The Montreal witness, 13 janvier 1866, samedi 13 janvier 1866

[" Vou.XXL.TELEGRAPHIC NEWS, Arrival of the 8.8.CANADA.\u201d Hanrax, uth\u2014The steamer * Canada,\u201d from Liverpool, on 23rd, vie Queenstown, 24th Dec, Has arrived, Her dates are two days later thun :hose already received.Liverroot.Dec.23rd, evening.\u2014The stcamer Scotia,\u201d from New York, arrived here at noon to-day.Tue Stock Exchange and all the markets are closed, this being Christmas time.The correspondence between Mr.Adams and \u201carl Clarendon was published to-day.It is volu- ninous, and occupies 8 culumnsof the Times.!ncluded in the correspondence is the suggestion of Mr.Adams that wlien the \u201c Shenaudoab\u201d arrived iu Liverpool the British Government should have tuken sume action against her crew.Lord Clarendon replies that there was nothing to justify any action, unless against such of the crew as might be British subjects; and be says that the naval officer at Liverpool was fully ratified that the crew were all foreigners, und that there were none known to be British sub- jrets on board.The London (lobe highly eulogizes General Graut's official report, and says it is à very able, «lear, and etrikingly modest document, frankly admitting failures and losses, and doing full jus- \u201cve to his opponents.At Cork, on the Zlst December, Char- I's Underwood O'Connell wus found guilty of treason and felony he was sentenced + 10 years\u2019 penal servitude.O'Connell made an eloquent speech, and, after being sentenced, expressed the earnest hope, that there would be an ~xchange of prisuners before his sentence ex- rired.Loxvox, Dec.24.\u2014The Fenian, Barr, convicted at Dublin, has been removed to the Dartmoor prison.COMMERCIAL.The following shows the closing tone of the wurketon Friday evening, 23rd :\u2014Manchester Market firmer for goods and yarns, with an advancing tendency.Liverpool Breadstufis Market flat, with a downward tendency.\u201cet is quiet and steady.Bacon declining.Lonbox, Friday evening, Dec.22.\u2014Consols closed at 87ÿ to 87].Money\u20145-20's G6! to 53: + 1H, C.82 to 821 ; Eric 68) to .\u2014Bourse inanaimate, and FURTHER BY THE 8.8.\u201cCANADAS Great Buraiv\u2014Further diplomatic corres.jondence between Mr.Adams and the British Foreign Secretary is published respecting the *Bea King\u2019 or \u2018\u201cShenandoah,\u201d under date of Nov.21.Si.Adams says he is instructed to state that the proposition of lier Majesty's Gov- «rament for creating a joint-commision is respectfully declined.Un December 2nd Enri Clarendon, writing to Mr.Adams, says, Her Majesty's Government consider that no advantage can result from prolonging the controversy, of which the topics are fully exhausted, hut which might possibly, if continued, intriduce acrimony into the relations of England and the United States.Earl Clarendon persists, however, in asserting that England has never devint- ed from her duties as a neutral power, and he declares how strongly Her Majesty's (tovernment and the people of England desire to he in lose friendship with the United States.Virtre ally this correspondence leaves the question of American claims on England suspended.The steamer * Ibes,\u201d belonging to Cork, was wrecked near that port, and about twenty lives were lost.The Times thinks there are strong reasons to etermine Congress against exempting the existing Federal bonds from local taxation.| The trial of Callal:an Holmes ('Lleardon, Inte captain of the Federal army, resulted in a ver- diet of acquittal.The Court, on the 22nd, ad- joarned ll the 23th, Perfect tranquillity prevailed at Cork.Sie Henry Storks is formally gazetted as Capt \u201cain- General and Governor of Jamaica, pending the prosecution of certnin inquiries, Itussell Gurnay, M.P., and Recorder of London, consent- ~] to serve as a member of the commission.The Timer says, the appointment of Gurney proves 8 desire on the part of the (Government that the inquiry should be conducted in the most impartial manner, he steamer \u201cGreat Britain,\u201d from Australin ind arrived at Liverpool with about half a million pounds sterling in gold.The Patis Patrice says France and England have not offered mediation to Spain in the Chil- ian question but their good offices only, which have been accepted by Spain.Praxce.\u2014The weekly returns of the Bank of I'rance show an incrase in bullion of over thirteen and a half\u2019 million francs.It is confirmed that the French Government .-solves to withdraw from the extradition treaty with Fogland.The treaty expires in June next.The troubles with the students in Paris stil) - ontinues, Lectures of the faculties on law and medicine wore resumed on the 21st, but the professors ware unable to procesd, owing to the noise made ty the students, The latest degpatches gay hat the agitation wong the students was diminishing.A Paria telegram says, the report of the Fi- Lance Minister was expected to be issued on the 2nd, It states that the year 1865 will clore with positive equilibrium, and probably a small cteess ; and that 18¢6 and 1867, in consequence of reductions in expenditure, will show an ex- eras of thirty nillion francs, to be carried to the winking fund, which fund is henceforth to be \u201cpl to a reduction of the public debt.Bourse dull at 68f 370.Baraiem.\u2014The Chamber of Deputies unani- aously voled the & civil list at three millions three hun thousand francs per annum, Traty.=The Chaniber of Deputies adopted the provisional budget, with an amendment reduc- tag the period of its application from three to monthe.They also approved of a proposal Liverpool provision Mar- |; N iry cinto the public wl- peignation of the Ministers, shaving accepted the re- Gen.La Vurmora is entrusted with! forn Partiaaen ministration.7 ia confirmed, he signation.the formation of a ow Cabinet, Arstiia-\u2014\u2014In the Lower House of the 1funga- rian Diet, Count Asdrassy, the nowly-vlected President, made an mngneal speech, in which he urged that the rights of the Hungarians were in unison with the ests of the Empire, but that Parliamentary « atralization was opposed to those rights.The sim of the people should not be the triumph oïlvngary, but the consolidation of the power of Austrin, while the rights of his Majesty should be kept in view, DEsuauk.\u2014The bil: for the reform of the Constitution was finally alopted in the Rigsrad.It must, however.be passed by the two next sessions of Rigsrad Lefe becoming a law, Turkey.\u2014A great revoit of Circassian euti- grants had taken pl.-¢ at Mouseh, ami many lives were lost.CONNERCIAL.London Money Mark:ts.~Consuls were firm, but the business of the \u201ctock Exchange was quite of a holidny character.The full demand for discount at bank rates ws unchanged.Livenrart.Dec.92.evening.\u2014-Hreadstulfs\u2014 Richardson, Spence, & Co.and others, report flour dull, with a dowsward tendency.Wheat \u201cniet, and nominal ; winter red, 10s 3d to 10s 11d.Corn heavy: n¥ied, 205 to 308.Provisions.\u2014Higlanl, Althya, & Co, and others, report beef firm.Pork quiet: market Lare.Bacon very dui, and declined 2s to 3s.Lard dull; sales for toring delivery at GOs to 623 5d.Butter very 1511.Tallow casier, at a decline of od Prodne et and steady.Sugars quiet but firmer.Coftesteady, Rice very dull, Linseed still advancipg.Linseed cakes ste Sperm oil.no sales.Mpirits turpentine, sales small, Pe m «quiet at 38 24 to 3s 5d.wm \u2014Barings' quote bread- Iron tirm.Suzar has turpentine de oleum steady at 3s 6d perm off geminal, Tallow decline 4 Quevkr, Jun, S.\u2014À #.t bas been commenced in the Superior Court tv test the legality of thee recent tection «© \u201crectors of the [nion lank.The January G- fur this district copra tice Maguire prosidn tains he names of term of the Court, ceny, wounding, of as that there \u201cre eleve nisance to answor 20 them.The extreme «6 four nights, 2 un exposed situatim i Session: of the l'eace .this morning, Mr.Jus- The gaol calendar con- 5.sers fur triul at this re charged with lar- wb The bail, list show versons under recog- \u2018fooe preferred against Lafr ow lasted four days and \u201cb the tLermiumeter in Uvper Town las gone down atnizl:t as low 21 degrees below zero, and by day hi \u201csea higher than 20 degrees below \u201ce key of the harbor is frozen « le new pier to the print, At not lung remain Statiorary tie key having given way.hanks! is y open and as ly briiged abuve, free cflarge progeat lard frost a smautb, a-gertalle bridge may be Ths Arctic\u201d ferry steamer \u2018voip \u2018his side to tle Grand wo \u2018ques were afterwards to he tetrace crossing towards Qucaps wiarf.The whole river is now «moh, frepug over, and muy, it undisturbe-].take in une! sheet at slackwater.\u2014 Meanwhile, WII the availglle strength of the vi police as withozi i by geact of Parlinment is being dined reves the canoes or steam- the riverise ire 30 that with and, theretor: looked crossed at ers from \"+ with the formation of a bridge.' Naw Yo.~=A1 tis late interview with don, Gio, Sweeney stated that monthe age he advived and .rged Col.(Mahoney to open à sorretpender th Gen.l\u2019bil Sheri- dure for the pore nf ;laciog him at the head of ibe Jeniun ain.offering himself to take any + inne [- testant pulpit in this city, that would tend promote such disconrtesy.andacions irevore ence and mnliciotaness as be complains of.am prepared 10 expect a great deal of ignom aml misconception, among Roman Catholi = resccting the character of l'rotestant tenchin .but | would expect a Bishop who lectures us on our © bigotry and intolerance\u201d to be better ic- forme, and more charitable in his jedgme than to utter statements that will he regarded a gross slander by every Protestant in the city And | have no hesitation in saying that thes is more in such communications as this from Bishop Lyneh to foster intolerance and bigotcy than in all the teaching of ali the Protestas: ministers in Toronto.Of the \u201clodges\u201d I sx) nothing, because [know very little.They eat.speak for themselves, The charge of intuler- nnce and bigotrs, comes with a singularly bo: ace from a minister of the only denomination in Canada which anathematizes all who do not yield unquestioning submission to her authority \u2014and which in every country on the face of ta: earth, where the Government is controlled Li lier principles and spirit, denies liberty of cra- scivnee, freedom of worship, and freedom © thought, Lo ir anything Las been done which is jar ground of complaint, the snme resources a open to Bidkiep Lynch and every Boman Cathe lie, as to any one elev, Unidos ov free Cover - wrt and liber] institutions, there is justice ter their t Ne one, we trust, Will be found tu screen from desert the miscreant who is really guilty.+ any one does what i- wrong, let him suffer for the wrong that he does.And if Bishop Lynel: knows of any Protestant minister who utter from his pulpit sentiments tending to prome\u2019 insult and malicionaness, tet him bold such + one responsible, aud Loli him np to just coa- demnation in any way he plenscs; but let hus not for & moment supose thnt the character of the teaching of tho different Trois stant Churches in Canada not too well ki we io allow his ai- legations to be regarded othr wie than as unjust and slanderous accusaticus\u2014the offepring of that * bigotry ai © «be affects deprecate.I am, vours ly, E.Il.Dawazr, Pastor of the Elm St.Wo leyan Church, Toront 26 Contemporary Press.SPIRIT OF THE EUROPEAN PRESS.THE COMING NEYORM BILL.There can be no doubt that the ministerial rrogsamme for the Partiamentary session to be orened on the first February next, will include » Reform Bill.Earl Russell and bis colleagues came inw office pivdged to this measure ; and, though the failure of 1560 left them no other course than to place the question in abeyance during the sitting of the last Parliament, they could not actas faithful ministers of the Crown, if they did not remew the attempt on the meet- \u2018ng of a new Parliament.The character and extect of the measure proposed, are necessarily 4 matter of speculation at present, but, s0 far as may be guessed.it will include a lowering of the electoral qualification to a rental of five or xix poundsin the boroughs.and ten pounds in the ccunties.A scheme fur the redistribution ef seats may be added ; but, as many small boroughs, perhaps better disenfranchised, are represented by Liberals who would otherwise vote for the Bill, t woald be perhaps safer to omit this part, tho.igh, without it, all the anomalies snd in- mualities of the present state of the representation would be left untouched, aud the whole question be as far from a final eettlement ax ever, The obances of success which the Lill wil] have mustbe regarded as problematicsl.Of course the pure Tory party.of whom Mr.Newdegate and Lord Cranbourne are the leaders, will resist \u2018in measure to the utmost.Hoth the Conserva- twe and the Liberal party are greatly divided wwiween themselves, nnd the chances for or ig.nit the bill are thns nearly balanced.THE BUNDAY LEAGUE, The endeavors of the Sunday League to throw vjen she London museum and galleries to the working people on Sabbath have been re- spended to by two mass meetings of London artisans, to let it be known that the proposal is pot in accordance with their wishes.They are vey anxious for the opening of such places on \u2018he evenings of week days, and for the shorten- og of the hours of labor ; and they are afraid tut the Sunday agitation may diminish the \u2018harce of their obtaining these benefits.Much \u2018ecling bas been excited againet the anti-Satila- | arians by the violent lurguage they leap on hr opponents.THE CONTINUED WR IX SRW ZEALAND.Tt.c last mail from New Zealand brings most ut.wcicome news.The jwace proclamation latcly issued by the Governor is laughed at by | she natives.The messenger employed in distri- duting copies of it bas beeu murdered, and brisk sreparations are being mads by the hostile tribes 1 recover the Waikato territory, with the conques: of which the rebellion was supposed to have beca finally aud efectually crusbed.It is strange that a highly intellizent zace of men, suck up the Maor's unguaestionably are, should refer waging « hopeless war to submitting \u2018hemselres to the established Government, unless heir bitter complaints of oppression have me foendation.Mr, Roebuck de.Lares that it \u20182 +be duty, and urqaestionably the intention.of tbe cadonists > New Zealand to dispossess the \\borigimes of ti»:r entire territory, and hints Ibat tbe sooner they wie enabled to accomplish this desuhle result the Letter.Whether the Culcrets have or have not acted upon this doc- trie cannot be 101d; but the resumption of hos- ilities by those who were s'tnpaved to be vanquished manif distrust of English ju «od English merey, for which Buglishmen would! gladly discover a satisfactory explanation.JAMAICA, ABwrs is Jamaica claim a large share of the attention of the Uritish press, The last mail brought intelligence of the introduction of mes- «ures for the abolition of the Constitution.The two Houses of the Legislature are to be set aside, and ingtead of them is to he created a single Chamber, partly pominated, partly elected, wath only a single official in it, and that person appointed by the Governor.A bill had also been troduced for the registration of dissenting meeting bouses and schoule, which would virtually bave the côvet of taxing the negro populstion.The first of these mcasures is so an-Engkeb, and th: second so unjust, that they are almost cnssimour]y conderuned by the press On the augpension of CJuvernur Eyre, opinions are more divided.Some think thatit will base à bad effect upon the people, leading them to be- Yieve wat Mr.Eyre \u2018s already condemned ; but tbe majority upprove of the step, thinking that this iogairy ould not be satisfactorily carried oo wide Le continued Governor.DEATH OP KING LEOPOLD.\u2018The gery of King Leopold consists in his have og governed liclgium for twenty years us the most perfect model vf a constitutions! sovercign.In Uri repeat be inone of the few men who, during à ag life, and vndee no ordinary trials and vicigaitoder, have perficily fulfilled the promises of yostd.When fivr-and-tweuty years of age he was palecied x the filing busband of a wo- @ap whe, had she lived, would have been à con- stituticnsl queen; nnd now, at the ripe age of sceanty-fivo years, he his died, not merely in save à constitutional king, but almost the only wumards om the coulivent who had, in recent Names, etondfastiy and faithfully maistained the vonstiution he was pledged to support.er \u2018THE MONTREAL WITNESS.THE DUKE UF ARGYLE AND THE LABOR QUESTION.(From the Glasgow Heraldy\u2014Conse:.ative.) The Industrial Exhibition, promoted by the workingmen of Glasgow, is very creditable to their taste and skill, and quite worthy of being opened by a distinguished nobleman like the duke of Argyle.His address on Tuesday night was an elaborate exposition of the more prominent agencies that are now in operation, modifying the conditions and results of labor.These Le classified as the agency of legislation ; the agency of union ; of municipal government ; aud of individual thought and action.That legislation can be beneficially applied to labor be illustrated by the laws that had been enacted restricting the working hours of fuctories, and the protection which was extended by the Legisln- ture to the voung persons of both sexes employed in these estublishments.These ennct- ments bore upon a special condition of things that had arisen out of the vast increase of the industry of the country in a remarkally short period of time.There are, no doubt, still cases of vouthful labor where the same restrictions might Le as usefully applied, though it cannot Le denied that workingmen are now strong enough to effect the abject themselves, if they set about it with a tithe of the energy hy which strikes are carried out.His Grace might have referred to the legislation regarding mines and miners as à further illustration of his principle.Thiriy years ago women were employed in mines; and at a still later period children scarcely out of their petticoats, were forced hy the capidity of their parents into the pits, and compelled to take part in an employment which is the most dangerous, and, for youths of tender years, the most degrading of all.AI this, to the honor of humanity, has been altered by Act of Purlimment ; but it can scarcely be said that in these extreme casez there was any interfer ence with the rights of workmen.Legislators may protect those who are incompetent from their Mears to protect themselves, and may and vught ta provide for labor being conducted under conditions which are not injerious to the iv But beyond this they conditions of labor.And they do look to themselves.The tendency for several years past has not been to increase, but to materially decrease the hours of work: and this has been brought about by workmen, and masters too, discovering : that rensonable hours are, after all, the most eco- | nomic.The agency eof legislation therefore is, and { must alwayz be, very limited in affecting the | great Inbor question ; and the same observation | may be made with reference to the influence of : municipn] government.We indorse all that his Grace says regarding the growing importance j of towns, und the responsibilities of the govern ing bodies in connection with them.We are only {sorry so little public spirit is evinced by very { many men of the highest position and intelligence in our large cities.who seem to shun rather than court & place in the local Parliament and local Cabinet.Ail.however, that authorities of our large centres of industry and population can do to affect the labor question, must be of À very remote character.We can scarcely admit that it ig their duty to provide model cottages for workingmen ; or, indeed, specially to promote the interests of any one class of the community which they govern.In all large cities, bow- ever, there is ample scope for the application of the sanitary luws to the dwellings of the people ; and so far ne this relates to the workingman problem.municipal government may be looked upon a3 an agent only distantly affecting the question.Co-orer.51, + inations, and uuions are the rob parative agencies which are at the present time modifying the conditions of labor.\u2014 These spring from the workingmen themselves.They buve been struck out by their own energies, and whatever social philosophers may thunk of them their importance ut all events can ecarcely beoverrated.Trades\u2019 Unions have not ag yet been productive of many good results, but the persisteacy with which the operatives have cling to them shows the confidence they repose ups the principle on which they are bused, The truth i: that thes have been hitherto, asa geacral rule, indiscreetls managed, and have ton often leva the worst enemicz of free In- bor tint the operative has had to encounter.\u2014 1f these combinations are now showing signs of a radical reform, it is due to the labors of social economists, Wwhu buve been zealous, in season and out of season, in pointing out the vicious principles upon which they were administered.The Trades\u2019 Union is the parent of co-operation, which appears to ua to be the true field in which combinations of workingmen can be beneficially exercised.But though the parent, the child is very unlike the father.Unions have generally bad for their object the enforcement of a restriction upon the right of industry ; but co-ope: tion extends the frontiers of labor, and digni the artisan by making him master as well as workman, It seeka to stay the internecine strife that has always raged between capital and labor, by combining the interests of the two antagonists in the only effectual way in which they cau be combined.There is another agent at work 10 which the Duke of Argyle did not refer, but which, under present circumstances, is not unworthy of notice, It is the great interest which the question on which his (Grace spoke has cxcited amongst the upper clases.The workingman, in fact, occupies rather an enviable position in the social relations of the day.He seems to be the trump card of all political parties.The Conservatives pat him on the back, the Liberals eloquently dilate on what they have done for him, and the Tadicals expatiato on what they shall yet accomplish on his behalf.The aristocracy are rather ford of singing his praises.Dukes recog.mize him as à brotheron the platform; Lords willingly acknowledge tho same relationship at tho same piace ; and down through the whole gamut of upper life we find (he same disposition 10 makes pet, or rather an idol, of thin worthy represcntative of the industry of the country.«Tbe Hon.Ambrose Shea, of Newfoundland, Lina written a fetter to the Halifax Citizen, in which he wishes itto be understood that neither he not bis brother delogate to the Quebec Conference (Hon.Mr.Carter) have changed their convictions in favor of Confederation, and asserts that he gave bis constituents warning that he * would vot accept an election that would compromise his views on the subject.\u201d BELGIUM.(Paris Correspondent of Montreal Herald) For the moment, at least, Cwsar does nut think of making a Belgian campaign.I is not, notwithstanding their patriotism, that Belgium could offer an invincible resistance; a French army could occupy Brussels in eight duys.An- vers only, could arrest the progress of an army for a few mouths.Nor ig it respect fur che King which restrains Napoleon II.; that would be a new foible fur him.La it the fear of exciting a general war in Europe?At present it is with difticulty the weak could find support, Never hus the doctrine of rue victis been more cynically practised, and no mation would take the trouble to forbid or avenge Belgium, which would be annexed before Britain's eyes, as were the Duchies to Prussia, dismembered like Denmark, or partitioned like l\u2019oland.No more wart friendship for conquered nations.Napoleon [11 might, with the utmost impunity, invade this small State and appropriate it.And yet he is obliged to restrain his desires, Why?Because Belgium is a free country; the habit of liberty would render impossible the yoke to which she would be subjected; there would be protests, risings, and these would perhaps gain the greater part of the nation, and revolution would become general.This is the only cause of the wisdom of the Emperor.Belginm is defended only by its liberty, This small nation gives at the present moment an example to Europe.The death of Leopold disorganized power; the young King will not be Sovereign till Sunday when he will take the oath to the constitution of the country.Till then the interr- ;awm is prolunged.The Bel- giuns know the longings on the part of powerful neighbors, of which they are the objects; their army is too small in numbers to into the struggle except as a supreme protest ; without frontiers, and with an open country, they yet have not shown the least emotion: they Save faith in their destiny.The Belgian nation lus given proofof a calm and confident dignity ; forit has shown that the constitution of the young kingdom had struck deep root, and was something more than one of those political com- Dinationg which are made and unmade at will.Belgium is no longer the work of a congress or of a man, it is the work of a people.How well it bas acted in preferring its tranquil liberty to the glorious slavery of the French, their neck- bleeding with the marks of the collar which wounds them! When they write, silence! warnings! the journals groan, and the contagion of despotism is so great that it makes itself felt even in Belgium, to which may be tenced the expulsion of Rogeard.The Belgians drive from them an annexation wbich would bring slavery.EQUAL SUFFRAGE IN THE DISTRICT.(From W'ushington Cor.in N.F.Independent.) The opponents of equal suffrage are fighting their cause with a variety of weapons.An attempt has been made to break down every citizen who has identified himself with the reform by the use of the vilest personalities.All this bas helped the cause of equal suffrage ; for members of Congress who were doubting how to vote are provoked by this bitterness to do the very thing which the citizens depreeate.It is claimed that the President will veto an equal suffrage bill if it should pass.Some of the prominent citizens of Washington profess to have an assurance from him that he will save them from the terrible consequences of impartial suffrage.The story is not worth a moment's attention.The chief danger isthat Congress will find an excuse for not legislating at all upon the subject.Some of the Republican members from Penn- avivania, Ohi ul: arcafraid of the home sentiment, Meo slo coe from districts where there is a majority against impartial suffrage somewhat naturally hesitate over passing an equal suffrage bill for the District of Columbia.There is, in addition to this class, another, which is most anxiously looking to the President.\u2014 They desire to vote ro as lo please him; and they are suspecting that the President would like to be saved from signing such a bill.Some of thix class of Republicans come from the State of New York\u2014one of them from your city.In xpite of all these drawbacks, there is à very fair prospect that a Lill admitting classes of colored men to vote will pass both Honses, The Alexandria riot nffords the opponents of immediate restoration a fine argument.It was unquestionably a fair indication of the sentiment of a large class of young men at the South toward the Government and the colored people.The rebels who paraded the streets of Alexandria hurrahed first for Jeff.Davis: and followed the checes with groans for the freedmen.Unfortunately their demonstrations were not confined to groans; they shot at all black men in the strects, and broke up peaceable meetings composed of colored men.The same power\u2014that of the sword\u2014that overthrew the rebellion was invoked to put down the riot at Alexandria, and it succeeded.The outbreak is A shock to the rose-colored theorists, who insist that it is timo to welcome back the * wayward sisters\u201d into Congress.It is now asserted that the President will not urge the admission of the Southern claimants into Congress, if an exception is made of Tennessee, This is the argument privately urged for the speedy admission of the Tennessee delegation.The Reconstruction (\u2018ommittee wilt have his question thrust upon them for their consideration next week, LETTER FROM WASHINGTON.Wasmwoton, Jan.3, 1868, The Internal Revenue receipts since the first of January have been unusually large.Yesterday they were four million two hundred and fifty thousand dollars, and to-day they were one million eight hundred thousand dollars.The State Department has received from our Minister to Chili inteltigeuce which confirms the account of the capture of a Spanish war vessol hy the Chilian corvette \u201c Esmerald.\u201d The Spanish blockade has been partly raised, owing to the absence of the blockading squadron, which bad gone to Peru, where frosh difMicultion wero anticipated between the Spanish Admirel ,aod the present Dictator of Peru.The War Department issued an onder to-day mustering out {hirty-four regiments and light batteries, half of them colored troops.The Navy Dopartment haa received the report of James B.Eads, of 8t.Louis, well knows asa contractor for buildiag lron-elads, who bas beso January 13, 1866.to Europe to examine the inn-clad navies of Great Britain.He is of opinion that while our monitors are unequalled fur Larbor defence, the British irou-cluds would prove more than a match for them in the open ocean.They give heavy broadsides from fixed easements strongly proteelcd.Jolu Ferguson, of Charleatun, 8.C., formerly owner of the * Planter,\u201d has applied for possession of the steamer, claiming that she was stolen by negroes and captured from them by our block ading squadron ; that he bad taken the Amuesty Outh and the steamer should be restored to him with his other property.General Saxton, hav- irg been called upon to investigate the affuir, reports that the * Planter\u201d was employed by the rebels to transport troops, arms, and ammunition daring our attack on Charleston.While in this service she was gallantly bronght past the bel batteries and surrendered to Admiral Du Pont by a slave named Robert Small.The steamer has since been repaired at a cost of $40,- 000, and is employed by the Quartermasters Department.Small, for bravery displayed since bis surrender of the \u201c Planter,\u201d has been placed in command of the vessel, Government contracted to-day for 20,000 barrels of flour at prices ranging from $10 to $10.50.Large quantities were offercd at these rates Hoston Journal.OUR COMMERCIAL POSITION.We ask the attention 0\u2019 our readers to the fullowing able article on tie commercial position of Canada, which we copr from tbe Montreal Herald.It will repay peusal :\u2014 The Toronto Leader ht nn article on this subject in which it expreses the opinion that the Government of the Uiited States is nctuated by a spiris of retalistion against Canada, either directly or vicariously, br the enmity which that Government experi:nced, from our side during the late civil war.After mentioning the other acts of the authorities at Washington which it believes to have oeen inspired by this same hostile spirit, the Leader by a figure which, we hope, is something too strong, says thut the repeal of the Reciprocity T:vaty is the luat straw upon ti camel's back.It is usually understood that the last straw broke the camel's back, and, we trust, that our vertebral arrangements will survive even this infliction.Nevertheless wedo believe that these measures of which the Leader complains are calculated to produce, as that journal says, * temporarily,\u2019 but as we fear permanently, some * depressing effects\u201d upon our interests; and we think that our contemporary is not very far wrong when he imputes these measures, at least to a gremt extent, to a sentiment of bostility induced by daily expressions of hatred and contempt for our neighbors and their government With these the leader and many more of our newspapers abounded, and with them the ~peeches of some of our public men were filled, during four years of dark days in the United States.A friend of ours indeed who went to Washington to see for himself what were the chances of the renewal of the treaty, was told with exultation by some of those who bad steadily opposed it before it was negotiated and as steadily so ght its abrogation ever since that time, that the Canadians bad done for them what they could never bave done for themselves,\u2014secured the abrogation of the treaty beyond any peradventure, The Zeuder, however, besides the remarks which we have already noted, goes on to express an opinion that the Americans will like ourselves suffer from the abrogation of the treaty, whichis quite certain, only that there would be a great difference in the comparative degree of suffering ; and then it adds that it doed not say these things to convince tbe Americans of the impolicy of their course, but to prepare the loyalty of tic country against the effect of the pecuniary loses to which our people must make up their mind.We suppose that no one's loyalty is likely 0 be disturbed by the loss of the treaty.We shall doubtless continue to do without it as we did before we had lt; but we must be pormitted to suggest to the Leader and to those who adopted its course that there in ill grace in appeals from them to the people of this country to ¢ndurc patiently a loss which those polilicians did so much to occasion.What wae pure to happen we pointed out Lo these writers over and over again, without being able to convince them that the pleasure of abusing for a brief period à nation to whom they could do no scrious injury would be dearly paid for at the expense of incurring the enmity of people who have so many opportunities of seriously isjuring us, even while standing strictly withic their own right.This they arc plainly doing when they abrogate the Reciprocity Treaty.They are in no way bound to grant itand they are in no way bound to continue it, and, however much we may be convinced that they are withdrawing a favor because they cherish a feeling of resentment, it is no legitimate cause of complaint on our side that, acting io à matter wbere tbey are confessedly masters, they act according to their own pleasure.The grumbling as if we were injured because we are refused a request which any nation can grant or refute at ita pleasure, and which few have ever hud the good sense or libe- ality to grant, must he regarded as a folly.It is only a little Loss su than at the same time to show every manifestation of ill-will, and then expect the object of thisavowed dislike to make a return in acts of friendship, and measures for an increase of intercourse.We shall be very glad if the American (Government shall be wise enough and maguesimous enough to throw these considerations aside, and to prove that it desires, as well as, in tbe words of the Leader, that it can afford \u201c to bo great in every scnge \u201d\u2014 a conviction, we may add, which would have heen more gracefully exprersed at an earlier period.But, as the world goes, we can hardly expect to witness 20 speedy and complete a for- getfulnen of the past.Let us suppose that the stato of things wes reversed; \u2014that during à Fenian insurrection iv Ireland or in Canada, or in both, without any absolute breach of aeu- trality by the Americans, a considerable number of the newspapers of the United States, including cvery one which had the reputation of being a special organ of tbe existing Government, had applauded every success of the rebels, had refused Lo believe in any Uiumph of her Majesty's arms, and hal throughout heaped the most ribald abuse on the person, we do not say of the Queen, but of the Governor-General, and on that of every man who remained loyal to his Govern- ment ;-\u2014let us suppose farther, that, still without any actual T of neutrality, individual 1 i Americans had contrived amidst the hurrabs of their press and public men, furtively to aid in tbe departure of destructive warlike expeditions :\u2014 let us supp se yet again, that a glaring breach of neutrality at last took place; that some of our banks were plundered; and that the plunderers baving been arrested in the States, were released under extraordinary circumstances, even if le- Rally, and again with the sympathy and cheering of most of those organs of opinion which represented the views of the Goverument of the day ;\u2014we say, let us suppose such a state of things, and then that, after every spark of the rebellion bud been completely extinguished, an embassy came hither from the very men whose voices had been raised against us in loud vita- peration during our troubles, for the purposs of inviting us to continue à system of friendly intercourse, which was very much for their benefit, and, as we fancied, only partially for ours! Perhaps we should act the part of meek Christians; but that is a part which neither the Leader nor any of its compeers have performed when they could huve done so with some show of disinterestedness.We scarcely think they are the people who can demand it from others who are flushed with a success gained in opposition to the loudly-expressed wishes of their present solicitors.All this should lave been thought of sooner ; or, if there were some ameng us, a few months ago, heroic enough to despise all prudential considerations, for the sake of bearing their testiniony on what they considered the side of right\u2014albeit a side utterly opposed to all English traditions\u2014let them now bear the consequences uncomplainingly.That kind of heroism consists not in giving the provocation ; but in bearing with constancy the retort which usually follows.The foregoing remarks are a)- plicable only to the case of those who like the managers of the Leader, profess to evpect loss from the discontinuance of the treaty, and yet have done all in their power to make its continuance morally impessible, There are some, we believe, who think that the importance of the treaty Lins been altogether overrated, and that Canada can do as well without it, and perhaps better, with the nid of some new systems of trade yet to be developed.These persons must, of course, be indiiTerent or joyful at the probable cessation of the free trade which has taken place between the two countries.But their views are, of course, not those of the Government, whose members «re going to Washington to try to negotiate a renewal of the treaty ; nor are they, we believe, those of the vast mass of people engaged in Agriculture.It may be said that it is not wise on the part of those who, like ourselves, value the treaty and wish for its renews! to recall these past facts.We reply that there is no danger from recalling them here, as they are well- known and remembered without any necessity for reminders at the seat of the Federal Government ; and on tbe other hand, there is a great utility in reflecting & little upon them among ourselv becanse, unless we do so, the folly which haa been committed will not be our last, nor the one having the worst conseqences.When persons set up for the guides of public opinion, and of national policy, it is very desirable that we should test their wisdom by the resnlts of their teaching and leading.INCREASE OF THE CATTLE PLAGUR (From Toronto Globe.) \u201c The United States Consul, writing to the Stan Department from Manchester, under date of December 9, 1865, says :\u2014* Since the date of my last despatch on the subject of the cattle plague, the deaths have rapidly increased.The whole number of cases reported to the sutborities up to the close of last week is 39,000; of these 19,950 died, and 10,700 were killed while sof- fering with the disease.The number of cases reported last week was nearly 4,000.The exact figures are, for the week ending Nov.18, 2,069; for the week ending Nov.25, 3,610; for the week ending Dec.23, 3,828.\" Hon, John Weotworth's Bill to protect American caille against contagion from: imported cattle was not passed too soon.We observe that the Canadian papers are denouncing it, as it cuts off their market for the sale of cattle in our Eastern cities.It makesno difference with the Canucks whether the plague should swecp away our cattle or not, provided our markets remained open to them.After the 15th of March next they will find the market for several other Canadian products cloasd.\u201d The ahove we take from the Chicago Tribune, 6 Republican journal which supports Nr.Soho- bon's Administration.Mr.Wentworth, of whom it speaks 28 the introducer of the bill to prevent contagion in cattle, is & Republican, and ve likely to have been selected to engineer throug] Congress a measure desired by Mr.Seward to force our Government to make undue eonces- sions in the trade arrangements now under discussion at Washington.We shall not do such injustice to the Chicago Tribune ss to auppose that it imagines thers is danger to be apprehended from the cattle disease being introduced from Canada, when there is no such disease in the Province at all\u2014not even a rumor of itg existence, If the Tribune were innocent, its demand that the cattle trade from Canada should be stopped, on the strength of & report of dis easc coming from Manchester, in Rugland, would be ridiculons.But itis evident from its tone that the Tribune understands the whole case, There is not the shadow of nn excnse for excluding Canadian cattle.If the Ruffalo colleo- tor, who hus stopped the trade at Port Brie, is acting under instructions from Washington, and the recent order is to be enforced along the frontier, it will be meanest trick ever practised by any organization calling itself 8 Government, and will be condemned by every decent man on both sides of the line.The chuckling of the Tribune over the destruction of the cattle trade and the prospective stoppage of the Reciprocity Treaty onthe 17th March, doubtless inspired by the ides that Canadisns may be \u201cPotterized\u201d into annexation.If the people ofthe Western States fancy that they will achieve any of their pet objects by this policy, they will bo speedily undeceived.The peopl of Canada will never surrender their nationality and independence from motives of peeaninry in- torost.\u2018The United States havo not an inducement to offer which would shake for a moment our Brm attachment to the mother land.The burstofindignation with which theannouncement of the Potter policy at Detroit was greeted in Cnnada, ought to have convinced the Americans of ita folly.Let Wem put what restrictions they pleats on our trade, they will hurt them- salves mors than na. Janvary 13, 1866.THE MONTREAL WITNESS.27 MISCELLANEOUS NEWS.\u2014Notwithstanding the sharp frost and keen nortb-easterly winds that have prevailed in Paiis during the last three or four days, the cholera baa increased in severity, Wheress on thr hy there were only five deaths, on the 10th there were fifteen.\u2014 In the Court of Exchequer a widow brought an action against the vestry of Bermondsey for leaving a sewer, dug under their directions, insufficiently lighted, into which her hesbaud fell, and died in consequence.The point was raised whetlier a public body likea vestry could be held liable.\u2018The point wus reserved, and in the meantime the jury awarded £875 damages to the widow and children.\u2014 The Times correspondent of Madrid gives a dismal picture of the state of affairs in Spuin.The political eituation is represented us \u201cextremely grave:\u201d and itis added that even the prospects of the Bourbon dynasty have become imperiled by the Queen's infatuation, and the jufiucnce exercised over her by her coufessors, A roup d'état by O Donnell is talked of, and it i» believed that he has * the army well in hand.\u2019 ~The South-Eastern Railway Company were adjudged, at the Liverpool Assizes on Monda: to pay another heavy sum for injuries sustiin through the Stapleburst accident.The plaintitt in this case waa a widow, a Mrs.Hampson, who brought the action for bersclf and ber two children.Mer husband, who was killed at Staple- hurst, was 8 veterinary surgeon, owner of a shoeing-forge, and part owner of a cotton mill at Bolton.He was forty years of age.The jury assessed the damages at £7,000, apportioning £4,000 to the widow, and £1,500, each to the children, Drama or Lay HautsBUuToN.\u2014The death of the last of the children of Willinm IV, and Mrs.Jordan is reported.Lady Augusta Gordon Hallyburton, who died recently at Hallyburton House, Coupar, was born in November, 1801.She married first, on the 5th of July, 1827, the Ion.Jubn Kennedy Erskine, who died on the 6th Merch, 1831; and, secondly, on the 24h of August, 1836, Lord John Frederick Gordon Haltyburion, third son of George, ninth Mar- itis of Huntly.Havri\u2014Crose or The Resgrioy.\u2014Further intelligence from Mayti.to the 24th ult.con- sirms the report of the bombardment of (ape Haytien and the rout of the rebels.At Port-au- Prince and Jacmel the triumph of the Government has been celebrated with publie rejoicings.\u2018ape Haytien had been serionsly damaged hy the bombardment.All the foreigners in tLe town songht refuge on board the American war veasels in the port.A number of prominent rebels, who were foul in the bouge vf the British Cousul, were captured aud shot.Tug Jamaica Cowmssiox.\u2014The Munchester Guardian's London correspondent says: \u2014* The commissioner of inquiry in Jamaica.however calculated to inspire confidence among thuse who remember his venerable father's conspicues ser- meet with universal acceptance among ny passionate observers.Sir Edmund Head is a thorough Whig; Sir Henry Sturks a thorough Tory; hoth excellent men in their way, hut neither of them likely to regard as an equal in experience a man lif + Mr.Lushington.\u201d Maxiuitian axp tog Usiten Svates.\u2014The correspondent of the New York Jerald at the vity of Mexico wrote on the 14th of December an account of an interview of an American gentleman with Maximilian, in which the Iatter suid he wished for nothing more than to make the ac- proposal to name Mr, Charles Lushington ns third | vicein the cause of negro emancipation.\u2018ls not ; Hise -rge, and the trial was then post- fore the cluse of the season : and if the total AND Gras Wustuan R.R\u2014An Eaglish lett * recent dute stata that Sir Morton teto is i market aakiug for « loan of thirty miSliops dollars tobe expended in the pits] State n estendmg the Atlantic nnd Great Western Hallway.The bonds are tu draw eight per cent.nterest.hie necount states that Tio wer s tuetmg with thattoring « obtain ing thie mon With these funda bie will be able to carry ont di favorite project of extending ene ranch of his \u20ac feet dorble track road to thi city.He regards New York, Chicago, und SL Louis us the three great commureiul cer tres of the United Stars.tis therefore his purpose to sonnect them gether Ly a great double track railway, in the shape of a huge Y, New York being at the terminus of Lhe maiu trunk, and Chicago and St Louis at (be ends of the two branches.Sfr Morten Peto takes à comprehensive view of things.Ile sees that New York is the great outlet for American crops, and that Uhicago and Bt Louis ave the great points for the collection of the products of the Mississippi Valley, as wall 8 for the distribution of goods.He plants Nis feet, therefore, firmly in New York, und lgoking westward takes Chicago in his right Band and St.Louis in his Ieft.\u2014 Sir Morton Péto is of opinion that a double track railroad well built and honestly managed could carey flour at éllsensons of the year from this city to New York for oue dollar per barrel in gold, and wheat for thirty cents a bushel, and make a fair profit.great object lie hus in view is 10 cheapen the tmnsportation of breadstuffs and open the Misaasippi Valley to Great Britain in arder to cheapen the food of the laboring people of bis country, When the Atlantic and Great Western Railway reduces the price of transportation, all the ther East and West lines will be obliged to do fhetame.The new road will thus be the regulaforef freight tariffs between the sea-hoard and the interior.À little healthy competition of this sort is greatly demanded hy the best interefiect whole country.AMERICAN NEWS.\u2014 A Purtlagd waper says that city is fooled with counterfelt kgal tenders of the denominn- tion of $50.\u2014 Citizens ¢f Philadelphia have subse four hundred thousand dollars toward the © Ezhment of Songivrn steamship lines at this port.\u2014A man Jute paid S500 in gold for a wink fur cloak in (uada, and the custom house officers at Burligguon seized it , ton and tle Mow bought it * : ! lt iv suiijpctof general remurh this evens ing that the * radicalism\u201d of such members as have returned from their brief visits howe, has wen wonderfully stimulated by their contact with their conetiprracies.\u2014The total gration at the port of Now ir was 105,075, which is an 000, compared with the pre- - worthy of notice is that Ger- stest number R2.354, against ely irereaced ro and at consent ge 1 he seslward.\u2014Caed Clare, on se on she nly Williams, andone nano vs Hans, father and .cause was an ol} feud existing for some For 1he pury settlement they met precinet on election day, armed with ri double-barreled guns, AL the first ire one of Williams wag killed, uid Ham, Sen, i the other brother, Newton Willi atm, the ball unfortunately taking \u20ac body of & Baptist preacher named fu and inflicting what is Lelivsed 30 be à mortal wound.Meunwhile the younger Han was bot down, and his futher standing over him defended lis beady with 1 clulbwal burt cupty gun, Whik thus engaged, Newton Williams approachal, und firing one barrel with fatal eff to the breast of the futher, turned and discharged the other through the Tend of the prostrate Sil disabled son.This ended the difficulty.Newton Wile liams remmined on the ground uearly all the day.assisted in the burial of Lis brother, mil deficd arrest.Nestday Caplain Rawn, of the Seventh Iufantrs, in command nt Marianna, with a file of men, proceeded to the spot, and arrested Wil- linms at his own house.Clare, ut last accounts, was still at large.Justice of TE REcoxsthrerey Risers \u2014The Washington correspondent of the Philudelphin Inquirer gives the following notable instances the of the sort of justice done to the blacks 1 pardoned und unpardoned chivalry of Virgi It appears that all the white ringleaders of the Confederate raid npou the culored people in Alexandria on Christmas have been released, and left for points further South, while nny colored men who were upon the defensive, are still confined in the slave-pen.An additional regonent has been sent there te prevent any outbreak on New Year» day.When a United States oflicer can be assussinnted in daylight, as was Major Dixon not long since, and rebel officers set free by Me.l\u2019ierpoints courts, what enn be expected of such a con when the wilitary nre with draw ii, ml onr ex-colored soldiers sire turned over to them.firs! being dizarme: \u201c Among the court enses in Richmond, noticed | in Saturday's papers, is one of a colored man s tu Castle Thunder for thirty duys, fur having i sulted a white wan, and, on being arrested.lin ing been found with pistols concealed.À distinguished military officer, who has just returned from Richmond, pronounced that city as disloyal as it was one year ago, aud says that the present Legislature of Virginia, as a body, are no better than \u2018Extra Ihlly Smith's cabal: that there is nat a maa in it who dares, evenif so disposed, te admit that there has ever been any treagon done by Virginia.\u201d year.À ends the from Ir.many s ' CANADIAN NEWS.\u2014Considerable activity ie said to prevail in the Renfrew gold digsrings, Nova Scotia.Several large crushers are being erceted there.\u2014There is no truth in the rumor that (he ageney of the Bank of Montreal nt Quelee is about to he withdrawn.\u2014 The Oddfellows of Lower Canna will ap ply at next session of Parliament fur au Act of Incorporation.il} Gazette announces that George Peabody, the Lofdon banker, is to erect n new church edificoin Jieorgetown, to accommodate the church asd Jociety lately formed in that pince, to sustdn faith of their fathers, in opposition to the ner divinity introduced there by Rev.Charles Bee = The Washin; hune date 4th in specinl of New York Tré- bas the following partieu- rs It was pathd at the Trensury to-huy Chat present matig of income the Nation quaintance of President Johnson and Secretary Seward.\u201cTam convinced.\u201d rid he, & that after a fret and honest conversation, we =hould part friends.No onc des more than | 0 have in your government a gol avighlor.No one would reap a better harvest fran the seed which 1 have sown than yanr uation.\u201d 1 v Maximilian may have the desired opportunity to talk affairs over with Mr.Seward.wien the latter reaches Vera Cruz.\u2014Doxten Journal.Bmirisu Cocvupiax Goup Fixup.\u2014The Vie- toria Colonist states that the accounts of rich discoveries at Big lend, on the Upper Colum- bian, are corroborated daily.A host came down lately, in which were six men.Every one had dust\u2014from $1,000 to $4,700 each\u2014and all had good claims.À correspondent says: \u2014* | know one man who took out eight hundred in one day ; and one, two, and three hundred dollars per day is a common thing.\u201d French Creek holds the same position among the other crecks at the new diggings as William Creek at the Caribuo.There are one hundred men there now, and large numbers on their way thither.At the more northerly gold fields of Bkecna and Stekin, the yield is also large.The mineral resources of the surrounding country are said to be very great.Gold, silver, copper, conl, and platinum exist in large quantities in that vicinity.There is one spot on the north forks where a miner got out seventy dollars\u2019 worthin one day.in 1863, Henry Goss discovered gold on the upper portion of the Skeene river, and took out $100 in 11 days; since that time Sebastopol anda y of canny Scots were working seven miles above the Kitchilas, and averaged $5 per day to the hand.Fenian Prosxcrrions.\u2014The first \u201chitch\u201d in the Fenian prosecutions which in Dublin ran with remarkable smoothness, had been experienced in Cork, At the trinl of the first case, \u201chat of M'Cafferty, the native Anerican Fenian, :he Judges raised the objection that no evidence had been given of any overt acts having been \u2018ommitted after his arrival in Ireland, and that he was not responsible for anything which he had done before he berame subject to British law, Aftera long legal argument, the court riled, on Saturday, the objection was valid, while, at the same time, guarding against any arroneous impresrion getting abroad that aliens were not liable to be dealt with hy the laws of England for any treasonahle acts which they committed, The prisoner was accordingly acquitted.The prisoner Charles Underwood D'Connel having been then put on his trial, Mr.Butt challenged the ai on the ground that the jury had not been farly prepared, an undue preponderance of Protestants being returned on it.Evidence was then given to sustain the challenge, but in the examination it Appeared that tbe panel had been prepared by Sub-Sheriff, whois s Roman at olic, and that it was done with regard to the respectability of the jurors, and not with any re- Jge d $100,000,000 the pre i8g fur all current and contin- ped Daniel Van Alen, nthe county of Kent, wa th ult, while skating on tn \u2014A Young man living dear Dres drowned on the Thames.\u2014=Jitmes Wanlle, telegrapli operator at Siral- ford, who wus injurcd st Saruin Ly being ernshi- between a boat and the wharf, died on the evening of the Ath.\u2014 A large quantity of cannon balls hag recently been stolen from the latteries near the Paclinment onse, Quebee\u2014no guards being now mounted in that part of the city.| dent aft gent linhilities.| \u2014 The statement that no, Congresman can \u201chope for official iver or patronage in at lust lawo of the Departigents of (he Goverument, tn- Fess be shall declark for what is termed the Pree vs policy, is currently cireuluting and being indignantly commented upon hy members here.The annomeement boldly onde, in at least one | of the departments, itis believed will, from the | teniper it has evoked, work its own cure.\u2014 Thirty or forty head of cattle and several | horec< were refusd a landing at Ugdensburgh on the 6th; amongihem eight bead of fine stock eattle for brecling purposes, purchased at Montreal by J.IL, Moran, of this place.It is * derstood they were kent to Morrisburg, 10 cre to Waddington, they will likely reach there in time, as the oréer for that point only left here this hoon.\u2014The New York Times gives a deplorable ne- connt of the prevalence of drunkenness in that city, on New Yrarsday.It eas Washington telegram says the Becretary of the Treasury is continually in receipt of communications from purchasers of Ca- cadian cattle, asking permission to import them cn would Le in dir A large number of United States revenue officers met atthe office «f the commissioner of customs, at Washington yesterday, to deliberate a8 to the best method of reventing smuggling A large number of collecte | a fronticr were regent.The United States Conssl at lave date of Dev.?sth, informs the Deuriment of State the: have been but eight mises of cholera in that city.ç ; Th» Treasury Departmess i8 preparing plates for a new issue of fracrvmel currency of 50,75, and 10 cents.The