the discontent that wrings its hands.The first gets what it wants and the second loses what it has.There’s no cure for the first but success; and there's no cure at all for the second.—GORDON GRAHAM.Be A Union Label Booster For two or three years we have conducted an active label campaign in the interests of the printing trades of Vancouver.B.C„ that are operating in cooperation with the printing trades organizations and whose members are engaged in that industry with more or less satisfactory results.We feel, though, that conditions could be greatly improved if members could be i>ersuaded to devote a little time to their own welfare.The label committee of the allied printing trades council, having given the matter most serious consideration, decided upon the issuance of a monthly letter as a means of informing our members who our friends are and so enable them to exercise their purchasing power in favor of merchants who are supporting our objects by patroniznig union firms and displaying the union label on their printed matter.Great sacrifices have been made by our members and their families in establishing the shorter workweek and maintaining a decent standard of wages.Do you not realize that when you spend our money, earned under union conditions, with a merchant whose advertising matter does not bear tlie union label in all probability you are not only indirectly giving assistance to people whose every effort is tov'ard breaking down these conditions procured at so VENEER MILLS IN QUEEC PAY MEN HIGHEST WAGES OF $2.00 PER DAY Speaking in the Legislative Assembly at Quebec on May 6, 1936, Mr.P.A.Sherman, M.L.A.opposition, Compton, Quebec, stated in part as follow's: “We have an industry in our town which has been located there for the past twenty-five years, one of the largest veneer mills in the Dominion, and the highest wages paid there are $2.00 a day for three men who run the large machines, apart from the bosses.Some of these men have been running these machines for twenty years and have not a dollar ahead of them.When the mills stop for a week for repair, tlie merchants have to give credit, and in many cases, the men are unable to pay them back.“We are called upon to-day to decide which is going to remain: The present Capitalist system or brotherhood.No Nation had a right to survive if part of its people are free and part slaves.We must have brotherhood, and if industry is unwilling to recognize that brotherhood, we must make laws that w'ill ensure the right to survive if part of its people are part free and part slaves.We must make laws that will ensure the right to every man to his share of this Province’s abundance.” — The Montreal Daily Star, May 7, 1936.-: o :- UNION-MADE PRODUCTS The Rich Mail Manufacturing Company, Inc., of Richmond, Virginia, has placed two new Union-made products on the market.They are Richmond Maid Coffee and Richmond Maid Baking Powder.Both are prepared under Union conditions and bear the American Federation of Labor Label.In fact the entire plant is 100 per cent unionized throughout and every maintenance man must be a member of his recognized Union.Tlie coffee is the highest grade and finest flavor, and the baking powder is guaranteed to be manufactured from pure phosphate and the best quality.Members of organized labor are urging their dealers to buy these Union-labeled products, and the demand for them has greatly increased in the past few’ months.-: o :- PHILADELPHIA SHOE WORKERS WIN UNION SHOP Philadelphia, Pa.— An outstanding victory for union labor was registered here when the Standard & Cleopatra Shoe Company, employing 600 people, signed an agreement with the Boot and Shoe Workers’ Union following a four days’ strike.The agreement provides that all employees must be members of the union, establishes a 40-hour week with extra compensation for overtime, and grants wages increases averaging from 15 to 25 per cent for all the workers in the plant.The strike settlement was reached through negotiations conducted by John J.Mara, president of the Boot and Shoe Workers’ Union, and Lew'is G.Hines, representative of the American Federation of Labor.' great a cost, but also lessening your own opportunity of continuing in employment?A great deal of printed matter at present being produced in non-union concerns can be diverted to union offices in a very simple way : by more of our members doing as some are already doing and that is drawing attention to tlie absence of the union label on advertising matter and pointing out their intention to deal with tnose who display that emblem.Most of our members are maintaining households; they all buy groceries, clothing, shoes and other necessities of life.Their opportunity to contribute to the upbuilding of their unions lies in finding out whether or not tlie merchants with whom they spend their money are buying their printing from offices that employ union men and women, and their goods from manufacturers employing union help.In this phase of our work the women play a most important role.To a large extent they supervise the purchasing of home commodities and all that goes into the maintenance of tlie home, and a great majority of them are using that power in the proper direction.If “money talks,” let us make our union-made dollars speak for trades unionism.— Allied Printing Trades Council, Vancouver, B.C.UNIONIZED LABOR MEANS BETTER BUSINESS Business can not sell its goods to underpaid workers, and it can not make profits on unsold goods.Tlie prosperity of business depends more than ever on the prosperity and buying power of its workers.Business learned that lower prices and greater output meant higher profits than higher prices and restricted output.It must now learn that higher wages mean steady business and that tlie nation’s economic pulse is the payroll.One way to keep that lesson before business is to have lnbor strongly organized and in a position to enforce its rights.The labor union is the intelligent business man’s best friend.It is a check on sweatshop practices.It ts a check against the shortsightedness of stupid competitors.It is a guarantee that mass purchasing power will be maintained on the level necessary for prosperity.Unionizing labor is the best way to keep industry from cutting its own throat by a greedy concentration on profits.— The Philadelphia Record.-: o :- THE BATA ADVANCE Our readers will no doubt be interested in tlie following newspaper report: “Bata of Czechoslovakia is newly licensed to carry on a chain of stores in Wisconsin, for selling new shoes and mending worn shoes, and among forevisioned shoeists there is talk that should Wisconsinites like Bata’s service, they may bethink themselves to ask for a lower duty on Bata shoes.” As far as the shoe trade is concerned, this seems to be a new u'ay of offsetting the duty on imports to tlie United States.We have been informed of the tricks practised by importers, for example, having goods come into the United Sta'es partly or almost finished to escape the extra duty on the finished product, and the charge has also been made that goods shipped here were undervalued.By operating his owm stores Bata will save the retailer’s profit, which will about offset the present customs duty, and at the same time, if successful in operating these stores throughout the country, he will have a market for his product.The surest remedy against w'hat appears to be very unfair competition is to buy shoes bearing the Union Stamp of the Boot and Shoo Workers’ Union.— The Shoe Workers.-: o :-— It should be possible to produce enough of the necessaries of life to satisfy everybody and at the same time give work to everybody.That, of course, means short hours, high wages and not, as is so often advocated, longer hours and lower wages.—PROF.ALBERT EINSTEIN.* * * There is no longer any difference of opinion among those who are well inten-tioned and competent as to the value of shortening the hours of labor, both as an aid to production and for its effect on the standard of living.—MORRIS L.COOKE, Industrial Engineer. Page 8 SAMEDI, 6 JUIN 1936 — MONTREAL — SATURDAY, JUNE 6, 1936 The Hon.James Lorimer Ilsley By BERNARD ROSE.A Young and Brilliant Canadian Who Has Won His Political Spurs.— The Honorable James Lorimer Ilsley, Minister of National Revenue.— His Success Evidence that Youth Will be Served.There is something in the air of the good old province of Nova Scotia that generates in its sons a liking for public life.Nova Scotians are proud of their province oe-cause of its history and the many eminent men it has given to public life and the.professions.Its Howes, Fieldings, Bordens, Rhodes and a number of others have reflected during their careers credit upon their natal province.Nova Scotians take their politics seriously.They have little sympathy for the newer groups or parties.They are satisfied that the country’s affairs can be administered successfully and constructively by the leaders the people periodically choose.The representative in the Cabinet from Nova Scotia, whether the Government of the day was Liberal or Conservative, has always been an outstanding citizen.Following the last elections, in forming his Cabinet, the Right Honorable Mr.King was able to choose for one of the most important and responsible portfolios in his Government an ardent supporter, who, as a Member of the Opposition, showed considerable promise.Mr.King believes in encouraging youth.His Cabinet is made tip both of men who have had experience, and the younger men who possess the qualifications required of those who were called upon to co-operate with the head of the Government in the elaborating and carrying out of Liberal policies.The Minister of National Revenue is the nation's Colleetor-in-Chief.He has an army of officials stationed at points throughout the Dominion, whose duty it is to collect and safeguard the revenues.They are a loyal and devoted band of officials.The Minister's principal executives, who administer the important branches of his Department, are: Mr.Hugh D.Scully, Commissioner of Customs; Mr.Colin Fraser Elliott, Commissioner of Income Tax: and Mr.David Sim, Commissioner of Excise.They are highly regarded as competent administrators.They were appointed to their present positions because of their knowledge of administration.They appreciate the responsibility and arduous nature of the duties which the ministerial head of the Department is called upon to perform and loyally co-operate with him in every way.The present Minister of National Revenue is one of the two youngest members of the Cabinet.His colleague, the Minister of Labor, is a few months his junior.The older members of the Party to which they belong look upon them as fortunate young men.who are qualified by temperament and training to render valuable services to their country and party.Their appointment met with universal approval.Because of conditions both the Ministers of National Revenue and Labor have a very difficult task to perform.They are fortunately in their early prime and will certainly do their utmost to merit the confidence reposed in them by their Chief and the electors.James Lorimer Ilsley was born on January 3rd, 1894, in the pleasant little town of Somerset.His parents are botn Conadians.Young James, as soon as he reached the required age, entered the public schools of his native town.Being a very likable youngster, he quickly made friends.His charm and willingness to help earned him the respect of the lads in the several classes he entered while at the elementary school.After completing his elementary studies he entered the Berwick High School.He was an apt pupil and assimilated without any difficulty the branches of knowledge taught by the excellent teachers at the high school.Following his graduation from the high school, he entered Acadia University.Although one of the smaller universities, it it renowned throughout the Dominion for the soundness of its curriculum, the high standard of its teaching staff and the sound methods they follow.During his studies at Acadia he enlarged his circle of friends and the several professors, under whom he studied, freely predicted a splendid career for him.The members of the Faculty of Acadia watch with interest the careers of their brilliant students.After receiving his Arts degree, young James decided that the legal profession was the one that he was qualified to follow with success.He entered as un undergraduate in the.Lav.' Faculty of Dalhousie and attentively followed the course of studies prescribed.Passing examinations was an easy thing for him because of his highly trained mind.He was admitted a member of the Bar and became head of the law film of Ilsley and Archibald.He quickly made a reputation for himself, and his clients and friends felt that he was destined to occupy a larger place in the community than that enjoyed by the average practising barrister.His clients had the utmost confidence in his ability and knowledge.After consulting him they left his office feeling that, although he may not have practised law as long as those who were senior to him, his knowledge of law and judgment were such as to justify their confidence.As his circle of friends grew, the stronger became their determination that he should enter public life.Possessed of a logical mind and being an effective speaker, he took an active part in several elections.At the meetings he addressed on behalf of his Party, he acquitted himself so creditably that the enthusiasm of his friends and admirers became such as to make them all the more determined to get him into the House of Commons.He was first elected at the general elections of 1926.When he entered th House he was quite a stripling.His manner was such, however, that a number of veterans in the House were certain that Ilsley would be heard from in the very near future.He became quite popular.He took part in the debates and attracted the attention of his Leader as well as Members on the other side.Although one of the youngest Members of the House, when he rose to speak he was listened to with marked attention.His speeches gave evidence of a cultivated mind.He sat through the four years from 1926-30 and had no difficulty in being re-elected, notwithstanding the defeat of his Party which was succeeded by the Bennett administration.During the period he sat as a Member of the Opposition, he acquired a great deal of valuable information and became quite an authority on Parliamentary Procedure.He took part in some of the most important debates and enhanced his reputation as a forceful speaker and able critic.His constituents, who read his addresses and watched his rise as one of the prominent members of his Party, were satisfied that, when a change of government took place, their Member would be taken into the Cabinet.Their hopes in this respect were certainly fulfilled since, when Mr.King formed his Cabinet, he lost no time in asking the rising young politician from Nova Scotia to take charge of the Department he has presided over since his appointment with so much success.Mr.Ilsley has the air of a student.He is tall, and, being of fair complexion, looks even younger than his age.His modesty and affability have endeared him to the members of his staff and the employees who, in the performance of their duties, have occasion to meet him.Mr.Ilsley would, no doubt, give a great deal of credit for the success he has achieved, professionally and politically, to his charming wife.Miss Evelyn Wil-helmina Smith, daughter of Mrs.W.A.Smith, of Kentville, was a May bride.Her marriage took place on May 14th, 1919.There are two children, issue of their union, and they adore their kind-hearted dad, who is always ready to play with them when time permits.Mr.Ilsley was appointed Minister of National Revenue and sworn in as a member of the Privy Council on October 23rd of last year.He has not yet had an opportunity of demonstrating in the measure of his ability how well qualified he is for the position he holds, but the addresses he has delivered since his inclusion in the Cabinet, both in the Dominion and the United States, indicate not only an appreciation of his responsibilities but a readiness to give the best that is in him ip the service of his country and fellow citizens.His appointment to the Cabinet should encourage the youth of our country of both sexes to qualify themselves for holding high office.Mr.King, who was one of the youngest members of the Cabinet when first appointed, has never failed to encourage the young men and women of the Dominion to develop the qualities of leadership.Mr.Ilsley is a member of the Halifax Club, the Commercial Club of the LE MONDE OUVRIER The Labor World Rédigé en collaboration Le porte-parole des ouvriers organisés de la province de Québec The Bilingual Mouthpiece of the Province of Quebec Organized Workers Member of the International Labor Pro»» Membre de la Presse internationals Ouvrière d'Amérique BEN.DROLET Gérant de la circulation Circulation Manager Tél.LAncaster 3858 Salon de Fleurs St-Denis 1590, RUE SAINT-DENIS, (Edifice du Théâtre St-Denis) Spécialités: Bouquets de Noces, Tributs Floraux Escompte «le 10% aux lecteurs du "Monde Ouvrier” Mme J.Z.PILON.Rés, HArbour 7901 The Canadian Converters Company, Limited 470 LAGAUCHETIERE ST.WEST MONTREAL A lesson from the depression—Be a Civil Servant—Postman, Customs Examiner, Clerk, Stenographer, etc.Free Booklet "How to get a Government Job.” M.C.C.Civil Service School, Toronto (10) Amherst Winnipeg DOMINION Limited Head Office and Works at LA CHINE, P.Q.Branch Works: Ottawa Toronto Calgary Vancouver BRIDGE CO A GREAT CANADIAN INDUSTRY DOMINION TEXTILE CO.LIMITED same city, and, when time permitted, was an ardent Kiwanian.He is politically at tire treshold of his career.He has reached what many much older than he is and longer in political life only attained after a great many years.His success is due to his ability, understanding of national problems, and readiness to make whatever sacrifice may be required of him by his eminent leader in the governing of this great dominion.THE RUIN OF THE SHOE INDUSTRY The independent organizations of shoe workers have practically ruined the cities of Boston.Lynn and Salem so far as the shoe industry is concerned.In 1929 Boston had at least 35 representative shoe concerns and today there are only about 4 shoes factories left in the City of Boston, with the result that Boston is no longer considered a shoe manufacturing center.Most of the concerns have either liquidated or moved to some small town.Many of those who moved from Boston did so to take advantage of low labor costs elsewhere, while others moved out on account of the unbusinesslike manner in which the so-called United Shoe and Leather Workers’ Union officials condus-ted their organization.Boston at one time was one of the largest shoe manufacturing centers and we are quite sure that a number of the companies which left the city could be induced to return if they were assured of uninterrupted production, brought about by short-sighted union misieaders.That assurance can be had because there are thousands of shoe workers in the city of Boston who would welcome an opportunity to work.Our Leading ; Amusement ; Places ; 4 : ' " -¦' ?Dans nos • Théâtres * ?a PALACE 2nd WEEK Edna Ferber’s “SHOW BOAT” What Stars! IRENE DUNNE, ALLAN JONES Charles WINNINGER, Paul ROBESON, Helen MORGAN CAPITOL WILLIAM POWELL and JEAN ARTHUR in “Ex-Mrs.Bradford” plus! Times Square Playboy WARREN WILLIAM \ PRINCESS THEATRE 2nd WEEK Grace MOORE “THE KING STEPS OUT’’ with FRANCHOT TONE Added Attraction “Dangerous Intrigue” 10-1, 25c; 1-6.35c.— Week Days Saturday & Sunday Aft.: 40c; 6-11, 80c.Faites vos achats de MERCERIES et VETEMENTS [ÀSHÎON-PRAFT chez LECHASSEUR, Limitée 974 ouest, rue Sainte-Catherine 281 est, rue Sainte-Catherine 375 ouest, rue Saint-Jacques J.SYLYIO MATHIEU SERVICE DE TOILETTE Tabliers, Jaquettes.Gilets, Nippes, Napkins, Serviettes de bir-liiers, etc., et tout autre artlclo a l'usage de la toilette.LINGE DE FAMILLE A LA LIVRE Buanderie: 1871, rue CARTIER Tél.: AMherst 8566 Résidence: 3851, rue Danduraat TéL: CL&irval 2230 IMPERIAL OIL All Imperial product* are manufactured In Canada bj Canadian Workmen, at onr nix modern Refineries one of which Is located at Montreal East.LIMITED 77ie Windsor Hotel ON DOMINION SQUARE MONTREAL J.ALDERIC RAYMOND Vice-Président Wire* and Cables—Telephone Apparat tns—Fire Alarm and Police Signalling System* — Radio Transmitting and Receiving Equipment.Made In Canada by Northern Electric riant nnd General Offlci MONTREAL, P.Q.