Montreal witness and Canadian homestead the people's paper, 2 août 1922, mercredi 2 août 1922

[" SOHN DOUGALL & 90M, Publishers Settling the Strike.T will help the President of the United States to another term of office, it he shall appear as the peacemaker who brings to am end the disastrous coe! and railway wars which have been desolating what should have been the most prosperous of lands, and bringing umtold loss to TH engaged.The agreement iz to refer the whole question of wages to the Nations! Labor Board.That has however wa: vovered a pretty sore point.There are pousion systems based on the length of somtinwous service.Logically, 3 utrike Breaks the continuity of service, asd «a à claimant for pension or for eny other privileges of service, the man received back ato the service begins life anew.The longer a man has bees in the service the greater the hardzhip he Incurs by joining in à strike.The unions have à similar rule with regard to their ows funds.A man who has paid his union dues for twenty five or thirty years has too much at stake to refuse to strike, no matier bow greatly he dislikes the breaking of old ties.The companies might forego the infliction et such a penalty, but could not sacrifice those who had braved the storm and stuck by the ship at the cost of obloquy among their fellows, and in some cases, pf per- somal loss.Of course.that is not the way it looks to union men.To them a non fighter is what the conscientious objector fs to society in general.Ris heroism is cowardice; his loyalty, disloyalty.All the more may he claim condideration from those whose cause he saved in the day of their need.Then there are n lot of new hands, taken os when the old ones quit.Call.Shall these be hose whe voluntarily Eon a ns a \u201cpett?The agreement with 3 unisa Isaders appears to be to aire those whe stayed on precedence of those, who want ont, but to give the new men their place only according to their date of service, © which would, we presume, make them the firet tor dismissal.Unless the restoration olf activity and the back work to be made np requires a great accession of mea compared with the time before the strike, this would mean that those who came to the companies\u2019 and the country\u2019s aid, known by the opprobrious name of strike-breakers, would be throws out.This would fall hardest on those roads which were most successful in keeping up their staffs and got into pretty fair working order in pite of the strike.Such as those remain to be heard from.But somehow or éther one rule must be made plais in the land of the free and everywhere.If men may quit en strike orders, they may mot interfere with others who would take their places.- Coal.LL'S well oa the coal horison, at least in the eyes of the dealers.who see prices going up.The United States vernment proposes to take control so as distribution is concerned, and to set somo limit to the spread \u2018between the fine and the consumer.Of course that goverament, in regulating a famine dis tribution, might refuse to export.When Europe was starring for coul at Or of the war our government, at the of the Manufacturers Association, forbade export, except to the United States, for five or six months.France was offering thirty and even thirty-five dollars & ton, about six times pre-war prices.Cargoes going to the United States had to give bonds that the coal would not go further, but could afford to sacrifice the smount paid as security.Why did Canada show mercy to the United States but none to France and Italy?Because the United States could get back at us.It would have {it suited our manufacturers co bare the United States forbid export to Canada.fiore Is where Canada is probaliy equally VOL.LXXVII.Neo.31.Both the east coast and the safe now.west of the United States toed their bot} ors with Canadian coal.This is chiefly interesting just now to the west, which needs British Columbia and Alberta coal.As for Nova Scotia coal, the export of it sestns to have dwindled through rednced production last April, the lsat month for which the geverament furnishes statistics, to less than six thousamd tons.Dissension in Germany.HE Bavarian goverament has given the Republicen government of Germany & siap in the face by refusing obedience to the Defence of the Republic Act, passed after the murder of Rathenau dy the Reieherath, or national parliameat, re quiring severe measures to be taken with the murderous monarchists.There sever was any love batween Bavaria, which is Roman Catholic, and Prussia, Protestant, and has been domineering in the extreme.This revolt is rebellion, as Bavaria was, next to Prussia, chief among the signers of the Weimar comstitation of the Republic.The present Bavarian government is Monarchist, the extreme opposite of that af Kurt Eisner, the socialist, whose assassination was among the first of the long series -of Monarchist murders which are blasting the soul and reputation of that party.The Monarchists have a natural leader in Prince Rupert, the heir to the Bavarian throne, and failing the Hohensollerns, the reversionary claimant of the imperial crown.If Rupert cannot be Emperor of Germany just vet, he will at least fondle the idea of becoming the head of a string of Roman Catholic States stretching across Europe, Mmdinding Aus tris, Bararis;- the i} end Beizium, such as the German or Roman Outholic party are said to be planning Wader the smle of the Vatican.Iss under such conditfons that (he Ravaridt dofern- mont is Chesking that of Berlin, which being predominantly Prussian, is to that ex- teat hated im Bavaria.President Ebert and Chancellor Wirth may make appeal to a Court of all the States (Staatsgericht) which the Weimar constitution provides for; but as that might only precipitate a schism they will certainly do their best to come to an agreement with Bavaria without imposing authority too roughly.In that attempt they will have the sure support of the Bavarian Socialists, who have aiready shown their strength, and who have in their keepiag the destructive weapon of the strike.An interested Europe.LL Europe, even France, will be anxions for a United Germany, not only until accounts are settled up with that country by agreement, but until what Germany can be made to pay is paid.Who kmows but that the possibilities that are only too patent may reveal themselves even (0 France\u2014may, indeed, even now account for France's apparently increased amenableness to efforts at conciliation.The French newspapers do not lose a day in repeating the demand that Germany live up to her treaty obligations, meaning her obligations under the Treaty of Versailles, which Germany was forced to sign while protesting that she could not fulfil those obligations.It te because France, dis counting thie expectation, undertook and became liable for recomstruction work to the extent of billions, which abe has no other means of collecting, that she has refused to admit to herself any imcapacity on the part of Germany to pay, But what it the republic that signed that treaty #hould dissolve before her oyes! Even if it did not go to pieces in that way, the shock of a revolt, sich as the Monarchists are planning, would precipitate the fin ancial crash which more and more over which is.MONTREAL WITNESS__ CANADIAN HOMESTEAD The People's Paper MONTREAL, ANQUET 2, 1922, bangs Germany and Burope, whose printing presses with those of other countries &o on printing money and cansot stop; «nd whose currency is becomiag diluted to the vanishing point.There would be an explosion.There would be a hole in the ground out of which nothing but wreckage could be dug and the shock would shake down.a lot of the surrounding astions, The Grand Trunk Decision.Æ should bave been surprised had the appesi of the Grand Trask shareholders to the Privy Couneil for a rehearing of their case had met with any other fate than disallowance.it is easy to understand the pain of those shareholders, in seeing the last flickering embers of their long bong go out with re gard to shares whick mever did return a dividend and could never expect to.Canada is sore at heart over the whole business, and no slight part of its distress is its sympathy with the British share holders; ospecially those upon whom other British shareholders astutely unloaded their holdings.The Company, with headquarters.in London, made many mis calculations, to pat it mildly.For these, all concerned ars now suffering and should be mutually sympathetic.But for taking over a property that was and is losing money and has a very questionabie pros pective value, Canada does not owe the boiders of worthless stock any moaey.Indeed, in taking over the debeaturs stock and in guarantesing four percent om the ftrat class sharss, whether the railway earns it or mot, the government bas incurred lisbllities greeter tham the concern IVR 000 A YRAR Mentouni and Buburbe, 32.50 samably assumed by those who demand this that the necessary loss would be less by scrapping the ships at & time when there is no market for them.It requires a great deal of decision to destroy what cost sp much money, and it is a question whether, it the Government were to do so, it would not come under stil! more active reproach from a comatry lergely de voted to government ownership, with only a minor interest in the profit or loss attending it.This government merchant fleet alse appeals to the manufacturers who are interested in having direct trade routes kept opem to parts of the empire and of the\u201d world that would otherwise have to be reached by circuitous trans shipment.For the cemtinuance of a substantial portioa of this fleet it is argued that an enormous railway system such as the government bas Bow OR its hands ° needs a world-wide ocean marine to wait upon it, at least as long as the only competing system has such a fleet.This argument loses force, however, if thers is anything in amother claim made for it that it encroaches as little as possible om regularly established routes.That may be wise, but would be a handicap ba its value in competition with a system which has no such qualms.In so far as it is simply to do pioneer work in directions where money-making enterprise does not venture, a profitable business would bean \u201cuncovenanted mercy.\u201d Evem so, that does not necessarily condemn it, as it is possible to do a country splendid service by such pioneer work.That is what Germany was doing; that is what the United States is doing.If we had not got lavach- ed into it, we could not afford to do It.That a system much too big for the coum try\u2019s existing business, bulit at double cost, manned mmddenly from sowhers, aad thrown into an over supplied service with no definite job om its hands, shoué will meet and is the loser by the scquisi-| Mave lost money heavily last year whom thes.Mr.Taft, as a member et tration conimisdicn, gave a veloe bf hearly fifty million dollars to tbe.wapgoductive stocks on the basis of the present material value of the property turned over: but it is difficult to understand his position.Mr.Taft is now Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States, aad, ss such, has been visiting Britain to study its Jquis- prudence.He ie reprosented as lonving with a very favorable impression of it.Will this decision modify that impression, or will it modify bis finding with regard to the railway's value?The shareholders have still the recourse of applying to the Canadian gavernment, which they have been very persistently maligning through the English press to the great damage of Canadian credit in Britain, for considers tion on compassionate grounds.Possibly at some future date Canada might be in a position to be generous.Just now her first duty is to be just and her struggle is great.There is still & claim unsettied, that of the holders of Grand Trunk Pacific debentures.Had these beon in any way underwritten by the Canadian governmeat, they would perhaps constitute a legal claim.The Grand Trunk taken by itself is of some value.it was the Grand Trunk Pacific that brought it to grief.As the matter ia before the courts it must be left to them.Our Merchant Ficet T HE national government has another white elephant on its bands in the shape of what, with the prevailing, but inelegant, love of initials, is known as the C.G.M.M.Initials, no doubt, give tbe initiated, to whom they mean something, the pleasure of being in possession of something mysterious.But it is hardly an added facility to a busy world to impose upon the reader who takes his daily meal of kmowledge almost at a gulp, end who has mo patience for riddles.There has been a great deal of scoldiag of the Government for scrappisg its war-time merchant fleet, which can at present only be operated at a heavy loss.It is pre deal 61 the woskka shipping was laid up for lack of business, is not a fatal argament against hevisg it The proposal is sald to be, and it may be the \u2018middle course of wisdom, to lay up or seit some twesty of the smaller ships, about & third of the whole number, and to use the larger ones as best may ar pear.We note that at the same moment when Canada is questioning what to do with her ships, Newfoundland is calling for tenders for a six weeks\u2019 service under subsidy from St.John's to the West Indies with the hope of doubling the frequency later.The Lords and : - the Herde.HE House of Lords was a hundred T years ago and less another name for the Ianded aristocracy of Britain.Its members timed their attendance for whea they could mot huat.Its complexion has considerably altered during the living generation.But still the Upper Chamber is the traditional stronghold of what are called the agricultural\u2014more precisely\u2014 the rent-taking interests.The lords mustered in considerable force to learn their fate npom the protection their farmers have bees enjoying through affixing a stigma on Cassdian cattle.Their hope was not to veto the will of the Commons, just expressed; that sort of thing is past; but, it might be, to soften the blow.They showed their mind in the matter by vot ing down by a considerable majority a direct motion to remove the embargo.But them, by the advice of the Department of Agriculture, represented there by Lord Ancaster, the Lords accepted a resolution offered by Lord Long, admitting that Canadian herds were free from cat- tie disease, and declaring that steers might be admitted subject to quarantine regulations.The quarantine regulations were to include the exclusion of bulls and heifers of inferior quality that might deteriorate British herds.Lord Long be- lisved this would be accepted by Canada ns à fuitiiment of the pledge oa which she is making demand.It certaiaty wouid re mot, if quarantine meant, az the word sug: gests, a delay of forty days, or any delay in freedom to market the cattle on arrival; but Mr.Larkis, the Canadian High Com missioner, has been assured it doss not wean that.That wouid have to be excluded.Even »0, it is aot free from sus picion of the same disingennousness and slur that characterised the embargo.Theres is no reason why British farmers should add inferior cattle to their herds, sup posing Canadians foolish emough to ship such, even bulls, as stores.If such a provision were bomestiy emforoed, it might well ba accepted, if mot welcomed.But i the ohject, as almest professed, be to ehatruct, it wil be liable te act as an in ritant on the old sere.Troops on the Move.ING Constantine, of Greece, brother te-law of William Hoheasollern, cousin of King George, and of the late Csar, and of some other kings, yet not Comstantine the Great, sits on à shaky throne.He was deposed by the AMies because, though well meaning enough himself, he was so much at the bidding of a thoroughly Ger manised army and of a newspaper press managed from Berlis as to have bees a traitor to the Allied cause.His som Alex ander held the throbe till a monkey bit Chim fatally; Dut it was Vemeselos, the Cretan, who ruled.Venezsios took à jeading place ia the counsels of the Allies, and was accorded for Greece gramd cem- cessions of territory; that is, if\\the Greeks would do the fighting and keep the stilt waconquered Turks busy.The Greeks re voited against Veneselos for trying to raise the money necessary for his grandiose ex- temsions.amd recalled their kisfg.That ta, the Militarists of the army did both.Bo it came that the Greeks had to face the same costs, and far more, to give Cou- stantine the glory of the conquest of Asia Minor.A cruel cost ft became, doth in men and money.The expedition was a bungled failure.The glory that Canstan- tine needed it he was to remaim on the throne was turned into humilistion.What would save a situation like thet?Why, was not he Constantine?And Constaz- timople, if it bad never belonged to Greece, was it nôt the bead of the Eastern or |\u2019 Greek-apesking Roman empire before the Turks got it, and of the Hustern or Greek Catholic church?Was not\u2019its name Greek as well as his, though that was all that was Oréek about him?Im fact, was not he the natural and necessary successor of Constantine the Great?If he could only become an Bastern emperor, the Greeks would probably rally to him.If the army must leave Anatolia, the real Turkland, like a dog with its tafl between its lege, and even forsake Smyras, let it be because it was needed upon this higher quest.Let it be shipped across to Thrace to move upon Constantinople.As for Smyrna and the old Ionian ahore, whtch is essentially Greek: if it cannot be annexod and pro tected from the Turks, why, proclaim its stadependence as à Greek Btate.But there was something else nosded for this ester prise, and that was leave from the Allies, with whom the neutrality of Constanti- sople was a cardimal principle.That leave was ill to get.The Greeks ac longer had Veoeseion, who had been such a figure im the Supreme Council.They had a standing quarrel with Italy over their boundary in Epirus, and over some islands im the Aegean.France had come to terms with Kemal, and had assisted him against Constantine.Britain had not forgiven Constantine for his double-desling during the war.To appeal to these was vain.Their reply was a movement of British troops across the Rosphorus through the coveted city toward its celebrated Tghatalje lines of defence, in aid of the French already there, where it is assumed that the four or five thousand Allied troops can easily hold off the thirty to fifty thousand that Greece is said to have in Thrace\u2014also à movement of British ships from Malta and elsewhere toward the Bosphorus.The Greek movement toward Thrace seems to be only to find somewhere to put the army.who in their cross and unpaid condition coulé not be returned to Greece.The Afttes are annaliing the Greek clamation of the independence of Sm.A serious item secues to be the fact ; MONTREAL HTMF 2 200 the Allies bave requested leave from both the Greek and the Angora governments to investigate the receat alleged barbarities.It ie another recoguition of the Kemal government.Consistently Incensistent.HE Southern Irieh parliament which, oa aocount of the troubled condition of the country and the absence of many of its members with the army, had already been postpomed two or three times has again been postponed.This will gratify the recalcitrant republicans by giving them a new grievance, the joy of the Celt, bat the greater part of the people will recognise the windom of this Course.The lrishmas, Mke his Celtie amcestor, is à clansmas whe fellows his chief Jrithout bothering very much about that chief's constitutional status, 80 Jong as he proves his fitness for the chieftalnship by his strength and ability to command.The de Valeraites Dominion Homs Rule) were to occur, The - general the republicans has been to bold a town for a while, to \u201ceommandeer\u201d provisions and other supplies, and when the national forces approached to evacuate it, having fived some of its principal buildings amd left mines (0 explode under the feet either of the incoming troops or of the townspeople.The latter, plundered, with their business destroyed and their houses burned, are itn a pitiable plight, and their case must be 8 serious problem for the government and the national army.There is another cines of sufferers who, when they come to the sarfsce, will have strange stories to tell.Ireland is à beau- tifui country, east and west, north and south, \u201ca little bit ol Heaven for R looks so peaceful there: but according to all tradition the quintessence of its loveliness is, \u201cwhere angels fold their wings aud rest, in that Bden of the west, Beauty's home, Killarney.\u201d Befora the World War this Jevely district was visited every summer by thousands of tourists from Britain and from all over the world.When the Great War was over, the Sinn Fein war was having its innings and there were few visitors who had the temerity to trust themselves among the romantic lakes and mountains of Kerry and the too romantic inhabitants.Last year the famous truce between Ireland and Britain came into operation and tourist traffic opened again.This year things looked still hap plier, for had not a regular treaty between the two countries bees signed, sealed and delivered?One enterprising line of steamships began early in the season to advertise direct service between New York and Cobh\u2014that is Queenstown, formerly the Cove of Cork.The first arrivals, Irish Am- erioans, who came to see their land, or the land of their fathers, rejoicing in ber new found freedom, found instead everything tied up by & rafllway strike, and for some days could neither reack Cerk mor amy- where else.Thin difficuity waa overcome + ; BAR SA MOM CCE à Gt {The Pronokh , =.a and the strike nettied, and again viaitors | sought the lovely south-weat.Then came the explosion that fired à train which set the whole country in « biage.Train service to Dublin was stopped, the roads were eut up by trenches and blocked by tolled trees, motors were \u2018commandeered\u2019 amd the smiling goesoon, who one day wo cour- teousiy carried the visitor's bag for him and was sg grateful for the six penny tip, was the next day metamorphised into à young brigasd, armed with rifle or revolver, ready to rob a bank, burn a bouse er shoot à man all in the name of Liberty.People wishing fo return to Dublin have been obliged te take the packet to Fish.guard, in Wales, and thea the Holyhead steamer to Dublin, if, after thsir experi: ence, they vemture there.Recuperation.EANWHILE, Dublis, with its weual resilience, has thrown itaslt into its business and its fun, all the guyee for the stormy interruption.Nelson, having lodt, it is sald, several tors in addition to the damage he suffered in the flesh, again locks dowa from bis stylites piller om a scene of repairs after action, that might weil remind him of his seafaring days.After the lower portion of O'Connell Street bad been destroyed Lu 1914, it was rebuilt at the expense of the Imperial govern.mest.Proprietors of seme antiquated bulidings toward the upper end of the street were porry at the time that the tires bad not penetrated ia their direction.They may now have bad their wish but it te Ireland that will have to pay this time, if she can, for ker own damage.The main thing is that ireland is pulling ber self together and facing the future with .hops.Lord Shaw of Pumferiine, as old supporter of Gladstems, put it very Cinely when speaking in New York:\u2014 \u201cI have had experjence recently of fhe gealss of Ireland.I have come iu comtsct with ber public men; .| wiab to assure you that today I think Ireland has really reached tho trough of the waves, and that every movement of the waters, hewerer troubled, will Be but ta lift it again te the cent.\u201d - - - be & = + 03 ite) 5 As.og in Canada.HIS Hon.Athanage David, \u2018Cameda's fôremost Fremeh orator, as be was introduced to a group of students, largety Americans, who were in Montreal to learn French, was unbounded im his assertion of the loyalty of his people to the British flag, for whom he claimed, not without excellent reason, the honor of having saved Canada to the British crown when rebellion was rife among the Hng- lsh of this continent.Of course he used to such uccourtiy phrases.We are only translating him tuto our rede Sexon Ens- lish.He rightly gave the clergy, whom he said the Freach affectionately venerated, their meed of praise for that result as well as for the beautife! way ta which the French in Canada had, so religiously amd »o successfully preserved the French spirit, which prefers culture to rush, education to money-making.Bducation is, ha said, the finest incense that can be burned on the altar of one's country.Aa far ns governments are comcerned, it oer tainly is.He was full of praise of Quebec's recent progress in education.In that we oan heartily concur with him wp to à point.It is certainly spleadid.The great trouble with this ambitions educational development i# that it is upside down.Excellent opportunities for ad vanced education, classical, technieal, commercial, agricultural, are being added to each other to provide separately for the French at the public expamse oppor tunities equal to those which the English minority have provided for themselves, while all the time the children throughout the country are growing up uneduestad and incapable of taking advantage of these admirable facilities.Upside down.HIS attempt to base a pyramid om its apex is too easily accounted for.It is the characteristic of priest led communities everywhere, that while a few are given the opportunity of high cuiturs, the masses are practically guarded against it \u2018| move lands to be possessed \u2014 by the determination of the clergy not te let the training of the young out uf thelr own bands, and by the use of the very tmperfect rurnl schools to teach catechism and devotion to the chureh at the expease of common kmowledge.This nystem is eutrenched behind those very beautiful sentiments instilled tuto the people about preserving their customs, their religion, thelr language and their laws.To this end, one of the immunitiss secured io the provinvg of Quebec at Confederation was control of its educational system.That is therefore sacrosanct, to be cherished and defended at all cost, 30 matter what Its result.Of course, where the Cathollo school comes im closs touch and compe tition with a more progressive ome it Is greatly modified.The trouble about that ia tint it works also the other way.There are Protestant schools in rural parts which give sa equally discreditable out put without aay counterbalancing soyuiré menis'îin ostechism and Uthes and reve os.As the aystem leaves the tion af education to looal ambition, it turally deteriorates as ignorant tions grow up.The question.net only with the French of Canada.is how to give the next generation the means of intellee- tual development, so that mome who are fit may be jest to the great opportunities afforded hy eur higher institutions.The greatness of a country depends very mueh on how nearly it ettaime Lo this ideal Gatse Banged te.M R, or is it Professeur, Henry Pratt Fairchild, of the University of New York, has frankly declared the attitude of the United States toward the needy nations to be that of the closed door.The gales are, he says, closed with a clang.We dont know why Lasares went te Heaven; but we know quite well why the rich man went the other way.Natiens are not suppossd to mo either way but they also bave their awards from the ever lasting Juggment- seat.A prophstess of their own has given forth this as the word of the Lord: \u201cAs ye deal with My be levad; so with Jou.My mace.shall desl\u201d Professor Fairchild toils us thet (be days, of 1008 migration are ever.Thage are ne \u201cJust a8 soom as the governing clements im ne tions become convinced that immigrants.are no longer an advantage, but rather, a mensos, policies will change.\u201d The shut-them-out policy seems te have super vemed prematurely ia Australia when the \u201cgoverning clement\u201d was Labor.That Commonwealth ia at present making very unusual efforts to repair the loss occasioned, etforta which are now arousing | Canada to immigration seal.The gov- erniag element In the United States re ferred to hy the writer In gestion Is perhaps still the masterful Asglo-Saxon.But he sees power slipping from him So men are to bear no more from the United States the beneficent boast of \u201can open door,\u201d \u201cs haven of refuge fer the oppressed,\u201d and all that sort of thing, even though there be, as stated, no other place for the oppressed or distressed te files to.Professor Fairchild is himself «an immigration expert.He is the angel with a drawn aword at the gate of Pars- dise to keep the way of the tres of life.We do not doubt that he truly speaks the mind of the elysium whose sentinel Re is, It differs i» that respect from the New Jerusalem that we are all looking for, whose gates are always open.But what is the seuse-of talking about altryfistic | duty, says Professor Fairchild, in the presence of the stupendous perils just ahead.The vision he conjures up is more appslling tham aay that occurred to Mil tom or Bailey or any other dealer in immensities: and in his case je that !t ie not the work of uncurbed imagination but of pure mathematics.In 1800, the world contained six or seven hundred million people.(He seems to be well informed as to censuses that were never taken) whereas, in 1914, it contained a thousand million more.At the phe-war rate of increase, there would, in a thousand years, be sixty thousand, with thirty mougbts following (just think of that\u2014s whole line of noughts!) more people om this footstool than there is standing room for, jam them fn never so closely.The - MONTREAL WITNRSS AND CANADIAN HOMEOTEAD, AUGUST 2, 1922.avr Unitoä States cannot really undertake | the job.Imdeed, by the end oi tis century, Which some already alive will see, the United States, at its pre-war rate ot increase would be more crowded than China is now.Malthus.T so happens that in that year 1808, trom which our professor siarts his slarming eschatological mathematics, there was a philosopher who saw just the same danger then impending, and made just the same demands for the limiting of popule- tion.His mame was Malthus.He saw with terror, population everywhere gaining ou the means of sustemaace.According to his successor in approbemsion, the world\u2019s population has increased about two and a half tinses since 1800; yet it is certain that, mas for man, woman for we man and child for child, they are better oft to-day or, at least, were before the war, not only for food, but in à score of moexpected.ways, than in the days of markets.The very causes of the in- us in Canade just at the moment is where to tind & market for our abundance.What is troubling the British farmer is how to bat out the food that overflows his home markets.\u2018The very cduses of tthe in grease of population are the astonishing discoveries and inventions that have so P ROBABLY the most beneficial opers- tion of democracy is'the anewer it gives to the primeval question, Am 1 my brother's keeper?It is only by degrees that this question forces itself on the attention of people absorbed Is their own affairs and practically despising the Jess favored classes.But it does force ît- welt when people that the sceptre has effectively out of their own hands into those of the half-baked foreigner or benighted child of the slums.New York city bas, for generations, been ruled by those classes and is still too rich to care much.Bo long as it gets the advantages of civilisation, it finds it cheaper to pay for all sorts of waste and graft than to bother about the classes that rule it.Tammany cultivates those classes for purely selfish purposes.For tbe most part it stimulates their evil propensities rather than their nobler ones.But It is &.question whether to take some kindly interest in them, even for selt-seeking ends, is not better than to take no interest ip them at all.This passing by on the other side mot only costs much, but it deteriorates both classes and has lis pe meals in time.Why, then, has not de mocracy worked the redemption !t promised?For one thing, !t la new.In alt countries but the United Btates, say ap ! pronch to what has been calied universal suffrage is a very new thing.In England it has been accompanied by immense improvement in education and very pressing demands for still more.Ia the United States the system commenced under the most favorable possible conditions in populations that were for self-government, the piek of the world, the gentry of Virginia, the sturdy Presbyterian Dutch from Hol: land, whea Holland was at its livest, and above all, the stern English Independents, who took possession chiefly of New England, imured by their religion to democratic self-government.The system has come under altogether & now strain since strangers to the virtues that these possessed are defying the government sad threatening to become the ruling element.There will, of necessity, follow cosvulsive oftorts to, as it is there called, assimilate those classes.It might be as well to aim higher than assimilation.There will almost mecessarily follow acts of despers.tion on the part of the Christianity of the land to regain the ascendancy it has lost, or, to use more Christian terms, at length to fulfil the costiy seif-denying service ît has noglecieé.A Benign Influence.B\"\" the real text of what we have Æ7 hoen saying ie the fact that full democracy is only dawning as yet.We still live in the decade that has brought the women more or less into their share of control.Women will, as a.rule, vote as their folk do.There will therefore be no sadden revolution im the results at the polls.The efféct of this development will rather be in the increasing infusion.of woman's mind and sentiments inte the.general resnits through the greater interest takem by women in politics.The women will, it is commonly sssumael, take less interest than the men in whet are at present osiied public questions.It may be that they will continne.to take more proportionate interest in the shop advertisements and the social columns and less in politics than the men.Wat #1 is almost certain that they will take & very pauch larger interest than the mea have done Ma those things that affect oct welldeisg.\u201cHer bands sre switter un g00d,\u201d aud it will henceforth be the party\u2019 or the leader that cares most for fhe home aad its surroundings, for the town's health and morals, for the equipment of the coming generation, that will have their warm and very active support.Many women are ontering on their new responsibilities with long felt and ardent desire to make politics altogether different from.what ît Is.I democracy has Bot reorganized public life on its own basis it is because those specially interested im the mission of de mocragy can only rise by degrees to the use of their powers.As well schooled generations shall succeed to crude and ignorant ones, the power of the people will be stronger and more beneficent.The pressing duty of both Church and State is to see that the comiag genere- tion, whose day is not far off, grows up competent to rule.An Anniversary.E IGHT years have passed aince that day when the worid was wakéned trom its slamberous ease by the thunder of the German guns.\u201cAs in the days be fore the flood\u201d\u2014and as up to the eve of other judgment days,\u2014 we ate, we drank, we bought, we sold, we planted, we build.ed, we married and gave in marriage, and knew not till the flood came and took us all away.None who passed through the war yoars will ever forget them, the first stirring days when it was al! a great adventure, when we ail felt the inspiration of a great unity and a great service; thea the long drawn out years of thickening perils and intensitied horror: of hope de forred that over made the heart sick; of terrible loss and of bitter sorrow.The when at incalculable cost of blood and treasure some steady gains had been made, thore came the Russian debacle, and the German offensive that im a few months reduced that gain to nothing.And then, when It seenied as If the enemy must prevail, there came the tura of the tide which swept onward ustil the idol of blood and iron was broken and victory rested om the banners of honor aad of faith.We have passed one of the great watersheds of the world\u2019s history.Ours is a diferent world from that which Iny before tbe first of August, 1914.But js it à better one?Where la that \u201cnew heaven and new earth\u201d which we looked for and expected when the smoke of battle would clear away?Is there anything that cam bring into the world's peace life that spirit of unity, that spirit of heroic sacrifice, of high-sonled endeavor, which was the soul of good amid the horrible evil of war?We have even heard some sigh for the \u201cgood old days before the war.\u201d But we cannot march backward If we would.We certainly would mot if we cond.For we have reached am era in which all is life and Movement; and where there is life there is infinite hope.All the stirring and tar moil which we see round us is but the breaking forth of now forces which, under the control of the Spirit of God, will yet regemorate the world.Perhaps never since the days of the Roman Empire were men 60 hungry for truth, for certainty, for sure guidance, or at all events, so dissatisfied with the mere demands of usage.And the Power that brought life to the dying Roman world is at hand for our aid.That was à beautiful message given from his deathbed by Albert, Earl Grey, once our Governor Gemeral, well beloved by those who knew him: \u201cI want to say to people that there is a real way out of all the mess materialism has got them into.It is Christ's way.There\u2019s nothing that can belp humaaity, I'm perfectly sure there lan't-\u2014perfectiy sure\u2014except love.Love is the way out, and the way up.That's my farewell to the world.\u201d The Father of The League : AS it thet wellmeasing but pedan, \u2019 \u2018Mc and unpractical Woodrow Wilson whe, to gratify his Utopiak theories of.a better world, forced the League of Ne- tions into the Versailles treaty, to the wrecking of it?According to Ewrope, Wo foolish aad visionary a proposal wae only.accepted to please the professor in order.te secure the inclusion in the treaty of the wiifol United States, without whose cooperation its bappy working would be hopeless.The United States understood that it was Mr.Wilson's doing.Both his emomies amd his friends held to that; and the very thing which was to bring ths United States into the treaty, kept it out.But what do we now learn?It was not the Teutonic and academic slave of theory and reason that did it all, but the versatile, practical, Celtic Lioyd George, whose crimes, as imputed by his enemies, have all been of precisely the opposite nature\u2014a mere opportunist time-server, who did the thing possible at the moment, unheeding the disasters portended What heaps of that sort of thing we have read from the English advocates of the treaty, or rather, of what the treaty ought to have been, for there are good people with whom nothing is right\u2014indeed, everything is rotten, What a reckless juggler he was, with the Supreme Council and with conferences of Prem- fers; it only he could be doing something, it was no matter what, while the worid was visibly disintegrating.To us, devoted to the League, but remote from party strife, it has never seemed so.What the League could and should have done had the na tions been a happy family, it would have been vain to refer to it while more than half the world was outside of it and, pitiful to say, while some powers wished to thwart it.He just had to enter the dem of lions and make the best of things\u2014 sometimes a very poor best.Anyway, no one has been a more constant and believing advocate of the League than Mr.Lioyd George.He, last week, proudly told a gathering of the Frea Churches, whose guest he was, and that, amid great ap plause, that it was he who firet proposed the inclusion of the League in the Treaty, la tbe forefront of which it now stands.But he made it plain that the streagth of the League was spirituel.Im fact, it would work just in so far as the churches made it work oqually dramatic, and equally suddes, THRES A War Warning.KE favoke à study of Mr.Lloyd George's speech as to war.It is the war, he says, that accounts for the present disturbance of the social balance with its consequent agonies everywhere.He had looked up the forgotten after effects of the war that ended ia Waterloo\u2014 a glorious war, as it survives in picture énd in literatare; an utterly horrid asd dutestable thing as judged by its effects on social coaditions\u2014 a tiny war, an in- tinitesimal war as compared with the war we have just had, in the course of which Waterloo was dwarfed a hundred times, The economic upset that has left so much misery and squalor is only the sccompeai- ment to the moral havoc wrought\u2014greater perhaps in these days than in days that knew no better.We, no doubt, stili have people 80 imbued with the old ideas of the naturainess of war and of the homor of the soldier as to receive mo shock om being called out to do their best to kill people.Thess, perbaps, can come through a deadly campaigs with umscarred souls.But it is impossible for the ordinary maa, who has lived in wbat has become the nor- msl conditiom of society under law aad order, to go upon such am errand wa changed.He must either be seared to it, or remember it with a loathing.Good people who have been in it are generally very reticent about their experiences of actual-fighting; it seems to belong to another life.Fortumately for mes's spiritual nerves, tightlig to-day is for the most part iess persomal than it used to be.Probably the worst effect-ie the epidemic of fevered turbulence which, as after a storm, finds all boats adrift.But what Mr.Lloyd George had to say was that, failing a change of heart in mankind, there is another war brewing.Maay mations are preparing for it.When it comes, he says, it will burst like a tempest out of a clear eky, and its destructiveness will be such as, with all our fell experience, we have no notion of.Our cities are all exposed to utter destruction, supposing there are mations diabolic enough to destçay them.Peopls cenpot find themselves ip such peril without making more or.less effort to provide against it And so War conditions, which are the chief cause of war, go on provoking each other.In the same paper ia which we read these warm- \u2018ings of the man on the watch tower, we read also an interview with a German officer who has been engaged in aero- nautice since ever these became of mill tary interest and has made them his one study.This man says that London is simply unprotected, adding that air protection would have to be om a gigantie scale.He may have am interest in so saying, that being his calling.But the moral of the Prime Minister's speech was that it is vain to trust in armament, that strength is on the side of right.It is mot a new view.\u2018Thrice Is he armed that hath his quarrel just\u201d \u201cSome trust im chariots and some in horses, but we will remember the name of the Lord our God.\u201d What then! It depends on the Church, to which the oricle is committed, to communicate the Gospel of pence.Is that what the Church has been teaching?Has the Church been the living Christ to the world?.Can it so teach in a country such as Germany was, where the clergyman was part of the imperial machine of which the Great General Staft was a dominant part; or In an England, where every parson had a brother who was a soldier by profession, looking to war for promotion; or, indeed.in any country whose school-books are beaded with battles.It is for the Cburch to become à new heaven, and to bring about a new earth.The stir of prohibition enemies in New Zealand is but a reflection of their agits: tion in Amorica.Perbaps they realise that now or never is the time to do something; their action at least is indicative of desperation.They doubtless are cognizant of the fact that prohibition is a matter of slow growth; that to perfect the process will mean a change of habits, a new generation that, knowing nothing of the open saloon or legalised liquor, will little occasion or desire for use of inf cants.Meanwhile, the determined, though quiet, endorsement of prohibition by the great mass of people remains a stone wall agalost which the vociferous element may break themselves to no purpose \"es evon in New Zealand FOUR __ MON (REA: TNE NLS cas w LETTERS FROM READERS.AN ECHO FROM AFAR (To the Editor of the Witnese) ,\u2014 Your esteemed faver of June êth, enclosing order that you did not find it mocessary to cash received yesterday.Many thanks.1 do indead rejoice that you were em- abled to pass the crisis safely, and that you haow and ackmowledge the source of all your strength.He la faithful and we should ever remember that.\u201cThe eyes ef the Lord are over the religious asd His cars are open unto their prayers (1 Pet 3:13-17) I appreciate most highly your kindness ams} courtesy in continuing to send me a weekly copy of the Witness.most highly for its sound principles and wealth of news and valuable information.With best wishes for its prosperity and trusting it will be spared jomg to be n service to the coumtry.Sarak F.Howie, (Mrs.Goss ol-Hewis.) Ehweir, Mount Lebanon, Syria, July 8, 1922.MIDLE SELECTIONS IN SCHOOLS (To the Dditor of the Witness) 8ir,\u2014A certain doctor tells a story something Hke this:\u2014He war given an artificial leg, the person to whom it aad to be amputated.seuted with the artificial limb which was moine to church moet faithfully.Jeveller was the cause of its next used by a Methodist, and every Sunday it was found is ode of the sacred of this denomination.This was the same leg all the time; the changes fn its church relationnbipe made au change =\u201d The mere leavimg one religions séct and fH Supreme a canmet .bere are teas of thoasand childres who will never hear it read it is read in the schools.All parts Beok are important for the pur- for which they were writteæ.but in ts own place.But there are are oppesed to our young people reading this Beok.Selections wers printed some years ago for the use of Ontario Schools, and 1 am delighted to ses.from the Moutreal Witmess of 19th July, 1922, what | did mot know, that the Roman Catholie Arehbishop of Teroate - Ms Seproval of ita use, y ie it that the Book containing these selections je \u2018Bow ost of print?They were chosen by s committee of rainisters and laymen of different denomiostius.They extend im consecutive order from the first of the Bible to the end of it.The nD on the Meunt is included, which grentest production on morals the has ever known er will knew.It ren in their early days became with God's reguirements as bere we would bave fewer in the penitentiaries.Had these be been used ia the German Schools e Primaries to the Universities would have been ne war.Instead, places it was declared thet the on the Mount needed reforming mot being suitable for a superior and do- mizant people as the Germans are.Some years ago ! saw the statement that if the Slermon on the Mount could not be re placed it would be better to destroy all the books apart from the Bible than de wiroy it At first thought 1 said, with the thousands of very valuable boeks in the werid surely this oannet be irwe.But i ! SEE HE \u2019 t 1 value is, EDWARD PAYNE ah July, 1982.A MAN OF THE PEN AND THE PLOW The \u201cBystander at the Office Window\u201d of the Toronto Globe, says:-\u2014Howard Angus Keanedy blew in from his Alberta farm after fipishing his seeding, and forthwith delivered am address on fairy stories to the workers of the juvenile department of the Toronto Public Library.It seems à long way from the vir gin fields of the West to the imaginative fields of fairyland, but Mr.Kenneds is ene of those British.Camadians who bave pat years of preaching about Canada at last to the test, and is conducting real work on the laæd.For years after his youth ia Nmgland be was City Editor of The Montreal Witness, and later Bditor of The Loudon Times Weakly Ddition, but between whiles he has written of fairies and other delightful but intaugible things.His \u201cNew World Fairy Book\u201d has run into seversl editions in the Old Country, and is also well known on this side.It is regarded as the standard work giving Im dian legends of Camada amd the United States in a form suitable for children.Through its pages the fascinating Oesa- wippi, Indian Chief, constantly appears.Mr.Keanedy, who early found a natural from an old Indian chief at Oka, om the north shore of the Ottawa River, who had Fine Canadian Works \u201cNew World Fairy Book\u201d which a sixth edition is now being priat- ed, is a notable example of the fine Cana dian werks wbich are far -better known ¥ paper's war eerrespondent, first with the column that relieved Battleford and fought at Cwtkmite Hill.them with the mounted force that west hanting Big Bear sad bis prissmers in the far north.A NEUTRAL SEA (Providence Jowrnal) Some of the States en the Ba ste enced by Mossow, are nora to be planning À conference with a view to peu- tralising the son.It is am iateresting pro- Jeet, but even an agreement by (be mations which front ea the Baltic would not amount to much unless all the world Powers recognized it.Before the World War the Baitic was acknowledged to be what in international law is styled a \u201cclosed\u201d sea.And that amounted to its neutrai- izaticn, inasmuch as belligerent acts by the fleets of Powers not fronting on ft might have been prevented had the Baitie cous- tries joined in ferbifding it to be madd a theatre of war in case of hostilities between such Powers.\u2018The Black Sea was act a \u201chigh\u201d sea re the war, Ruesia and Turkey jointly having an ackmowiedz- sd jnrisdiction over it.Ho, too, the Irish Sen is exclusively British territory.But the Baltic is now open and it seeme un- ifkely that much headway will be made in cons it or establishing « neutmal states A NEW GERMARY WILL RISE (Londen Daily Express.) Germany is plunging into the economie ruts that bas overwhelmed Austria and Polasd.Bat.great mations, unlike wen, MS LU AGE.eae.world's.The treaty is a millstone about Burvpe's neck.If the Allien do met act, Germany, the conquered, will scrap the treaty\u2014by a default whioh canmot be pe- vetted.This must not happen.A FAMOUS JOURNALIST'S STORIES One of Quosa Victoria's wrote to her for a \u2018tip.\u2019 She roplied \u2018warning the youth aguinst the consequences of tor! extravagant habits in early youth, wi he replied: \u2014 : \u2018Dearest Grandma\u2014] received your letter and hope you will not think | was disappointed because you could not send me any money, It was very kind of you to give me the good advice, and I sold your letter for £4 10s.\u201d .+ + .This is one of Sir Heary Lucy's stories in the second volume of hia \u201cDery of a Journalist.\u201d Dean Staniey\u2019s Sermon There is, says Sir Henry, s familier story about the late Dean Stanley \\llus- trative of his peculiarities of manner.Ore was the preservation of absolute int mobility in the pulpit.Preaching one morning at Westminster Abbey be at the close of the service remarked to his wife upon the exceptional steadfastness of the attention of the congregation.\u201cThay never cmos seemed to take their eyes off me\u201d he said, evidently touched by this testimony to his power as a preacher.\u201cI don't wonder, my dear,\u201d Lady Angus ta replied, \u201cseeing you had one of your gloves on top of your head all the time you were preaching.\u201d Placing his gloves im his hat he put it on on leaving home.The Dean had been glove that remained there.That is probably a marrative from the stock of that well-known collector Ben 3 z f B a} possibility of catastreplie.\u201cIt's ali right,\u201d said the Deam, smiling Imewingly, \u2018T've got my foot oa ths duck.\u201d The Poor But Henest Bishep Sir Menry Lucy alse tells this story about a popular Bishop.Visiting a coun try house, the hostess, anxious to do him homer, adorned the table im his dressing: room with & costly ouvlisction of sitver The right reveressd guest, who, it was remembered, had sBarply deciimed tio nervions of a valet in packing wp, had, in advertently.of course, gone off with the treasere-trove.Hew.tn upproach him en 90 delicate s subject?The natural impulse was to wait until Be had had an eppor- nity of dissevering bis mistake, whem he would, of course, end bask the things.A fortnight passed sand the Bishop made no sign.Them the hostess sat.dowam and wrote a letter that was a masterpiece of delicate diplomacy.Having discussed various topics of the hour, and warmly expressed the pleasure her husband, ber family.and herself had derived trom his visit, she quite casually mentioned the stiver-backed brushes, Ila menting the stupidity of the chambermaid, who could not find them.Back came à prompt telegram from him: \u201cPoor bat houest,\u201d it ram.\u201cLeck fa the \u201cOn opening s disused cupbeand near the fireplace the lost treasures were found.What had happened was that the Bishop, preferring the Spartan simplicity of the ac esssories of his own dressing bag.md pst sway the silver-meunted things, using his own brushes.Discovery at Windsor Castle Here is the gtory of a diesevery at Windsor Gastle, made upon King Biward's aocessien.+ When the Prines Consort diod.a bust was made with the assistamce of a cast taken from his face.This up te ths last airing to perpetuate the personal appear.aare of Bushund asd wife at the time of thelr séparati:- od inside \u2018This Iatter disappeared from view, afd war a long-lived tradition in the db mestic circle at Windeor Giai by diese tion of the Queen, it had been hidden away.Enquiries made of ose of Lhe olf servants na the domeitic staff at the time of the death of the Prince Consort ces.firmed the story.He was able to point to a place where the bust was walled im.Bricks and mortar removed, the bust was rescued, and the Queen and Prince Com ax they wers forty years ago, wade © more side by side In marble presentment.\u2019 A Scrap of Paper When ! was Sir John Hays guest im his Washington Mouve, says Str Henry.he showed me a strip of paper he highly.valued.It was a line scrawled by Abrae ham Lincols, dated September 33, 1363, recalling with curious minutsnces of pas allel the jourmey (0 Lomdea of Jeante Deans, as (eld in the \u2018Heart of Mide thies\u201d During tbe Civil War the sister of à young soldter who bad fnilen asleep et his post and was straightway sentenced te be shot travelled trom Indiana te Washington to plead with the sommanding of ficer for tbe life of he brother.The Genvrai refusing even te nee her, the giri made her way to the White House, and ob taining sccess to the President, told him her story.\u201cWill General please see and hear this young lady,\u201d Lincoln wrote om a haif.sheet of sotepaper.Even as he signed jt the Genaral eat: the room, and.more obed feat to the dent's command thas to the sister's pleading, he remitted the sem The geod work aecomplished Lincoin crampled up the slip of paper and threw it inte the wastepaper basket, whemee M0 was rescusd by Colonel John y, at the time Lincoln's Secromary, later Rovesvelt's right-hand man at Washing: on .A NEW CANADIAN INDUSTRY (By KR M.Tandy) Te the list of things which Canada dees (and dees wall) to the mumber ef our native industries\u2014we must now add the production of Moving Pictures.The, from the stamdpoint of Nuetional develep the exploits of foreign people, tamiliar with their history.kmow ibtie i 3 Ë i | | ZA 2 8 i ; i fl il É i Et a Ë 8 *g g £ Ë ' the people which inspired the writers.There is a world of difference.Whe knows in Redwood how a Jumberman om the Upper Ottawa dresses?Whe in Leag Isiand mews the proper ascoutremmat of a rider of our western plaim?The pe tures that Shipman sends to the word of Canadian life, industry and enterprise have the flavor of Canadian envirenmest.Pictures of Canadian Life This is tree of \u201cTho Shy Pliet,\u201d the beck belered around the world.It ie true of \u2018Cameron of the Royal Moumted,™ \u201cBack tp God's Country,\u201d amd of everm other piatwre that Shipmaa has produced.Shipman has done another worthy thing.sulling and distributing of the flms whew made.Thess are nt this writing, (ve mere pictures in the making.Ose, \u201cThe Rapids,\u201d by Alan Sullivan, at Sault Ste, .Murio\u2014the other, \u201cThe Man from Ghee : gasry,\u201d by Ralph Commer.being made ald.: @ttawan, the latter being the subjest of the article in Maelean'« Magasine print this pampbiet.Dread suits, cabarets amd joy riding have played an imconsequamtisl part in the upbultitag of this country.Canadian civilisates hes been hewed from the forest by mes asd wemen of simple thought amd grim de termination.It tp the struggles and pas \u201coss and ashievements of these pessie that the world wants to ee in pices.And in such themes, as Shipman knewa, Canada is 8 fascinating rad isexhasstd ble storehouse.Ma.lean's Megn.ine LLOYD GEORGES CALL TO THE CHURCH Fear that the nations of Ku ope are drifting toward another war has prompted Premier Lloyd George to sound a warning against the upbuliding of new armies and machises of war.He is urging that publie opinies mobdi- lxe itselr at once to check this spirit of hostility, befors \u201ca match is dropped\u201d on the expidaive material now scattered over the face of Europt, Speaking rt n luncheon of the Noa- couformist Church in London, the British Premier called or all churches to combine to make another war impossible.There is & growing suspicion that a con- ict ls coming again, Lloyd George said.Nations are bui'\u2018ing up armies\u2014nations which I'll not say did mot exist, but na.tons that have heem submerged and buried are building up new armies.They have adimositios, national fears, suspicions, dislikes and ambitions which have beea fos- red and exaggerated.Keep your eye om what is happening.War on Women Soma nations, the Premier asserted, are constructiag more terrible machines of war than were ever made during the last struggle, machines not designed to disperse armies, but to attack defeaceless cities, and maim, kill, poison, mutilate and bura helpless womea and children.M the next war ever comes, it wili be a war of civilisation itself, the Premier warned.While pointing out that Great Britain has reduced its arany, navy and air forces, thus setting an example for the whole world, he iusisted that it would be difficult ta continue this policy as long as other nations are builéing up thelr military strength.Tt is dificult for a nation to remain defenceless while other nations are building np Jrmaments of destruction; the Premier The horrors of war he had sees bad made him vow \u201cto consecrate my remsin- ing energies to make it impossible for hu- meaity again to pass through the fire, terment, cruelty, horror and squaler of war.\u201d At this moment the strongest passions of the human heart are themse) où the side of war, the British Premier told the churchmen.hoe of Nurope.When the match, is drop pod it will be (00 inte to wave the \u2018covenant of the of Nations.Et 15 a new Public opimion must be behind the machinery ot peace.He remarked that he was the first ome at Paris te propose that the League of Nations should be an cssea- AMERICAN LABOR UNDER THE GUN?J.Cleve Dean, Chairman of the Railway Employee's Publicity Association, bas written to the President of the United Btates as fellows: IL wish Le point out to you that the rail way employees and miners\u2019 who are on strike are loyal American citisens aad are only executing their constitutional rights.A large percentage of them fought oa Nuwropean soil that thefe might De so more war, and for you ar any Gov- oor to \u2018sttempt to operate the mises or raliroads by military forces or to attempt to draft men Into miming or rail- rowed service would be an attempt to es tabiteh an lnvetuntary servitude.And | dare to predir: « - in attempted by you them the lomg-pre- dicted war between labor and capital wik loom up.The American farmer and labor have come to realize the hostiie attitude of the G.O.P.toward them, and they realise that the hard times that now exist is a premeditated plan te bring the farmer and labor down to their knees.The bicod of the American farmer and labor is at a boiling heat, because they came to the firm conclusion that their Government, or your Administration at least, is against them.1 pray (hat it will wot come.yet ! feet at, liberty to predict that fn your attempt to piace American Inbor under the gun nothing short of a revolution wit] bappen.I am a lover of peace and harmony, yet | am for these striking ratiway employees and miners and I know that they will put forth every possible means to keep paace in our country.But these are days whfch \u2018try the very souls of men,\u201d and | am hoping that you will be wise enough to eee the dark clouds that are on the horison amd will change your nititude so as tv remove clouds.\u201cRY President's y.Preshlent, in 2 of his re vy 7 MONTREAL WITNESS AND CAN ADIAN HOMBOTEAO, There la ao dicpute about the loyal American citisenship of the mes oa strike, Bor will any one question that many of them gave everything that men can give for the service of this country in the World War.Nor is tt disputed that the men or strike are exercising their conati- tutional and lawful rights, under existing statutes.in deciining to work under the terme decided by the Railroad Labor Board or tendered to the workmen by the mine operators of the country.No one has attempted or proposed to draft free men into either the railway or mining service, or suggested coercion um- der military force.The military forces of free America are never used for such & purpose.Their service is only that of preventing lawlessness and violence.That same unchallenged freedom which permits you and your associates to decline to work is no less the heritage of the freo American who chooses to accept employment under the terms proposed.The difference between the two positions is that the striking railroad workars ezer- cise their rights of freedom in seeking to hinder the necessary transportation of the country.notwithetandiag the provision made by the law for the considers- tion of any just grievance, and tbe striking miners seek to prevent the production of coal nec to common welfare, not: withst/nding the offer of an agency to make an impértial settiement while the men who choose to work in response to the call of the country ave exarcdising their Hke rights.and at the same time are making their contribution to our common American welfare.WARM WOODS OF FRANCE Do the shopkeepers ever rest in France?Asks Florence Bone, in Sunday at Home.Before breakfast, and after supper, their shops were open.it was a favorite stroll at dusk to go down to the village, to buy butter or bomey.or packets of chocolate, so cheap and good.Madame Confitare, socalled because she sold jam, became our friend.The washerwoman was à per- sea of parts and possessed one of the hap- plest faces | have ever seen.How she wrestled with clean clothes in several while only kmowing one, she alone knew, hut she never made mistakes.Her chalet was a contre of ceusless activi- i are no woods just like those warm, Sowerstrews, mysterious, haunted woods of France.Whether it fs at Versailles, the home of kings, or under the mountains, the home of peasants, there seems to be always a murmur of other times and other worlds, Every littio clearing looks as though the |.fairies lived in it.Cushions uf moss, tiny trees.red bil-Lerry leaves.little starry flowers\u2014they seem to have boon just deserted by the Littie People Here one comes uwpea o solitary meau- ment, where a scientist lies baried.It is washed church, with its tower and frescoes.But the ves are à mass of colored bead- tinsel flowers, modern photographe vé the deud, under glass, and even tiny chima dolls, sitting amoung the beads, I suppose, to impersomale angels.The old peasant woman in church had upon their placid faces that jook which means real faith and geniine prayer.But they seemed to be the only :bing that was not tawdry, except the picture of Ssimt Anthony, with the Christ Child im his arms.Our chalet ad once obviously been a home farm.Its woods opened round am old chateau With long windowa and grees shuciors, It was empty, and oup peeped intd strange, dusty rooms, gilt and lar- nished, whispering of the past, a piace of dead romance, which still baunts the at- moaphere from old, lived-out lives.Big Chicago Expiesion.Nearly 100 persons, many of them .child- rem, were burned, or otherwise injured when the 180-foot gas tamk, containing more than 4,000,000 cubic fest of gas.Throop and Klesaoor streets, Chicago.ex- pioded Monday.The cause of the biast has mot been determined.The police say that the destruction of the plant mey make It ditficult ever to fix the camse.It is reported that there was a minor explosion eariier jm the day, but it was so slight thai no attention was paid to it.Charles Ross, assistant steward on the Canada Steamship Lines Limited steamer Rapids Prince, which was aground in the Lachine Rapids, was drowned about 7.38 o'clock Monday eveming according to a wireless message from the Rapide Prince, received im Montreal, AUGUST $, 1022.POPULARITY OF MOVING PICTURES Amazing Statistics The extraordinary popularity of fms throughout the whole of the civilized worid je prousé by a series of statistics that bave been recently gathered together by the German publication JAchtbliébuhne.According to these figures, which are de clared to be as accurate as is possible, there are altogether throughout the world forty-seven thoussnd picture theatres.Of these, America claims tweaty-five thou \u2018sand and Europe about twenty thousand.In the United States alone there are as many as eighteen thousand.Of the European countries, Germany easily leads the way, \u201cfor in that country there are 3,731 picture theatres, anc Russia follows with a mumber that is as nearly as possible estimated at 3,500.[mn this cass, owing to the unsettled mature of the country, statistics were dificult to obtain.In Great Britain there are about three thousand Picture thestres.In the remaining European countries the numbers of cinemas are approximately as follows: France, 2,400; Italy, 2,200; Austria, 800; Belgium, 778; Scandinavia, 703; Poland, 300; Holland, 227; Hungary, 180: Spain, 156; Csecho- Slovakia, 23; Switesrland, 123; Yugo.Slavia, 117; Turkey, 3%; and the Balkans, 32.Africa, Australia and Asia bave together 1,361 picture theatres, and the American total ls divided as follows: United States, 18,000; Canada, 760; South America, 1,260: and Ceofinl America, 660.\u2018The chief interest in these figures lies im the umexzpectedly large totai of such theatres in Germany.It was common knowlodge that the United States had far more cimemas than any other part of the world and, therefore, their total of nearly twenty thousand is not unexpected; but it is hardly realized in this country that Germany actually possesses over seven huadred more cinemas {han Britain.Moreover, it must be remembered that Germany is also only cecond to the United States among the film-producing countries of the world.There are actually in that country more tham ome thousand film.producing and film apparatus-producing firms.Germany is making great efforts to imgrove its position in the film world of Europe.One renson for the German preponderance is the sympathy and active help extended to the cinematograph trade by the Goverameat aad powerful oficial bodies, and is this respect England is certainly à very long way behind.STEAMER SERVICE TO WEST INDIES The Government of.Newfoundiand will open an sllyear freight aad limited pes- songer stehmshil service between Gt John's and the Went Indies ia October, if steamers can be procured at a reasosable figure, it is annouzted at St.John's.One boat would leave St.John's every six MONTREAL WERKLY WITNESS and CANADIAN HOMESTEAD Edited by JOHN REDPATH DOUGALL Canada\u2019s Leading Natiesal »wspapec.- Always Independent and Dependable, Strong and Courngeons.Besides epiendié News Features it has special Departments edited by exporte, of tn- terest to aH members of the family, and to walks of life.Ita Market and Stock Reports and Pt Review are fair and most trust - worthy.Its Literary Review, splendid Short and Haris! Biories, Home Department.roang People\u2019s Departmnts\u2014cover à wide range human interest.hs Queries and An on LA cul 3 erinary, all subjects.Including 3 ite De- Poe 8 ere bree riEed for thete penctical Informa tion.mes vin » ond and y 14 \u201cWitness\u201d editorial peges are unique.and worth the fult price to anyone, especially 08 à year.30.EN TRIAL te ven Sadacribers oN WORLD WIDE Canada\u2019s Jeading Weekly Review.AN the aust eed he Fores feat onset cu femiophores.5 selections from the best SE Ene ok Tet PT De Ta feast of res and a flow of soul\u201d S08, Almost every article you send to a friend, or put only $1.98.NORTHERN MESSENGER Our vid family,\" -toller™ friend, the Noe th he Canadise people: t pm id TU tay eo won spont me to eine = content.strong ally 4 the tem- The reduced rates that we take advantage t rt Se bon ar0 notren tite t& the advantage Raturaily Ca rive weeks under the pian, and, should condi tions warrant, amcther would be sdded ia October, 1923, and a three woeks' service maintained.The southern ports of call would inclede Havana, San Juan, Jamsics.Porto Rico, Martinique.Barbadoes, Trinidad and other West indian points.Tenders are being asked for two suit able steamers of shout two thousand tens deadweight (oapecity, and with first-class Accommo R for twealy passengers; their speed to be about twelve knots.STAMP TAX NOW EFFECTIVE Business: circles are being reminded thut Tuesday, August 1, the new stamp tax went into effect.This is the adét tional taxation wnich Hos.W.8.Fielding included in his budget last session of Par- lament.The tax as then announced provided that two cents sbould be charged for each fifty dollars of the amount of a cheque without any limit being set.It was pointed out to the minister that this would entail severe hardship on many business firms, especiaily would it ad versely affect financial interests to the extent as to make some operations almost impossible, and the minister consented te set an amount of $2 as the maximum to be charged on a cheque, no matter what the amount may be.Commencing Tues day, therefore, cheques must be stamped at the rate of two cents for each $50 of the amount of the cheque, but whea the amount of the cheque is over $5,000 thors will be no increase, remaining at $2.TRUE PHILOSOPHY His years were not so many, mor his stature very big; His eyes required no glasses, and he did not wear à wi,; Yet, answering every problem with e remedy so sage, We found that truest wisdom does mot af Ways spring from age.- He tried it in his lessons, and be used RB It won\" the.Highe brought won highest homors, and trophies of the day: ; And when we gently asked him for a basis of his plan, He said, \u201cYou can\u2019t do better tham the very best you can.\u201d We've used it since in worry, and k works Just like a charm; R saved à \u201cdeal ot trouble\u201d and hae calmed down each alarm: Whea bothered by misfortune, when sie or e'en perplexed, = if 18 a press of business you cam barfly tell what's mext\u2014 \u2018Then pause for just à moment and comfort te the plam; : (You can\u2019t do any \u2018better than tbe very - best you cat.\u201c\u2014Selecteé.ANNUAL SUBSCRIPTION FACTS PS 1922 prices\u2014Now available :\u2014 REGULAR AND OLUB RATES 4 great Family Club of AR 20 Three for 9425; worth 2.1 A GREAT FAMILY OLUR - other of three publications completely satel the whole family.oe SPECIALLY REDUCED ANNUAL CLUB COMBINATIONS, 1.Weekly Witness - .2.World Wide .3.Northern Cee ee Publicati ve Months Woerth \"and World Wide for $4.00 $4.80 + « Messenger fer 02.25 22.00 World Wide and * for $0.00 98.10 Those taki advantage of any of CLUB COMBINATIONS.way ales send In new tions to any of the three at hree-quarters of the full regular price, For Mentrea! Island and St.Lamberts.i Add te ibe rates the cost of leeal tien, namely, the \u201c\u201cWitm: distribu a Wide 5e enr\u201d jonal.for Worl rll fer hs \u201896 6e cents 2éditions] Fer Foreign Countries.ha rates th te ren nn ot ema, for \u2018World Wide\u201d 82.06 séditional for the \u2018\u2019Msapen er\u201d 64 cents adéitionat For U.8, : Additional postage: \u201cWitaess™ hos Wide 25 cents, \u201cMessenger\u201d 16 Beading Money.; No subscription may be paid by cheque - ieee has written clearty e thy werk ¥en at Pur Mantras Sores k il eur te = vmsil amour 1, ?and Se.denominations.ater denominations canmor be eg way to send JOHN DOUGALL & SON.Publishers.\u2018Witness\u2019 Block, Montreal j costa, lo canvassers er au uv unless they have addreasnd credentials from ws Les fonvionat canvassers.Among Sas are Dring secured and fer.I 2 ioe \u201cmilheut lr Chk a aruae, me Ioe 08 (he remit Lance made by money weer. Mi.CE eel A GUNY : NEWS OF THE WEEK .r MONTREAL AUGUST 2, 1822.THE CLEAN-UP IN IRELAND Irregulars\u2019 Resistance Nearly Broken All the main towns in the Connemara district have now been cleared of insurgent troops, and rapid progress te being made by the National forces in the west and the Munster province.An official report says there is good d for boping that within the next fortnight (be organised resistance of the Republican irregulare will have been so Woken that further postponement of the Irish parliament will be unnecessary.At present five members of the Provincial Government cabinet and 16 other members of the Dail are actively engaged in the suppression of disorders.The principal fighting in the south at t is taking place around Kilmallock.With Kilmallock in the hands of the Free State troops, Mallow and Fermern may be the scene of the next irregular stand, ta which case both flanks would be endangered: The irregulars are expected to fight desperately to avoid such a catas- tro; pue stated that Kilmalloc% ia occupled dy about 500 and strongiy forti- fled.No fighting on a large scale has yet occurred in the town.but it is expect- od it will be the scene of a stern struggle owing to its strategic importance, being vital to the lines cf:communication of the De Valera is reported to be making Carrick-on-Sair, Tipperary, his headquar ters.Irregulars are concentrating there and at Butlerstown.Business la suspended in both, these towns.CAPTURE OF TIPPERARY The town of Tipperary wag captured by Pros State troops Sunday moraing.The sttack was commenced Setarday by troops from Dublin.No progress was made for some bours owing to the absemce of artillery.The frregulars were well fortified and commanded the mats road with machine-guns.The firing died away just befete midnight, but was renewed at § o'clock in the morning, and the Free Staters succeeded eventually im getting aromnd the town and turned the positions of the irregulars.Sharp houseto-bouse fighting followed, but the town was won sad fpety-teur prié omers were Former Dail Representative Wounded.Harry Boland, former representative of the Dail Eireann in the United Statos, is in a critical condition in a Dublfu hospital as a result of wounds received in attempting to evade capture by National army troops.Boland and a friend spending the week-end at the Grand 1, In Skerries, a fishing town north of Dublin.On Monday morning at two o'clock troops aur- rounded the hostelry and entered Boland's room to arrest him.In resisting arrest, Boland drew a revolver, and during the scuffle that followed, the message adds, he was shot in the abdomen.Boland'a companion also was arrested.The incident caused a.great commotion in the hotel, which was crowded with visitors.A hunger strike on the part of some of the men now awaiting fiogging in the Belfast jail is delaying the punishment of the prisoners.Nine sentences this Character have been imposed recently im sddition to long terms of imprisonment given several of the defendants for having revolvers or bombs in their possession.Three of the mem have begun hunger strikes.Ia the cases of the nine men affected, , the sentences aggregated twenty-six years : and 115 lashes.Feeling of Satisfaction The mews released by the censor of the combined land and sea operations at Westport has given intense satisfaction.Much admiration has been expressed for General McKeown's troops, who in their forced march on Castlebar, endured great hardships.Packages of rations, coats, Blankets and all heavy equipment had to be discarded by the men, who were allowed no respite.They had no food or drink but kept steadily pushing on, bulld- fag bridges, clearing away obstacles and breaking down stone barriers all through the night.Their march of nearly twenty-seven miles is credited by the National offic.ors as one of the finest yet made by the Free State forces.Not a man fell out, though many suffered from torn fest and severe thirst.All horse transport avail able was commandeered along the route.\u2018The Cabinet at a meeting Friday decid- od to refuse to consider the suggestions aévanced at the recent meeting in Cork for an armistice fa the south.The Government will assent to nothing short of conditions! surreader by the irregular 108 Prisoners Kecaped « hole blown fa the wall by a mime, 105 prisoners emcaped from the Dundalk jail, County Louth.The shock of the explosion shook the town, shatter ing the windows of the county hoapital, and the houses of the town's best resk dential district.- Fifty of the prisoners who escaped were rearrested.Other arrests include Michael Donnelly, who was commander of the irregulars about Dundalk.\u2018The explosion was heard at every point within a ten mile radius.The fugitives were hotly pursued.It is eatimated that a hundred republicans participated ia the mine laying and later scattered in small parties.One of these parties commandeered a locomotive in the Great Northern Rallway sheds.Wireless Station Damaged The Clifden radio station on the coast of Galway has been put out of commis ston by the itrregulars, who destroyed a part of it on Friday.It was the first long distance station on the \u2018British Isles end mainiend communications with Glace Bay and with ships at sea.Reports received by the Marconi company from Galway indicate that the damage done to the Clifden radio station on the coast of Galway, which was set on fire by the irish izvegulars, was not as serious as at fms Bupposed.The Marcon! officials said they hoped to re-establish direct communication with Glace Bay within twenty-four hours.Meantime mee- sages for Canada are being sent from the new station at Ongar, in Essex.The main building, moet of the machinery and the condenser house at tbe Clifden station are virtusily intact, but many of the overhead and underground No Terms to Rebels The Free State Cabinet at a meeting | on Friday decided to refuse to considet | the saggestions advanced at the recent meeting in Cork far an arpistice the South.The Government to nothing short of unconditional surrender by the irregular forces.POLITICAL DIFFICULTY IN ITALY After ox-Premier Orlando's fafiure to form a new cabinet followed by Bonoimi's, the Crown is placed ia a rather embar rassiug situation, says & massage to the New York Times.Signor de Nicola, prasident of the Chamber of Deputies, ani leader Signont Meda, Catholics; who ars the most at thoritative polititians next te Orlando, do not wish to accept responsibility for \u2018power, and the situatior.seems insoluble.Some suggest calling on Orlando again, but the outlook is not changed from last week, whea he was abliged to give up the task entrusted to him.ent Chamber, owing to the grouping of the various parties, it is practically impossible for any man to have a sufficient majority.to remain Im power with the authority to estab order in the country, bring about pacification, amd meet others problems confronting Italy, chiet among them being the financial situation.If a cablnet is formed favorable to the Fascisti it would have the Catholics, Socialists and Communists against it and would be in a minority.Instead, if a new ministry were favorable to the Com muniste and Socialists, tbe opposition would be formed by the Fascistl, Conservatives and Democrats of various tenden- cles.leaving the administration again ia the, mihority, taking foto account s cer tain number of deputies who shil from .one side to another.RUSSIAN ARMY BEING REORGANIZED \u2018The reorganization of the Russian army oR a peace basis is proceeding rapidly.The active \u201cforce\u201d is now reduced to a low figure for such a great country.It ig announced in the press that a mixed commission of representatives of the war and finance ministries has been appointed to determine the rates of pay for the troops.It is mo small tribute to Trotsky's genius that he has taken these steps at a time\u2014before the harvest is gathered\u2014 when Russia's need of money is greatest and when the efforts of Pllandski, the former military dictator, and the Polish Francophiles to maintain Poland in à militarist path still menace Russia's peace.He has reduced the active army, says a message from Moscow, to not so much more than a quarter of a million men\u2014 of whom many are sew recruite\u2014sctual- ly with the colors.Of course, there are a million and a quarter more reservists trained for the Red army, who could be re-epiisted in a fortnight and behind them other millions would be ready to defend the country against foreign or counter.evolutionary aggression.But they are now om the land, busy rea jing the harvest that will prove to the world that Russia Tire which fed the station were destroy- Lople.The real trouble is that in the pres-| GREECE PLANS TO SEIZK CONSTANTINOPLE Allies Will Oppose by Force Any Move Toward Turkish Capital A pote sent \u2018by the Greek Government to the Aliles respecting the intentions of Greece in Asia Minor emphasizes the view that the occupation of Constantinople is the only means of bringing about peace, and says (reece bas iad arrangements with that se in view.The note boss the Allies to issue the necessary orders to the army of Briga- dier-General Sir Charies Harington, commander of the Allidd forces {n Constantinople, and says it is confident difficulties will not be imposed In the way of Greece.The note adds that by the neutralisation of Constantinopte the Allies are protecting, instead of coercing, Turkey, and thus depriving Greece of means for imposing peace.The Turkish atrocities, the note continu es, make it vital for Greece to adopt more energetic measures against the Purks, dut the Greek Government is willing to discuss the matter with the Allies.will oppose by force any move toward Constantinople has caused deep discouragement and disappointment in Greece, as the newspapers had been leading the people to belleve that Greek ocoupation of Constantinople would not be resisted by the Allies.The note of the Greek Government to the Allled powers, bas provoked a ively exchange of views between Paris, London and Rome with a view of'forestalling any effort.by the Greeks against Constantin- Opinion in official circiea is convinced that the Greek pisn is to attack from Thrace, in view of the failure of ihe op erations in Amatolla.Both France and Italy are understood to be absolutely opposed to any such action.News received from Constantinople states that there was great agite tion on receipt of the news of the Greek note.The Aled High Cummissioners are endeavoring to reassure the population by posting proclamations stating that the High Commission has decided to prevent any incuteiohs into the territory con fided to their \u2018asre.* is understood The Freuch te have péri 1er action on the part of the Alifes by application of military forcé ff neusssary, to prevent any attack n\".Constantinople.No word has as yet bean rebzived from London, but in view gf the action of the High Commission at Constantinople which is presided over by a Britisher the British are supposed to be in accord.Statement of Lioyd George Prime Minister Lloyd George, replying to questions in the House of Commons oa Monday, sald that on the same day the Greek Government proposed the occupation of Constantinople by Greek troops, the British Government warned the Greek Government of the serious consequences of such a step.In reply to this warning, he said, the Greek Foreign Minister \u2018had given positive assurance that thers was no cause for alarm and that the Greek forces, under 00 circumstances would enter the neutral sone without Allied consent.The premier said that this assurance had since besa reaffirmed.General Townsende View Major-General Charles V.F.Townshend, commander of the British troope which surrendered to the Turks at Kut-el-Amara fn the campaign for Bagdad during the | war, and who was reported recently to be on a private mission to Angora, is quoted in an Angora message as declaring before leaving the Turkish National- fat capital on Sunday, that a speedy peace between Turkey and Greece would be nos sible if the Greek should immediately evacuate Asia Minor.If this territory were returned to Turkey, he declared, alli other points could easily be settled.General Townshend expressed his com viction that a serious situation would ensue it the peace negotiations failed.COAL STRIKE SITUATION Government Takes Centrel The Federal Government, with the co operation of the states, assumed on Monday the duties of a middleman, passing on the coal from the producing mines to the industries and localities which, in the eyes of the Government, need it most.Just how much coal the Government can count on remains & matter of speculation.The requirements of Canada will not likely be taken into consideration fa the emergency fuel control organization's plans.This was indicated by Hecretary of Commerce Hoover, who is chalrthan of the recently appointed federal coal distribution committee.Mr.Hoover in the courne of a statement which was a broad outline of the scheme for emergency die- ~\u20148eviet Russia\u2014is omce more a great and stable country.tribution ofthe coal supply, announced that the comsuittes bas ecommended to Geners! Harigton's declaration that he\u201d Canadian consumer that they import coal \u201ctor their own safety.\u201d + This is taken as an fodication that ihe Dominion will have to rely upon ite own resources.Whether {t will mean an embargo of the shipment of coal to Canada, ur merely means that the various industrial see tions of the country will have priority tm the appointment of cars for the shipment of coal is not known.Reiterating that be was satisfied va the prospects of an early settlement the coal strike, J.LIL Lewis said on: Frk day he would not discuss any of the turns in the situation developed in the vark ous coal mining centres.His attitude is that there will be no reply from the United Mine Workers of America to any statements of groups of operators pending the preliminary arrangements for the joint conference.The mine chief adheres to the single proposition that there will be sgh a conference, and belleves the mises will be operating within thirty days with union workers.Carl Young, labor commissioner.spee- ial emissary from Governor Groesheck of Michigan, had a talk with Lewis.His mis sion was to deliver the Michigan execw tive's request t the strike rules be res lexed to the extent of permitting uniom miners to got out coal emough for the State and county institutions of Mick Young was disconcerted by result of his conference and carried a message from Lewis to the governot.\u201cI will not comment on tbe message * said the president ot the Mine Workers, \u201cCommissioner Young has my and it la for the Governor to make it jic if he so desires.\u201d Commissioner Young would not divalge the message, but said fn à complainieg way: \"Governor Groesheck has not cal ed out the troops of Michigan.The uniem men are quiet there and there are mo signa of disorder in the coal flelds fo our state.Rallroad detectives have made trou ble here and there and aggravated the situation by their conduct.We need fuel in our state for the hospitals and othes institutions, and we think the miners should be permitted to get enough out for that purpose.\u201d To questions as to- reports from Indians, Ilimois and Ohio that the coal had declared they wenld not join à eu ference with the miners, Lewis made Ba answer: \u201cWelt 1 do not propose to answer thesd that they will the operators of Michigan will not meet us, yot Governor Groesheck gives us as aurance that they will.I will not discuss 1 will not comment em any turn in the situation such as this us til we have arranged the Joint compere ence.That will be the answer to ail such questions.\u201d * : Further Developments Henry B.Bpencer, general purchasiag agent for the wartime railroad adminiæ tration, was appointed federal coal ministrator for the duration of the strike emergency by resident Harding, Friday., President Harding, À was said, com templates no Dew siep in the coal strike situation, feeling confident that ssough coal will be produced eventually to mea the country\u2019s needs.Secretary Hoover announced the gow ernors of twenty-three states have under taken to erect the machinery necessary is cont profiteering and the distribution of coal within their borders.Governor McCray of indiana shnownced after a conference with Indiana operas.ors that the operators said they would not negotiate a fourstate agreement with the United Mine Workers.BUROPK'S OLDEST DEMOCRACY Op Tuesday, August lat.Switseriand, the oldest democracy of Europe, reached her six hundred and twenty-first year of age, and in every city, village and hazaled of the twenty-two cantons, at 8 p.mm, thé ringing of church bells, the lighting bontires on the mountains, and tho ing ot old patriotic baliads reminded Swiss of the birth of their nation.\u2019 The Swiss of Montreal comme où Canadian dbil the anmiversary of the foundation of tho Swiss Contederation, They met at a banquet served in Chef Hotel de France, at 8 p.m., an Tuesday, si which every native of Switzerland wag invited to ba presest.) \" George Lanebyry Resigne George Lansbury has resigned the editorship of the London Daily Herald.Re states that his resignation was per fectiy voluntary, am was dug to his dev sire to allow the new owners of Lhe paper, the Labor party and the Trades Unions Congres, fuil freedom of edliorial control PEE te rem ae ams + NATIONAL FRATERNAL CONGRESS OF AMERICA Méttions of Freternatists of United States and Canada will have represents tiens ever held by the Congress.It will Congress of America, which will held in Montreal, Camada, Aug.38-31, faocinsive.The Nations! Fraternal Con gresa of America embraces nisety-six so cleties, with a membership in excess of mine million people.In sanouncing the , Secretary W.BR Futch believes Bebe one of the met important conven: tiens ever held by the Congress.lt will comm to onler on Aug.38, when al) sec flons hold their Inltiaïi meetings.When the convention opens, addresses of welcome wili bs delivered Ly Hon.Mederic Martin, Mayor of Montreal: Al fred Lambert.prosiéent of the Montreal Chamber of Commerce; Sir Lomer Gouin, Minister of Justice and Ex-Premier of and G.D.Finlaysoa, Buperintend: ent of Insurance of Ottawa, Caneda.Among the speakers and subjects are the following: \u201cThe Conservation of Child Life,\u201d by Harry C.Evans, Des Moines, Ja, editor of the Brotherhood of American Yeomar; \u201cAdequate Rates,\u201d by A.L.Hereford, Springtield, iil, president of the Court of Honor Life Association; \u201cMis comceptions ia Regard to Legislation\u201d by Abb Landis, Chicago, Ill.; \u201cUniform Legis- Intion aod Statutes for Fraternals.\u201d by Joba A.Millener, Columbus, O., general counsel of the Order ot United Commer- elal Travellers of America; \u201cLife Exten- éfom for Men and Women,\u201d by Dr.Emily Noble, New York City; \u201cKeep the Pub- ficity Fire Burning\u201d by Jos.8.Smith, Mfiwaukee, Wis.The officers of the National Fraternal are as follows: \u2014President, Henri Roy, Montreal, Canadas; vice pres- Seat, Harry Wade, Indianapolis, Ind; sec retary, W.E.Futch, Cleveland, O.; treas- wrer, A.E.King Cleveland, O.Members of the Executive Committee are: Geo.P.Kirby, Toledo, O.; W.R.Shirley.Muskogee, Okla; Mrs.Francis Buell Olson, Bt.Paul, Minn; Miss Bina M.West, Port Huron, Mich.; Thos.F.McDonald, Chica- #0, Mi.: Daniel M.Frye, Boston, Mass.Gurditt Singh Banished Gurditt Singh, who absconded from In dia after taking a prominent part in the Caloutts riots of 1914, and who returned |.recently with some Sikh emigrants from the Far East and surrendered to the police, has been sentenced to five years\u2019 banishment to a convict settlement om a charge of sedition, says a Reater de patch from Amritsar, -SRITAIN RE-CONSIOERING UNEM mn PLOYMENT Effect\u201d of By-Election Defeat - With tbe announcement of the victory of T.1.Hardy Jones, Laborite, over T.A Lewis, Coulition-Liberal member for Poatypridd, Wales, In the by-election on \u2018Thursday, in connectigh with which the candidate co! his atten- on the unemployment situation, the British Government has decided toe es tablish a special Cabinet committee to reconsider the problem of unemployment.This decision has been taken with a view to further remedial mesbures than those already adopted, and will cover mot only present distressing conditions, but anticipated next winter.The Pontypridd by-election was due to the appointment of T.A.Lewis as Junior Lord of the Treasury in the House of Sommers.he having to stand for re-elec- He won the seat in the election of 1918 by a majority of 3,175, over DL Davies, his Labor opponent.The Government did not expect to win dd, but the Labor victory, even the Laborites, was bigger than expected.Some Coalitionists are advancing the ingenious argument that T.A.Lewls, who had to fight because he had accepted a junior lordship of the Treasury, was determined to show his pluck, and cami.now be given a safe seat elsewhere.Where this aafe seat is to come from has not been stated.Certainly it will not be in South Wales, which, despite the influence of Premier Lloyd George, would reject any Government nominee.The miners there are quite unsettled, says a.message from London, resenting last year's strike settlement, and are in- olined to listen to the voice of the Social ists, One trades union leader described the result of the Pontypridd vote as the vote of the poverty stricken.CHINESE POLITICS IN CONFUSION \u2018With sectional politics clouding the horizon, officials at Pekin fear that the |- old Republican peritament of sll-China, oven it it does meet with à quorum as fs expected, will not have the courage to proceed with the reunited China programme and that President Li's plans will be delayed indefinitely.The result of such procrastination, it is said, would be to split the country more widely than ever and leave the various provinces to fall away into different OR the situation revolves largely abbut Sun Yat Ben, Isolated in Canton harbor, is frankly admitted in many quar tors, and the eyes of the administration fre bent In anxioty on the south to see MO-TRERL À TNESS AND the outcome of the atruggie there between Bur and Chem Chiung Ming, the man who ousted him from the presidency of South China.1t is belisved that ae long as Bun continues & factor with which to reckon at Canton, there always will be the possibility of his regaining power there and tt 1s held likely tbat parliament wiil put oft any definite action until the problem of the south is finally decided.If Bua would abandon his claims to authority in Canton, or would accept President Li's invitation to come to Pekin, it.ls deem- od certain the majority of his siipporters would awing into line behind the Pekia administration.President Li reiterates his previous declaration that he is friendly to Sen and he repeats his suggestion that the latter join him in Pekin in the work of reuniting China.But Sun remains sileat and his silence is worrying Pekin In the midst of the political chaos two factors show rays of promise.One is President Li's determined optimism and faith in his country.The other is the _sanouncement by the foreign diplomatic corps at Pekin that despite China's repeated faflures to meet her obligations, there will be no undue pressure brought to bear on the administration and the various powers, and with the utmost pe tience will, in the spirit born at the V'ash- ington conference, give China every chance to rehabilitate herself.China's inability to mest her foreign obligations, says the President, is only a transient phase following the birth of the Republic.Her inexhaustible resources.he pointed out, Are yet untouch- AMERICAN COLONY WANTS FREE STATE RULE Porto Rico as an American Ireland de siring & Free State constitution, though remaining under the Stars and Stripes, is the ambition of the people, according to the How Cay Coll-Cuchi, Speaker of CAN ADIAN HOMBUTEAD, AUST 5, WEL ! the House of Representatives of that is land, who paid a visit to Montreal this week.Admittedly there was not a long list of grievances such as the people of Erin have cherished for years, but there was nevertheless a desire on the part of the islanders to have their autonomy.Referring to his home island, the Hos.Cay Coll-Cuchi pointed out that on ac count of ita comparative smallness, Porte Rico was not much known to the world at large: but they had built up one of the most civilised and prosperous commnal- ties on this continent.\u201cOur schools, our revenues, our law courts sad public institutions are all a credit to the Government and to the Porto Ricans,\u201d he sald.\u201cWe have so developed our trade that, after Braxfl and the Argentine, we have the largest commercial and financial balance in Latin America, and relatively we are the country having the largest commercial balance in all South America.Of fate, through the enterprise of Canada Industries, Limited, we have created a de maad for Canadfan' products and suc ceeded in establishing definite trade re lations through the medium of ships carrying the Canadian flag which are coming to San Juan.Those ships have been carrying Canadian cement.\u201d The visitor further mentioned that with a population of 1,300,000, covering à ter ritory of 8,600 square miles, they were expending 60 per cent.of revenue on public schools, so that they have more schools than miles of territory.The schools teach both English and Spanish.PILGRIMAGE TO YPRES There was a great pligrimage to Ypres on Sanday, July 30, under arrangements made by the Ypres League.For some time past it has Deen thought that it would be a splendid idea It a large proportion of those om the rolls of the league, number ing some tens of thousands, and of those who served in the defense of Ypres, were to hold à reunion on the battlefield itself.Many thousands of old soldiers had already PT ZN + ARVEMN cons back, siagly or in small groups, te reviait the scene.But fer s large body to cross the Chanmei, representing all the corps snd divisions of the British Army who took pert in the four years\u2019 de fence\u2014to enter once again the gates of Ypres, that city of poignant memories, to assemble in the Grande Place in the shadow of tho ruins of the famous Cloth Hail\u2014was a far different thing.It would be the grestest tribute they could pay mot only to the genius locl, but to the seats ment which then imspired, sad still in spired the heart of every soldier.It was also desired to provide the opportænity fer the parents aud reistives of those who fell and were buried there in those vast come tories which the King had lately visited, to accompany them.\u2018The members of the Belgian bramch of the League were enthusiastic about the pian.The pilgrimage was held on the eve of one of the three great auniversar- ies im connection with the defence of Ypres\u2014the Third Battle of Ypres, which began on July 31, 1917\u2014five years ago.A special excursion left London and passports were not required.All members of both sections of the League as sembled on the Square in front of the railway station at Ypres at 10 a.m.They were formed up and marched to the Cloth Hall at 10.30.At the Cloth Hall at 11 am there was a civic reception and other officials of the Belgian Government.Field-Marshal Lord Ypres, and several other distinguished members of the Les gue represented the British section, and General Comte d' Jongie, General Moraine, and Major L.Aerts represented the Ypres League.Other distinguished Belgians took part in the reunion, including Baron de Vincke (of Hooge Chateau fame).Ad dresses were given in English, Wreaths were then laid at a central monument to the memory of all men who served in the four years' great defence of Ypres.The Canada Gazette last week comtaime ed notices of fifty-two failures of business firms under the Bankruptcy Act.\u2014 \u2014 Rugs.them curl.No more satisfactory covering can be had for porch floors than Linoleum You do not have to tack them down for Linoleum Rugs lie flat on the floor; even the strongest wind will not make And yet they may be moved about at will.Rain does not mar or injure their rich by the yard.\u2014\u2014 /| À < Linoleum Rugs\u2014Ideal For Porch Floors colorings.Mud, sand and dirt can be quickly cleaned off with a mop.Try one on your porch and you will equail agree that for convenience and economy Linoleum Rugs cannot be When summer is over you will decide that a Linoleum R is indispensable \u2014so you have merely to pick it up and use it indoors.Ask your dealer to show you his display of new DOMINION Linoleum Rugs, also Linoleum Look for the strong canvas back\u2014your guarantee of years of service.\u2018 cout NOTE:\u2014Letters sddreesed to this De partment should bear the names and addresses of the senders, not necessarily for publication, but as a guarantes of good faith, and as an assistance to us in cases where letters have to be forwarded.\u201cCOMFORT YE!\" Mrs.A.McA.B.C.:\u20141 wotice you have oecasiouaily printed im the Witness | poems of John Oxenham.There is one T have oftan longed to secure a copy of.| 1 think it was called \u2018Comfort Me\u2019 or \u2018Comfort Ye'.and it started \u201cIn that aweet afterlife when time is dome.\u201d That is all 1 know, but 1 think ft was written dering the war.Ans: \u2014The words of the poem are: COMFORT YB! In that sweet nfter-life, When time is dome, And loving hearts again are ome ever to see him more!\u2014 He his voice! \u2014to sec his face again! Lord, it is sore beyond our kea\u2014 How shail our hearts eadure Discomfiture 50 great and such vast for \u2019 feiture?- And yet, our faith dare not gainteg: Thy love in taking him away.Such good is his.seek perfect bliss.How could we wish him back in this Small world of grim perplexities?And, of a truth, at times ha feels so near, \u2014 Nearer in very deed Than when we had him here, \u2014 That we are comforted.We cast despair and put away our fear.We shall not see him here agais; To us be may not come; But when at last we shall attain The heavenly place.be his dear face The first to us fn Thy grace And bid ue me Home!\" \u2014Johz Ozemham.HENRY FRANCIS LYTE A.A.Sask:\u2014Can you tell me some thing about Meury Lyte?31 believe be wrote bymns.Ans.:\u2014Heury Francis Lyte, Angllean divine and hymn-writer, was born near ju Kelso Scotland, on the ist of June, 1794, and was educated at Haniskillen School and at Trinity College, Dublin.He took orders in 1815, and for some time held a curacy near Wexford.Owing to infirm health he went to England, and after several changes, settled in 1823, in the par- ish of Brixham.Im 1844 his health fiv- ally ghve way and he died at Nice on the! 20th of November, 1847.Lyte's first work was \u201cTales in Verve fllustrative of Several cf the Petitions in the Lord's Prayer (1826) which was written at Lym n.He next pwd, lashed (1833) a vol of Poems, Chiefly Religions,\u201d and 1834, a little collection of psalms and hymns eatitled \u201cThe Spirit of the Psalms.\u2019 After hin death.a volume of \u2018Re Mains\u2019 with a memoir was published, and the pdems contained in this.with those in \u2018Poems, Chiefly Religions,\u2019 were afterwards issued in one volume in 1888.His best known hymns are *.fast falls the eventide\u201d eross have taken\u201d: \u201cPraise my soul, the King of Heaven\u201d: and \u201cPleasant are Thy courts above.\u201d TYPEWRITER PLATENS W.J.G., Vascouver.\u2014Kindly iaform me ae to whether or mot our typewriter platens cas be resewed by some precess of soltening.Ans.\u2014The ordinary typewriter platen which is made of a rubber composition cannot, as far as ca be ascertained, be vemewed in the manner suggested.The wane] rrocedure ie to bare à complete new MONTREAL W: > AND = roller instalied.This defect han been obviated, however.by the invention of the Nolseless typewriter, a machine which, in addition to typing silently, bas « non-wear- ing metal platen.OLD POSTAGE OTAMPS W.M.Ont.:\u2014Thank you for sending full name and address.We have for warded à letter to yor from ane of our readers with refevemce to your previous query.FOREIGN PHRASES W.8, Ont\u2014Can you give me the meanings of these terms: aussitot dit, auseitot fait; and, bis dat qui cito dat, Ane.\u2014The frst je a French phrase and means \"No sooner said than deme.\u201d The second is Latin and is \"He gives twice who gives promptly.\u201d RECREATION We have destroyed the sense of the word \u201crecreation by using i to define pastime or amusement.says the Agricultural Alberta.Tree, recreation may take the form of amusement; on the other hand, amusement very often takes out of us more than it gives in return.Thus amusement becomes a dee tructive force, and is NOT recreative.We have ail heard the howl which followed the introduction of the modern dance\u2019 Our great-grandtathers heard it when the walts was put on the program.All prudery to the side.mathematicians teach us that our boys and girls dance farther fa a night than they could possibly be com- polled to rum.Since then, dancing, or mere marching to music tends toward muscular development, it must be recognised as a creative power and classed under the head of recreation.In jike manner, only those sports and pastimes which have a tendency to build up our lapsing tissues showid be considered re creation.The boys and girls in the surm- mer camps\u2014where they row and swim sad box and wrestle\u2014enjoy to the max- imam extent the benefits which are to strength as & consequence of their pes- Io like manner we may apply The woods, § outdoor work though it may be: follows its grind from day little to stimulate muscular he bas that in plenty! but recreation which comes § Ë $ it iil if T MAXIMS FOR BUSINESS MEN Murdered German Minister's Apherieme Some time before his assassination, Dr.Ratheman, Germany's Foreign Minister and one of its leading \u201cindustrials.\u201d printed for private circulation a little of reflections recorded at odd moments during bis Jater years.A nele Experience _ and track._ has.34 us that much work [oa ea sav a systematic use Ÿ- Men 1s 0x7 fast and has Waly feet.of Ve apace For ban C.F.is .Farming The Barfork.ls sa , that we can tske up hay from either \u2018a east or west end of the barh simply by | reversing the hay ropes.We usually use the east end because we most often put yp hay in the afternoon and the barn shades the men on the wagons.We un load two wagons at a time\u2014drive ome against the side of the barn and the other alongside as close as possible without pulling the hay off.In this way, by taking both loads down at once, the hay that falls from the fork is csught on the wa gous.Then if the field hands help un load it is not necessary to make so many trips to the barn.1 have noticed that many farmers drop their hay im the mow helter-skelter, without any system.This takes more room and makes the hay harder to feed out.We always keep a boy in the barn to tell the man on the wagon when to drop the forktul.If the barn to be filled ts mot the self-supporting kind, tbe first forkfuls should be.dropped in the square made by the first four posts in the hack of the barn, keeping the pile level and builé- ing up as high as possible before the rest of the barn is filled.The next square should be filled and so on until all are tilled but the front square, which should be lett empty until the sides have been tilled Then by going back to the first - square in the back of the barp and having the driver stop with the bay, directly over the center, & man on the bay can swing the forkful back and forth with his fork and by having it released at the proper time it will roll dowa the side whesever desired.This is the method we use and it has several advas- tages over the usual systemless method.Mrs.Ella M.Wellman of Augusta, Me, has a hobby of collecting pitchers amd at the present time has am assortment gumbering more than 700.ABSORBINE » 4 .FUTURE OF POULTRY BUSINKSS (By R.G.Kirby.) The pouitry beninaens has generalty been considered one of the most profitable lines of farm work durtng the last year and 1 tinners as to the future ef the besitess.Farmers and poultry specialists are in doubt as to whether they should increase something day.Breeders who do not try to advance soos lose foterest im tbe business.they are ready to well out.They may have had po flazecial loss of a serious for poultry keepe.s without perseverance.The business is Bot going to be easy, even if there is a goed demand for eggs and KR vil as muck fodd as possible without negiect- ing the birds.A good collection of man- gels and cabbages will help keep the binds | | ¥ 2 ! three hundred day-old chicks.The coal burning Lrooder stoves and a stock of ble a be- common sease will frequently ema timmer to have very good luck.I believe that some hatcheries to sell a better grade of chicks ture if they do a heavy buniness prefit.However, it !s not their fauit there is such a demand for low-priced chicks.Too many breeders judge & pur- eral instances where a dishomest advertiser has advertised chicks at several cents below lowes\u2019 market quotations of reliable breeders.Ia such cases the momey orders have been cashed and mo chicks shipped.But the fact remains, almost an ocean of farmers\u2019 momey start ed immediately for the office of the bamk- er.1 do mot believe a hatchery can do careful breeding work and well chicks at à very low price.Customers must be will- jus to pay & fair price per chick in order to pay the cost of careful broediag.Our Present Advantages Oné of the bright spots im the pouitry future is the fect thet it is possible to keep better binds fuir.were owned twskty Years ago.| remember as a boy often visiting with à poultryman ef our section who was considered a very skilled breeder and exhibitor.He kept many breeds of Attractive fowis and was abundantly sup- He Me 5 É F EH Ë He knew all about feathers and combs but nothing about egx type.that many of his fine-looking birds were what we would tem culls now.They were heavy with fat and some of the 1 had dull masculine heads which indicate the beef type rather than the hen of laying ability.That breeder know ing about culling and the fact that now avoid keeping culls helps to pouitry business safer tham it shi Ës Fi { ; I kg: ih « MONTREAL WITNESS AND CANADIAN HOMESTEAD, AUGUSY 2, 1822 been trap nesting and culling and developing fue flochs which readily transmit thetr 00d qualities te their progeny.For a few dollars is passible for the beginner to purchase better foumdatiom stock Im our leading breeds of pouitry than ever before.When results cf the life work of poultryman cas be purchased lor 3 ë § ë : f° sil i) Fi 5 5.tell gs = il ih Ê 1 $38 sFa ; Ë I i 1 i it â : | EXERCISE TOUGHENS YOUNG POULTRY Young poultry taken from the fields is sure te be rangy, somewkat poor in flesh, remuits.The aim is to limit exercise encourage the birds to est tening rations.Keep them conditions and supply grit and plenty of clear drinking water.Ground barley ov oats, with ome-third als iE] fig Ë sf eli mental Station and obtain the latest plans upon poultry house comstruction.1 5 : È g : Ë i The kind of egg used is as important as the type of preservative, 50 collect the eggs dally.oaly thoss laid in clean mests by healthy stock.sun-baked, old, thinwhelled, cracked or dirty eggs, it satisfactory results are to de obtained.It is now about IS watorgisss method was cach season it has bees gaining in popu- larfty owing to its effectiveness and its ease of preparation.A powad tm whick- costa 36 cents will preserve a large ber of eggs.Watergiass ia a thick, liquid which becomes.thisner when warm od or mized with water.Dirustions given om the can may be foilowed with safety.Tae useal plan lé to mix the contents of a pound tin with ten times as much water which has previously Hi g g Ë î £ 5 vFsë sive it 1 i igs 5 Ë is 13d is3 Ÿ Hin ; ; i F { ê f db i i =f i Bet 53 § = É ¥ | t SE i { : i : 8 8 thei spl tii geil il: 8xç0SS.f fbi i tres ç | WHY ME SUCCERDED Some one tells of coming back to the she had lived fa as & chill Pase- foe h read a \u2018arme Boor.\u201d + £ i « mometet\u201d ns \u201cWell, that's what they say of dk how.ta A 3 this simple wa Mra.Hurst has notbing to well.nut this vice.malt he de ., = ant - 2 i MONTREAL WITNESS AND CANADIAN HOMESTEAD, AUGUST 2, 1982 PIFTEEN BELGIAN DEACHES The Belgian Coast before the Great War was a favored resort of the Germans.No German would dare to Appsar \u2018here Dow, says the Morning Post correspondent, but the various beautiful beaches attract cach year à great number of British visitors.There is sometling for every taste on the Belgian coast.A tamily whicl bed in its circle an antiquarian, a musiciaa, & tennis player, a sporting enthusiast, and children anxious osly for clean sands and smooth safe seas, could all enjoy their own hobbles.Moreover, all would find the food excellent\u2014the cuisine of Belgium combines fred features of French and British cook- Econemy with Pleasure The Belgian coast offers its pleasures to every grade of purse.If you are rich asd wish to combine a great deal of galety with the delights of {he sea, Ostend is the best Headquarters.tend cam be managed by people of moderate means.On the principle that it is better to have the best of a cheap place than the second best of a dearer piace, those with thin purses and a thick eluster of olive branches should pass through Ostend, north or south, to ons of the many charming seaside towns which stretch at short Intervals all along the coast.South from Ostend are Coxyde and La Panne (the latter was the home of the King and Queen of the Belgians during the war years).They are charming villages, with perfect sands and rather scanty comi- munication by steam tram with Ostend.For those who want a quiet spell they are to be recommended.From them you may walk sloag the beach to Nieuport and visit Dixmude and Furnes.It is possible also to get to Ypres by a somewhat complicated tram journey.The Northern Beaches For those who will want frequont changes from the pleasures of the sea it is better to settle Im one of the towns north of Ostend, for they are served by an excellent electric light ratiway, which, \u2018every twenty minutes or 0, goes trom Ostend to Le Coq (where there are excellent golf links), Zeebrugge, Knocke, and other towns, sll built right om the beach, all provideed with tennis courts and other sports grounds, and all very \u2018reasonable in their charges.These towns offer a wide range of amusements.You may $0 into Ostend for the concerts and eports events, or visit Bruges (\u201cthe Venice of the North\u201d), or 30 to Zeebrugge and try to reconstruct the Vindictive attack, or take a trip into Helland (on markeh days at Middiokerke anoursion trains run into Holland and me special passports Are ssked for).he average visitor will not need these distractions.The cooastiine, with lite beau tifal dunes and gently shelving beaches, - and the simple little fetes that are organ sed in the eveming, provide amusement enough.But It is an advastage to kmow that, if a dutl or rainy day comes and the beach no longer calls, there are available * other pleasures.Belgium is such a compact little country that almost every point of it is within touch of a day's excursion.With Ostend, or & town Bear Os tend, as your base, you cas visit not only Bruges A thd but also Ghent and Brussels.yay travelling is very cheap and the second-class aocommoda- tion quite good.NEW BRITISH AIR LINER .À great figing beat, the largest alr liner in the world, is under construction at the aviation works, fSonthamp ton.It will be able to fly from an Eng.ish port to New York in twenty-four hours, it ts sald, and may carry thirty to ferty passengers in addition to the crew.The greatest seerecy is being observed \u2018in Ms construction and only three or four are acquainted with the details.- Workmen employed in the manufacture of the various parts are aworn to secrecy.Special attention has been given to the Aull, which involves certain new priaciptes and ia appearance fs like that of a large ship.The craft will be fitted with two «ngines.each of 650 horsepower.Designs have beea produced for buth and passeager carrying fiying-shipe, in each case the sise ts far in excess of that of any flying boat that has ever before been built.If descent at soa should be necessary, the ship will be able to land safely in the worst weather, ad ride at amchor or proceed through water under its own power.It the normal freight wore repiaced by fuel the vessel would be able to stay at sen for à very long period and this will likely give it considerable value as a tight- mg craft.It will also be able to elimb rapidly to considerable attitudes.Au incident that Sir Brest Shackieton always repeated with gles was the reply one of the Irish members made to him when Shackleton asked: \u201cCan you imagine the ssormous extent ot those vast Arctic smowfelds?\u201cYeu,\u201d replied the irish member, \u201c1 had the same sinsation the first toime [ ap pes vu (A ped wr X nin ATTRACTIONS OF SWEDEN Sweden has never had the claim on the holidaymakers\u2019 attantion that Norway has.It is mot, of course, the same extraordinary features of the moustains apd fords; but, on the other hand, the people are more genial and more artis tic than their more dour neighbors, whose temperament Ibsen has rather pitilessly rovealed Gothenburg itself is of much interest, it is the second largest town in Swodez, and possesses am exceptionally extensive park.in the summer time it offers great opportunities for batking and boating.From it may be reached the most famous waterfalls in Gcandinavia\u2014those of Trollbatten, which, like Nisgars and others in Canada, are now \u2018harnessed\u201d to give cheap electric power to & huge district.And there io also the famous canal from here to Mem, on the Baltic.in which the boats may be said literally to go upbill.By a clever use of natural lakes and connecting waterways, 323 miles of direct communication have beem established, means of no fewer than.seventy-four locks.\u2018The journey occupies, on this ao- count, fifty-six to sixty hours.\u201cThe Venice of the North\u201d is the description that Stockholm likes to hear applied to itself, and it is not unjustified, for the original city began on a swall island, where the extensive Malar Lake finds an outlet to the Baltic, and it has, in its seven centuries or so of development, connected itself by bridges with other islands, while the waterways between are also utilised.Those who like historical studies will And much to interest them ia the architecture that demonstrates how, from about the seventeenth century, the city began to claim its place among the capitals of Europe Probably the travelter will decide to stay a few days in Steckimim.and will find hotels and pensions of luxury or simple comfort and cleanliness, as may suit her purse.There are various interesting expeditions to be made, as to Gothland, that island im the Baltic wherein remain some of the most impressive Gothic ruins of cathedrals and fortifications left in the world.It in volves a short railway joursey and à seven hours\u2019 sen\u2018 passage, and it ie claimed thai it câf show more wonderful roses and a bluer sky im summer time than can be found eysewbere morth of the Mediterranean.Aad in those journeys, a litlle off the beaten treck, there are slimpses to be obtained of village life that is still very primitive, of costumes as yet unaffected by the factory modes that have nossiy swept away all tbe more picturesque features of the past, of local holiday tectivitiés with their games snd pastimes\u2014 Woman's Magazine.The excess of Germany's imports and exports in the first half of 192% amounts in value to 1,200,080,000 marks.RAISING SHIPS FROM THE SEA Many remarkable feats of salvage have bees performed within recent years, but perhaps the most thrilling was the raie ing of the great Italisu battleship, \u201cLeonardo da Vinci,\u201d which was sunk by ememy action in the harbor of Taranto im 1916.The vessel turned over and came to rest in nd at the sea bottom, from which not even the biggest crane could lift her.A cable was \u2018aid from Taramto to the ship, says à writer tn -Tii-Bits, and with the .electric power thus , holes were drilled to take the rivet would hold the patch .-ver \u2018he rents in the huil Other cables were then carried out from the power-station to work the air compressors, and immediately the divérs had rendered a number of compartments watertight, the salvage em began to pamp compressed air into the vessel, gradually forcing out the water.Divers next cut away the turrets and funnels, which were stuck in the mud., The work was carried out slowly and cautiously, but at last the vessel, forced up by tho compressed air, rose to the surface.Still turned upside down, she was towed~to dry dock alomg a specially Be pared channel cut through the sea .After repairs in dry dock, she was taken into the bay, and by allowing the water to run into the compartments ou the star- board side, the leviathan turmad over | slowly and remained floating right side up.The work occupied four and a half years, and cost £135,000.Another Thrilling Incident An incident as thr.lling in every respect was the salving of the K13, a submarine which went down in the River Clyde.By passing food and air through tubes, the rescue-party managed to keep members of the crew alive until the bow of the submarine was raised above the water and a hole was burned in the plates, through which the survivors were dragged to safety.Forty-six men were still alive, and for forty-five hours they bad been confined in à prison that might have pror- od 8 tomb.No sooner had the rescus work: bees completed thas the wires holding the ves- ani gave.wep 1 amd.the Kil satiled.down the ascest being made by in y a cash.with.erder FARMERS\u2019 WANTS & SALES ).SIX ethatoutive insertions wili be price [= six insertions was > Nd A œucntes ap 00e vert hen Tor are te be addressed in care of the W an sdditienal charge of twenty-five sente Copy ter insertion i these eolusans should de the Friées © EMTAIES te secure proper classification tm ety ion not later thas MACHINERY LIVE STOCK Cytinder Grtndi t moi: raators, se have us 20 this and pur ae tn MILK GOATS FOR SALE.\u2014makes it stronger than new.Bend for free circulars.GUARANTER 3 ~ fe! MOTOR CO.Ham Engines, M Preps raters, and an motor boat Buel rer le er pe Send for lists.GUARANTES Woon CO.Damien ads.1.Pu pwoed ros: grinders, lain ma.Shines, shingle machines farmars\u2019.bolle.ron furnaces and stoves.Smith Foundry, Fredericton, New Brunswick.8 ot MOTOR SUPPLIES.Spare for Mest and Models cars.Your old, broken ot morn era t you want.Write wite us describing wi We ca the Liste od most complete st of new automobile equi; at.We ship 3D any- Ra Sut motte SHAWN S AUTÉ AALVAGE PAR: SUPPLY, 022-081 Dukerin Bt, Toronte.se Kiel Would HB salons giving Interest you?If wo, write BVRE BROS., rer North Lancaster, Ontario.23-8.POULTRY POULTRY AND EGGS WANTED We want your rp Pure Bred Stock at reasonable prices.te us first if you have anything to offer or want anything in Pure Bred Stock, We still lead an the Poultry Exchange in Quebec.Rearing.sell- Ing, purchasing and exchangl everything bearing the name of poultry.es want 100 head of colored and white Muscovey Ducks.Yow pairs of Pea fowls also wanted.We want & weeks old pullets.all breeds.Give us your lowest prices lots, atamps for speedy reply.TRY FARMS.8t.Hyacinthe, Que.ave several mann mo ful among your cattle to peevent OS abortion.ELMORE Ancaster, Ontario, 31\u20143 SWINK - atra \u20ac cluding papers.MANLY C Mackii CABLE, Mackile, FARMS FOR BALE er acres, vi town, school, church and 3 elavators.Barn at 18x.Granary 13x16.Municipal well corner of farm.Location, Bast half 8.7.32 per acre.ner JOHN B.LOBE, Ambere Nova Beotia.LUST, A ancouver [sla hi Dairy, - ing, poultry and small troie fonts with Simatic conditions on & par with the nd means contentment.K.G.KIN: WELL, P.O.Box 118, Victoria, B.C.a or scres né lenty of water, good sul in antigo cattle and six horses.Will sell with or without stock and crop: on road, belt mile to school.Two miles rom own ° - one desiring & farm take a look at this., Port Burwell.For sa acres, stock, teols and creps included.Write owner, THOB.ECK! \u2018Worcester, Vermont.gr One hundred and sixty scres of | fi be One mile from Blackfaids, centre 1 the Mod Deer-Lacombe district.Price, twenty-six doliars per acre; half cash.A fine piece of and.WILT R ENMILLER, Biack- Bl Alberts, TEVCE Haif Section 150 acres crep.Faawing WY e Farm.ralsed Pure-bred Scotch Collie pups, from aplendid werking stock.elthor parent will bring stock home alone.obedient, intelligent, willing, Males, $12; famales, $8.WM.VIVIAN, Iden, Man.%\u201417 Wor sale\u2014Thorouzhbred Waïker strain bear, oat, foxhomnd pups.six dollars cach.Two fer tom dollars.WILL RYER, Sheiburme, Nova Bootia Registered Airedale puveiss, choice stock, prices reasonable, slider quality.H.M.AITKMN.Peoten.Ontario.fa Cote, good watch and stock: male Feuhouné.suns fox: male Poxhewnd, runs fox amd deer: females Fo: vas and oat; female Foxhound.runs fox, rabbit and deer; female Foxhound, due to wheip last July; female Beagle.trained in rabbit, one not trained: female Foxhound DUR, half.Redbone, all good stuff, priced low.rite for photo.T.R.LYONS.Waterville, N.8.WILD ANIMALS or edigres to Ureed when fed, cared for and mated in accordance with our scientific system.PORT BLGIN FUR FARM, Box 22, Port Elgin, N.B.Fhe choicest of pedigresd and registered Sliver black breeding foxes.\u201cBuy best.\u201d REID BROS., Bothwell, Ontar! again, By means of compressed air the submarine was ralsed again, this time successfully.One of the most Dovel amd ingemious instances of salvage Was provided at Folkestone some time ago.A vessel caught fire, and was sunk deliberately close to the quay.She turned over on her side, and the only difficulty that presented itself in*the salvage operation was the question of how to get her righted.This obstacle was overcome by attaching wires to five large locomotives oa land.These, when all was ready, pulled the ship over.On another occasion, a sumken vessel was cut in two while upder water, raised to the surface, fitted with new bulkheads, and brought home to be fitted together again.If it had mot been for the help provided by such inventions as diving bells and tanks, 1a which divers can work with safety under water: deep-sea telephones; oxy-acetylene fames, which barn even in water, and enable the diver to cut through a vessel's sides; lifting tugs and floating docks; lifting magnets, and innumerable safety devices, the work of raising the five hundred odd vessels which have been salved during and since the war might never bave been accomplished.K.J.Dawson bas been appointed di tor of studies at the Royal Military Col loge, Kingston.He was professor of ma thematics at the IMilitary School.Near the city of Ishionomonoeky, in Japan, is a settlemen.ia which woman's rule may be said to be complete.The wives support the husbands and childrem and are thé acknowledged heads of the family.The mea keep house and do other work that usually is performed by \u2018women.The testing laboratory of ome of the biggest writing paper factories in America is ided cver by à woman\u2014Miss Helen G.Kiely.Women bave been permitted to pra tiow dbefore.the United States supreme court aimce 1678.\u2018 à ii t.1.seven.Elovators, two, towns - Pag ns wanteo alive, cents a pou ji station, one mile; scheol, two.Machinery, oa Toronto.ALBERT LEWIS, $88 Dund \u2018$13,000.Write hex 184, Viscount, Bask.20\u20142 n ante.+ LIVE STOCK ] TIMBER AND ORCHARD FARM.9 acres, three miles from village, 2-acre DOGS.field; 50 apple trees, 186 M lumber.16\u20ac sugar maples, good pasture, good house and bara.\u201cTwo stoves, sll furniture, cows, price 31400.\u201c$580.ALONZO P.RICHARDS, Farmington, Maine.»-2 FARMS WANTED one horse.two enr for sale.State cash D.P.BUSH, Miuneapolis, Mint MISCELLANEOUS.= : HONEY FOR SALE.\u2018 honey, 88 1b.crate, $13.80 Fruit and clover, 312.60 W.A.HARTLEY, Boamville, Oat.Ben FOR SALE.catsique, containing prices on the latest novelties, specialties, ancy work, books, etc, and = sent beautiful cale postpaid yone sending 2c stamp.THE UNITED BALES