Witness and Canadian homestead, 27 février 1935, mercredi 27 février 1935

[" \"WITNESS HOMEMAKERS PAGES $\u20141¢0 JOHN DOUOALL & SOM, PUBLISHERS.Velame XC.Number 8.3 MONTREAL, FEBRUARY 27, 1935.AND CANADIAN HOMESTEAD OXFORD GROUR PAGES 5\u2014] A ESTABLISHED 1845.TiS ORFS A COPE \u2018WITNESS EDITORS: Joun Dounazs, Founder, 1865\u20141870 Jouw Ræprarm Doucaur, 1870-\u20141934 Freomarcx RB.Dovoarr, 1984\u2014 Pn ahe (amaoka a Lame.& Hur.\u20142R Dmg The Week\u2019s Outlook A SENATOR SPEAKS ENATOR J.J.HUGHES of Prince Edward Island isone of that not very large group which adds dignity and prestige to the Red Chamber.When he speaks, he usually enunciates something which is in advance of anything occurring to the minds of the superannuated\u2014and still active pirates who constitute the voting strength of that far from inspiring institution.Mr.Hughes has placed on the order paper a sweeping resolution which proposes to take all the that Mr.Beatty has a promise that if he can convince the public that the railways should be organized into one unit on any plan agreeable to the C.P.R, the enabling legislation will be forthcoming.The nolsy propaganda does not express public opinion, for it is not in the public interest.But if the public hear only one side and hear it often enough, they will assume that it is inevitable.And thet is the whole calculation behind all the propaganda.Mr.Beatty's chief interest le not to save Canada, but to save the specu- Intors In C.P.R.bonds and shares from standing any of the losses inevitable to railway operation today.The growing competition of the highways and the airways, if not of the * waterways also, is bringing to an end any chance of profits to railways.Even their bond interest will dwindle.And Canada is not going to repeat the blunder of loading itself up with obligations to railway shareholders.A burnt child dreads the fire.One white elephant is enough.We don\u2019t want its twin.Amalgamation of the railways is probably inevitable.But this must be absolutely under government control and \u201cfairness to capital Interests\u201d \u2014the share and bondholders of a private corporation, facing difficulties due to miscalculation\u2014must not be permitted to perpetrate unfairness to profit out of war, He would mobilise the Canadian people from generation and conscript ali man power and material wealth of the entire nation at the outbreak of war and would ows down salaries andl Incomes of individual to the level of the pay of the common soldier in the field.Reducing temptations to stay home might make more men eager for the excitements of war.More to the point, Mr.Hughes would make the warring generation pay Ks way, meeting all expenses by taxation and capital levies, thus avoiding saddling the nation with war debts from generation to generation.It is men like that who are taking all the romance out of war.There was such good fun in the last big war when a hundred per cent annual profits added to the mest of conducting the business of selling to the government, \u2018True, some soldiers lost their lives, but what is that to war Profiteers, who might arguë that we probably would not have jobs for them today if they were alive, anyhow?Mr.Hughes\u2019 proposal is at least socially minded, but fs chances are small among a body that contains so many who fattened on the war feast.THE TASK AHEAD GAIN there are rumors of an eariy prorogation.Whether that should come by Government design or by Opposition tactics it behooves our Busy Bennett to get ahead with the legislation he more or less specifically outlined and definitely promised in his fadio addresses and in the Speech from the Throne.He had better take time by the forelock lest sickneas or other contre-temps should later interfere with his promised program.These things should be shoved through first, for the country will accept no excuse 1f any of them are left unfulfilled.He Must not permit them to be crowded out by any thing.Big Chief Nolsy- Promise-No-Fulfillem would not look well on his political tombstone.The growing rattle of raiiway propa- Sanda Le obviously and financed by selfish interest.It is plain to generation.NOT ENOUGH R.IAN MACKENZIE brought the anly real criticimn that can be made against the Government's reform program when on Monday of this week he charged that it was inadequate, Who, having in mind the leg- iglation the Government has brought down or projected, can deny that it contains no definite or effective policy to deal with widespread actual unemployment, which, in Mr.Mackenzie's .words \u201ccontinues to be Canada\u2019s most urgent national problem\u201d?Mr.Mac- kenxie offered on behalf of the Opposition to consent to the shelving of all other questions before the House or Mkely to be presented, in order to discuss the emergency.If Sir George Perley's response to this challenge was tndicative of the mind, of the Government, we are still a long way from having in authority at Ottawa, men who are prepared to make a frontal attack on this gravest of national ills.Sir George deprecated publishing the relief totals of Canada, which he described as \u2018bad publicity\u201d.Stuff and nonsense.Let us know the full extent of our troubles and face them Hke men and women instead of indulging in this puerile evasion of facts Bir George and his lik were prompt enough in calling an emergency session just after their election in 1930, to hoist the tariff in favor of their friends and contributors to campaign funds, What the country wants to see today is similar eagerness in this time of real emergency, affecting the whole country, not & few plutocrats.Mr.Mac- kensie\u2019s charge that the party now in power bas unenviable prominence in the tariff and quota folly that has strangled trade the world over, is one that can netther be ignored nor dened.Revelations before the Mass Buying Inquiry have effectually disposed of the hypocrisy that the restrictions that tariff imposed on trade were for the benefit of labor.To take the chief beneficlary, the textile industry, it was shown that the Dominion Textile Company, operating in a tariff sheltered industry, earned last year its highest profits since 1929, while still paying\u2019 7 per cent lower wages.PUBLIC.AND SEPARATE SCHOOLS UPPORIERS of the demand of the Catholic Taxpayers\u2019 Assoclation in Ontario for amendments to present laws in order to secure a greater share of achool taxes for the Roman Catholic Beparate Schools are treading on hollow ground when they back up their claims with the assertion that all they are asking is what the Roman Catholic majority in Quebec has granted to the Protestant minority.In the first place the Roman Catholic majority have \u201cgranted\u201d the Protestants of the Anclent Province precisely nothing so far as educational autonomy is foncerned.That right was arrogated to themselves by the predominantly Protestant British element when Canade passed from the domain of the Louis's to the George's and has since been vested in the minority throughout Colonial and Responsible Canadian government.What \u201cgrants\u201d are involved are those agreed to, first by the British rulers and later by Canadian governments \u2014 in all cases overwhelmingly Protestant\u2014to subjugated and minority Roman Catholic groups in this country.Establishment of provincial government in Canada has resulted in majority Roman Catholic government in Que- * bec with Protestant educational rights constitutionally .guaranteed \u2014 not by any Roman Catholic group in Quebec.There is no genuine comparison be- .tween the Roman Catholic Separate Schools of Ontario and the Protestant Schools in the Province of Quebec.The latter in no sense of the word public school to the state the greater should be the support extended by state.According to the British America Act puouc money must be diverted to religiously sectar- uses.This provision has been flouted in recent years by the Quebec Government which has allocated money\u2014raised chiefly by taxation of Prutestants and Jews\u2014to Roman institutions.For example, à grant was made from the Provincial Treasury to the University of Montreal, à Roman Catholic Institution At the present moment 3 Roman Catholic, Abbe August La Palme, is ; testant school.The Protestant School Boards of Montreal have been passing through lean times financially in recent years; salaries have had to be reduced; fees have had to be raised and necessary school accommodation is still unavailable through a mounting deficit of funds.By the three- panel system of Quebec, money from school taxes on corporations which are overwhelmingly Protestant owned # distributed according to the religious .population, with the result that Roman Catholic schools get the lion's share of money that comes chiefly from Protestant sources.Conservative estimates place this leakage at & million dollars a year, more than enough to lift all the Protestant schools in and around Montreal out of their present financial bog.The less Roman Catholic schools in On- tarlo point to Quebec Protestant achools in support of uneir claims, the better for their own cause.HOW ARE THE MIGHTY FALLEN! F CAPITALISM declines proportionately with the rapid disinie- gration of the reputation of leading capitalists in all countries, one may fairly be pardoned for thinking that the end of the system cannot be far off.The awe and reverence with which the ordinary wage earner\u2014not to mention church, state and bench was accustomed to regard the milton.maker In pre-29 days has sadly diminished with the appearance mn the dock of one after another of the financial wisards of the hectic era, the revelations of the wholesas swindling of investors and wage earners and of the crass blindness and stupidity in the midst of the greatest financial debacle we world has known.And the hundredth part has not yet been told.Slowly it has dawned upon the people of ali hations that so far from being benefactors and \u201cnation- bullders\u201d (a favorite term) their so- calied financial leaders have too gen- eraly been greedy racketeers, when they were not downright cheats and men of straw.Britain, after a decade and a half in the gloom of post-war industrial chaos, is struggling upwards toward the light when a sudden rise in her numbers of unemployed -gives sharp warning that the end of the night is not yet in sight.Unemployed, whose bare subsistence granis have been materially reduced as «8 economy measure to help national finances become restive and the Prime Minister is heckied and insulted by their spokesmen in and out of the House; the Government, tortured by the reminder that the disease it is battling with has become endemis, out warning a group of greedy and callous London speculators, including a titled tobacco lord ard some still unnamed financial \u201cleaders\u201d shake the business fabric and spread disastrous panic by an abortive attempt to corner the market of thet humble kitchen commodity, pepper.Two oF three large, old and hitherto fairly respectable London firms go down in ruin and disgrace in the rout; but that 1s the least of the damage.Busi neus, jittery for years, is again thrown WITNESS and Canadian Hemestead, FEBRUARY 27, 1936, ministers\u2019 names are linked with the scandal and only a thorough ventilation and cleansing of the gangrene will prevent the infection of the entire Cabinet.Meantime the damage has been done.Nearer Home ON this side appears Arthur Cutten, the Canadian-born Chicago wheat gambler, who two years ago proudly claimed the title of \u201cking of wheat speculators\u2019\u2014nothing else\u2014is barred from trading in the grain exchange far deliberately flouting the rules that have been devised to prevent prices \"to the farmers from sinking almost out of sight.This \u201cbenefactor\u201d whose remedy for the wheat surplus is to dump a hundred million bushels into Lake Michigan is charged with having caused farmers losses, reaching at one period to 78 cents a bushel, through his illegal manipulations under various allases on the exchange As might be expected, Mr.Cutten finds that the action taken to restrain his imperilling of the welfare of two milion farmers for his own private benefit is \u201cunconstitutional\u201d.To crown all comes the explanation of the mysterious calling-off of Mr.Hoover's onslaught upon the bear raiders of the stock market whom he blamed In 1932 for paralyzing his recovery efforts.Right at his own elbow was Mr.Andrew Mellon, \u201cthe greatest Secretary of the Treasury since Hamilton,\u201d multi-milllonaire and head of a dynasty controlling over seven billion dollars, yet not above indulging in a little flutter that netted him a mere $70,000, while knifing the Administration program in the rear.Proximity to the trough was too great a temptation.Mr.Hoover, who even as President never got over his early obsequious adoration of the big money men, lacked the courage to eject the offender in ignominy.Mr.Mellon was accordingly despatched in haste to London as Ambassador to Great Britain.A government action to recover some three million dollars of alleged income tax evasion is at present under way against Mr.Mellon.Canada has had her full ahare of those who have taken advantage of office to enrich themselves.Not to name a long list, we should name at least ex-Benator MacDougald, Senators Raymond and Haydon, Meighen, ex-Premier Henry, Six Clifford Sifton and the late Hon.E.B.Ryckman.It's a Plague 'VWWHAT i540 be done with these diseas- od mentalities?Nations are beginning to realize that instead of making demi-gods and leaders of these men, instead of permitting governments to big business \u201cleader\u201d is really a fick soul, who for own good and that of the com- ty has to be restrained.Jusi as baron of the Middle Ages to be put down as a nuisance.so predatory greed of the plutocrat to be checked else civilisation topple into the discard.The iate .P.O'Connor used to say that he known practically all the big oney men of his day and with one exception he found them all à little more or less money-mad.It is a ply that we cannot devise a humanely- fh PÉÈBER gE being allowed to indulge their pro- with blanket circulation over the island, a Gundy the sole right to float bonds on communications to the mainland, and a Fa à model department store on w he could distribute employee ownership stock to his heart's content.Bach antisocial specialist, in his own particular sphere, would have the others to exploft, as employees, shareholders and patrons.The clinic directors would have to bear in mind at all times, that their patients were accustomed to ceaseless intrigue on the money markets, to activity ceaseless as that of the mole burrowing through a sea dyke and with no more realization than the mole of the social consequences of that activity.Concentrating their activities upon each other for a few years might possibly cure them.But cannot they themselves see in the picture the error of their ways?And what will a man take in exchange for his soul?GOLD ILL the people who talk 20 confidently of the \u201cgold standard\u201d\u2014as though it wes one of those God-ordained, immutable laws which men dishonor to their perll\u2014answer some questions for us?\u2014 (@) The foot-rule and the pound avoirdupols, for example, and their equivalents in decimal terms are the same the world around.They stay the same regardless of changes in Government, the whims of faddists or the greed of men.Even wars between nations do not change them.Moreover.they are everywhere abundant and available equally to rich and poor.They measure and weigh the cheapest and most costly of material They are the same potentially yesterday, today and forever.These are obvious standards.Now for a question: What happened to the \u201cgold standard\u201d when, by fiat (not of currency, which was not then increased, but of the standard) the President of the United States declared that the National Treasury would immediately raise the potentiality of gold from $20.60 per ox.to $35 per oz.for all it bought.Did he not do it to give an increased fictitious value, à flat value, to the vaster store of gold already in the U.S.Treasury?(b) Hea the inherent value of gold bullion really jumped so greatly overnight?(c) Had a laboring man\u2019s hire per day suddenly become worth so much less in basic values as represented by the new price ticket on gold?(d) Where was the stability in a standard that would, overnight, so upset the whole economic order?(e) Is it not as wrong to change the values of land (or gold) by fiat a8 to change landmarks and turn watercourses?(I) If gold can be corralied and cornered by any nation and its potency be changed overnight in that way, ls Jt not too precarious a commodity for the world to accept as its standard of values?What would be said if the United States contracted for a million feet of airplane wood af a dollar à foot; and then, while the wood was on its way, the President decreed that à foot now called for 20\u201d aquare, or that the dollar called for only 80 cts?(g) Is it any saner to try to bulld an economic order on shifting standards of values than a bridge, skyscraper or watch, on shifting standards of measures and weighta?Since there is not anything like enough gold above ground now upon which to base the currencies and bond and other pledges to pay in gold\u2014 pensities on a steadily diminishing.even if the normal \u201cvalue\u201d of goid was scale.A Webster might be humored by beldg allewed to grab the water and corner the fuel supply of the island; a HoM might be given exclusive title fo all the waterfalls; tariff boundaries behind which to force wages down and prices up and an imitation theological college might be established to give a Dawson an outlet for seal in firing professors with explosive thoughts; we might give Cutten a toy grain exchange, a Hearst a tiny press doubled by flat\u2014and since the lion's share of the existing gold has been impounded in the United Btates, how then shall the nations return to gold?And what would happen if China and the Continent of Africa both woke up to the ways of civilisation, began manufacturing and Hving on the European and Anglo-Saxon scale and decided on the gold standard?Would gold at $1,000 ner os.fulfl] such conditions?When a theory pressed to the Mmit is reduced to an absurdity, it atraîghtway to agme loentlousnes, Oh, there are other questions we would Mke to ask, but answers to these may clear the air.Possibly they will help to answer a correspondent who holds that we are quite wrong in saying that present currency is worth more than the currency borrowed by Vancouver on bond issues.He holds that money has been inflated because gold is \u201cworth\u201d more of it.The test of inflation is the effective potentiality of currency in the commodity market.How many & man borrowed on morigage up to half the value of his home in the 1930's, and now the home could not be sold for the amount of the mortgage! Some \u201cgold standard\u201d people remind us of those who, making a first trip in & balloon, imagine that the world is falling away from them and, when descending, that the world is rapidly \u2018coming \u2018up to hit them.Sin- bad the sallor, whey wrecked, landed with a companion on a desert island with great satisfaction.On lighting a fire to cook a meal, the shipwrecked mariners felt a violent convulsion of the \u201cisland\u201d.It turned out to be a whale, which, taking French leave, left them again struggling In the waves.One may yet speak of \u201cthe gold cure\u201d or the curse of gold, but how can anyone think of gold as a standard of values?RELIGION\u2014SEDATE, SEDATIVE or CHALLENGING CREDAL religion may be as vital and simulating as painted ship on painted ocean.Like slow hockey, an easy, sentimental religion is not up to mucn.It can sing itself dopey with \u201cSeth Parker\u201d and think it Le doing \u201cdivine service\u201d.It is funny \u2014or is that the word?\u2014to hear an audience singing with great fervor things that they do not believe at all.After creating the world, God said !t was \u201cvery good\u201d.Yet one audience will sing with great gusto: \u201cThis world's a desert drear\u201d although none of them want to leave if, even for \u2018heaven.And across the street another audience is enrapt as the sweet little soprano and the big basso pro- fundo are duetting: \u201cOh, that I had the wings of a dove, I'd fly away to the wilderness, there to be forever at rest- {or ever at rest\u201d They are carried away on the wings of Mendelssohn's beautiful musical setting all right, but we wish someone would supply more honest sentiments and more desirable action or inaction to the basso and soprano.\u201cSeth Parker\u201d is not the only promoter of religious dope.Our churches are son- arous with versified phrases that we do not and should not believe.If the first line of the hymn is good and the tune is popular, the hymæ will be sung by religious congregations, however nonsensical and lacking in Chris- some of the rest of it may be.and the rhyme and the tune are right, why be so particular about mere words! Who thinks of them, anyway?Is it not because there are so few £21 : 8 cept) £8 J i if i E ! ! E R Ë some dishonesty in business, some un- charitableness.There is no ceal challenge in much that ls called religion, Nearly everybody is a \u201cChristian\u201d who does not happen to have been born a Jew.As someone has said, \u201cThere i too much \u201cIanity\u201d, too little of Christ in the religion of today.The religion of Jesus was a tremendous challenge to personal adventure for \u201cthe Kingdom.\u201d Who has not been amused to see à slow-motion hockey reel creep across the screen?But we would not if we could, and we could not if we would, play slow hockey.In the first place, the puck would not leave the stick without a swift shove.A slow, easygoing religion 8 as tame and as LEVEN bills making for tighter control of shipping so as to fos- lons, to Congress.This action of Then carried away by indignation, he spolie of \u201cspeculative scoundrels\u201d and \u201cvillains\u201d and implied that some sat a8 members of the House.He was censured for \u201cdisorder\u201d and had to apologise.After a few days he withdrew all un-parllamentary expressions, but refused to withdraw any statement of fact.His protest was effective, for iate as it was in the seaslon, the Government introduced embedying \u2014 Law and Enforcement pLIMoLLSs great Merchant Shipping Act was passed in 1876.In 1890 the fixing of the load line, \u201cthe Plimsoll MaTk,\u201d was removed from the owners\u2019 discretion and made a duty of the Government Board of Trade.President Roosevelt and Mr.Bland in their efforts after reform may expect similar opposition to that encountered by Mr.Plimsoll.Their task may be more complicated.In Britain the difficulty is in getting legislation passed.Once passed, those involved usually obey and officials see that the law is enforced.In the United States too often @ law 1s passed on a flood of enthusiasm, but is soon allowed to become à dead letter.Theodore Roosevelt said that half the peopie in his country spent their time in making laws, while the other half devoted their talents to inventing means to circumvent them.In this, as in everything else, à quick and lively public conaclence is the all-important factor.Let us hope that this will not be lacking in the matter of the protection of life at sea.MR.HEPBURN AND \u201cTEMPERANCE PEOPLE\" DELEGATION from the Ontario Temperance Federation waited on Premier Hepburn and EK.G.Odette, Liquor Commissioner, last Friday.They hoped, among other things, that the beer and wine sales legislation should be repealed or that a provincial referendum should be held on the question.Neither of these suggestions was received sympathetically by the Premier or the Commissioner.The .former promised, however, that there would be no liquor advertising in Ontario, and no beer and wine in restaurants.The latter stated that the Commission had turned down more applications for liquor sale than they had granted.In Gelt, Alexandria and Lancaster, he sald, he had cancelled beer sale authorities, not because he had to, but out of regard for the temperance people.The temperance people will be grateful to Mr.Odette for his \u201cregard.\u201d It may be news to him, however, that they are not looking for, \u201cregard\u201d and do not wish anything to be done for feelings of \u201cregard\u201d to them.When they press for reforms to limit drinking, they do 20 because they have \u201cregard\u201d for the people of the province and especially for the young people in whose path\u2014 difficult enough aiready\u2014the Government has set the traps known as \u201cbeverage rooms.\u201d There is evidence that the criticism of these institutions is abundantly justified, that they bring back the old bar-room cusioms with the additional evil of mixed drinking.\u201cA Knotty Problem\u201d THERE is Utile doubt that a provincial referendum would go against the Government's beer and Wine system, The sturdy temperance convictions which once characterized Ontario are not altogether dead The delegation made the point that local option is not as satisfactory as in former times because of speedy automo- \u2018 bile transportation.This is one of the most important features of the liquor problem today, and must be given careful consideration both by temperance reformers and by governments.It will certainly not be met by giving increased facilities for the sale of liquor.Up to the present this seems to have been the policy of Mr.Hepburn and Ms Government, in Spite of their professed \u201cregard for the temperance people.\u201d Mr.Odette confessed to the delegation that administration of the Liquor Control Act was a \u201cknotty problem.\u201d Knotty Problems, if they are let alone, have & tendency to become still move complicated.Bometimes the knot has to be cut.Those who have given most thought to the question are persuaded WITNESS and Canadian that only some such drastic treatment can solve the liquor problem, A Challenge MR.HEPBURN, however, gave some good advice to the delegation.\u201cYour particular field 4s that of education.Eliminate the customers and there will be no sale.Carry on your campaign of education.\u201d This ia à straight challenge to the good people of Ontario.Temperance education made Ontario a temperance province.Has there in late years been a lack of this necessary foundation to reform?We cannot but remember that temperance was ai its strongest in Ontario when the Witness Dally and Weekly had a relatively much larger circulation in that province.Families and individuals who were \u201cbrought up on the Witness,\u201d are still in many places the brain and back-bone of temperance work.The Witness 1s very anxious to be of service, but ita hands are to a great extent tied for lack of friendly co-operation.This: applies to other provinces besides Ontario.What are our friends ar.i the friends of temperance and other reforms going to do about i?REV.IRA W.PIERCE HE REV.IRA W.PIERCE passed \u201cto higher service\u201d last Wednesday morning.To few has it been given to compress so much work of 80 varied character into the comparatively brief space of fifty-three years.Ira Pierce was born in Ingersoll, On- | tario and early felt the call to devote hig life to the Christian ministry.He graduated from the Congregational College in Montreal in 1910 and became pastor of Waterville (Quebec) Congregational Church.Then came the further beckoning which led Mr.Pierce and his wife to leave the happy surroundings of a Canadian country town for life among an oppressed and distressed people, and they entered the American training college in Har- _poot, Armenia.Here they were just entering on their active service when the Great War broke out.The missionary work became altogether disorganized, the sufferings of the Armenians were intensified, Mr.and Mrs.Pierce had to trek amid scenes of Turkish and Hurd barbarity to Beyrout on the Syrian coast, where\u2019 they were interned.Friend of the Armenians NALLY Mr.Pierce and his family were protected by the passports which they held in virtue of their position under the American Board, but their hearts were torn by the tragic condition of the homeless and perishing Armenian refugees, whom they aided as they could and for whom they appealed to the Christians of the world.The dark cloud was not lifted till the arrival of Allen- by and his crusaders in 1918.On returning home Mr.Pierce was called to the \u2018United (Congregational) Church in Granby, but the plight of the Armenians was still on his heart, and he threw himseif Into the work of establishing à home at George- by his final iliness.A man of broad vision, of warm heart, of consecrated lite, it Hemestead, FERRUARY F7, 1686, PIONEER PAPERS Enough of Window-Dressing By Dr.D.L.Ritchie O ALL who have a sense of bumor, politics can have an amusing side.What happens in that department of life often makes tolerant men amile, it may be somewhat cynically.Human nature is capable of strange surprises and nowhere more startlingly than in the realm of heated partisan politics.There men can behave more like sheep than as réasonable beings, indeed they far outstrip abeep in sheepish ways, for they do in mobs the very things that but yesterday they declared they would never do.Sheep are at least innocent of such assertions and contradictions.Their negations do not suddenly become their enthusiasms, nor their loudly declared dislikes, their unfaMering devotions; and all that without rhyme er reason given.A striking example of all this has just been exhibited by the Conservative party in\u2018 Ottawa, and as far as one cah learn, right across the country.The party has suddenly and strangely agreed that what it denounced yesteraay as mischievous nonsense and dangerous radicaliam is now the essence of wisdom and the sublime of statesmanship.The \u201cyellows\u201d have become \u201cblues\u201d, indeed \u201cpinks.\u201d Measures that on the lips of Liberals were madness, have become in the hands of its own suddenly converted leaders necessary for tne salvation of the country.\u201cSo the multitude make virtue of the faith they had denied.\u201d Untll Mr.Bennett had made his astounding somersaults, no language was too acornful, no denunciation too lurid for Unemployment Insurance.It was the hated, pernicious, man-blighting nation- destroying \u201cdole\u201d.The very mention of it made the Tories rave.Now it Is the right of citizenship and the highway of deliverance; and the cynical add\u2014at least from destruction © the next Federal election.The converted have no objections to raise, no suggestions to make, no improvements to add: they have nothing to say or do, but to receive their opponents\u2019 accursed policy from the hands of their own leader as inspired wisdom and to vote for it with admiring gratitude.Truly such mass conyersion can be impressive and ridiculous, inferming sad laughable, suggestive and mirth- provoking, It gives abundant reason for playful cynicism on the part of the worldling, and for scornful wrath on the lips of opponents.Such suddenly-found mob salvation, however, raises searching questions in regard to political convictions, thought-out policies, intelligent citi- senship and sincere .party loyalties.Does it not reduce representative democracy to something of a farce?\u201cWhy not let us have marionettes on their strings?\u201d many contemptuously ask.\u201cThey would be vastly cheaper and funnier, and at least without pretence,\u201d they add.Certainly what has happened; practically overnight, with the Conservative party and radical social .reform, is amasing and amusing, enough to make cynics by the thousand and to justify the most biting things ever said about party politics.\u201cAh! well, you ace,\u201d said à Scots golf caddie when the late Earl Balfour took some notice of him, \u201cwe's Conservatives always hang the- gether.\u201d \u201cHanging together,\u201d the Bennettites certainly are, and for their sudden conversion I have heard do, is right, however contradictory: \u201cWell, well,\u201d he said, \u201cI suppose it had rather that our the other fellow He was at least frank, if not highly intelligent, But, on the part of some, amazement and amusement, on the part of others scorn and wrath at such sudden mass conversion, are abundantly with us, and no one need ask why?At last \u201c*Tis prosperous to be just.\u201d Bo tbe Tories hope, KEBN 28 1 am for social reform long overdue, I am not greatly concerned by what party it may be enacted, if only it is near what 1 pretends to be.But the time has come for performances not promises, for things effectively done, not for programs eloquently expounded.We have had more than enough of that from ail parties.\u201cThe goods delivered, not windows diessed\u201d is now the demand of the nation.Mr.Bennett must get credit for the speed with which he has begun to fulfil his long list of new promises; and yet candor requires it be said that his first efforts are disappointing.Granted that the framework of ais Insurance Bill is sound, its applications are far too restricted to meet the need.It does nothing for our present widespread blight of unemployment.It simply ignores it.As Unemployment Insurance in Canads it excludes far too many classes.While it will be a boon to artisans and factory workers, it will also aggravate \u201csome of the evils from which we already suffer so grievously.Country workers\u2014land workers, lumbermen, fishermen, etc., are excluded from the benefits of the Bill.Such exclusions will only increase the streams of youths and maidens from the country to the city and flood the labor market there.Some economic security, some protection against one of the great human miseries irregular employment and family starvation, is the urgent demand; and people will flock where they can get it.Something, therefore, must be done to give workers on land and water economic security and so help to keep them from congested city and town life.But the present Bill simply ignores these, our most urgent needs.It is only one more promise for the future in city and town; welcome as that, but plainly in its exclusion of so many from benefit fraught with a steady increase of the 1lls from which we already suffer.Why cannot some of the mass converts wake up and prove the reality of their conversion by activities in making this Bill equal to the urgent need of our country and one of its ways to prosperity.Further, the delay \u2014the planned long delay, some assert\u2014in regard to Health Insurance is greatly to be deplored.The need for that is as great as for Unemployment Insurance.The masses simply cannot afford medical assistance.Doctors cannot make à living and many of them are ready to go on the \u201cdole.\u201d Our hospitals are overcrowded because attention to ills is delayed.From East and West comes the cry for help, and the reasons given for delay are not convine- ing.Burely if the Peace Treaty gives power to enact Federal Unemployment Insurance, # cannot exclude Health Insurance.Provincial rights make a bandy cry and provide excuses for doing nothing, but the masses are tn no mood to be bluffed any longer.To get things done, they are ready to make short work of Provincial rights, and such as shelter behind them.\u201cEnough of window dressing\u201d they say, \u201clet us have the goods over the counter.\u201d Former President Hoover emerges from his seclusion to urge a return te the gold standard for the United States as essential to prosperity.What sort of prosperity?The kind that the nation experienced during his' four years of office which wound up with all the banks closed and business at à atdndstill? UESDAY, Pobruary 19\u2014The Unemployment Insurance Bill continued in Committee of the Whole House.Throughout the discussions the Prime Minister made it clear that unless there were excellent reasons advanced for the inclusion of certain industries or classes of employment now exempted there would be no additions to the proposed list.There was one exception, though, which was mentioned when the bill was first before Parllament and which was referred to again by Wilfred Hanbury (Liberal, Vancouver-Burrard).He Saw no reason why lumbering in Brit- lsh Columbia should not be included because it was an all-year employment and the Prime Minister indicated that if this condition could be clearly established there was no reason why the commission which will administer the fund should not in- ciude the British Columbia employees in the Jumbering business.Other members insisted there was Dot sufficiently clear provision in the measure to provide for such inclusion after the particuler class of employment had been specifically excluded by the provisions of the bill but the Prime Minister declared that the commission would be given full power etther to exclude or include.Any industries that had been so excluded The Prime Minister pictured a fund totalling about $43,000,000.The cost about $6.000,000, so that at the lower cost figure the total amount to be required of the federal treasury annum, including cost of admin- stration and contribution, would be least $14,000,000.The total number those employed in its administration might be 4,000.\u2018Maritime Pro- annually if a department administered the act.A.A.Beaps (Labor, North Winnipeg), thought that the commission to administer the scheme had power to place certain industries in the ex- $ I ] E E WITNESS and Canadian Hemestend, FERRUARY 27, 1998, The Week in Parliament Gariaad Challenges Contributory Principle ER.J.Garland (UF.A, Bow River) moved an amendment which would have substituted use of the social .credit of the national economy for the workers\u2019 contributions.In his speech presenting the case for his suggestion the Co-operative Commonwealth Pederationist said: \u201cWe find by reference to the figures supplied by the Dominion bureau of statistics showing the average earnings by wage-earners in Canada and the provinces for 1931, that the aver- ase earnings of all adult males was $027 per year and of females $580.\u201cIf we subdivide them Into some of the more important branches of industry that come under the operation of this bill, we find thet in manufacturing the average annual earnings amounted to $1.038 for males fully employed and $543 for females, or an average of $790, \u201cIn the construction trade the average for males is $709 per annum and the average for females $733 \u201cIn the vegetable products branch of manufacturing the average for males is $910 and for females $453, while in the animal products branch the averare for males is $941 and for females $479.\u201cThe figures show positively appalling wages.on the basis of which it is not possible to maintain any decent standard of living in this country, much less a comfort standard; and until the wage earner i In receipt of a decent standard of living there should not be exacted from him a contribution for any period of unemployment that may ensue.\u201cThe labor bureau, following the example of Paul Douvias, undertook for the benefit of the industrial relations committee some years ago to compile for the use of that committee and of members of this house what they called standard of living budgets, taking various levels of lining for the basis of their budget.The minimum subsistence level, according to the labor bureau, is $1,077 per annum.May 1 point out that this is not the minimum subsistence level budget of 1920 or 1980; it is the minimum level brourht up to December, 1934.The health and decency level required in December, 1934, was $1.339 and the comfort level was $1,878.\u201cLet it be noted that only under the comfort level budget is there any provision for medical or dental care, and on'y under the health and decency level and the comfort level is any provision made, meagre as it is, for such things as soap and, let us say, a dally newsnaver or a maeasine or something Mike that once in a while.In other words.the average standard of living in Canada is far below the yey of the American Federation of Labor, and in a chart they published in a recent statement they show that the wage earner\u2019s share in each dollar created by manufacture has steadily contracted, In 1849 the wage earner received 51 per cent of the value i g : BËT ÊgaF Fe a à 1 i i pid ci q fe i | | | Mr.Garland's motion was seconded Angus Innis (Labor, Vancouver South).Premier Bennett replied that this was a contributory insurance scheme and that was the issue.Every-' thing was based on that principle.The CCF.amendment was rejected by a large unrecorded majority.Under the act men who have no other place of residence may registered in the district where the HiHH > BE ares | is i ! \u201cOn grounds of equity and justice I svbmit that these men in the unemployment camps are entitled to exercise the franchise either by the method suxwested or by arrangements made between the government and tHe proper officials for the transportation of the men to the polls, because they themselves have not the facill- w Resipresity Again Raised .ednesday, February 20\u2014Hon.B.N.Rhodes, M of urged the House not to with debate on the resolution of Ultane Duff (Liberal, An.tigonish-Guysboro) calling for the free tary into Canada of equipment used Speaking to his resslution Mr.Duff said that he it as one of the mest yours in that À affecte ocre, (ja some one cou, try\u2019s industries, F.W.Gershaw (Liberal, Medicine Hat) and Dr.J.P.Howden (Liberal, St.Boniface.) Mr.Bradette thought there should be exepaditure af $23000000 over à pe- 5 i IE ï Ë {5 É : SIERERE i di ; E iiss er e925 i {fans uh g ÉTÉ 3 Ë Esse â a Ÿ i1 8 8 5 i 3 ! | | Z | 8 Bie E fl D § i i g i : | 8 g + i 8 s 4 iis â à ä FL tie § CY ; ; d bar i : : sons of the farmers.cangot natural occupation, not having the to establish themselves on \u201cI believe I know enoug I on the land\u2014crown land or otherwise\u2014 12,000 to 14,000 of these young people between the ages of 16 and 22, who are sons of farmers and whose natural ition would be farming, and to give them a sum of $1,000 in five payments of Sir George Perley, Acting Prime ister, replying to the Bradette motion, said that the Federal Government dome everything possible to assist in the back-to-the-land movement, but the project proposed In the Bradette resolution was really an unemployment relief move and the ty for such s lay primarily with the provinces told the House how under unemployment relief the Federal Government had helned in placing people on the farms and keeping them there, and he od the tendency of young people to the clties.In nearly four y scheme whereby the railways Department of Colonisation co-opera\u2018 had pisced 14.748 families on farme engaged a total of 32,800 people work.\u2018Then there was the reli in the form 3 E teil i & iE Ës 3 February 37, 1934.Achieved thro © WITNESS AND CANADIAN ROMESTEAD OXFORD GROUP WEEKLY SUPPLEMENT For a New Social Order \u2014 Under God's Guidance ugh Individual Life Changing on a Colossal Scale For the Restoration of God\u2019s Authority Oxford Group Teams Converge on Cambridge, Massachusetts OM New York, the Eastern States, New Eng- fand, the South and the Middle West, Oxford Group Teams numbering from a dozen to 159 came together in Cambridge, Mass, from February Tth to 17th to demonstrate Rev.crisis.\u201d visited 32 many different denominations, but spoke with one voice and we saw there the new Power which is coming to the church, United in fellowship and in à common vision, and taking steps to bring that vision to reality.Seclal Service en Life Changing Basis On Monday eveming members of the team met 150 Jesders from the private as many school teachers.Dr.Charies Coakley Graves, psychiatrist at the State Hospital in New Jersey, Dr.Irene Gates, engaged in the clinic of a large New York hospital and Deaconess Whittaker tome in their professional work as the Tesalt of their own personal commitment to a new way of life.They told of how Back Rew:-@keldon Roots, On Sunday, 120 of the team divided and different churches PART OF THE CAMBRIDGE TEAM Front Rowers.Loring Swaim, Boston; Miss Rosamond Lomberd, Brookline; Mrs.William Wood, Cambridge; Frederic Lawrence, Cambridge; Miss Ann Edward Perry, a new knowledge of themselves had brought a new understanding of patients, families and associates and of how a new, spirit is affecting their relation to the institutions which they serve.A New Citisenry The first large public meeting was held in the Elks Hall, the largest auditorium in the business section of the city, and the crowds were 30 great that an overflow meeting was held in the Baptist Church across the street.Those who know Cambridge from a distance as the site of Har- ward College are apt to think of it as an academic community.It is, however, one of the most important industrial cities of New England and it has all the problems of unemployment, slums and conflicting nationalities which affect every large city.: Mr.H Alexander Smith, a New York lawyer and Treasurer of the Republican Party in New Jersey opened the meeting on the note that à new citizenry is in the making, and asserted from his own experience that spiritual forces must be recognized as the only forces available today which can right the present political situation.- William Sanborn, a construction en- ernment works showed how Others who spoke included a Roman Catholic nurse, a teacher at the Cambridge High School, a Y.W.C.A.Secretary and a Boston business man.BEE Hh il 4 8 1 ! i i i 2IERE if : i Harding, Cambridge.; Lee Vrooman, International College, Smayrun; De.Loring Sweim, Bostos: late of Turkey: Rev.Frederic Lawrence, Cambridge; Normas Mumm, Cambridge.Visien Becomes Really Hanford Twitchell, New York Real Estate Broker and Investment Council told of the conversion of business deals in which, through prayer, public interest came to precede private profit and men were awakened to translate into action deep convictions which they had previously kept hidden from sight.Mrs.Sato, a negro woman in charge of a government sewing unit whose mother was born in slavery, told of the new freedom she had found through the Oxford Group and how, in spite of despairingly adverse circumstances, a new spirit had come into her home and in her work, where ail her workers are white women.She was immediately followed by Mrs.William Ritter, who moves in diplomatic circles in Washington, and who toi: in a marked Southern accent of the same freedom which had come to her.The Highest Common Maltiple Dr.Samuel Shellabarger, a Princeton professor, told of how he had transferred his membership from a group of theorists who had sought a least common de- denominator of religious experience on activity.Mrs.Charles L.Slattery of Boston, widow of the late Bishop Slattery, told how in spite of being religious all her life and of trying to help others to be ness men, graduates, women, girls, many hundreds of them, met had gained a vision of a new world and were willing to pay the price to see that new world take form.The contagion of the life spread Families which had beendisunited came together, decisions of & costly nature were made, the power of God and His victory came into many lives.A new com- Z men will listen and The Viclerieus Church Efficiency experts, employers of labor, women active in club work, everyone who deals with people in large numbers and faces big issues and problems, might\u2019 Well think a little of the significance of those ten days in Cambridge.Where else in the world today, except through the Oxford Group, is there a men of different color, of every age and class, from a radius of several thousand miles, to be\u2019 at once a welded unit in action for God; out-living, out-thinking cial order to the world, we feel it a peivi- loge to dedicate this part of our paper te the advancement of the Group.We are responsibility to see that it is used in the maximum way.We ask you to face thie responsibility squarely, Wa feel that our part in producing this supplement is a sacred trust and we ak you, regard your part in\u2019 distributing it in the same light. WITNESS and Canadian Hemaestend, FEBRUARY 27, 1938.Releasing Spiritual Power Important West-of-England House Party at Malvern From Maivern Gasetée, Oxford Group Special Supplement.of Christianity in modern England T: RELEASE the constructive forces is the determination of over 1,000 and harnessed the latent forces of electricity, so the Oxtord Group is flooding ,REp14 hr | E és E i i À i ik RE £} iF i: i of Ë il TÉFRÉÉSGE lle! work of life- changing throughout the diocese.Their determination to see an awakening in the West of England has led to this house party.i i i I 5 Ë : ER | | i tt Ë i ; i i 5 Ë Ë E i Hq § i H | | | | parties.It was on his suggestion that-the team\u2019s visit to the East End of London was planned.Other visitors from London are Lady Fletcher, widow of the Cambridge scientist, who was hostess of & meeting held some time ago at Cambridge, at which many senior members of the University were present, and Mr.Henry Armitstead, a well-known City Director and former President of the Gresham Club, who has recently visited Norway with the team.Lady Richmond has brought her gardener.and the wife and daughter of the village plumber.Lady Richmond is the wife of Admiral Sir Herbert Richmond, and the Navy is further represented by Engineer-Rear-Admiral Summerford and his wife, and Lieut.-Commander Wey- mouth and his wife, while Admiral and Mrs.Drury-Lowe are expected later in the week.Colonel Lionel Walker is here from Bath, and Lieut-Colonel Vernon comes from Sussex.All these are old campaigners in the Oxford Group.Oxford Represented C.P.Andrews, whose books and whose work in India and South Africa are well- known, is here on his return from Natal, and tells of a new spirit of reconciliation among former bitter racial enemies, Oriel Professor of the Philosophy of Religion, and Bernard Bourdilion, former Secretary of the Royal Institute of International Affairs, both of whom have travelled with the team in Canada.Another visitor who was in Canada with the team is Miss Elsie Burroughs, sister of the late Bishop of Ripon.From the country comes John Meek- ings, a noted poultry farmer and agriculturist.Fraulein von Cramon comes from further afield.She is the daughter of \u201cMoni\u201d von Cramon, who has travelled extenzively with the team, and is now in Scandinavia Another overseas visitor is Johan Hambro, son of Mr.C.J.Hambro, President of the Norwegian Parliament, whose presence at an \u2018 Oxford Group luncheon in Geneva resulted in the re- Norwegian soil, went with the two other house parties, to Ber- to England.Since he this country he has met four The Church\u2019s By Canen twentieth century has been de- as the age of disillusionment, and found today F 8 ! Church Men and women holding positions of responsibility see the need, and that no Mal- faces, will ns it is Rit b Opportunity world.He hung openly upon the Cross, É g Ë È F f = century.e Christian out-lived, out-thought and out- died the pagan world.It would be so to welcome such leadership in our midst; Must voting almost its entire second page interview with Ramm and Wikborg.A further interview with Fangen was published later.The article js entitled \u201cRemarkable Afterncon in the Angleterre Hotel's Palm Lounge.Interview with Norwegian editor and Bupreme Court Advocate, who two months ago were pagans and now are » 5 Ramm of the Danes, when multiplied, because these frictions prevent that United dinavian Spiritual Pront which fet Îtusl revolution\u2014a revolution by ooo could do so much to solve the prob- sent, the only possible bloodless revolu- .lems Europe.He says, \u201cYou re- Hon that contains the snawer to all oer _member that columa in Tidens Tegn problems, the solution to all our ille, In (a large Norwegian paper), called this revolution the leadership will be \u201cThe Look-Out 2°; Well, K used spiritual, the dead corremcnding \u2018to the.(Continued st the foot of next eolumn) / depression would__never lift mentions his former The Oxford Group and National Life R L.Yates.\u201cYour visit will be the deciding factor in the history of Norway.You have come at the strategic moment, with the right answer.\u201d This was the verdict of four professors at Oslo University, two months after à .handful of foreigners had landed in Bergen, bringing the message of the Oxford Group.As a result of their visit à definite change has come over the mentality of the country.A growing body of people is beginning to live above the barriers of party, class, and creed.And there has been a convincing demonstration of what can be schieved, beginning with a tiny minority, when that minority acts.unitedly under God, to bring, at the strategic moment, the right answer.In the inner life of England and in the realm of foreign affairs we are also cisive alignment of the new.derlying everything, there is a deep spiritua! hunger, a longing for « lesd- ership that will give unity and meaning to national and international life.A fe months ago it seemed as if the cl En | iz shores; now there seems to hope.Yet the retutning prospect ter trade reminds us the prosperi not by itself cure the inner evils country.It is a question, a new prosperity, but mation.Abrosd, the European affairs has sh power for good or evil that ains hands According Smuts, fear has become a real driving force in European polities.It follows that a netion which first conqus~=d fear in itself, and then dared to commmmicate EH rik ia 3 i °F ir HY all the personal problems which d initiative.They have also found, in leadership of the Holy Spirit, the clue decisive and united action\u2014a dictatorship that combines corporate disciplihe with individual freedom.And, by eon- sf task is to builds public opinion thet (Continued from previous column, Further on Ramm 1s asked If his change has changed his political views, to which he replies that be superfluous?\u201d nodded assent.The newspaperman, interviewing a Press man and editor of 20 years\u2019 standing then comes to à point which interests him.Indeed the \u201cDo you think that the influence of Oxford will reform the Press?\u201d .- \u201cI know that I will certainly de my newspaper work differently.\u201d \u2014Beggis Heème. Loyalist r WITNESS sug Canadian City Finding .Greater Loyalty Saint John Revisited SMALL travelling team of three spent four eventful days in st John last week and found there à growing vitality initiative and vision.Last year the International Team attracted tremendous crowds to all their meetings and decisions were made which were of significance to the entire city.visit last week, unannoune- in the, press, calling for no public and giving the local team only days of advance notice, gave proof cohesion and Initiative among the was filled to i i hi aôtE i | Ef faurrF FEIREqELE hi g[5F° til F | F 8 ny États RF H i lil He ai FE.K Hi leet; Chambers of Commerce.He is President of one of Canada\u2019s important industrial concerns and in the midst of an extremely active business life he has been active leader in church affairs.With Ë it ¥ i 5 E Hi IF E Ë i i ; 1 i i i z i g 4 1 8 i i 3 i i ] i 8 Ë i è g 2 £ i i Ÿ i i bi R F p personal surrender and the quality of Ean or 5 's answer for every phase of life and it is available now.Youth Seis The Pace The vision of youth in this national advanee was thrown out by Margaret Miller, a young teacher in one of Canada\u2019s famous and historic Girl's Schools.She showed by her words and the radiance of her personality how it is a call to sacrifice, to discipline, to adventure and romance.How ju to influence people is nothing when are facing the destiny of Canada, which is not merely to influence other lands towards better relationships but to challenge them to the roots by à vital national Christian experience.New Leadership Fer New Age And 30 the travelling team of three, Charles Haines, Marjorie Haines and Paul Nanton, left 8t.John feeling that while in the past this old loyalist city has supplied Canada with many famous leaders, it has in its lifeblood today a conviciion and a power which will produce the new leadership for the new age.Homestead, FEBRUARY 37, 1885.In East London Growth Of Leadership ORKING class leadership for a constructive Christian revo- national reconstruction.We reproduce in their own words statements of two of the men to show what these changes imply.An Unempleyed Man It was on May 15th, 1934, that I first met with the Oxford Group.I am unemployed, and was doing task work on Hackney Marshes.Conditions seemed bad, so 1 tried supporting political organizations with the view of seeing what could be done to change the outlook on lite, but that failed.It only seemed to cause a greater lot of trouble in my home World Forces Analysed by Canon Streeter at Oxford Meeting of Oxford Group ANON B.H.Streeter, Provost: of the Queens College, Oxford, at a meeting of the Oxford Group in Oxford, recently new orientation of 5d Ë ER Ht i 8 58 Î i i : g b à Ë Fa | iz 1 y jut i: 2 à + 2 3 i HH A 3 siighél Eacd 58 spegvapEei bis i H gs i î ; ts gi i} I § A, tanism in stressing less the negative side, the responsibility of the individual for what he does amiss, than the necessity of his handing over the direction of his lite to Goll, to be an instrument for creating good.Obedience to the divine Will as internally realised by the individual gives a new sense of direction, ending moral chaos.And, since indivi- because my brother and I siarted to quarrel over which party really had the solution.Then a chap spoke to me about Christ and the Oxford Group, and I could see that here was a solution of the world's troubles.I used to be dirty, dilatory and lasy, because I had no hopeful outlook.on life, When I gave my life to 1 guided to give up smoking, ahd my and I papered the kitchen 1 5 5 A Telegraph Bey I got changed about a year ago, and to my surprise the place where I am getting the most fun out of this life is at the office where I work with ninety other boys.When I first broke the news it was the biggest joke going.What surprised the chaps, and even myself, was that I enjoyed their leg-pulling as much as they did, although it was often coupled with some very severe \u201ctickings- off\u201d which really heiped me quite a lot.One day a chap glanced at a book I had been reading on the Oxford Group; he was interested and wanted to know more about it, s0 I told him about the Oxford House Party, but God told me in my early morning quiet time to tell him what had happened in my own life.I did this, and the result was he gave his lite to God, and the same night was used to change two of his friends.So now we are praying and planning to win the other fellows for Jesus Christ.Geoll Joycey.Washington, D.C., Jan.14, 188$._\u2014 pie It was ent to months before I even it, but I wouldn't anything.It gives us eo many stories and facts to use when we are witnessing to different kinds of people, snd the news of the movement sbroad simply thritls me.I'm al) for & and hope that I'H be able to belp you financially from time to time es God guides.I enclose $2 for my re- ig?Sincerely yours, Margaret Worthington.AN EDITOR'S PLXA TO CORRESPONDENTS Please bear patiently in the matter of correspondence.You er to the editor should be personally and promptly answered, and would be if it was the only one.But s0 many letters come that, In most cases, it is impossible to answer them.Editing the paper with a pecessarily restricted aff takes our whole strength.And it ts our inst duty.Frequently letters involve probleme that we do not immediately see our way through and they are pigeonhoied tili \u2018\u2018tomorrow\u2019'\u2014but with the best of intention to reply when we can.A new type of loyal co-operation with editor is that which communicates formation or suggestion without lmpos- tng the obligation for reply\u2014exespt as the editor may be adie.aR WITNESS on Trial 26 Weeks, a Dollar bill (4 shillings post paid) Assual rate $8 (6 shillings These rates are out EIGHT WITNESS and Canadian Hemestead, FERRUARY 37, 1035.Ep mien) À Home is the seminary of Only the Rome can found \u20ac state \u2014Josurx Coex, Ant Hills and the Wood Box By Cora M.Silvius.OBBY BUSH was an only child.Both Father and Mother belleved «hat children should learn to take responaibility, but although they had talked much about this to Bobby, they had never really explained what it meant.They lived in a small town where they had to burn wood.Bobby was given the task of keeping the wood box filled.But what a terrible task it was! He declared that it made him wash his hands too often, and that he had to be brushing his clothes continually, for it was too much bother to put on overalls every time.Then Mother read a little book that set her to thinking.That evening she discussed the subject with Daddy.HEY agreed that they should take Bobby into their confidence more than they had done.80 the next day, which was Sunday, they invited him to go for a walk with them.They came upon a large ant hill where all the little citizens were working busily, and Daddy.who had read much about ants, recounted some of their habits, and told of their manner of living.From that, he and Mother led the conversation to their own home life.Father explained his particular duties and privileges.then Mother explained hers.\u201cAnd what LU my work?\" asked Bobby.Daddy thought Bobby should consider it his place to go to the store whenever Mother wanted him to go, and Mother said she would like him to take charge of watering the plants.\u201cThen,\u201d said Daddy, \u201cof course there are many extra things that Mother and Daddy do for each other and for their son.They like to do these.Perhaps Bobby would like to do extra things for Mother and Daddy from time to time.\u201d BOBBY thought he would.Then he asked suddenly, \u201cWould that mean filling the wood box?\" \u201cIt might,\u201d answered Mother, soberly.\u201cBut,\u201d she added, \u201cI've thought of a special plan for the wood box.\u201d Bobby looked hopeful.\u201cNo one of us enjoys filling the wood box,\u201d she continued, \u201cso let us divide that piece of work and each do his own share or else pay to have it done.\u201d There was a pause.\u201c1 don't understand,\u201d said Bobby.\u201cMust I pay out of my allowance?\u201d Some UNDERSTANDING Friends Centribating Partners in Extending The Services of The Witness Mr.Chas.D.Daniel, Ont.* $y Mr.Geo.Dunford, Nid.* 6.00 Mr.Geo.Fenton, N.8.1.00 Mr.Luther Moffatt, N.8.3.00 Miss Ann M.Colquhoun, Calif.* 250 Mrs.R.E.Dimock, N.$.* 3.00 Mr.F.R.Stillman, Ont.* 3.00 Mr.Alvin Strong, Ind, U.8.A.1.08 \u201cMe*, B.C.2.08 Rev.A.Galley, Ont.- 1.00 TOTAL $24.50 * Contributions in addition to subscriptions.\u201cNot unless you are unwilling to do your part, Son,\u201d sald Mother.\u201cThe wood money, at the beginning, is to be entirely separate.I have three tin boxes at home, and each has thirty pennies in it.One Is for Daddy, one for Mother and one for Son.The wood box must be filled twice a day.Two cents is the price of each filling.If Mother fills it, one cent goes to her from Daddy's box and one from Son's.\u201d \u201cI see,\u201d sald Bobby, \"and if Daddy fills it, one cent goes to him from my box and one from yours, Mother.\u201d \u201cYes, and if Bobby fills it, he gets the two cents\u2014one from Mother's box and one from Daddy's\u201d said his Father.\u201cMay I spend the wood money earn, Mother?\u201d asked Bobby.\u201cYes, if you already have thirty pennies in your money box.If not, it must go into the box.\u201d There was another pause.\u201cI ses.But suppose I don't ever bring in any wood and my pennies get used up paying tc have it brought in.Then, what shall I do?\u201d \u201cI think you will probably think it fair to bring in some wood, and so get some pennies in your box.\u201d \u201c0, yes\u2014Well, may I use my allowance money instead of bringing in wood, if I want to?\u201d \u201cYes,\u201d \u201cThat's great!\u201d .They were now far from the ant hill that had started the discussion, but Bobby was looking intently at the ground.Yea, here was another ant community.He watched the busy lit- tie creatures a minute.Then he looked at Mother and Daddy and smiled.\u201cI think I'd like to bring in my share of the wood,\u201d he said \u2014From a series of articles iasued by the National Kindergarten Association, 8 West 40th Street, New York City.The Bill \u201cJ KNOW,\u201d Olive declared, \u201cthat I am not going to be able to resist that scarf much longer.Every time I pass it, it looks lovelier; it Is exactly what I need to go with my amber cape.I am giving Doctor Burgess just three days more of grace.\u201d \u201cDoctor Burgess!\u201d Loulse echoed \u201cWhat in the world has Doctor Burgess to do with a yellow chiffon scarf, Olive?\u201d \u201cNothing directly\u2014everything indirectly.I've been waiting two years for his bill and he hasn't sent it.It canit be more than four or five dollars.I suppose it is too small for him to notice, but à makes heaps of difference to me\u2014the difference of a yellow chiffon scarf.\u201d \u201cBut\u2014I don\u2019t understand,\u201d Louise said slowly.\u201cDon\u2019t understand\u2014what?\u201d There was a touch of impatience in Olive's say voie vas Louise going to be \u201cAbout the bill.You owe him for those visits, don't you?\u201d \u201cYes, I owe him for those visits,\u201d Olive retorted.\u201cbut considering that I've paid him scores of dollars in my life, and that he has an income of thousands, I think that if he doesn't send in a bill that's his lookout, not mine.It isn't my part to do his bookkeeping for him.\u201d \u201cI wasn't thinking so much of Doctor Burgess,\u201d Loulse began; and then she stopped.\u201cYou might as well say K out,\u201d Olive said coidly.\u2018I'm going to\u2014though you needn't think it's easy.Perhaps Doctor Bur- goss wouldn't know the difference; but you would; and so would everyone that came near you.I mean in the Puritan, and I'll forgive you and love you again the next time I see you.But I don't see it your way at all now.And here I am at the Club, Good-bye till next time.\u201d It was a boys\u2019 club, and Olive was immensely interested in k.Bhe was giving a series of talks on \u201cHeroes.\u201d Halfway down the hall one of the secretaries met her.\u201cOh, Miss Jordan, the saddest thing has happened! Ben Hegan has been caught stealing.He insists that he wasn't\u2014that if other fellows are careless with their \u2018stuff, anyone has a right to it.He knew it was Jim's knife, but he says that that has nothing to do with it.He seems to have no idea of fundamental honesty.I wish you would talk to him and see ¥ you can make him understand.They think so much of your opinion.\u201d \u201cWhy, of course I will,\u201d Olive returned.\u201cOh, isn't ¥ too bad?I\u2014\" She broke off suddenly and flushed.\u2014The Youth's Companion.Being Oneself som persons seem to possess baf- fing personalities.You may talk with them for hours, even live with them for years; and at the end you are wholly unable to say that you know them.You never seem able to penetrate beneath the surface; the real man for ever eludes you.Their apeech gives no hint as to the character which Jjes behind it.Others are more open in speech, more natural in action; and you feel that ever.and again the real man flashes out upon you.We like to meet people of this type, who are s0 natural that we can be sure that we have sounded the depths of their natures, and be fully persuaded that they will never disappoint us Same men are afraid to reveal themeelves; some are too sensitive to ridiquie to allow their real thoughts and féelings to become known; some are too accessible to reproof; and so they dellberately hide themselves from the gaze of their fellows.They may have good reason for this, but the world is the loser.We like to any young person.Even our warts and blemishes may be part of ourselves, and by refusing to hide them We may rest assured that what friends we make we shall make for good.There is in every man something attractive; it is his buaineas ÿr °e $ ë : £ gt ik; ne Hi i ir flac] fii 2 } 1 8 Rainy the oo) .ar Le Tun .w uy ew join wp Le pentine = - y @ straight edges to go rou e nest Turn back the border in front! and arrange the ribben in san at each side, leaving the remainder for atrioga, Shawl for Baby Hore is @ dolighefuily soft which any omther will be proud to for hee little one.You wilt need 8 os.ist Row\u2014Glip 1, knit 1 * over, knit 2 te- gether, knit 1, knit 2 together over.Repeat from * and end with koit 3.Ind Row\u2014Knit 2, purl other stitahes, kat 2 Each alternatp row is ihe this Row\u2014Blip 1, knit 2 * over, knit 3 te kmi¢ 1.Repeat from ° kat -\u2014Blip 1, knit \u20ac * over, knit \u20ac Re- ° \u2014BUp Lok 2 Ant à or 3 , kaft 1, knit 2 te Repeat from * knit 3 toge- J 3 ; le {if : i sb}: JE, 4 over, knit 3 togethez, over.knit 1, over, knit 3 togethes, bei iri gf i voluntary plan subscription rates , Botha.Bowthwest Africa (formerly Qerman Rest Alries), Migerie, Nysssland Pretes- sorate, Gold Coast Oolony (Inaluding Bridsh Tegoland and Sterling Equivalentgs learned philatellatl vel ASSOCIATION BALES (This informative article was taken qu, Basiatchewen Onttle Breed from tha recent \u201cUnited States List\u201d of socintion ie boiding te Aunuui Bale at ee H E Harris & Co., of Boston.) gina on Merch 38th and accord.SASKATCHEWAN SWINE BREEDERS ASSOCIATION SALES sociation fa holding a male of bred sows at Regia Exhibition Grounds on Wednesday, March 27th, at 1:30 P.M.whan it 8 expected that about 50 bred sows, pure bred and grade, will be offered for sale.In view of the sustained interest in the Answer te Last Week's Pussie An Enigma\u2014The letter Y, as CANADIANS IN CAPTIVITY Ottawa Citizen Premier Hepburn voiced the feelings of characterized VAPOR TREATMENT $-0-0-T-40-5-8 S Ll disgusting and cheap, .What is the basic bottom of the whole sorry busineast Is it not simply that these misguided but = unsophisticated parents are desperately 2 gs lepending poor, that they have been d upon \u2019 hi Ë relief?CHILDREN RELIEVED AT ONCE When eharpt in the amusement world now cratefally, torcursd, sough-wracked Bold out glowing promises of new-found || (ronisiniae Vans Craie een wracked wealth, and when the alleged advisers {ul yapors! Reliof comes at once .of the Dionnes sanction the signing of polos sleep.theatrical contracts, can the naive parents 7 rare for Brogahitis, Spasmodtia themselves be blamed for snatching at Cough, Coughs such seemingly easy release from grinding ith pace Proud of infection.Direstions poverty?They have had a hard struggle, a life of toll against odds for small rewards, It is no wonder that the vision of comparative riches by the uncomplicated process of making public exhibitions of themselves lured them on.Bend for Bookiet Ne.11 Vapo-Crescime Besides, the whole scheme of moral and ce economic values whieh govern the lives of most persons has taught them that emia] parce: That 4 To sor te ei This Deastit success.0 my, the cash nexus is the dominating principle of hu- ie or Stone man endeavor today.And far shadier v Sesh Sorw P Towed an that of stage prea \u201cx Ww} Soe rastour ¢ appearances.hmppens thet they have been attended by |gggf OM\" $12.50 RSE less unfavorable publicity, however.A reflection on the Canadian RAISING THR DAIRY CALF The dairyman who would keep his bers of efficiency, must be have five mflk per day, tl te size of the calf; small Jerveys will need the smaller amount, while large Holsteins should have nearly twice as muoh in order to keep them growing.If it is convenient to do so, three feeds per day will gradust one.The miik should be fed at a given temperature, from which thore should be jittle variation.The bast temperature for feeding is around ninety-five degrees \"whren- Beit, but it is better to feed =.& lower temperature all the time tLIN to have much vartation.The calf likes nis milk clean and canitaëy, so never use pails without washing.Lots of farmers do not think of this.But the pail which the calf is fed from should be as clean as the pall used for milking.Scald out the feeding pails and let them dry and cleanse in the amligit.Meany cases of scours and other ead troubles may be traced to dirty feeding pals and troughs.Because troughs are not easy to clean, we prefer the pails Sor use ln feeding \u2018We have seen good calves raised without having besn turned owt to pasture they were at matter what time of the year they were born.Do not over-feed with milk at any time.Batter supplement the milk wilh s email amount of grain in the form of ground oats, bran, or mixed feed.Finally, 40 not raise a calf unless it came from good stock.\u2014The Michigan Farmer.At Guelph Generni Heagéial On Satordag.Feb 9, Andrew Willem Douglas, son ef.the late John and Nano _Deugiss.RO P.Hereford Bulls Their performance on the range\u2014 assuring the largest calf crops of any breed\u2014has won merited pu- larity with ranchers and fi re atthe.- I you contemplate raising beef cattle Buy Hereford Bulls Get our list of members, see who they are, and buy mow.\u2014\u2014 For information write: CANADIAN HEREFORD SREEDERS\u2019 ASSOCIATION - ANCASTER, ONTARIO FORANO HAND FANNING MILLS and POWER CLEANERS For Seed snd GOrsin.Four different styles, THE FLESSISVILLE FOUNDRY Dept.©, PLRSGISVILLE, QUEBSO WITNRSS and Canadian Hemestend, FHRRUARY 97, 1906, The YORKSHIRE VENUS Tells How She Keeps Slim YORKSHIRE VENUS.She Keeps Her Figure Perfect with Kruschen Two bundred women of \u201cYorkshire Venus,\u201d at Sheffe Green\u2014+ \u2018The title of the Yorkshire any false Read her and legs, me how I tease me so Get a \u2018Sc.Marjorie whose measurements show a those of the famous Venus de Milo.de.&he admits with delightful franimess that the tenance of her perfect figure is Kruschen Salts.candid \u201cEnclosed you will find newepaper measurements practically correspond with those o; can honestly say I have kept my figure in proportion by taking I started two years ago when I had an illness bordering .1 have taken them regularly since, and now I feel as fit as a fiddle, and have got rid of the pains I used to etc.Since being selected Venus of Yorkshire everyone is asking such a perfect figure.I must honestly say I cannot swim.PERFECT FIGURE WITH THE AID OF KRUSCHEN SALTS aceful form competed for the title of England.Here is the winner\u2014Mrs.simllarky to Venus has not filled the winner with main- due very largely to a daily dose of letter: \u2014 y ide.1 Eruschen photographs of f Venus have in my arms Do I swim?Diet or other things?I do not diet.In fact, my sisters about eating well, so I can only t my re down to Kruschen Salts\u201d\u2014 (Signed) Marjorie B.Green.Rox Venus de Mile Yorkshire Venus .128 Ma .131% Ba set 4 ime .st Ships \u2026 11 ims \u2026 M tu Shine.ins.\u20ac ins.6 ins 34 ins.U ins 13% ins.Bina 27 ims.I ina #5 ins.35 ins 21% ins.2 ins 13%ins 13% ims.Calf .13 ins.13 ims.Ankle $%ins.Shins, keep your stylish slender figure\u2014and at the same time build up new health which will be reflected in a clearer skin, brighter eyes and youthful-high spirits\u2014by taking a daily dose of Kruschen Salts.Kruschen is a scientific blend of various mineral salts found in the waters of those European Spas which have been used by generations of people to improve their health and figure.bottle of Kruschen Salts to-day (it lasts four weeks), and take half a teaspoonful in a glass of hot water first thing PEOPLE'S MART AGENTS WANTED ; AGENTS WANTED To Represent The \u201cOl Rell.able Fonthill Nurseries.\u201d Pruit Trees, Shrubs and Plants, now in large .Profitable - ment, with exclusive territory in town or country.Ldberal terms.paid weekly.Handsome free outfit.STONE & WELLINGTON, Toronto 2.CLOTHING AGENTS WANTED Old Ketablished Firm Making Ome Of The Highest standard custom lalored made to re clothes require ropresentalives.We offer highest commissions se well es cash and free suits.Write tolling us sll about yourself and the pros- peots tn your distriet.We will then reserve one of our expensive outfits.which will be one of the best money makers you have ever handled.P.O.BOX 2917, Montreal, Que.; ARTISTS SUPPLIES 5 Complete Range Of Brushes, Colors, Paper, Canvas Pastels lor general Artists\u2019 use.Bend for Catalogue.ART EMPORIUM LTD.1428 MecG1t) College Ave.Montreal 1-68 res BULBS AND PLANTS LR PSE Choice ORCHIDS, LILIUMS, MIMALAYAN FLOWER SEWDS Pree catalogue.G.GHOSE & 00.00°, MAPLE SYRUP AND SUGAR.Sam- not so pood! Get the 1935 runs: .Write for display sheet Hving Prices to N.H.O'BRIEN, il PHOTOGRAPHY (Confinuet) Rell Devel And Frinied 25e.Regrinis 3e, Each.A D.Grand River.N, 8.\u2014______FrouLmry OULTRE AAA ESSEX BRED CHICKS ¢ famous breeds: ten years\u2019 selective breeding.Pree caisiogue.NGBEX HATCHERY & BRERD- CHICES\u2014Hansen Direct.Nel Ha best large birds?Loghoros, Burmed Boas, nite (SEND FOR Our.Free Caiaisque of Maal grown rock garden plants, or al trees, ghrabs, perennist plants, lilies, etc.Our stock Dropmore, Man.P.L.Skinner, Proprietor.\u201cOan- sds's Leading Lily Growers.\u201d .GROW YOUR OWN VBGETABLES\u2014Fiowers-\u2014 Plenty of everything to sat fresh\u2014and for winter.Besutiful flowers in newest shades.Big, Oversize Packets only 3c.to 4c.per packet.Dominion Government Seed Branch Report dsled September 1934, pinces MoPayden Seeds top of the list for Quality Every Puoket Dated.No Desisrs\u2019 Commission Boxes.Direct Mail Order only.Over 200,000 satisfied customers last season.CLIP THIS AD and get Large Packet Beautiful Flowers PRES PRINTING 106° Gummed Name And Addrena Btlckers\u2014iéa, 100 printed envelopes, letterhends or eards\u2014ioe.STAR SERVICE, Tenby, Manitobs.200 Printed Letterheads Or Emvels, Focipaié $1.00.LEBLANC SIGNS, Sydney, N.pl PROFESSIONAL SERVIUES CHAS.H.GRANT, K.C., Barriste Bellelts 513 McLeod Block, Edmonton.had \" PROPERTY SALE SMALL TRUCK GARDEN including greanhouse, garden tractor, and dee dally de livery truek.Good teurist trade wish livery.ADVERTISER 51, P.O.Box, 30%, Mont.Townend rjeeling, India.\u2014or send 38c.for 10 Big Packets regular vege- , Do .\u2018 tables with Free Flower Seeds and Ggecisl O good for 26c.on first order.Money r pre- RADIO Dabiles, 16 Amerted, 5 Nomad: er 59 Clndleims C2 to coin or statpe.DIRECT MAIL ONLY.Mo 8100, \u2018postpald.ALIOE TAYLOR, .Richmond.MOPAYDEN SXED CO., 237 Prout Bt.RB.Toronto, TT Qoshes, Route Ont, snd Winnipeg, (19).Al Pape, Toronto, Ont.ADO SHOPPE, 3 BUSINESS CARDS HONEY FOR SALE ANNERY AND FUR CO.LTD., Onigary, Clover Money, § Tems Or 12 Fives Fer 23.15 COSSACK nai Eee TORT ET ts remodelled, Bufislo coats FRANK W.FRY, Wardsvile, Oct.SIBERIAN COSSACK AMsifs Stands Severe and robes for ssle.Hides bought, : 23 Aores Of Trasters, Trucks, Cars.We Are The largest wreckers in the world.We wracked 308 trescors of 00 makes and models: hundreds of trucks and care.Cet your used parts from us.cheep.BLMWOOD AUTO WRECKING 00.Write, wire, phone Main 1007.We sell Oualesburg, Minols.Ressonabie Rates: J.WM.EDN MEDICAL faptareat\u2014For Walle! And Comfort Write SMITH MPO.Dept.78.Preston.Ont.ree __STRAWBERRY AND RASPBERRY PLANTS GOOD MARDY STRAWBERRY PLANTS, hundred.Cuthbert respberriss, 81.60 fry CHAS.ELLERJSCK, Sydenham, Ontario.MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS IMPROVE YOUR VIOLIN\u2014NEW INVENTED Viola sounding post, guaranteed to make any violin Jooder and clear tone.26 cents.J.NABOZNIK, 620 Parkview &., Winnipeg, Man.NURSERY STOCK Early Tomatoes, Ontario Grown Seed Is Betéer.respborries certified.EDWARD , Hamiden, Ontario.terete When ausworina advertisers, mention Witness aoû Canadian SEED CATALOG PFREU\u2014Write Today.Quality ssads of wwetables, Sowers and fold root seeds.Mo better vaine for your money in Canada ONTARIO BEND COMPANY.Waterloo, Ont.rer PHOTOGRAPET Guisinudie= Bey sdnetions Of Voisaile Fhote- graphs sll sises, Enquiries solicited.DARCLIFFE STUDIOS, 3 FILMS DEVELOPED\u2014ANY SIZE, 266, WKh One print from each negative.Nutra prints, sight fer Me.SASKATOEEWAN PROTO SCYPLY, fes- katosn, Bask.Strawberry Flanie.fennier Buniep, Parvens Beauty, Kétless Premier.Plants.Weite for prices.A PAIRCHILD, St.Wiliams, Outer.TURKEYS Beonse 09, JOSEFE OOURLAY & SONS, Carp, Ont.eer, NOTICE OF APPLICATIUN JuR DIVORCE .NOTICE is hereby given that GLADYS SARAH KINBON, nures, of the ony of Ottawa, vines of Ontario, will apply to the Partiamcent of Canada, at the ent or next session thereof, for a and District of Montreal, on grounés Batna Montreal, ge et Li Province of \u2018 ® c TRE WEEK IN PARLIAMENT (Continued from page © ing British Columbia and Prince Edward Island.The resolution was then referred to the committee an agriculture.Thursday, February 21\u2014The Prime Minister, answering a query of Hon.W.O.Euler (Liberal, North Waterloo), denied there was any warrant for a newspaper story, that the Canadian Radio Bromd- casting Commission was to be abolished and the fleld of radio broadcasting to be abandoned to private enterprise.\u201cIf one were called upon in this House to answer every statement made as to what is contemplated by the Government,\u201d the Prime Minister commented, \u201cone would be constantly engaged in answering questions rather than transacting the business of Parliament.\u201d The Liberal Leader, Rt.Hon.W.L.Mackenzie King, raised some objection to \u201cleaks\u201d to the newspapers of some of the reports of the Price Spreads Commission.The Prime Minister agreed very strongly but pointed out that, inasmuch as the parliamentary committee of last session was later changed into a Royal Commission, that body would be expected to report first to the Government and not to Parliament.Unemployment Insurance Bill Slightly Changed Humphrey Mitchell (Labor, East Hamilton) objected to the provision in the Unemployment Insurance bill whereby an appeal by an employee on a dispute would be taken to the courts.He thought the Commission should be the final court, as in the former case the workingman would be \u201cat a distinct disadvantage.\u201d He did not think the employers should be able to appeal from the decision of the Commission to the courts and to have counsel to represent them.Premier Bennett replied this was the practice in Britain and thought that tn Canada appeal to the Exchequer Court would be satisfactory.Any appeals from the regional boards would be settled by the Commission.After some discussion it was decided to make a slight change to provide that appeal might be taken by the Commission to the Exchequer Court, which would relieve both the employee and the employer of such ex; , A.A, Heaps (Labor, North Winnipeg) thought that reference to a court should not be provided at all, that the Commission should be held finally responsible.Finally Premier Bennett agreed to make the section provide that only questions of law be referred to the Exchequer Court, and questions of fact to be determined bv the Commission itself.A.W.Neill (Ind, Comox-Adverni) had a resolution favoring rescinding of the prohibition against export of fresh sock-_ eye salmon, but with the time allowed private members almost exhausted he wished it referred to the committee on marine and fisheries.C.C.F.members protested that an unemployment insurance advisory com- mitise was unnecessary and that the Commission itself would be quite capable of determining when the fund was insolvent.Prime Minister Bennett defending Section 36 of the bill providing for the appointment of such a committee declared this to be one of the most im- poitant provisions of the unemployment insurance legislation.The experience of the British Government, which had a similar section in its bill, had proved this to b: 80.II was necessary, he declared, to have a body of \u201chigh minded\u201d citizens, serving without compensation but with a deep interest in the welfare of such a fcheme, to act as the \u201cwatchdogs\u201d of the und.C.C.F.Disappeinted in Health Provisions J.8, Woodsworth rose po quote the preamble of the bill whieh speaks of \u201cother forms of social insurance\u201d and mid that hints had been thrown out about health insurance but the bill did not cover this and the impression should not be allowed to go out that it did.Rt.Hon.Mackenzie King also asked if this was all that was to be done with respect to it or if the Prime Minister had further legislation to bring down dealing with the matter, H.E.Spencer, Miss Agnes MacPhall, and Angus MacInnis spoke strongly of the ned for action on the question of health insurance.When Mr.MacInnis referred to \u201ca progressive country like Canada kicking along twenty years behind the old country.It is time we kicked out of {t and did something worthy,\u201d Mr.Bennett interjected.\u201cStrong language, Mr.Chairman, from a great many hon.gentlemen opposite.\u201d \u201cNot gentlemen only,\u201d retorted Miss MacPhail.\u201cIf there were any exaggeration in this House I am sure the hon, member for Southeast Grey would be associated with it\u201d responded the Prime Minister; \u201cthere is no doubt about that\u2014anything strong or abusive.\u201d Premier Bennett pointed out that while the provinces had their own health sthemes, and while they were reluctant to surrender their jurisdiction in this matter, all the Federal Government could do under the present leislation was to provide that medical care be given to those insured against unemployment.He stated that, in the supplementary estimates, a sum would be included to provide for sh service.It would apply.to about 2,000,000 of the country\u2019s total population, and was as far as the Dominion WITNESS and Canadian could go unless or until the .provinces were prepared to surrender their juris Rt.Hon.Mackenzie King thought that the foundations of a national! health vice had already been laid and proceeded to quote from his record.The old question of provincial rights had bobbed ofÆourse.; and take that position, this country may well ask itself whether it should commit ~ questions confronting the people of Canada.From then on he continued urging his point amid a torrent of interruptions and interjections.\u2018The responsibility must be assumed by the Government, he declared.Dr.J.P.Howden (Liberal, St.Boniface) and Dr.F.W.Gershaw (Liberal, Medicine Hat) protested that the people were being amply provided with medical service, but the trouble was, chiefly in Western Canada, that the doctors were unable to make a living out of caring for those who were unable to pay.A national scheme whereby these services would be paid for by the State was the solution to the problem, some members urged.Liberals Meve te Refer Bill to Supreme Court Just before adjournment Rt.Hon.W, L.- Mackenzie King moved an amendment to the last section of the bill, to provide that the measure should come into operation by proclamation of the Governot-in- Council only after a reference to the Supreme Court on the question of the measure's validity, and after that court has declared it to be intra vires of the Federal Parliament.His amendment was defeated by a vote of 21 for and 57 against the C.C.F.group voting with the Government.C.N.R.Questions to The Fore Friday, February 22\u2014Railway amalgamation is not an aim of the Government, the writing down of the Canadian Natienal Railways capital structure is not a live issue, and the audit firm of George A.Touche and Company is not being replaced by the Clarkson Gordon and Dil- worth firm because the former auditors strongly recommended a downward ree vision of the Government-owned railways.debt, declared Hon.Dr.R.J.Man- ion, Minister of Railways and Canals, on his bill to change the auditors of.the tailway.No audit firm should have a \u201cstrangie hold\u201d on the job, the Minister told the House and the only reason ti was being made was that it Touche Company had bad enough and that another Arm given a chance.In support of his posal he cited the provision in the - ing legislation which called for a c every two years in\u201d the auditors of banks.This provision had been inserted in the interests of the shareholders, and he thought it a good principle to follow in connection with the Canadian National Railways.fie 8 HH by the Minister for making a change in the auditors.Mr.Euler contended that it was unfair to the railway and to the principle of public ownership that the reports of the railway should be burdened with figures representing debt that would never be repaid and the interest on which would never be paid.Mr.Gray charged that by refusing to rectify the capital structure the position of the road was never fairly presented to the public.Auditers\u2019 Financial Recommendations Mr.Euler read from the auditors\u2019 report to show the items making up the fotal debt of the Government railways of $1,770,000,000.are as follows: Old Grand Trunk, $168.000,000: Cahadian Northern Railway, $100,000000; Old Grand Trunk debentures, $15,000,000; Government advances for deficits, $324.- 000.000; Government loans for capital purposes, $337,000,000; interest accrued by railways on Government advances and loans, $424,000,000; and Government expenditure on Canadian Government Railways (the Intercolonial) $404,000,000.\u201cTo correct misconceptions of Canada's financial position, the auditors suggest that the old Grand Trunk Habilities of $168,000,000 should be written of cém- pletely, because the Board of Arbitration In 1921 declared the stock to be worth less and the intrinsic property investment values substantially over-statei.The next recommendation was that the $100.000000 of Canadian Northern stock be written down to $18,000,000, using the findings of the Arbitration Board: of 1018 as the basis for this reduction.Thirdly, the auditors urged the complete writing off of the $324,000,000 of Government assurance for deficits, \u201cbecause it repre sents nothing but a contribution by the shareholders to replace their Jimpaired capital.\u201d \u201c As to the two remaining items, namely, the #837.000,000 for capital purposes and the $404,600,000 spent où the Inter- Hemesiend, FESRUARY 27, 1908, - ° Just a Bit of Loose Change\u2014 Head Office You oan find t in almost any man's pocket any He doesn't think much about ! 't even t\u2014doasn' bother to keep track of it.It's just for incl dental expenses.YET that loose change which he thinks worth a passing thought, if invested a SUN LIFE sutted to his own partioulsr and comfort for his =a Bo mach, bought at so little cast! Figure out with a SUN LIFE representative what your loose change will buy.SUN LIFE ASSURANCE COMPANY OF CANADA own ister Books for Overseas Readers \u2018The choice of books for the reader in England is comparatively but those abroad are often out of touch with current must choose their books alone.The TIMES BOOK CLUB caters specially for such people.For example under\u2014 Overseas Service No.1 There are Services designed for every need, to suit all'purses.They are in fact, invaluable alike to the individual, the library, or to the 8ocial Club anxious to keep its bookshelves up-to-date.THE TIMES BOOK CLUB (The Times Book Co., Ltd.) 42 WIGMORE STREET, LONDON, ENGLAND opinion and Saskatchewan Live Stock Assoclation Sales = held in conjunction wiih REGINA WINTER FAIR, MARCH 26th.to 29th., 1935 Sale Entries Expected 250 Pure Bred Catile\u201450 Choice Bred Sows March #1th \u2014 Sale of Bred Sews, Pure Bred and Grade March 28th \u2014 Bale of Shortherms and Red Pelle.Marek 29th \u2014 Bale ef Holsteins, Ayrshires, Angus and Hercferds Reduced Fares en All Railroads Fer further information write dh G.Roberisen, Soc.Sask.Live Steck Ass'ns, Regina, Sask, The Montreal Cottons\u201d Limited NOTICE 18 HEREBY GIVEN THAT.A QUARTERLY DIVIDEND OF ONE AND THREE QUARTERS percent (13%), be ing at the rate of Seven percent (7%) per annum, has been deciared upon the preferred stock of the Company, snd will be mailed on the fifteenth day of March next, to shareholders of record at - the close of business on the Z8th day of February, 1938.BY ORDER OF THE BOARD, = HUGH A.WILSON, SECRETARY-TREASURER.Valleyfiekd, February 2st, 1835.£olontal, the suditors suggested that instead carryi ese as an ordinary liability by ins hee National Rail.be paid.\u201cIf thess recommendations were carried out\u201d commented Mr.Euler, \u201cthere would be this situation.Items now to- from the railway company\u2019s sc- count with the Dominion of Canada and the remaining $700.000,000 would appear not as a debt owed by the railways as a debtor or to the Government as a cred- Itor, but as an investment by the ernment, and it would be subject to ordinary risks of business.If there i g ; i 5 = "]