The Journal of agriculture and horticulture, 1 décembre 1918, dimanche 1 décembre 1918

[" .- i A 1 - Ge JOURNAL id / AGRICULTURE AND HORTICULTURE Volume 22 December Ist 1918 Number G [92 ist am og \u2014\u2014 \u201c, = \u20ac % | % ¥ 5 #1 pin % #4 a À a VS +, pt né Je Ta À a 4 A oy % 3% oF LA 3 in > Es 3 A 4 8 x 4 3 Ÿ = vos i el ee \\ 2 4) 2 SE 1 it L La 3 van LY > & fu th \u201cae 3 Ks ¥ A N a AJ 5% E A 7 .Te A an st Se A A Lee cy ts oi or Da tel a ss ES hr > be oe 4 7 i; oy i & a y ih = # a re ee ha as PL ; 3 v 4 A SE EN 5 pes CHRISTMAS IS COMING ! CHRISTMAS IS COMING ! ! = + - PUBLISHED BY THE DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE OF THE PROVINCE OF QUEBEC.- | 2.Bl o rr IT THE JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE PIN IN/ ; | 7 rN 7 | | le Ÿ \u20ac) ma ST N Make a hired man of your automobile.Use the wonderful power of its engine\u2014use it to make your farm a bigger, faster profit-maker.Hitch LAY Porta Power to your car and it will do double work.LAY Porta Power is a real automobile accessory for the farm.Weighs only 100 lbs.Stand it on the running board of your car.Drive to the job.Slip LAY Porta Power under the rear wheels of the car.Hitch a belt to the machine to be operated.Start your automobile engine.There you have any speed or power your car can produce.Price $48.00 f.o.b., Toronto.GRACE MOTORS Limited, - AND HORTICULTURE LAY power Here Ït Is 50 APN _ S Tia LAY Porta Power gives you the cheapest power on earth, Runs all kinds of machinery around \"the farm.Pumps water, runs washing machine, cream separator, churn, corn sheller, ensilage cutter, grain elevator, concrete mixer, wood saw, silo filler\u2014 any machine that any gasoline engine up to 10 h.p.will run.And all this power is cheap power.LAY Porta Power costs only a fraction of the price of a gasoline engine.It\u2019s portable\u2014you take the engine to the job, not the job to the engine And you can\u2019t have a more efficient motor than is in your car.: We have fully illustrated and intensely interesting literature.Send to your nearest distributing point for it.Or send your order with $5.00 and a LAY Porta Power will be sent to you\u2014balance of price on delivery.- TORONTO _ BI bral = me EEE 7 a LM 2, LIVE DEALERS Farmers need LAY Porta Power.There is good profit in selling it to them.If you're a hustler\u2014get in touch with your nearest distributing point.Your territory may still be open.GRACE MOTORS LIMITED 120 King Street East - - Toronto TTS | RASE RSX Keep your flock sturdy and well.Profits depend upon active and vigorous egg-making organs.Prarts poultry Regulator acts gently but positively on the organs of egg production.Sharpens the appetite, insures perfect digestion.Prevents disease.Makes hens lay.Increases your profits, Results guaranteed.At your dealer's in popuiar priced packages, also money- saving 25-1b.pails and 100-1b.bags, Moncey Back If Not Satisfied, Write for new book on care of Poultry.It's FREE.Use PRATTS ANIMAL REGULATOR.The Cuaranteed Stock Tonic.PRATT FOOD CO.OF CANADA, LIMITED 328G Carlaw Ave., Toronto.P-8 AE We want, and will pay highest prices for all kinds of RAW FURS Ship your skins to us at once We pay express charges or postage Price List and Shipping Tags sent on request ORevillon Frères Trading Company Limited LARGEST FUR MANUFACTURERS IN THE WORLD 134 McGill Street =» - ~ Montreal ova THE JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE AND HORTICULTURE 111 EY: GAINS| OFT TVR LLY 4 ?O0 WEARER Urfog we cam dell af such.Because in the first place, we secure the Raw Furs direct from the Trapper for cash\u2014in fact, we buy more raw furs direct from the Trapper for cash than any other firm in Canada\u2014then we select the best and most suitable skins and make them up into the famous Hallam Guaranteed Fur Garments\u2014which we sell to you directly by mail \u201cFrom Trapper to Wearer\u201d for cash.This does away @ with all middlemen\u2019s profits and you receive the benefit.THIS STUNNING SET | OF BLACK WOLF fs ve- markable value.Large scarf in fashionable two-skin design.finished with heads and tails, MUFF is roomy warm pillow shape trimmed as shown.The fur is of a rich jet black glossy appearance and is.exceedingly serviceable, M 886, \u2018BEHIND EVERY GARMENT.IS THIS Set De- GUARANTEE livered.816.50 IE for any reason you are not satisfied with a Hallam Fur Garment simply send it back and we will at once return your money in full without question.NEW TREATMENT THAT KNOCKS RHEUMATISM 75c BOX FREE TO ANY SUFFERER Up in Syracuse.N.Y., a treatment for rheumatism has been found that hundreds of users say is a wonder, reporting cases that seem little short of miraculous.Just a few treatments even in the very worst cases seem to accomplish wonders even after other remedies have failed entirely.It seems to neutralize the urie acid and lime salt deposites in the blood, driving all the poisonous clogging waste from the system.Soreness, pain, stiffness, swelling just seem to melt away and vanish.The treatment first introduced by Mr.Delano is so good that its owner wants everybody who suffers from rheumatism or who has a friend so afflicted, to get a free 50c package from him to prove just what it will do in every case before a penny is spent.Mr.Delano says: \u201cTo STYLISH, DURABLE COAT OF RICH MINK MARMOT 46 inches in length, mad: from selected Jfull-furred skins in the newest design.Deep sailor collar, front belt as shown, richly lined with fancy poplin and finished with vusching.A garment that well illustrates the remarkable price savings derived from our FUR FASHION BOOK.MUFF in smart round shape, finished with silk cuffs and wrist cord, M 724, Coat Delivered.8112.50 M 725, Muff Delivered.12.60 lt is larger and better than ever\u2014showing a wonderfully extensive range of Fur Sets and Fur Garments\u2014we do not think there is a fur book published in Canada equal to this\u2014it contains 48 pages and cover, with over 300 illustrations of beautiful furs, photographed on real living people.This shows you how -the furs actually appear, It also gives a lot of information about Fur fashions.The articles shown here are taken from this Fashion Book and will be sent on receipt of money.Write now for your copy of Hallam\u2019s 1919 Fur Fashion Book\u2014it will save you money.\u2018Address in Jall as below rove that the Delano treatment will positively wercome rheumatism, no matter how severe, tubborn or long standing the case, and even after all other treatments have failed, 1 will, if you have never previously used the treatment, send you a full size 75e package free if you will just cut out this notice and send it with your name and address with 10c¢ to help pay postage and distribution expense to me personally.\u201d F.H.Delano, 802-H.Wood Bldg.Syracuse, N.Y.I can send only one Free Package to an address.CVOLPEEK, WILL STOP THE LEAK 620 HALLAM Don\u2019t throw away your Pots and Pans.\u2018\u201cVol-Peek\u201d will mend Graniteware, Tin, Aluminum, etc., intwo Building minutes without tools.Alw ays kecpiti inthe house.t dealers or from us, postpaid, cents.TORONTO Vol-Peck Mig.Co, Box 2024, Montreal, Can.{ ill Your Herd Burrell (B-L-K) Milker Good for the Herd D.Derbyshire Co.Ltd., Brockville, Ont.y had intended selling their herds be- be for Sale \u2018?F you milk by hand, the chances are you will want to sell your herd before the year is out.Dairymen have written that they cause of labor trouble and low profits in hand-milking ; that they started using Burrell Milkers as a last resort and have since increased their herds.If you request it we will send these dairymen\u2019s statements with the illustrated booklet showing how Burrell Milkers increase milk profits, reduce dairy \u2018troubles and do this year after year.TORONTO Save Fuel and Money Tn these days when fuel is so scarce as to be almost unobtainable, even at high prices \u2014 you must make the little go a long way.Don\u2019t waste heat by letting it escape and thus waste fuel and money.Use Anti-Frost Weather \u201cStrip and save 25 per cent of your fuel expense.Anti-Frost Weather Strip keeps the heat in and the cold out.It\u2019s the greatest heat conserver on the market.Try it.Sold at your dealer\u2019s in 38-foot lengths.If he hasn\u2019t it, write to THE BURLINGTON WINDSOR BLANKET CO.Limited ONTARIO SL SSL LN, Cae tas 1 Cn LAL aD men = vies rs\" DEEE BRINE.ANS TV Ask Any Alpha User So much confidence have we in the fine service that Alpha Engine users are getting that we say \u201cAsk any Alpha user\u201d.We know the Alpha is honestly built, and so do the users.We know it is dependable, and so do they.Every user knows how simple it is\u2014no clectric batteries or complicated attachments.And cvery user knows what a work and time saver it is.Wrile today fur our engine book THE DELAVAL COMPANY, Ltd LARGEST MANUFACTURERS OF DAIRY SUPPLIES IN CANADA.Hole manufacturers in Canada of the famous De Laval Cream Separators and Ideal Green Feed Silos.Alpha Gns Engines, Alpha Churns and Butterworkers.Catalogues of any of our lines mailed upon request.MONTREAL PETERBORO WINNIPEG VANCOUVER Christmas on the Farm .can be made merrier by bringing into the home, a few days before Christmas, a LINDSAY Piano.And for many Christmasses to come.The LINDSAY Piano will be the center of the revelries are not perfectly satisfied you may veturn the piano; we will .A .pay the freight back and refund it easy for you to secure a first your purchase money.Isn't this a class Piano by our Dominion- fair proposition?Write for il- wide distribution of the LIND- Justrated catalogue LJ, and SAY Piano.For $350., you can price list.All prices are F.O.B,, pot a mighty good LINDSAY from point of shipment (ship- Piano with a bone-fide guaran- ment made from our branch tee; \u2014if, after 50 days\" trial you nearest to you).during the yule-tide.We make Besides our LINDSAY Pianos we always have on hand a number of used Piano, Players and Organs among which are many pood bargains, If interested write for our * Used Piano Bargain List\u201d.PHONOGRAPHS Sonoras and Columbia Grafonolas from $30.up.Emerson and Columbia Records from S0,35 up Catalogues sent free on request.CANADA'S PREMIER PIANO HOUSE C.W.LINDSAY, Limited Read Office and Main Store:\u2014 512 St.Catherine St.West - - - - - MONREAL Branches in Ottawa, Quebec.Three Rivers, Belleville, Brockville, Kingston.GILSON\u2014 JOHNNY: \u2018' RER \\ This Powerful .°P | Engine only BIG, litile engine, that \u201cGoes Like Sixty\u201d at every light and medium heavy job on the farm.$ 7 8.50 A heavy workez, and a light eater\u2014dominating in Quality > and Service, The biggest selling engine of any size in Canada\u2014quantity production enables us to undersell all competitors\u2014 quality considered.Do not buy a chead engine\u2014buy a good one at a quantity price.All sizes at proportionate values.Write to-day Jor free catalogue stating what size engine interests you.\u201cGILSON MFG.Co.Ltd Dept.5514 York St.Guelph, Ont 35 | ULES) JD) CERF es = SS CS NE : NASI CDD FRE LIAS WE SOM es a va) / .EX IN Nx 4 NE) yor is Crt bps Cf EG \u20ac 7S Cody\u2019, { =} | Ses rase OV AM TE OT DS 0 eut AN Efesoocouet\\ TES ss UE i y = CN Xe ; \u2018 eh A AD o ss ROSE Fl Magnificent Mesh Bag i\u2018 ee Rand { FOC OC LS AA tete: S03 S90) MOC #0 I ( = se (7 \u2019 550505050 3 { beauty.It is the newest French octagon shape, small & 7 (LG ; i : cooper © and dainty as can be, yet a reliable time Keeper.You'd pay $8.00 to $10.00 for such a watch ab YOUrl mqyen return our money, only $3.20, and we will at local jeweller's, a a once send you the beautiful Mesh Bag, and the lovely This great offer is made to quickly advertise and Wrist Wate you can also secure without selling introduce \"Daintees,\u201d the New Delightful Cands-lany more goods by just showing your grand gift to Coated Breath Perfume that is selling like wildtire] our friends and getting only six of them to sell our wherever it is shown, Send your name and address goods and earn our fine premiums as vou did.to-day and get a free package to try yourself am Remember you take no risk.We pay all delivery just 32 big handsome I0e.packages to introdure| charges on your premiums right to your door.f among your friends.Open your free package and askfyou are unable to sell all the goods they can be re- your friends to try a \u201chaintee.\u201d They'll like them[turned and we will pay you a cash commission or so much that everyone will waut a package or (Wé [give you fine premiums for the quantity you do sell, at ohee.Just two oor three tle © haintees win We guarantee satisfaction.Write to-day to purify the mouth, sweeten and perfume thie breaih, aid they ave irresistibly delicious.Fverybody loves THE GOLD DOLLAR MANUFACTURING co., vhem.You'll sell them all in an hour or two.Dept.P.5 Teronto, Ont.27B and Lovely Wrist Watch i de 0 {505030850 SEH, X de X Le ONE GIVEN TO YOU Join Dom LE Here is the greatest prize oller cver made by any 2x Y Canadian firm.YO While they last we will give away absolutely free Io; of cost 750 of these magnificent Nickel Silver Mesh x ; , £0) Bags and an equal number of beautiful gold filled Le | CONN ) Le A Bracelet Watches in the very newest design, Each Fe) J! \u2018 0S ù ee atest bag is 41e\u201d wide by 57 deep with a magnificently ¥ees x { 2 MOG Ae re pe Gp) engraved frame and 157 chain.It is lined through- Sala We 05 SESSA ee 8 BoE out with white kid and finished at the bottom with 3 4%! : oe 50% OSEAN 9 fine silver beads.The Watch we give is a perfect © CN a Ia © CABBAGE CUTTER.6 knives.Slices all kinds SALESMEN Exclusive line for sity; town or y \u201cani onal country.Big earnings guaranteed.Permanen vegetables rapidly.Prepaid $1.00.3 for $2.00.all year job.No experience necessary.Write LUSHER BROS., Elkhart, Ind.LUKE BROTHERS LIMITED, Montreal.AGENTS\u2014Salary and commission, to sell Red FOR SALE.\u2014 Ayrshires of both sexes with Tag Stock.Complete exclusive lines.Specially official records and Shropshire sheeps.\u2014MR.hardy.Grown only by us\u2014sold only by our STE.MARIE AND SONS, R.R.No 2, Comp- Agents.Elegant free samples?Write now to ton, Que.Phone No 12.DOMINION NURSERIES, Montreal.Notice To Farmers Farmers should note that it is against the Law to .use wheat for feeding purposes.Any supplies over actual requirements for seed and bread must be sold.The price named by the Board of Grain Supervisors for Canada for wheat grown in the Province of Quebec is $2.25 for No.2 Wheat, F.O.B.cars, ontrecl, We are prepared to buy your wheat of that grade at this price less the freight to Montreal.If you have not got a carload, ship in bags which we will return to you.Consign your wheat to: THE OGILVIE FLOUR MILLS CO., LTD., ROYAL MILLS, MONTREAL and send up the bill of lading with your full address so that we may mail you a cheque for the value of your wheat.The Ogilvie Flour Mills Co., Ltd.MONTREAL When ordering, specify Ogilvie\u2019s Government Standard Flour, \u2018 and Ogilvie's Rolled Oats.95 AAA SERA =\" \"WN S A i S .NIN AAA AA NS > NN SN NS NONI AON ~ THE JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE AND HORTICULTURE NN ; 7 \u201c NA \u201c S 1 N SEE NA AAA N\\A proof, vermin-procf, repair-proof.This book that has helped more than 100,000 farmers to increase the value and the profits cf their farms.will help you\u2014by showing you how easy it is to construct improvements that are permanent, fireproof, weather- y The SILO should be of CONCRETE It has been said that the ideal silo is the glass fruit jar, because it has smooth, airtight, water-tight walls with no joints, the walls being non-absorbent and round in shape.These qualities, so necessary for the satisfactory silo, are all found in the silo of concrete.AIR-TIGHTNESS.\u2014Silage spoils as the result of certain bacterial action due to air getting in.In a concrete silo it is impossible for air to reach the silage through the walls.WATER-TIGHTNESS.\u2014To prevent silage juices from escaping, is only secondary in importance to preventing water entering from the outside.A concrete silo has no joints for water to come through.RAT-PROOFNESS.\u2014Rats cannot gnaw through concrete; they cannot make holes, PERMANENCE.\u2014Silos built years ago of concrete are in as perfect condition to-day as when new.Concrete grows stronger and tougher with age.There is no outlay for up-keep, no painting, no mortar joints to fill, no holes to patch.: FIRE-PROOFNESS.\u2014Lack of fire-fight- ing appliances ona farm, makes.it especially desirable that so important a farm utility as the silo should be of concrete.There are instances on record where the burning of the silo.has not only cost the farmer his silo and contents, but also has made it necessary for him to sell his stock, because of having no other feed to give them.A permanent silo of concrete is the safest allowing air to enter, which results in silage and best investment a farmer can make.It owing a g being spoiled.means larger herds, less work, more profits.We will be glad to send you free of charge our special book about \u201cConcrete Silos.\u201d\u201d Write us for ) the names of concrete silo builders in your neighborhood or follow the very complete instructions in the book.We also have a book \u2018 What the Farmer Can Do With Concrete,\u201d which will help ou build anything from a feeding floor to a milk house.Send your name and address\u2014bot books will be mailed free.Canada Cement Company Limited 508 Herald Building, MONTREAL [CANADA CEMENT], Sales Offices at Montreal, Toronto, Winnipeg, Calgary Agencies in almost every Town and City in Canada vo AMM 1 HH IUIRNRRY S MAIS SNS S v Le CFs rien s © LITTER CARRIERS SAVE MONEY SAVE LABOUR SAVE TIME Save your strength for more important matters.Why push a wheelbarrow through snow, slush, mud or accumulated matter, when a og LOUDEN Roller Bearing ; Litter Carrier will do ITTER four times the work with 453 1h% i= half the labor?(C UDE The LOUDEN Carrier CARRIER: with its patented roller À Isis bearing track wheels and powerful worm gear ?hoist will elevate and carry a heavy load with less effort than any other carrier made.It will repay you many times over.Write to-day for Catalogue\u2014It is Free THE LOUDEN LINE includes Stalls and Stanchions, Feed Carriers, Animal Pens of all kinds, Barn and Garage Door Hangers, Hay Forks, Carriers and Slings, Power Hoists, Horse Barn Equipment, Water Bowls, Cupolas and Overhead Carrying Systems for Factories, etc.We Make Everything for the Barn LOUDEN Machinery Co.of Canada, Ltd.506 CRIMEA ST.GUELPH, ONT.50 MARTIN AVE.WINNIPEG, MAN.VANCOUVER, B.C.ST.JOHN, N.B.Alberta Enquirers write: ALBERTA DAIRY SUPPLIES, LTD., EDMONTON, ALTA.« A Wants Quick _ $ 1,000,000 @ A \u2018| ry, 7\" worth Of ltrs! .The World is fur mad.The ending of the war has opened the European markets.American manufacturers want more furs than ever.Furs are in wildest demand ever known.| .; The big house of the World\u2019s Greatest Fur Market is again smashing all records for high prices.No matter what part of the United States you live in you can vet your full share of this golden harvest becauce Rogers Pays Shipping Charges.on all furs he buys.; Look at the big Prices below, and remember Rogers pays just as liberally for all other skins not on this list; besides you No Commissions or selling charges or \u201cextras\u201d.Also remember that Rogers treats you right in grading and sernids your money quick.Pack up all the skins you have on hand and rush them to Rogers immediately.Don\u2019t wait for shipping tags.Don\u2019t wait for anything.Cut off the tag below and paste on card board or glue to your package.Hurry-\u2014hurry\u2014hurry.L-O-O-K AT THESE BIG PRICES \u2014 which Rogers is paying on best furs from your section of the country.He also guarantees to pay fullest value on all other furs.FISHER up to .: $125.00 MUSKRAT upto .3.25 Rogers 61 - page RED FOX upto .50.00 Pratical Trappers CROSS FOX up to .150.00 Guide with beauti- framing.\u2014 Free if you send your 3.00 name and address.MINKupto .14.00 WHITE WEASEL up to .- T his valuable book tells the habits and haunts of all fur bearing ani- mals\u2014how to trap them\u2014how to pre- MAINE pare their skins DEPANIM for market to bring mnt best prices \u2014Revis- ed gamelaws of United States, Canada and Alaska\u2014 \u2018 Pointers \u201d for trappers and cam- RFD.80X NO.STATE pers.It also quotes factory prices i H | i Il Wu ni | on traps, guns and ui, fs VIN pp Re) : : .supplies.Write today, sure.GREAT PARCEL POST OFFER \u2014 Don\u2019t miss this chance to get our wonderful Compress and Vacuum Clothes washer\u2014best, strongest and most complete Vacuum Washer.Will wash a tub of white or colored clothes in three minutes \u2014 will wash anything from the finest laces to the heaviest blankets without chance of injury.Used for rinsing, blueing or dry cleaning with gasoline.Abolishes labor of wash days\u2014saves rubbing and wearing out of the clothes, saves tired backs.A child can use it.Women discard $20.00 machines for it.Get the best.Don\u2019t buy a cheap washer.Satisfaction guaranteed or money refunded.To prove to every woman that this is the best Vacuum Washer, we will send it complete with long handle and exhaust protectors, postpaid, for only $2.00.Order one today.Don\u2019t wait.Agents wanted to sell these washers and other high-class articles.GRANT & McMILLAN CO., Dept.K26, 387 Clinton St., Toronto, Ont.POST OFFICE RN Li MN Las > PEERLESS | PERFECTION : No matter how fast it comes, the |g most unruly animal can\u2019t break Bf through a Peerless Perfection Farm \u20ac Fence\u20141t springs back into shape.Made of heavy Open Hearth steel galvanized wire with all the impurities M taken out and all the strength and toughness leftin, Every wire is crimped making the fence into one continuous spring.\u2018I'op and bottom wires # are extra heavy.Will notsag.Requires less posts gi than ordinary fence.Absolutely guaranteed.Don\u2019t buy a rod of fencing until 4 ça you get our illustrated Catalog.Describes 4 1 our big line of farm, poultry and ornamental 4 A fencing.Also Peerless farm gates.f+} L CE as Agencies almost everywhere, Agents wanted in J san: all unassigned territory.X y 7) The Banwell-Hoxie Wire Fence Company, Ltd., Winnipeg, Man.Hamilton, Ont.NS vi NA N Ne $ Ores DR THE JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE AND HORTICULTURE VII ad YL AQU TE The Important Problem Every Fur Shipper Must Solve to be Successful You are receiving price lists and other literature from many different Fur Houses\u2014 all claiming to pay the highest prices, etc., etc.This makes it difficult for you to choose your Fur House and a wrong guess raay mean dollars out of your pocket, You must exercise great care and caution in choosing the Fur House to whom you are going to entrust your catch of Fur-bearers.You can solve this important problem by making ¢¢Shubert\u2019\u2019 a trial shipment.For more than thirty-five years¢¢Shubert\u2019\u201d has been paying Furshippers \u2018more money\u201d FREE Hallam\u2019s Trappers\u2019 Guide \u2014 96 pages; illustrated; English or French; tells how and where to trap; what bait and traps to use; is full of useful information.Hallam\u2019s Trappers\u2019 Supply Cata- log\u201436 pages; illustrated; rifles, traps, animal bait, headlights, fish ncts, and all necessary trappers\u2019 and sportsmen\u2019s supplies at low prires.Hallam's Raw Fur News\u2014 Gives Latest prices and advance information on the raw fur market.Write to-day.Address giving number as below.for their Furs\u2014aiways giving an honest and liberal assortment\u2014paying the highest market rices\u2014sending returns out promptly, in other words, rendering \u201cbetter service\u2019 \u2014\" \u2018quicker,\u2019 \u2018Shubert\u201d offers you the SERVICE of an honest\u2014reliable\u2014responsible\u2014safe Fur House \u2014where you take noripk.\u201cThe Shubert Guarantee\u2019 protects you absolutely.A trial will convince you.Get a shipment off \u2014TODAY.Write for \u201cThe Shubert Shipper.\u201d a complete Fur Market Report and Price List Issued at every change in the Fur Market.It's FREE\u2014Write for It\u2014NOW.SHIP YOUR FURS DIRECT TO ABSHUBERTw: The Largest House In the World Dealin xclusive 1 E ly in AMERICAN RAW FURS 25-27 W Austin Ave.DEPT.152Chicago,USA¢ ORDER BY MAIL From our Catalogue and SAVE from 207 to\"257, Ask for our free illustrated Catalogue.It will ease you to save money CHRISTHAS SALES OUR PRICES ARE THE Now is the time to buy Fur LOWEST Robes.We have a well assorted We pay freight on any order stock in Goat-Sk'n, Dark \u2018and above $10.Drawn color, from $19.30 up to SATISFACTION GUARANTEED $32.60.\u2014\u2014 LA We also have an imitation of Maison d'Epargne fom Enregistrer MONTREAL, P.Q.Buffalo Robes, any size, $16.90 up to $21.70.If you have a Christmas and New Years gift to give to your friends, a Fur Robe would be the right article.See our Catalogue for informations and prices.We also have a well assorted stock of Harnesses, Parts of Hardnesses.Leathers Articles and Waterproofed, Horse Blankets, Rrushes, Curry-comb, Bells, Gloves, Mits, Valises, Trunks, Handbag, etc.Automobiles Accessories.THE RECOGNIZED SPECIFIC OF DISEASES OF THE HORSE pa NIET NE : A ; se YY X YY Xx T 0 Sonny 7 a a TN $ 3 QA SUSAQN SO SD AAANVANI A sovereign remedy in powder form which cures, Coughs, Heaves, Colic, etc.It strengthens the work horse as well as the race horse, and enables them to do more and better work.It Z has been successfully prescribed by many veter- É inarians notably by Dr.J.D.Duchêne, in many \"Ÿ critical cases, where results have proved remarkable.A 50 cts.box will be sufficient for six days\u2019 treatment.DR.ED.MORIN & CO., LIMITED, 2 ALWAYS CURES he Hesves ( brastiundlond doeases of fic resporaîerg Organe tn geome TJ) Rutsahon of Urine, Intestinal Worms, Gate, Be ; 3 PRICK 50 CENTS.Dr.Ed.MORIN & CO Limited.2 Cries QuEBLE, CANACA.HN SITET UI HERING QUEBEC, CANADA.HALLAM BUILDING, TORONTO.- rates for Show Animals, Feeding Cattle mares, In-calf cows, Stallions, etc., 71A St.James 2 TIA ST JAMES MONTREAL VE STOCK INSU AGAINST LOSS THROUGH DEATH BY ACCIDENT OR DISEASES SPECIAL RATES for Registered Cattle and Horses.Short term insurance at low Animals shipped by rail or water, In-foal WRITE US FOR FREE PROSPECTUSES AND LARGE CALENDAR WITH PHOTOS OF THE MOST VALUABLE CANADIAN ANIMALS.Address : THE GENERAL ANIMALS INS.CO.Street, Montreal.not like to find more home.If Gold Dust For National Time-Saving In these days there is hardly a woman who would time for work outside the and these hints save time inside the home you will welcome both, won\u2019t you?The new idea in dish- washing If you want to get rid of drying your dishes with a towel, try this: Use a tablespoonful of Gold Dust to a dishpan of water, wash all dishes of one kind together, scald with boiling water in a wire dish draiper.It is because Gold Dust so thoroughly dissolves the grease that the dishes come out clean and sparkling, Help for baking day Mixing bowls,rolling pins,spoons, pans, are obstinate to clean Ÿ when they get \u2018\u2018stuck up.\u201d One woman made this discovery: Grease left by shortenings causes Hoths of the trouble.She looked around for grease-dissolvents.Gold Dust being the most effective and gentlest, dissolved that Hoths of the trouble.It shortened the work of cleaning up after cooking.Sparkling mirrors and windows Your everyday plain or \u201cpressed\u201d glass will quickly respond to this treatment: Dissolve a tablespoonful of Gold Dust in a dishpan of hot water, and use a small brush.Gold Dust quickly dissolves the thin film of oil or grease, and your glass will sparkle like diamonds.Mirrors, windows, glass doors and set-in glass of all kinds come out from their Gold Dust bath clear as crystal.Your stove will like this hint Wherever there's a stove there's bound to be drippings\u2014especially greasy ones.Because Gold Dust is such a gentle, effective grease- dissolvent, most housekeepers keep a package handy.Try it on the zinc, tin or galvanized iron under your stove.Try it on top of your stove where grease has sputtered from the skillet.Try it on the drip tray on your gas range.MADE IN CANADA Let the COLD DUST TWINS do your work GOLD DUST The Busy Cleaner CHEXE FAIRBANK SX, LIMITED, MONTREAL VIII THE JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE AND HORTICULTURE Montreal Baily Star.\\ MONTREAL, WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER \u20182, 1918 WHAT SOLDIERS WANT, A suggestion to those: who are sending gifts io soldiers overseas comes from Lt.-Col, (Canon) Frederick Ceorge Scott, Senior Chaplain of the First Division, in a cable received by friends in Montreal.He says \u201cThe men want -playing cards and chewing tobacco.\u201d Page Fence has built our reputation If you are not familiar with the manufacturing of wire fencing, a roll of Page Fence may not look any better to you than a roll of any other make.But the Page Fence is likely to outlast the other, by many years.There are two things in a Wire Fence whigh make for durability \u2014 the weight size and quulity of the wire, and the thickness and qua'itv of the galvanizing.You can test the weight by putting a roll of l'encing on a platform scale.Page Fencing will weigh several pounds per roll more than other makes.That means more wear\u2014more years of service.But when it comes to the galvanizing, only a skilled expert can tell the difference between a perfect coating which will protect the wire indefinitely from rust, and a poor finish which will soon admit moisture to the steel, and allow it to corrode and become useless.Don\u2019t take chances by ordering some other Wire Fencing, because it is a little cheaper than Page.Take the superior weight of Page Fencing, as an evidence of the thorough honesty of all Page manufacturing methods.Depend upon the Page reputation for square - dealing and quality products, to give you a fence which will last for years, and never - cause you disappointment.TAKE NO CHANCES WITH LIGHTNING ! : > Your barn or your home may be the next to be struck.Protect your property and the lives of your family by installing SHIN\u2014FLAT CONDUCTORS.Prof.W.H.Day of the Ontario Agricultural College says! \u201cOut of every $1000 of property lost by lightning $999 would be saved if good lightning Conductors were used\u201d.Are your buildings 99 9/10% dangerous, or only 1/% ?Write us for full particulars of the Shin Flat System of protection against lightning.Write us to-day for current price list, or any further information desired.The Page Wire Fence Company of Canada, Limited MONTREAL, TORONTO, WALKER VILLE, ST.JOHN, WINNIPEG.CLAIMING STUMP LANDS } eis el it5from Waste land; | WRITE TODAY FOR YOUR COPY of the most complete ¢ treatise ever printed 2: on the reclamation of stump lan 2:1 mechanical appliances.SENT FREE with \u201c1 special introductory offer.W.$m Grubber Co., Doth a LaCrescent, mh A druggist says: \u201cFor nearly thirty years I have commended the Extract of Roots, known as Mother Seigel\u2019s Curative Syrup, for the radical cure of constipation and indigestion.It is an old reliable remedy that never fails to do the work.\u201d 30 drops thrice daily.Get the Genuine, at druggists.a Constipation Cure | THE GILSON SILO FILLER isthe one blower which can be successfully operated \u2018with as little power as 4h.p.There is a Gilson Silo Filler for every purpose\u2014for the individual farmer, for the syndicate, and our large capacity machine for the custom obber.i guarantee every Gilson Silo Filler to cut and elevate more ensilage with the same power than any other blower cutter.-Will Silo Filling Time nd you ready ?#| Write Jor catalogue to-day.i Q Gilson Mig.Co.Ltd.A : We charge no ns ; 46 Years of pquare dealing has earned us the confidence of trappers all over America.Fair, careful gracing and top prices.Your money [BF gent at once.Write mow for our reliable 8 prices, supply catalogue, shipping tags, Eu SIM ON SUMMERFIELD & co.Dept.4 Louis, U, S, A.SuOne Reliable Foy \"Fouse\" * \u2018ABSORBINE from a Bone Spavin, Ring Bone, Splint, Curb, Side Bone, or similar - troubles and gets horse going sound.It acts mildly but quickly and good re sults are lasting.Does not blister or remove the hair and horse can be worked.Page 17 in pamphlet with { each bottle tells how.#2.50 a bottle delivered.Hcrse Book 9 R free.ABSORBINE, JR, the antiseptic liniment for mankind, reduces Painful Swellings, Ena larged Glands, Wens, Bruises, Varicose Veinss heals Sores.Allays Pain.Will tell you more if you write.$1.25 a bottle at dealers or delivered.Liberal trial bottle for 10c stamps.W.F.YOUNG, P.D.F., 134 Lymans Bldg., Montreal, Can, Absorbine and Absorbine.Jr.are made fn Canada, Canadian Ponies for sale.\u2014 Few young bulls of Canadian race, registered, for sale at moderate prices b; the Experimental Farm, Cap-Rouge, Que.For further informations, write to manager, GUS.LANGELIER, Cap- Rouge, Que.Lee a a; ne = pa Lemme lo ana Ts poe sac roe] sme fee | ISSUED FOR RATS M on TEL Y ) .OF ADVERTISEMENTS, ETC., ADDRESS DEPARTMENT OF - THE CANADA AGRICULTURE | .- \u2019 PUBLISHING CO.OF THE Limited PROVINCE OF O 73 St.James St., QUEBEC.: Montréal.All matters relating to = ; : the reading columns must Circulation - 86,783 be pddressed to PROT.\u2019 FRENCH, 78,700 ald College P.0.PT.Q AN D H O RT I C U LT URE, ENGLISH, 3,083 Volume 22 DECEMBER 1st 1918 Number 6 EDITORIAL + CHRISTMAS 1918 The old-fashioned Christmas will be restored again this year.For the last four years, whîle our.men were fighting awful battles in Europe no home could possibly celebrate Christmas with the old time gladness, for the spirit of Christmas, as spoken by the Angels at Christ\u2019s birth, \u201cPeace on Earth and Goodwill toward men\u201d, was absent.This season we shall have a double reason for celebrating\u2014peace has been restored, and our brave boys at the front will soon return.If only we could get them back for Christmas what a happy and joyous time we would have ! A fine feature of the season has always been the giving of gifts to persons we love.This giving of presents should be continued this year \u2014 especially to the soldiers, both sick and well, and to the poor famished people of Europe.There is a vast amount of misery in the world and the best way of celebrating Christmas is to help some of the people made helpless or poverty- stricken by the war.: THE END OF THE GREAT WAR T the eleventh hour of the eleventh day of the eleventh month the combatants in the great world War stopped fighting.Germany had signed an armistice six hours earlier acknowledging her defeat and utter colapse.The terms of the armistice are very severe for the conquered foe but they are deservedly so, for the wrongs she had committed were many and horribly barbaric.Militarism has been crushed and the \u201cworld is again safe for democracy\u201d.In the general rejoicing on the arrival of the glad news that the war was at an end, and that our boys would soon be back again the thought of the death of so many brave young men overseas introduced a feeling of sadness into most hearts.Fifty thousand homes are in mourning for loved ones who have paid the supreme sacrifice.- The sorrowing ones may feel assured, however, that the story of the tremendous sacrifices will be long held in memory by a grateful country.They died for a great and worthy cause, and it is for us to live worthily as befits the great sacrifice.The words of Lincoln at Gettysburg are very appropriate at this time.\u201cIt is for us, the living, to be dedicated here to the unfinished work that they have thus far so nobly carried on.It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task remaining before us; that from these honored dead we take increased devotion to the cause to which they here gave the last full measure of devotion; that we here highly resolve that the dead shall not have died in vain, that the nation shall under God have a new birth of freedom, and that Government of the people, by the people, and for the people, shall not perish from the earth.\u201d SOME AFTER-THE-WAR PROBLEMS ROBLEMS of many kinds are sure to arise as an aftermath of the war, and it may be that many of them will be as difficult to solve as those that arose in war time.The latter were dealt with successfully because all co-operated in the work; similarly the after-war problems will be solved if everybody \u201cdoes his bit\u201d.It is surprising how many things we have done during the last four years that were said to be simply impossible by those of little faith; the adoption of conscription, the regulations as to food control, the raising and maintenance of over half a million Canadian soldiers, the financing of the enormous expenditures, ete., are cases in point familiar to all.There is little wonder, then, that most of us feel that whatever problems may arise they will be solved successfully if we only have the will to do.One of the -first problems to face is the reestablishment of the soldiers in civil life.When viewed as a whole it seems a difficult problem but in all probability it will be dealt with in parts That is, the army will not be demobilized at once but will be sent back in detachments according to their vocations.In this way most of the men will return to their old trades and occupations.Some of the men, however, have expressed a desire for a change of vocation from the one they had before enlistment.For exemple, some wish to take up farming although they have no experience in this line of work; no doubt other occupations are also concerned.To help such men in their new work, the Khaki University will give instruction to the men in Europe while awaiting demobilization and facilities for return.On their return, the men will get further training that will eventually fit them to begin farming on their own account.They will also be helped financially in getting the\u2019necessary equipment for their farms.It is probable also that efforts will be made to induce some of the men, especially those who have been maimed, to train as teachers for schools.The present great dearth of teachers demands immediate action, and perhaps the return of the soldiers will help to solve this difficulty- Another problem of considerable magnitude is the re-adjustment of industries and labor.Men and women will be thrown out of employment with the closing down of munition factories etc.; and as the cost of living will probably remain high for a few years, persons out of employment stand to suffer much hardship.The farms have been greatly undermanned during the war, consequently they could readily absorb a large number of persons who are willing to become laborers.Closely connected with this problem of readjustment is that of the relation of Capital and Labor.The war has undoubtedly strengthened the position of Labor.The trend of the times is toward the democratic control of industry.Just how this is to be accomplished without considerable disturbance remains to be seen.Still another problem is the financing of the country.The war has cost us about a billion dollars; and the interest on this debt must be paid The Government must, therefore, find new sources of revenue.To.maintain her credit among other nations it is absolutely necessary that Canada shall develop her resources as rapidly as possible.No other country has greater possibilities of a speedy recovery from the war, for she has \u201cvast undeveloped resources and raw materials\u201d.In approaching the problems of the transition to a status of peace, as in other matters it is well to remember the new adage, \u201cHe who knoweth not what he seeketh, understandeth not what he findeth.\u201d THE BUSINESS SIDE OF FARMING T must be confessed that the farmers, even the organized farmers are not equipped, as many other big interests are, with a thorough working knowledge of the economic principles that govern business operations.As a result they frequently fail to put their case with sufficient conviction and power before the Government when legislation affecting their interests is impending.For this reason many farmers\u2019 organizations have failed to meet their expectations.These organizations, as a rule, lack leaders trained in the economics of industry, especially agriculture.Other interests have trained and business leadership, consequently when it comes to a conflict with agriculture they generally wit out.Training agricultural business leaders, however, is no easy problem.Such a training would require several years as the field is very broad.Beside a general knowledge of economies it should include an intimate acquaintance with special topics, such as freight rates of agricultural products, international policies in their relation to agriculture, fixing of prices by the Exchanges, marketing of farm products, co-operation, prices of farm products with relation to the prices of other commodities and to the cost of production the rural credit problem, land tenure and land policy, supply and demand as factors in regulating prices, ete.Some will say that the Agricultural Colleges should be in a position to train such leaders but these institutions have been bending their energies almost wholly upon greater production.This kind of work has appealed to the farmer but the economic side also needs more attention than it has received in the past.The war has emphasized the need and value of organization under capable leadership, and no doubt the Agricultural Colleges will make an effort to meet the need for special training in business principles relating to the marketing of farm produce.Unfortunately the farmers\u2019 organizations are not prepared to pay a large salary to a competent leader, consequently he would in all probability, be enticed by a higher salary by some interest who knows his real value.The time is approaching, we believe, when the farmers will see the necessity of learning the rules of the game of the business world so that they may play it themselves.They are in a position to will if they are well coached, Wallaces\u2019 Farmer, writing .on this very subject, says, \u201cThere is one thing dead sure; unless the farmers of the United States do something of this sort, they will degenerate into mere hewers of wood and drawers of water.\u201d Are our Canadian farmers in a better position?Probably not.We would be glad to hear from the farmers, as to their views on the whole situation.THE PRICE OF MILK T \\OR some time a controversy has been in progress between those interested in the raising of the price of milk in the city of Montreal and those interested in keeping it down.On the one side we find the milk dealers arbitrarily raising the price to the consumer and maintaining that they cannot remain in the business without doing so.On the other hand we find the consumers and the Baby Welfare Society appealing to the Canada Food Board to enjoin the dealers from raising the price.It is not our purpose to take sides in this controversy but we feel it our duty to point out the importance to both sides of arriving at a fair and equitable solution of the question, and to express the opinion that such a solution cannot be arrived at without a profound study of the whole subject of the cconomics of the milk business, from the stable to the consumer\u2019s door.Nothing is of more importance to the state than the welfare of its infant citizens.\u201cAs the twig is bent the tree\u2019s inclined\u201d, and to neglect the proper nutrition of any of our young is to lay up infinite trouble for the future.Reason supports the sentiment which condemns as supremely abhorrent any 86 ; THE JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE AND HORTICULTURE De JOURNAL AGRICULTURE AND HORTICULTURE ISSUED MONTHLY BY THE DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE OF THE PROVINCE OF QUEBEC For rates of Advertisements, address THE CANADA PUBLISHING CO., Limited, 73 St.James St, - - Montreal.CONTENTS DITORIAL.\u2014 Christmas 1918.\u2014 The end of the Great War.\u2014 Some after the War problems \u2014 The Business side of Farming.\u2014The Price of milk.Notice to Agricultural Societies and Farmers\u2019 Clubs.\u2014 Linseed Meal.\u2014 Corn for Sale.\u2014 Rural School Architecture, : ARDEN AND ORCHARD.\u2014Geo.B.Edwards D of Covey Hill.\u2014 Fruit Crops Average of good season.\u2014 Fruit Commissioner appointed.\u2014 The use of the Apple.ARM AND FARM CROPS.\u2014 Notes on the Farmers\u2019 Club of the parish of Tres St.Sacrement.\u2014 Curing and storing seed corn.\u2014 Among the Huntingdon Farmers.\u2014 Report of the Experimental Farms.\u2014 Crops of the Province of Quebec.The National Dairy Show.\u2014 Passing of a IVE STOCK.\u2014 Stallino Inspection in Quebec.veteran Breeder.\u2014 The General Breeders\u2019 Association Sales.AIRY.\u2014 A Sales Depot for Quebec Dairymen.Warren Formula explained.New York milk prices for November.\u2014 Prevailing mik Prices.\u2014 Increase profitable butterfat production.OULTRY.\u2014The New Edition of the Directory .of Poultry Breeders.\u2014 The distribution of hatching eggs to school children in Quebec.\u2014 Goose raising.OMANS WORLD.\u2014 Christmas 1918.\u2014 Christmas Giving.\u2014Christmas Candy without sugar.\u2014 Christmas Table decorations.-\u2014 Canning Milkyness.\u2014 Food Control.\u2014 Homemakers\u2019 Club Notes.\u2014 A Christmas Carol.\u2014 A simple inexpensive hot water system.\u2014 Dinner Guests.ENERAL INTEREST.\u2014 The unveiling of the monument to Hebert.\u2014 The Techouse on the Sex be \u2014 New Points about food in ensilage.farm.\u2014 Can controlled, NOTICE TO SUBSCRIBERS Subscribers and members of agricultural societies, of farmers\u2019 clubs and of the Provincial Dairymen\u2019s Association, who do not regularly receive either the English or the French Journal of Agriculture and Horticulture are requested to address thier complaints to the Secretaries of their respective Societies, who will transmit them to the Secretary of the Council of Agriculture at Quebec.action of men which will work harm to little children.Milk is essential to the proper nutrition of children, and the only available substitute or supplement for human milk is the milk of the cow.It is important that cows\u2019 milk should be supplied to city children at the lowest price consistent with good quality and the permanence of the supply.It is no less important that the returns to the producer and dealer should be sufficient to enable them to supp;y milk of unexceptionable quality on such terms as will induce them to continue in business.It is folly to demand milk at a price that will not pay for its production and distribution and allow a reasonable profit to both producer and dealer.Before a price for milk can be satisfactorily set, it is essential, first, that the cost of production should be accurately determined ; second, that the cost of transportation and distribution should be accurately determined ; and third, that the amount of profit to be allowed to producer and dealer should be agreed upon.None of these factors can be lightly arrived at.Even the rate of profit must depend upon what the same men could earn if they chose to turn their efforts in some other direction.Men of sufficient intelligence to carry on a city business in Milk will not devote themselves to such work if they can make more money selling coal or dry goods or fruit and it is obviously important that the very best business ability should be available for the milk business.In the same way farmers cannot be expected to devote themselves to dairying if the raising of beef or mutton and wool will give them as good returns with less effort and more leisure ; and farmers embarked upon the dairying line cannot be expected to supply a market with milk on terms less profitable than the sale of butter or cheese or cream.From the farmers\u2019 standpoint an accurate estimate of the cost of producing milk is desirable.It is unfortunate that our Agricultural Colleges do not have trained economists on their staffs with appropriations adequate to provide for the very considerable labor involved in the collection and compilation of the data required for the production of such estimates applying to the locality and time in question \u2014 in this instance the Montreal district under present economic conditions.Such estimates have been attempted in the United States and a very good summary of results was published in Hoard\u2019s Dairyman on November 8th.The net result of six estimates is thal when guain is worth $50 per ton, hay $20 per ton, silage $6 per ton, and labour 25¢ an hour, 100 pounds of miik can be produced at a cost of $2.65 to $2.95.how well these estimates apply to our ronditions we are not prepared to say.It is altogether probable that milk production is somewhat more expensive in our climate than under the average conditions of the United States.What we wish to emphasize is the desirability of an estimate of the same nature applying tc our local conditions being prepared by competent persons land revised by them from time to time as conditions change.Until this is done and a similar study is made of the cost of milk distribution, no satisfactory conclusion of the milk price controversy is to be looked for.J.F.S.NOTICE TO AGRICULTURAL SOCIETIES HE good results obtained up to now through the seed grain exhibitions held by agricultural societies have induced the Honorable Minister of Agriculture with the assistance of the Ottawa Department of Agriculture, to continue the special grant of $75.00 awarded in past years to any society that will organize such an exhibition.It is important to note that dating from this ycar, only the competitors who will have obtained prizes at the exhibitions held by the societies wiil be entitled to compete at the Provincial Exhibition to be held in March next, and for such and such variety of grain for which prizes will have been awarded by the societies.Should your society be desirous to take advantage of this grant, please let us know before December 15th next.stating the name of the parish where this exhibition will take place.We would recommend that a place with a railway station be chosen in preference to any other, so as to prevent long drives which are rather difficult in winter time.The list of prizes you intend to offer at this exhibition shall also be sent to us for approval before being printed and distributed.Please also note that in future societies will be allowed to open classes for vegetable seeds, so as to encourage thier production, viz: Swede turnips, carrots, onions, ete.Judges will be sent free: one representing the Department of Agriculture at Ottawa, and the other, Quebec.You will be informed, after December 15th next, of the date this seed grain exhibition shall be held.OSCAR LESSARD, Secretary of the Agricultural Council.Quebec, October 29th, 1918.FARMERS\u2019 CLUBS Messrs the Officers, Directors and Members of Farmers\u2019 lubs.Gentlemen, Please note that during the session of 1917-18, article 1872 of the Revised Statutes 1909, concerning the date of the general annual meeting of the members for the election of directors, has been amended.This amendment now sets forth this meeting to be held on the SECOND TUESDAY IN JANUARY instead of the SECOND WEDNESDAY IN JANUARY.The notices of meeting, which must be sent according to article 1873, shall mention this new date so that all members may be present in order to elect those whom they think most qualified to form the board of directors.Yours truly, The Secretary of the Council of Agriculture.OSCAR LESSARD.Quebec, October 30th, 1918.IMPORTANT NOTICE To Officers, Directors and Members of Agricultural Societies.Gentlemen, We beg to inform you that the date of the general annual meeting of members for the election of the directors of the Agricultural Societies has been changed by an amendment to article 1833 of the Revised Statutes 1909, which was adepted during the session 1917-18.This date has now been fixed to the SECOND MONDAY IN JANUARY instead of the THIRD WEDNESDAY IN JANUARY.In the notices of meeting, which must be given at least fifteen days in advance, it is important to mention this new date clearly so that all members may take note of it and attend the meeting to elect those whom they think most capable of acting as directors.Yours truly, The Secretary of the Council of Agriculture, OSCAR LESSARD.Quebec, October 30th, 1918.LINSEED MEAL Editor, Journal of Agriculture :\u2014 The Department of Agriculture of Quebec is offering to Agricultural Societies, Farmers\u2019 Clubs, Co-operative Societies and other agricultural associations, a certain number of carloads of linseed oil meal (old process), in 200 1b.bags, at $62.00 per ton f.o.b., Buffalo, including war tax.Conditions of payment: cash on delivery, draft attached to Bill of Lading.Please give the name of the association and of the officer in charge of the delivery, in full, as well as the name of the unloading station.All orders are subject to acceptance.We still have several cars of corn and wheat screenings, unground, to dispose of, as offered in our circular of October 26th last.All orders should be mailed without delay.ANTONIO GRENIER, Deputy-Minister of Agriculture.Quebec, Nov., 13, 1918.Winter work on Implements.\u2014Implements that have been used for some time should be inspected and the worn parts adjusted or replaced.In the farm workshop in the winter when field work is not pressing, this important work can be accomplished and will pratically do away with that aggravating \u201ctinkering\u2019\u2019 during the busy season.Another advantage is that repairs required from the factory can be delivered more promptly, and time will permit of a thorough job of repairing being one.A [RE i ME = THE JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE AND HORTICULTURE 87 CORN FOR SALE Editor, Journal of Agriculture, HE Department of Agriculture of Quebec is | ~ offering to Agricultural Societies, Farmers\u2019 Clubs, Co-operative Societies, and other agricultural associations, a few carloads of corn, of 1400 to 1,500 bushels, at $1.40 per bushel f.o.b., Tiffin, Ont, payable cash on - delivery, draft attached to bill of lading.All orders subject to acceptance.This corn is nearly the same as has been offered heretofore, and is of Sample Grade.It is last years corn, not kiln-dried but sun-dried.The Department can also dispose of a few carioads of unground wheat screenings in bulk, and oil cakes in slab form, in bags of 275 to 350 lbs, and linseed meal (old process) in sacks of 200 lbs.Price of screenings $36.00 per ton f.o.b., Fort William.Each car containing about 33 tons.Price of oil cakes in slabs $58.00 per ton f.o.b., Montreal, Each car contains about 33 tons.Price of linseed meal $62.00 per ton f.o.b., Buffalo, or $66.00 per ton f.o.b.Montreal, war tax included.Please give the name of the association and of the officer in charge of the delivery, in full, as well as the name of the unloading station, and the name of the bank upon which draft is to be made, We do not keep these goods for sale and would recommend you to give your orders to a Central Co-operative Society, or to dealers when they can give you the same advantages.It is to the interest of all farmers to procure all feeds they will need this winter before the railways become congested.J.A.GRENIER, Deputy Minister of Agriculture.Quebec, November 22nd, 1918.P.S.\u2014 We are informed that the Dominion Sugar Co.Ltd., Chatham, Ont., offer sugar beet pulp, dried and rasped into small pieces at $1.35 CUT SHOWING AIR CIRCULATION WHEN A MODERN HEATING SYSTEM IS USED.In a modern schoolroom single seats should be used.to be necessary for the comfort and health of the children.Many of our schools are simply large boxes with windows let in on nearly all sides, so that the lighting of the school room is obtained from all directions, giving cross lights and shadows.The State of Missouri has suggested a suitable rural school building, planned by school architects in that State.This model one-room rural school is well worth the study of school boards in our rural districts.The two illustrations below will give a good idea of the appearance of the school from the outside.Plate 1 shows the front elevation with the front steps and double swing doors.It will be cbserved that the class room is in the rear part of the building.Plate 2 illustrates the plan of this school.It will be observed that the main lighting for the class room is obtained from the left side of the FELT'S ONE ROOM SCHOOL.per ton f.o.b.,, Chatham.This by-product contains Protein not less than .8% Fat not less than .\u2014 .5% Crude fibre not more than .23% Carbo-hydrates .60% We do not sell these goods but those who wish to buy them should apply to the Dominion Sugar Co.Ltd., Chatham, Ont.RURAL SCHOOL ARCHITECTURE ARIOUS attempts have been made to design a rural school which would be satisfactory from the point of view of teaching as well as from the point of view of the health of the pupils.It is unfortunate that school boards are allowed to choose their own architects when a school is expected to be built.It would be far better to have a set of plans available for any school board in any province, from which could be selected the type of school most suitable for any community that required a school.In our own province, many of our rural schools are capable of architectural improvement.They do not have those features which are now recognized pupils who are seated facing the teacher\u2019s desk.This means that the light comes over their left shoulders to their writing books and desks, and there is no window behind the teacher\u2019s desk which could admit light injurious to the eyes of the children.On the contrary.the complete area of the wall in front of the children is reserved for floor space.It is true that three windows are inserted in the back of the school room, but these windows are small windows high up on the wall, and do not admit light of a nature to injure the eyes of the teacher.Every school room of a normal size should contain a glass surface amounting to one-quarter or one- sixth of the floor surface.If a school room is 32 feet long and 24 feet broad, its floor area would amount to 768 square feet, If this figure is divided by six or by four, it will give a result of 128 or 192 square feet; and these results give the amount of window space that ought to be provided for a school of that size.The bottom of the windows should be at least three feet six above the floor.In most cases they should be set at four feet above the floor.The lighting should come from one side only, and the windows should be placed as far to the rear of the school as possible with narrow mullions to avoid obstruction of, the light.Of course the mullions must be strong enough to make the construction safe.The school illustrated in Plate 2 provides satisfactory lighting for a classroom holding 45 single desks for children.It will be observed that the problem of accommodating the wraps and hats of the children is solved by having cloak racks in the entrance hall which is well lighted.The heater may also be controlled from this entrance hall.This feature prevents coal dust and ashes from entering the school room.On the other hand, it might be more convenient to have the heater inside the school room, and use it to ventilate the room as well as heat it.This ventilating and heating aystem is illustrated in Plates 3 and 4.Window ventilation is a difficult thing to manage properly.If the windows are on one side only, it is best to open all the windows from the top in mild weather.If the windows are raised from CUT SHOWING AIR CIRCULATION WHEN A MODERN HEATING SYSTEM IS USED., Lv pre aE tp CRT TREE Alp dn at nu © en A Tr ram CES Ve FE ee 88 THE JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE AND HORTICULTURE the bottom, a draught will blow directly on the children; if only one or two windows are lowered too much from the top, there will be a draught opposite these windows and perhaps dead air in the corners of the room, LACHINE AHSCT Plate I shows the perspective and Plate II the floor plan of a one-room rural school.These plans show the essential features of a modern school building.The heating apparatus \u2018is so designed that the heater may by fired from the hall, thus doing away with the necessity of carrying fuel into the schoolroom, and doing away with the dirt and noise which comes from coal and from firing a furnace.The building is ventilated through a large vent stack carried out above the roof.The building is lighted from the left of the pupils.The workroom adjacent to the schoolroom can be used for many purposcs, but is designed particularly for use as manual training room or a domestic science room.It has a large closet adjoining, and is well lighted.This building can be erected at a cost of from $1,000 to $2,000, depending upon the materials used.This moderate cost places the building within the reach of any country school district.Many country schools are still heated by the ordinary box stove, which is sometimes situated in the centre of the room.An improvement on this manner of heating is found in the use of a jacketed stove, such as illustrated in Plates 3 and 4 which illustrate the Waterbury and the Smith system.An ordinary stove may be turned into a jacketed one.All sides of the stove except the door must be surrounded by a sheet iron casing set at a distance of six or eight inches from the stove.The space between the stove and its jackets must be connected with outside air by means of a carefully constructed fresh air duct.The jacket ought to set closely to the floor and against the edges of the door of the stove.It should also extend a few inches about the top.Plates 3 and 4 illustrate the method of taking in fresh air to the jacket surrounding the stove, and are examples of the Smith system and the Waterburry system of heating a rural school and ventilating it at the same time.It should be remembered, however, that jacketed stoves are most effective in cold weather and do not act as efficiently as ventilators in mild weather, because when little heat is needed a very small amount of fresh air will enter the fresh air intake.Jacketed stoves.however, are better than any other kind of heating apparatus for rural schools unless a hot water furnace is installed.Plate 4 also illustrates another feature of sanitation in a rural school.It shows a bubbling fountain for containing the drinking water for the children.This allows them to obtain a drink without using a common glass and without spilling water on the floor.The upper half of this water tank contains the water and the lower half holds the waste water which overflows and is caught in a basin below the fountain.The work room shown in Plate 2 may be used for various purposes including a lunchroom if necessary.There are excellent features in this model one room rural school, which might well be adopted in our own rural communities.It is of course difficult to design a school suitable for every form of site and climate, but this model school room adopted by Missouri can give us many pointers as to what can be accomplished in conditions similar to our own in the Province of Quebec.SINCLAIR LAIRD.THE GARDEN AND ORCHARD GEORGE B.EDWARDS OF COVEY HILL Pioneer Citizen and Fruit Grower.VERY person is the product of the interaction of three influences\u2014his ancestry, his environment, and his werk.His ancestry determines his inborn qualities; his environment determines his cpportunities, whether favourable or -unfavourable, as the result of the forces thrust upon him: and his work represents what he does with his heritage ard his environment.Obviously, therefore, all three influencés are important in the making of a man.Mr.George B.Edwards, the subject of this sketch, was born at \u201cKeithburn\u201d, Covey Hill, July 27th, 1825.His parents, John Edwards and Jean Brand belonged to Dundee, Fectland, and had all the characteristics of the sturdy race that has played a foremost part in the development of all lines of industry in every part of the world.Much of the success of Mr.Edwards, we believe, can be atlyibuted to the peculiar Scottish traits inherited from his parents, His strict sense of justice and honesty.his fenacity of purpose, his modesty his thriftiness, and his sense of humour and fondness of anecdotes, all characteristically Scoteh, were inherited through his parents.His father was a man of many excellent traits, and his mother is described as a \u201cgodly woman\u201d from whom her son, no doubt, inherited his strong religious nature and his teetotalism.Mr.Edwards\u2019 parents emigrated to Covey Hill in 1833, bringing their two sons, William and James Keith and two danghters, Mary, afterwards Mrs.Wm, O\u2019Neill, and Anne, afterwards Mrs.Charles Gordon.Three sons were born to them at \u201cKeithburn\u201d, George, John and Tay, who are the only survivors of the family.The c¢ldest brother William was a land surveyor in the County of Huntingdon for over fifty years, and Keith.the second brother was for some years connected with the Toronto \u201cGlobe\u201d as reporter, and later for many years until the time of his death he was official reporter of debates in the House of Representatives, Washington.Of the younger brothers, John was a successful merchant and real estate man in Sherbrooke ; and Tay carried on a successful merchant business in Hem- mingford for a time, and later went to Boston where he is engaged in business, Covey Hill in the carly days of Mr.Edwards was a wilderness covered with timber, consequently the efforts of the settlers for many years were mainly directed to the clearing of the land and the making of lumber.The removal of the timber, however, did not make farms fit for cultivation for besides the stumps that had to be taken out, the stones had to be gathered\u2014a much harder proposition.The stone fences that abound everywhere in this district are GEORGE B.EDWARDS OF COVEY HILL.a silent testimony to the arduous labours of early days.The elevated area of land called Covey hill is the most north-eastern hill of the upland of sandstone which flanks the Adirondacks Mountains of northern New York.North-west, north, and north-east of it is the great lowland of the St.Lawrence which stretches far beyond Montreal.At the close of the Glacial Period the sea invaded the lowland and its waves formed beaches on the old shore-line against the upland of Covey hill.These beaches are prominent features of the region and consist of well- built ridges of water-worn sandstone shingle or slabs.The presence of these beaches is responsible, therefore, for the stony nature of the land and for the hard work entailed upon the farmers, but on the other hand is also responsible for the many excellent orchards that are to be found in that district.Of the five brothers George alone remained at home on the farm, consequently his school days were few and his education was limited to the three R\u2019s.The farm was naturally rough and stony and he had to work long and hard to get it into its present condition.For a time, while timber was plentiful, he operated a saw mill where the making of lumber was done by hand with a vertical saw: but he early recognized the possibilities of apple growing and started an orchard.At first he grew common varieties of apples that did not prove profitable.He then bought grafted trecs of which many varieties did not turn out true to name.These unpleasant and discouraging experiences, however, did not daunt him.He began grafting and budding on his own account.This venture proved so satisfactory that he started a small nursery.This he enlarged year by year and did a good business until 1895 when a severe hailstorm destroyed most of the plantation.Since that time Mr.Edwards\u2019 nursery has been much reduced in size, but he has continued to furnish nursery stock of good quality, which made excellent trees when they were carefully planted and cared for.The trees in the Government Demonstration Orchard of Mr.Joseph Waddell at Havelock, one of the finest orchards in the Province, were grown in Mr.Edwards\u2019 nursery.Mr.Edwards\u2019 long experience in fruit-growing should be of great value to young orchardists.He said \u201cI made a big mistake when I planted my own orchard, I planted too many varieties, many being unprofitable.There is money in fruit-growing if carried on intelligently.\u201d Again he said: \u201cFruit- growing nowadays demands attention to the business.My advice would be; plant a few varieties only, and these the best; take proper care of the young trees, and always spray and prune.If you do these things you will make money about Covey Hill.\u201d Mr.Edwards has long identified himself closely with the furtherance of the fruit industry of the province; he has been a Director of the Quebec Pomological Society for many years, and is one of the conspicuous figures at the Conventions of the Society.He has been a successful exhibitor of fruit A Group of fruit-growers at Abbotsford.From the right, are G.B.Edwards, Peter Reid, Robt.Brodie, the late Mr.Crossfield, and Mr.Passingham of the \u201cGazette\u201d DE ee LE open AE NO Co THE JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE AND HORTICULTURE 89 Mr.G.B.Edwards in his apiary at Covey Hill.at the different exhibitions for a long time and for several years won first prize at the Montreal Horticultural Exhibition for the County Collection for Huntingdon.Mr.Edwards, however, does not keep \u201call his eggs in one basket\u201d, for in addition to apple-grow- ing which yields him a neat sum every year, he has a fair-sized apiary which produces a large quantity of honey.The work involved in the management of bees is very congenial as it is not so tiring as that required in the orchards for we must remember that he is now 83 years of age.Mr.Edwards has been also active as a citizen.He was Mayor of Havelock for eight years, and has always been one of a the foremost workers for the good and the advancement of his community.In polities he is a Liberal and in his own quiet way has always been a staunch supporter of his party.In religion he is a Presbuterian, and an Elder of the congregation at Covey Hill.He gives liberally not only to all the schemes of the Church but also to all other good causes to which he is asked to contribute.At conventions Mr.Edwards does not take a prominent part on the programme.but he occasionally does take part in discussions relating to practical affairs of fruit-growing., Having a fresh and retentive memory he is able frequently to bring into the discussions many valuable features based on his own experience with nursery and fruit bearing trees.Mr.Edwards was twice married, his first wife Margaret McDiarmid, who died in 1870, being the mother of two daughters and one son.The two daughters are living at home, but the son, a promising youth of sixteen, was drowned many years ago.His second wife, Mary Broad, died in 1890.Although Mr.Edwards is an octogenarian, he is capable of attending to many of the details of the farm and orchard.He and his daughters always extend a warm welcome and give kind hospitality to their many friends whenever they call.The Journal of Agriculture has frequently been their guest and can vouch for the welcome and the hospitality.May Mr.Edwards live many years yet in the sweet enjoyment of a well-earned rest beside his family and the people of Covey Hill ! W.L.FRUIT CROPS AVERAGE OF GOOD SEASON Better Crop of Apples in Ontario, both as regards Size and Quality \u2014 British Columbia good too.POTATOES ARE PLENTIFUL He Department of Agriculture, Fruit Commissioner\u2019s Branch, issues the following: \u2014 The past month has been extremely unfavourable in Ontario and Quebec and there has hardly been a day on which rain has not fallen.This has made conditions for harvesting unpleasant, and the lack of sunshine has affected the proper colouring of the apples in some districts.In Nova Scotia the weather has not been quite so unfavourable as in Ontario and Quebec, although there has been a great deal of rain throughout the Maritime Provinces.A windstorm was reported from the Annapolis Valley on September 20 and 31 which caused a rather severe dropping of fruit on some varieties.Conditions in British Columbia have been particularly favourable for picking.The weather during the month of September was warm and dry.BETTER APPLE CROP The situation in Canada at the time of writing is better than a month ago.despite the extremely unfavourable weather conditions which have prevailed in Ontario, Quebec, and the Maritime Provinces.All parts of Ontario report a very satisfactory development of the fruit, particularly in regard to size and quality.There are, of course, a number of orchards which have been neglected to a greater or less extent, ever since the outbreak of war, and in these the crop this year is of low grade; but in those orchards which have received proper care, the results of thorough spraying are much in evidence.We therefore anticipate a better crop of apples in Ontario, both as regards quality and quantity, than in our last report.In British Columbia the total output will be approximately the same as last year; there is a slightly smaller crop in the Okanagan, but this is balanced by a considerable increase in the Kootenay Valley.Size and quality are excellent.We do not need to modify our estimate of the Nova Scotian crop, which will be in the neighbourhood of 400,000 barrels.In that province, too, conditions have improved.Gravensteins have been moving freely during the past two weeks and are running of good size and quality.DEMAND FOR CARS According to statistics just compiled, it will require approximately 793 box and 631 refrigerator cars to move the Nova Scotia apple crop; 985 refrigerator and 375 box cars for the British Columbia shipments; while Ontario requirements are estimated to be 498 box and 971 refrigerators.Cars are now rolling, and the traffic will continue until the end of March, so that there will be a continuous demand for refrigerator equipment throughout that period.Nova Scotia will probably require over 1,100 cars to move to points in Quebec, Ontario and West of the Lakes; British Columbia, approximately 1,075 cars to the prairies and Ontario; while Ontario\u2019s car demands will be about equally divided between local points and points west of Port Arthur.It has already been pointed out by the Canadian Railway War Board that there will be a serious shortage for the fall movement of freight, so that fruit shippers will readily see the necessity and advantage of loading available cars as heavily as will permit transportation without damage.POTATO CROP WELL UP While it is somewhat early to form an opinion as to what the potato crop will be, it would appear from present indications that the quantity will be above that of 1917.Reports received from New Brunswick give an estimated yield of 8,650,000 bushels, as against an estimated yield last year of 5,000,000 bushels; Prince Edward Island gives promise of a better yield than last year although the acreage is slightly less; Nova Scotia has a large acreage with prospects for a good crop: Quebec also promised a large crop of potatoes and all kinds of vegetables.In some parts of Ontario the prolonged hot, dry weather of July and August checked the growth of tubers.For that reason the crop may not be as-large as last year, but there is still a possibility of a fairly good yield.Coming to the western provinces, it appears that Manitoba will have the largest crop of potatoes in her history, which is estimated at 10,000,000 bushels.\u2018This is 1,000 000 bushels more than the large crop of 1916.Manitoba also reports a bumper crop of cabbage, carrots, turnips and al! kinds of vegetables.Potatoes in some parts of Saskatchewan and Alberta were heavily frosted early in the season, but it is expected that a fairly good crop will be harvested in other sections.In British Columbia the prospects point to a good average yield.QUEBEC NOW PORT OF ENTRY FOR NURSERY STOCK FROM EUROPE By a recent amendment to the Destructive Insect and Pest Act, shipments of nursery stock from England or other European countries ray enter at the port of Quebec.Previously, shipments of European nursery stock destined to the district of Quebec had to be entered at the port of Montreal.FRUIT COMMISSIONER APPOINTED \u2019 Mr.C.W.Baxter fills vacancy caused by Mr, D.Johnson\u2019s death.E Minister of Agriculture announces the .appointment of Mr.C.W.Baxter to fill the vacancy created by the death of Mr.Donald Johnson, Fruit Commissioner, which occurred some two months ago.Mr.Baxter has been an important official of the Fruit Branch for more than six years.This appointment is therefore in harmony with the policy of the Government to fill vacancies by promotion where suitable officials are available within the department.Mr.Baxter was born at Chelsea, Que.At the age of sixteen years he began a business career in the fruit industry, more particularly in the handling of apples, which covered the whole field from the packing of the fruit to the export trade.He entered the Government service in July, 1912, and for two years was the chief inspector under the Fruit Marks Act for the Prairie Provinces, with headquarters at Winnipeg.His experience during this time gave him a close insight into the fruit industry of British Columbia.In 1914 he was transferred to Ottawa and put in charge of the inspection work for Ontario east of Toronto and the province of Quebec.He was then closely associated with Mr.Johnson in handling the major problems relative to the distribution of fruit and vegetables.When the Food Administration was reorganized on the retirement of the Hon.Mr.Hanna, Mr.Baxter, while still an officer of the Fruit Branch, assumed an important position on the Canada Food Board, where he was placed in charge of the fruit and vegetable section.On the completion of the licensing system .an enforcement section was created and Mr.Baxter given its charge.It will be the policy of the Department of Agriculture through the Fruit Branch under Mr.Baxter, in addition to the administration of the Fruit Marks Act, to give special attention to the problems of marketing and distribution generally.As in the past, however, fruit growers will continue to receive supplementary assistance in matters pertaining to their business.The production side of the fruit growing industry, representing a yearly crop valuation of about $140.- 000,000, is more particularly looked after by the Department of Agriculture through the very efficient fruit division of the Experimental Farms, which covers every province in Canada and deals with all questions concerning production, from the creation of new varieties, methods of cultivation, treatment of insects and disease, to the harvesting and storing of the crop.' THE USE OF THE APPLE \u201cThose who make a liberal use of apples will serve the dual purpose of saving for shipment overseas such articles of food as are fit for that purpose and at the same time furnish a useful and valuable food for the household\u201d.\u201cThe apple without question is the king of fruits, whether fresh, dried, evaporated or canned, it is a wholesome food, easily prepared attractive and palatable at all times.\u201d \u201cAlways cook apples in earthern or granite utensils and use silver, granite or wooden spoons for stirring.The use of the apple as the basis for all manufactured jam is well known.This is due to the large amount of pectose which it contains.There 1s no waste to a good apple; even the paring and core may be utilized for jelly.Fruits are classified as flavor fruits and nutritive fruits \u2014 the apple comes under both of these heads.\u201d Extracts from a little booklet issued by the Fruit Branch of the Dominion Department of Agriculture giving 160 recipes for the use of the apple.The hook can be had free on application to the Publications Branch, Department of Agriculture, Ottawa.Donald was leaving his native village for parts unknown.Sandy, his friend, invited all the friends and neighbors to his home to give Donald a royal send-off.As is customary at these gatherings, liquid refreshments were served without stint.About nine o\u2019clock Sandy noticed Donald going round bidding the guests good-bye.\u201cYour no goin\u2019 yet, Donald?\u201d he said in surprise.\u201cNa, I'm no goin\u2019 yet,\u201d answered Donald, \u201cbut I thoct I'd bid \u2018em a\u2019 good-bye while I knew \u2019em.\u201d 90 THE JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE AND HORTICULTURE THE FARM AND FARM CROPS NOTES ON THE FARMER'S CLUB OF THE PARISH OF TRES £T- SACREMENT HE above named Club, centred at Riverfield, has made good progress in the first year of its existence.The chief feature of the work of the Club has been educational and the source of inspiration has been Macdonald College.The following members of the Staff delivered interesting addresses on the following topics and these meetings were open to the public.Mr.J.Moynan Topic Wheat Mr.A.A.MacMillan Sheep Mr.E.M, Ricker \u201c Apples and small fruits Mr.J.A.Starrak \u20186 Underdrainage Dr.N.E.McEwen \u201c Tuberculosis.All these addresses were of a high order, full of information and very helpful.Mr.E.N.Blondin, District representative, was always a welcome visitor and gave very considerable help to the Club.The Club also memorialized the Quebec Government asking for certain amendments to the Drainage laws and the establishment of a Hydro Electric Commission for the Province.The co-operative side of the work of the Club was judiciously handled as the Directors, with limited experience, were reticent to take any risks, especially in the unsettled state of the markets.But the members were helped considerably in the purchase of seed corn, binding twine, and by a carload of salt.In fact they were saved their membership fee several times over.The Journal of Agriculture has been a very welcome monthly visitor to the homes, so full of high ideals for the farmers and helpful information.The Directors are planning along several lines for the benefit of the membership and are hopeful that the number of members will be larger in the ensuing year.S.A.WOODS, Secretary.CURING AND STORING SEED CORN URING the past few years the growing of grain corn in Quebec has assumed larger proportions than it has for many years.The scarcity of feeds of all concentrated kinds and the high value of corn in feeding hogs, beef animals, poultry, ete.has to a large extent been responsible for this.Improved machinery and methods used in planting have made it that much labor is saved, and cultivation can be done almost, if not entirely with- horses ; while modern machinery and short cuts in harvesting and feeding have reduced the cost of labor in that regard to a minimum.The growing of grain corn has thus been converted from a proposition costly in labor and money, to one that is quite profitable, and the demands for this class of feed on the farm have to a considerable extent been met.In the spring of 1918 the question of a supply of seed was a difficult one on account of an early frost and a rather unfavorable season for saving seed the previous autumn.Unfortunately the season of 1918 has again not been suitable for the ripening and weather conditions have made it very difficult indeed to cure.The supply of seed for the crop of 1919 is therefore likely to be very scarce, and this furnishes all the more reason for saving seed wherever it is possible to do so.The string method of curing corn.This is a satisfaction method for small quantities.Many difficulties are in the way of curing seed corn particularly when it has not had a chance to mature properly.The lack of experience and knowledge of the necessary conditions for curing it have often caused the loss of a crop and much disappointment.Freezing is apt to damage the corn while in the field, while heating, moulding, and sprouting have to be guarded against in the later stages of curing.The amount of damage that is apt to be done in the field by freezing depends largely on the maturity of the crop and its content of moisture.The less mature the crop is, the greater is the danger and the smaller amount of frost that it takes to do damage.If badly frozen no attempt should be made to save seed.Much less damage is apt to be done if the corn is cut, for when in this condition it loses its moisture rapidly and moreover, when either in bunches or in the stook, a large part of the crop is protected.If put up in a stook the crop is in a position to dry out and there is little danger from heating, moulding or sprouting unless weather conditions are extreme.This is without doubt the surest way of accomplishing the preliminary stages of corn-curing.By the time this article reaches the press most corn will be under cover.Some of it will be yet on the stalk while a great deal of it will already be eared and husked and here a few points may be of value.Even the ripest of corn contains a considerable amount of moisture and immature corn may have as much as forty percent.In the case of the former it is necessary to use some caution against moulding and in the case of the latter a great deal of care is necesssary to prevent heating, moulding and sprouting.If very immature or moist, neither the ears with husks nor the ears alone should be allowed to lie in piles more than a foot deep for long.The husks when dry provide a channel for the esgape of moisture and will allow also, of greater air circulation in and around the corn, but when wet are apt to cause heating and sprouting.If the corn is well matured no harm will result from storing in larger piles in this manner.When the husks have been removed from the ears there is much more danger of moulding, and even with what appears to be well matured corn, provision must be made for proper aeration.Unless thoroughly ripe and dry it is not safe to leave corn piled up in this condition for any length of time.\\ Ordinary chicken wire used as a hanger for curing corn, The cars are kept separate an good circulation of air is provided.Even where it is only two ears deep mould will occur in the course of two or three days.Some provision must be made for keeping the ears apart and providing for air circulation.The amount of seed put up by any one man will not in many cases warrant the erection of a special house such as is used in seed growing sections.On most farms some dry outbuilding or room can be used for this purpose.Care must, however, be used here to avoid a building that is hot and moist.Dry conditions with good ventilation are necessary.Various methods of putting up corn for effective curing are in use.Each is suited to a particular condition and no doubt has advantages.A method in common use is one in which a few husks are left on each ear and the ears are braided together in traces.When hung up in a dry room this is a satisfactory method but can only be used on a small scale, as the time and labor involved is too great for large quantities.A much more rapid method, for small quantities, is one in which the corn is put up on strings such as binder twine or stout cord of any kind.This method is shown in the cut No 1, accompanying this article.Two strings eight to twelve feet long are placed on the floor about four inches apart and tied together at the ends.A start is made by placing an ear at the centre after which the strings are crossed over the eat.These strings are crossed and recrossed as the cars are put on until the string has been largely used up when the end loops are cut and the strings tied above the last ear.Two persons can run up five to six bushels per hour or enough seed if good, to plant twenty or twenty five acres.In commercial corn drying houses use is made of two by four inch scantlings.Nails ore driven into these three or four inches apart from both sides with the heads pointing slightly upwards.These nail heads are then cut off and the butt end of the husked corn is spiked on to them.When full the scantlings are hung up on racks built for the purpose.The same plan can be followed using ordinary boards in place of scantling and driving three-inch nails through the board.This is probably the best arrangement if one intends it to be permanent.: A very simple method, and yet one that will handle large or small quantities of corn under our conditions with a minimum outlay in time, material, and labor, is one in which ordinary chicken wire with a two-inch mesh serves for a hanger.The wire which may be of any width depending on the quantity of corn to be put up is hung up to a beam in the granary or in some other suitable place.The butts of the ears are inserted into alternate meshes allowing the tips to hang downward.Both sides of the wire are filled in this way and should be filled together.Corn can be hung up as fast as a person can put in the ears, and any amount can be put up providing a suitable place is available for hanging.One difficulty may be experienced with this method, however, and that is, the corn is rather easily knocked out of place.Turkeys, hens, or chickens wii] play havoc with it.but if undisturbed by such outside influence no difficulty will be experienced on that account.This seems to the writer to be the most practical method for curing corn under most conditions, but local circumstances on individual farms may make Jed ERI THE JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE AND HORTICULTURE 91 t that other methods are more satisfactory.This method is shown in cut No.2.No matter what method is used, however, it should be stored in a room or building where there is not an excess of moisture and where there is a good circulation of air.When thoroughly dried the corn can be taken off the hangers and binned.With rather poorly matured seed and with very extreme conditions of harvesting, the germination is not likely to be high.Even though the greatest care is taken in curing, a thorough test must be made before planting time.A failure or partial failure to germinate costs too much to take any chances in risking a crop.Every farmer that can do so should attempt to save as much seed as he can for next year\u2019s seeding.Seed is likely to be scarce and high in price and unless this is done, many would-be growers will find themselves without a supply of reliable seed.R.SUMMERBY, Macdonald College.AMONG THE HUNTINGDON FARMERS HE county of Huntingdon can claim a fore- + - most place in the Province for the large number of good farmsteads and fine stock.Thrice a year \u2014 at the Ormstvown, Valleyfield, and Huntingdon Fairs \u2014 long lines of fine pedigreed animals from this county are in evidence, and many are the prizes that are taken home by their proud owners.Through the kindness of Mr.E.N.Blondin, Agricultural Representative for the District, the Editor of the Journal of Agriculture was able to call on a few of the farmers during the third week of August.Harvesting was in full swing, and the crops were turning out well, many of the fields threshing out 30 bushels of wheat to the acre.In spite of the scarcity of labourhelp, the farmers by working long hours have increased the acreage of crops this year, and their patriotic Son of the King of the Pontiac, owned by Mr.Hugh Tannahill.efforts have been rewarded by larger returns.The County has also done remarkably well in providing men, money and clothing for the Canadians in Flanders and France.Along the Trout River Road, in Godmanchester Township are some of the best farms of the district, among whom may be mentioned Gilbert MacMillan, Anthur, MacDonald, Pease .and the Tannahills.We called on Mr.Hugh Tannahill who was good enough to delay hauling oats for half an hour so that we might look over some of his Holsteins.His herd bull is a son of Mr.Hardy\u2019s great bull \u201cThe King of the Pontiacs\u201d, and is a large well- proportioned animal of which the owner may feel proud.There is also a promising young bull that is the grandson of \u201cMay Echo Sylvia\u2019.Mr.Tannahill conducts a dairy farm, but on account of lack of help his herd of milking cows has been reduced to twenty.The milk is shipped May Echo Sylvia, owned by Mr.H.Tannahill, Grandson of y Trout River Road.Pieterje Pontiac Klondyke, the two year-old Holstein heifer; first prize Ormstown Show as Senior Calf; owned by D, H.Brown, and Son.to Montreal.He has also 26 head of young cattle.In the township of Elgin the name of Brown is well and favourably known.D.H.Brown, of Glenelm has for many years been a Holstein breeder and dairy farmer, but he has also given much time to matters relating to the improvement of the township.He was one of the first to take up the question of better roads in a practical way and have them made.The Milbrook Stock Farm of D.H.Brown and Sons contains over fifty head and many choice animals.The herd sire \u201cGano Faforit Posch\u201d is eight years old, and has taken many prizes.The two-year-old heifer, Pieteje Korndyke, is a fine type of the herd, and was first prize at the Orms- town as a senior calf.Her sire is Oleana Pontiac Korndyke and her dam is Milbrook Pieterje B.The bull calf sired by Dutchland Colontha Ceremona of Osler\u2019s herd at Bronte gives evidence of being an outstanding animal.His dam is Queen IV of Osler\u2019s Herd his grand-dam holds the record for eight months, and his dams\u2019 sister the record for three months.His pedigree contains eleven Canadian Championships.much work can be done in driving small machinery.In Dundee Township we called upon Mr.Stirret Cameron, near St.Agnes, who operates a farm of 135 acres in such an efficient manner that he won the silver medal not long ago in the Farm Merit competition, Mr, Cameron specializes in Ayrshires and Leicesters.The chief factors of his success, it seemed to us, are thoroughness, attention to business, good crops and good stock.We spent an afternoon in the eastern side of .the County and called on Mr.W.J.Moe, and Mr.Jos.Beaudin, of Franklin.Mr.Beaudin Operates a butter factory and is interested in fruit-growing.The Government uses part of his orchard as an Experiment orchard, where demonstrations will be conducted for the benefit of thz fruit-growers of the locality.Barn of F.L.Brown, Elgin Township.Near Havelock we called at Mr.Waddell\u2019s to examine his orchard which was usea as a demonstration orchard for four or five years.We found that a good crop of apples was in sight, in spite of the fact that nearly all of his Ben Davis trees had been winter killed.Mr.Waddell had sprayed his Barns of Stirret Cameron of St.Agnes de Dundee.A call was also made on Mr.Frank L.Brown, who is also a Holstein breeder.His herd contains 45 animals, young and old, of which 16 are milking.The milk is shipped to the Guaranteed Pure Milk Co., Montreal.His farm consists of 100 acres of cultivated land and fifty acres of pasture for young stock.Mr.Brown has recently installed an electric lighting plant for his house and barns, which gives good satisfaction.The cost of the equipment was $600.00 and the cost of operating the motor and generator is only 15c per day.This equipment is one that should appeal to most farmers on account of its value and cheapness.Its installation should be a labour-saver both in the house and the stables, for with its 2% horse-power motor Two fine Holsteins, Sired by Gano, owned by D.H.Brown and Son.trees five times, with the result that he will have almost a perfect crop \u2014 free from scab and insect.Mr.Petch, Field Officier of the Entomological Branch, Ottawa, has conducted an experiment to determine the relative merits of dust and liquid spraying.He found both methods equally efficient, both giving perfect fruit, We also called on Mr.Geo.B.Edwards, of Covey Hill, the veteran fruit-grower of the district.He said he had a fairly good crop of fruit and had sold the crop on the trees for $2000.00.In doing so he was relieved of all trouble and expense of picking, packing and hauling.Home of Mr.Joseph Beaudin, Franklin, Huntingdon, Co. Lo \u201c 92 THE JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE AND HORTICULTURE Notwithstanding the losses of trees during the winter, most of the fruit-growers all the way from Franklin to Covey Hill will realize handsome sums for their orchards this year.W.L.REPORT OF THE EXPERIMENTAL FARMS Contains many valuable Memoranda for the intelligent Farmer.HE latest report of the Dominion Experimental Farms has just been issued.It is much smaller than previous issues and is devoted to actual results with little elaboration of details.The director, Mr.J.H.Grisdale, states in the introduction that the total value of all the field crops grown in 1916 is estimated at $808,054,000, as compared with $841,297,500 ,the revised estimate for 1915, crop conditions being less favourable than in the former year.The report includes returns and various memoranda for the year on the work of the Central Experimental Farm and eighteen branch farms and stations.The work covers a wide field of experimentation.Among the more important statements made is that three varieties of sugar beets were grown on seventeen farms and that the work has conclusively shown that beets of excellent quality for sugar extraction have been produced in the larger number of provinces.The importance of this is manifest in the fact that the sugar beet has been the basis of improved agriculture in Europe and particularly in Germany.PROBLEM OF FERTILIZER.Special attention is being paid to the vital problem of fertilizers\u2014Ilime which varies for this purpose in the value of deposits, marl, potash, mucks and muds, seaweed, fish guano and forage crops.The great scarcity of potash is referred to, making the analysis of wood ashes and ashes from various industrial processes, of city garbage, natural organic deposits, of peat as an absorbent litter, of the efficiency of nitrate of soda and sulphate of ammonia as sources of nitrogen and of acid phosphate, basic slag and bone meal as sources of phosphoric acid, of particular interest.In regard to commercial fertilizer as a part substitute for barnyard manure, four-year rotations are uséd in the experiments of no manure and of mixed fertilizers, and the results show a distinct advantage in using barnyard manure alone over commercial fertilizers alone for the soil, but indicates a possibility of combining the two when barnyard manure is scarce or high-priced.Shallow ploughing and subsoiling versus deep ploughing were tried and failed to show any decided advantage in either method.LIVE STOCK PROBLEMS Because live stock has the greatest possibilities of any branch of agriculture in future development of the country the report of the division of animal husbandry is peculiarly important.The horses which do all the farm work are thoroughbred and grade Clydesdales.The pure bred dairy herds are Ayrshires, French-Canadian, Holstein, and Jersey, with Shorthorns for beef.It is stated that a very successful year had been com- pieted in the investigation of milking machines, of which there are six kinds in uses.A number of new phases of dairy cattle feeding experimental work was undertaken.An investigation into the most successful succulent roughages for summer feed, largely a comparison of ensilage versus soiling crop ; the study of the protein values of various concentrated meals on the market and the amount which might profitably be fed to milch cows; a study of the comparative values of roots of various classes for feeding for milk purposes, and a continuation of the work of investigating the most economical methods of calf-feeding.It is interesting to note in the dairy cow returns, of which very minute records are kept, that the Holstein gave the largest in the average of milk produced and the second largest profit.The Grade Holstein which gave the second largest product in milk made the largest profit.The Jersey which was the second lowest in milk production, and highest in the percentage of butter fat, was the third on the list of seven in profit.Breeding of sheep is carried on on a small scale, Shropshires and Leicesters being the most successful.In swine, Yorkshires, Berkshires and Tamworths are bred and it is stated that \u201cmany experts claim that there are at this farm some of the finest breeding sows in Canada.\u201d Several lines of investigational work in the feeding of swine have been conducted.APPLES AND PLUMS For the horticultural division, it is reported that \u201cthere is now such a large proportion of really hardy varieties of apples in the orchards at Ottawa that good crops are assured on some varieties practically every year, as the hardiest sorts are more regular bearers than those which, at Ottawa, are nearer the northern limit of their successful culture.\u201d A number of new varieties of apples, all well suited to some locality or other, have been originated at the Farm, of which twelve varieties are mentioned.The plum is indigenous to Canada and the very great importance of having more and better varieties of hardy plums is admitted.The European \u2018blue\u2019 plum is not hardy enough for parts of Canada, but the native Canadian and American wild plums, though not as good in quality, are nevertheless very desirable.The first orchards of apples, pears, plums, peaches, cherries, apricots and small fruits were set out at Summerland, B.C., in 1916, and as irrigation is an essential there, experiments are being carried out in irrigating the fruit trees.Fruit in the experimental stations in the Middle West is being grown, experimentation being carried on with the view of determining what hardy varieties of apples can successfully be maintained.Cross-bred varieties appear to have the best chance of survival.For instance, at the station at Lethbridge, where in the winter of 1915-16 ordinary commercial varieties were killed with the frost, the crossbred varieties remained uninjured.NEW WHEAT RECORDS In connection with the cereal division, experimental work in various grains is outlined.An interesting reference is made to Marquis wheat, which has again given remarkable returns.\u201cLast year,\u201d the report states, \u201cit created what is probably a world\u2019s record for the yield of spring wheat from a large field, when a farmer in Southern Alberta harvested 54,395 bushels from 1,000 acres of land.Such a wonderful yield would scarcely he credited were it not properly attested by trustworthy persons.\u201d In regard to the new varieties, \u201ca few extraordinarily promising sorts of cereals and peas are being tried at other localities on the branch experimental farms.It is expected, in the near future, at least, one new variety of hulless barley and one of hulless oats and one of early ripening hard, spring wheat will be introduced to the public.\u201d With a view to the resumption at an early date of the important researches in milling and baking, a new and superior experimental flour mill has been purchased to replace an old oii that was burned.\u201cThe new mill,\u201d the report states, \u2018is capable of grindling rapidly and satisfactorily quite small amounts of wheat thus enabling us to make flowr from varieties of which only a few pounds of seed can be spared.\u201d IN BOTANY DIVISION The division of botany has a wide field of experimentation and investigation, which has been covered, in the more important instances, with work in respect of the powdery scab on potatoes which is now quite under control, pine blis\u2018er rust, the seriousness of which is now being universally recognized, and grain blister rust, regarding which a good deal of educational work has been done.Plots have been devoted to hemp, both for seed and fibre, soy beans now growing into importance as a universal food ; to castor plants, castor oil being one of the most commercial oils ; and to black and white mustard, these being the two chief mustards used in commerce.BEES Bees are kept at nearly all the stations and further study of the wild bees, believed to be instrumental in polinating alfalfa, was made by the Apiarist in the western province.Two experimental shipments of bees were received from breeders in Alabama.Many interesting experiments in the whole line of bee culture are recorded.FORAGE EXPERIMENTS Not the least important is the work of the forage plant division, forage plants being among the greatest factors in the development .of the live stock industry and of soil enrichment.The investigations and experiments included alfalfa, red clover, a variety of grasses and field roots.Forage crop experiments have extended as far even as the Yukon, where the necessity of cheaper feed is primarily important.Of especial interest to the seed-buying farmer is the question whether field- root seed grown in Canada is capable of producing as valuable crops as imported, many having the idea that they are not.To ascertain the truth by actual experience a number of experiments were À conducted with both imported and Canadian seed, grown side by side, and the result is stated that \u201cthe crop realized from the Ottawa-grown seed (from the ordinary grown seed without any selection at all) was, in the average, over ten per cent higher than the crop produced by the commercial seed\u201d, IN VARIOUS DIVISIONS The work of the poultry division is interesting and of a most useful character, being devoted to investigation and tests respecting the entire field of production and methods.The cultivation of tobacco is assuming important proportions, particularly in parts of Ontario, Quebec and British Columbia.We learn that the tobacco plant has its diseases, among them being root-rot, and another, the bacteria of which has been discovered to be \u201cThielavia basicola\u201d, which is peculiarly favoured by \u201csickly soils\u201d.The study of tobacco soils is made a specialty of.It has been noted that filler tobaccos gave products of finer texture than those of similar tobacco grown in Ohio.Unfortunately, however, we are told that it is by no means certain that one can find in Canada very large areas of soil comparing with those on which binder tobaccos are grown in the United States.CROPS OF THE PROVINCE OF QUEBEC HE Quebec Bureau of Statistics, in a Communication to the press, states the areas under cultivation, the number of live stock and poultry, the number of fruit-trees and the maple products, according to the inventory taken at the end of last June, with the help of the teachers or the rural schools of the Province.The figures relating to the cereal yield are provisional and may be somewhat modified by the reports of the agricultural correspondents at the end of October.COMPARATIVE AREAS SEEDED IN 1917 AND IN JANUARY 1918.In the foolowing lines, the areas under cultivation in 1917 are inserted between parentheses after those of 1918.The total area under cultivation is 13,485,458 acres (9,324,179 acres), distributed as follows ; wheat 365,670 acres (277,440 acres); oats 1,932,720 acres (1492,700 acres) ; barley 189,200 acres (165,600 acres); flax 7,357 acres (5,700) ; rye 29,060 acres (22,450 acres); peas 107,386 acres (66,457 acres) ; mixed grain 194,288 acres (122,819 acres); other grain 12,200 acres (18,711 acres) ; beans 109,800 acres, (55,157 acres) ; buckwheat 227,018 acres (163,577 acres) ; corn for husking 54,690 acres (74,339 acres) ; fodder corn 86,358 acres, (69,030 acres) 5 hay 4,533 266 acres (2,961,- 983 acres); potatoes 264,870 acres (226,917 acres); turnips, beetroots and swedes 95,526 acres (70,192 acres) ; green fodder 60,780 acres (49,746 acres); pastures 4,845,098 acres (2 685,098 acres (2,685,- 359 acres); alfalfa 4, 144 acres (3,318 acres) ; other crops not enumerated 39,587 acres (27,593 acres) ; fallow lands 192,660 acres (764,631 acres); kitchen-gardens 133,729 acres.AVERAGE YIELD OF CEREALS PER ACRE The following figures show the average yield per acre of the chief cereals according to reports received from agricultural correspondents at the end of last September.The figures relating to the year 1917 are entered between parentheses after those of 1918.Wheat 18.50 bushels (14.bushels) ; oats 29.25 bushels (21.75 bushels) ; barley 24.50 bushels (18.50 bushels) ; rye 18.75 bushels (16.75 bushels); peas 16.50 bushels (12.bushels) ; beans 18.25 bushels (15.bushels); buckwheat 21.25 bushels (16.50 bushels) ; mixed grain 27.25 bushels (21.25 bushels) flax 10.50 bushels (8.25 bushels) ; corn for husking 23.25 bushels (24.25 bushels).LIVE STOCK AND POULTRY Here also the figures relating to 1917 will be found entered after those of 1918 ; horses 496,811 (379,276); mik cows 1,163 865 (911,023) ; other cattle 1,245,819 (958,010) ; sheep 959,070 (849,- 148) ; swine 997,255 (272,087) ; Hens and chickens 4,944,021 ; other poultry 419,972.{All poultry 5 679,2TE).FRUIT-TREES AND MAPLE PRODUCTS The following figures give a fairly accurate estimate of the number of fruit-trees and of the quantity of maple syrup and sugar gathered last spring : pear-trees 24,401 ; cherry-trees 406,036 ; apple-trees 1,419,720 ; plum-trees 283,039.The maple products were 10,173,622 pounds of sugar.1,928,201 gallons of syrup.By converting the syrup into sugar, the maple yield amounts to 29,455,632 pounds of sugar, and by estimating this product at .15 a pound, the total yield is worth $4,418,344.Quebec, Nov, 14th 1918. THE JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE AND HORTICULTURE 93 LIVE STOCK THE NATIONAL DAIRY SHOW Honors come to Quebec Ayrshire Breeders.HE best exhibit in years characterizes the 1918 National Exhibit.Exceeded in numbers only by the Jerseys, five Ayrshire exhibitors put forward 71 animals which for uniformity and quality exceeded that of any other breed shown.The exhibit was international in character, Canada entering two herds exhibited by R.R- Ness and Gilbert McMillan of Quebec, while American breeders were represented by The Newton Farms, Massachusetts; Adam Seitz, Wisconsin; and Wendover Farms, New Jersey.: prize senior calf last year and has developed exceedingly well.Admiral Beatty of Wendover, owned by Wen- dover Farms a bull of great quality, topped the senior bull calf class with the Seitz entry, Cavalier\u2019s Netherhall Chancellor, in second place, followed by Wendover\u2019s entry, May\u2019s Mintmaster of Wen- dover, McMillan\u2019s Springburn Ringmaster, and Newton Farms\u2019 Ringmaster\u2019s Braeburn Diplomat, five great young bulls.The Admiral is sired by Admiral Beatty.one of the greatest sires which ever left Scotland and which was lost while en route to South Africa.The dam is last year\u2019s 3-year-old winner, Nethercraig Gay Lass, now on test and Burnside Randy 3rd.Owned by R.R.Ness, Howick.A Prize winner at .the National Dairy Show.The bull classes were light in numbers but brought .out some real classy individuals.In the aged bull class McMillan\u2019s Lessnessock Golden Love grand champion at Ottawa this year, annexed the blue over the Newton entry.Cavalier\u2019s Kenford Ringmaster.The McMillan entry was shown to a littie better advantage.Both bulls scaled about 1900.The Newton entry was a trifle cleaner cui and better on his feet; the McMiilan entry showing better in front, a trifle better in head and neck, and carrying his lines to better advantage.Cavalier\u2019s Lord Roseberry owned by Seitz had no competition in the 3-year-old class.In the two-year-old class last year\u2019s grand champion again demonstrated his worth, placing over the Ness entry, Holehouse Hopeful.Lord Stuart has the honor of winning first in his class for three consecutive years.He is by the former grand champion, Gay Cavalier, and out of that great show cow.Carston Lady Mary Stuart.A.Champanton Henney, imported and owned by R.R.Ness, was a prize winner of the aged cow class.Maple Leaf Jean, Prize winner at the National Dairy Show, owned by Gilbert MacMillan, Huntingdon.In the special class for bulls two years and over, Lord Stuart was awarded first place, winning over Lord Roseberry and Lessnessock Golden Love.The yearling bull class brought out two entries, Nancy\u2019s Mintmaster owned by Wendover Farms placing over the Ness entry, Burnside Denty Piece.Nancy's Mintmaster was easily the outstanding entry of the show, a bull of great scale, wonderful quality, and perfect lines, carrying a great middle and wonderful strength of shoulder.He was first expected to make a record for the breed.Newton Farms annexed the blue in the junior \u2018class with a youngster of great promise, Brae Burn Rising Tide.He is out of Nancy Whitehall the cow which recently topped the Brattleboro sale and which promises to break the junior four-year-old record.Senior champion was awarded the Seitz entry, Cavalier Lord Stuart, junior champion going to Wendover\u2019s entry, Nancy\u2019s Mintmaster, The battle Harleyholm White Rosie V\u2014Ist prize aged Ayrshire Cow, owned by R.R.Ness, Howick.for grand champion brought out two American bred animals, both of great merit.Last year\u2019s grand champion, however, had to take second place to the Wendover entry, Nancy\u2019s Mintmaster.The Seitz entry has not developed in scale as much as the younger bull and was excelled in quality and style and depth of flank.For the second year in succession an American bred animal wins the supreme male championship.In the female classes competition was not as keen as in former years except in the younger - classes.The Canadian entries made a sweep in the aged class, Ness winning first and second on his Imp.Harleyholm Rosie 3rd and Champanton Hen- ney and McMillan placing third with his dry cow, Maple Leaf Jean, Wendover following in fourth place with the A.R.cow, White Heather of Torr.Harieyholm White Rosie 3rd already had won grand champion of Canada.She is a cow of good scale, not just as strong in rump but with lots of constitution and capacity and a splendid udder with good sized teats.The McMillan entry showed to a disadvantage in being dry but is an animal which, if in condition, would be hard to beat.The four-year-old and three-year-old classes were won by Wendover on Wylieland\u2019s Clementine and Ness on Burnside Barbara.These classes were not over strong.In the two-year-oid class the judges had a problem.finally placing the McMillan entry, Auchenbrain Buntie 37th; over the Seitz heifer, Kilnford Dorothy, scale and udder being given preference over quality in this class.Wendover exhibited two heifers, both dry and a trifle highly conditioned, but the judges gave preference to the fresh animals.In the senior and junior yearlings Wendover won both blues, the classes being extremely strong.Seitz came back strong in the heifer calves, winning first and second and fourth in the senior and first in the junior.The calf classes were exceptionally strong throughout.The groups were all in favor of the Wisconsin exhibit, Seitz winning first in all groups except the assembled herd of 12 animals which went to the Canadian exhibit of Messrs.Ness and McMillan.The senior champion cow was easily won by the Ness aged cow, Harleyholm White Rosie 3rd which finally was awarded grand champion of the show over Seitz\u2019s junior champion, Cavalier\u2019s Hillhouse Rosebud.Harleyholm White Rosie 3rd is thus grand champion of Canada and the United States.She was sold at the New England sale in 1916 and imported by Hunter & Montgomerie and is owned by R.R- Ness of Quebec.Burnside Barbara, 1st prize, 3-year-old Cow in Milk, owned by R.R.Ness, Howick RATES 94 THE JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE AND HORTICULTURE In the A.R.classes Wendover won first on Hobsland Miss May in the junior class while Mc- Millan\u2019s Maple Leaf Jean won the blue in the senior class.Professor H.H.Kildee, Iowa, and Wm.Hunter, Ontario, placed the awards.Lessnesgock Golden Love, 1st prize Ayrshire Senior Bull, at National Dairy Show, owned by G.MacMillan, Huntingdon.Bull 4 years or over\u20141, McMillan on Imp.Less- nessock Golden Love; 2.Newton Farms on Cavalier\u2019s Kilnford Ringmaster.Bull 3 years and under 4\u20141, Seitz on Cavalier\u2019s Lord Roseberry.Bull 2 years and under 3\u20141.Seitz on Cavalier\u2019s Lord Stuart; 2, Ness on Holehouse Hopeful.Bull 1 year and under 2\u20141, Wendover Farm on Nancy\u2019s Mintmaster; 2, Ness on Burnside Denty Piece.Bull calf 6 months and under 12\u20141 and 3, Wendover Farm on Admiral Beatty of Wendover and May\u2019s Mint Masher of Wendover; 2, Seitz on Cavalier\u2019s Netherall Chancellor; 4, McMillan on Springburn Ringmaster; 5, Newton Farms on Ringmaster\u2019s Brae Burn Diplomat.Bull calf under 6 months\u2014I, Newton Farm on Brae Burn Rising Tide; 2 Seitz on Cavalier\u2019s Rising: Surprise; 3 and 4, Ness on Burnside Topoman and Burnside Bar None.Cow 5 years or over\u20141, 2, and 6, Ness on Imp.Harleyholm White Rosie 3rd, Imp.Champanton Henney, and Violet of Kelso: 3, McMillan on Maple Leaf Jean; 4, Wendover Farm on Imp- White Heather of Torr; 5.Seitz on Bargenock Silver Pet.Cow 4 years and under 5\u20141 Wendover Farm on Imp.Wyllieland Clementine 4th; 2 and 4, McMillan on Maple Leaf Lilly and Imp.Millerton Cherry; 3, Seitz on Willowmoor Whitehala; 5, Ness on Burnside Maggie Firleyston.Cow 3 years and under 4\u2014 1, Ness on Brunside Barbara; 2, Wendover Farm on Netherton Brown Canary; 3.Seitz on Cavalier\u2019s Lady Mary Stuart.Heifer 2 years and under 3\u20141, McMillan on Queen Bess; 3 and 6, Seitz on Cavalier\u2019s Kilnford Dorothy and Cavalier\u2019s Lady Bountiful; 3 and 5 Ness on Imp.Drumsine Primrose and Burnside Barbara 2nd; 4, Wendover Farm on Ryanogue Peggy's Lady.Heifers 18 mos., under 2 years\u20141 and 3, Wendover Farm or Ryanogue Tumpany and Barclay\u2019s Pride 2nd; 2 and 4, Seitz on imp.Buttercups Perfection and Cavalier\u2019s Kilnford Bell : 5 and 6, Ness on Burnside Randy 2nd and Burnside Lady Lucky 4th.Heifer 1 year and under 18 months\u20141, Wendover Farm on Barclay\u2019s White Flora 3rd; 2 and 3, Seitz on Cavalier\u2019s Kilnford Lily and Cavalier\u2019s Silver Dream; 4, Ness on Burnside Queen Mary.Heifer calf 6 months and under 12\u20141, 2, and 4, Seitz on Cavalier\u2019s Hillhouse Rosebud, Cavalier\u2019s Buntie Bell, and Cavalier\u2019s Silver Queen; 3, Ness on Burnside Randy 3rd; 5, Mc- Millan on Springburn Bell; 6, Wendover Farm on Wendover Brown Canary.Heifer calf under 6 months\u20141, 4 and 5, Seitz on Cavalier\u2019s Silver Actress, Cavalier\u2019s Lillian Walker, and Cavalier\u2019s Lady Betty; 2 and 3, Ness on Burnside Buntie 5th and Burnside Miss Courtney; 6, Newton Farms on Ringmaster Countess of Braeburn.Cow having official yearly record begun at 5 years or over\u20141, Wendover on Hobsland Miss May; 2, Imp.Lessnessock Dairy Loudoun, Cow having official yearly record begun under 5 years\u20141, Mec- Millan on Maple Leaf Jean; 2, Wendover on Imp.White Heather of Torr; 3.Seitz on Willowmoor Whitehala; 4, Ness on Burnside Maggie Finlayston.Exhibitor's Herd\u20141 and 4, Seitz; 2, Ness: 3, McMillan: Young Herd\u20141, Seitz; 2 Ness.Breeder\u2019s Calf Herd\u20141, Seitz; 2, Ness; 3, Newton Farms.Get of One Sire\u20141, 3, 4, Seitz; 2 and 6, Ness; 5, Newton Farms, Produce of One Cow\u20141, McMillan; 2.4, and 6, Seitz; 3, Ness; 5, Wendover Farm.Advanced Registry cow with two of her progeny\u2014 Wendover Farm.Dairy Herd\u20141, Ness.Senior Champion Bull\u2014Cavalier\u2019s Lord Stuart.Junior and Grand Champion Bull\u2014Nancy\u2019s Mint- master, Senior and Grand Champion Cow\u2014Imp.Harley- holm White Rosie 3rd.Junior Champion Cow \u2014 Cavalier\u2019s HilHlhouse Rosebud- Breeder and Exhibitor Winner of Most Money \u2014Seitz\u2014Hoard's Dairyman.STALLION INSPECTION IN QUEBEC UEBEC has been tardy in taking any steps with regard to enrciment and inspection of breeding stallions.In fact, this Province is the only one in the Dominion without any regu.a- tion controlling breeding stallions.Horse breeding in this Province deserves as much care and protection as in any other part of the Dominion.We have, without doubt in some \"parts, horses and stallions worthy of merit, but of other parts this cannot be said.Breeding theories have proved that animals of a certain type and conformation can be developed by following up certain lines of breeding.Moreover it is also proved that in animals certain physical weaknesses can be handed down by breeding.Thus it follows, in horse raising,-we must have quality and to get this we must breed from stallions of quality, and to secure the use throughout the Province of this class of animals we must have enrolment and inspection.: A movement on the part of the breeders is necessary and should be given every support, particularly by the breeders of purebred high class animals.Their influence, if properly organized, would mean much to the horse industry at this time.One of the dangers at hand is the fact that Ontario and the West have had enrolment and inspection for a number of years, and after the season 1918 no more grade stallions will be allowed to be used for breeding purposes within their boundaries.As a result of this a certain percentage at least will find their way into Quebec and come into competition with Quebec stallions.A stallion that is not good encugh for Ontario should not be good enough for Quebec.Are the breeders in Quebec willing to stand by and see a condition such as this without putting forth an effort to prevent it ?High class breeding animals are in good demand and Quebec breeders should strengthen the reputation of their horses by the compulsory use of only purebred sires of undoubted quality.These would quickly come to the attention of outside buyers and stimulate a greater trade for quality animals.After considering the situation carefully, we find the Province of Quebec rather adversely situated with regard to the immediate elimination of grade stallions.In certain parts of the Province we find a great many purebred animals of the highest quality, while in other parts we find but a few purebred stallions of inferior quality, and a superabundance of scrub grade stallions of no breeding whatever.It thus follows that we cannot immediately remove all grade and inferior purebred stallions, but what can be done is the removal of the poorer quality of scrub grades at once, and the gradual removal of the remainder in the course of a few years.The Ontario Stallion Enrolment Board divided the stallions of their province into four classes: \u2014 1st.Sound Purebred Stallion.2nd.Unsound Purebred Stallion.3rd.Sound Grade Stallion.4th.Unsound Grade Stallion.To-day they have done away with classes 3 and 4.This leaves thein with none but purebred horses for breeding purposes, with the ultimate result that in a few years the quality of horses will be greatly improved, and purebred animals will predominate.Breeders, Horsemen, Lovers of Horses, every one, the time is ripe when some legislative measure should be taken to increase the quality of the horses, and help them hold their own with those of other Provinces in the Dominion, N.E.McEWEN, B.V.S.\u201cThere is this great point in favor of dairying: It brings in revenue every month of the year, and in every month the dairyman knows just what his income from that source is going to be.\u201d PASSING OF A VETERAN BREEDER Holstein-Friesian fanciers throughout all Canada will learn with regret of the tragic death of the veteran breeder, Mr.A.C.Hallman, Breslau, Ont.Mr, Hallman was one of the earliest to take up with the Black-and-White breed in Canada and was one of the few survivors of the band who organized the Holstein-Friesian Association of Canada in 1883.For thirty-five years he was a prominent figure in the business, winning many prizes in the show ring in earlier days, and officiating as judge at our largest shows in more recent years.He was a past president of the Association, and for years had acted as one of its auditors.He was active in municipal affairs in his own county of Waterloo and was mentioned for parlimentary honors at the last general election.Mr.Hallman was fatally injured by a fall from the top of his silo and died on October 16th at the age of fifty-nine years.His strong common sense and wise counsel will be greatly missed at future meetings of the Holstein-Friesian Association.Mrs.Hallman, his capable helpmate for many years, will have the sincere sympathy of a host of friends in her sad bereavement.THE GENERAL BREEDERS\u2019 ASSOCIATION SALES HE General Breeders\u2019 Association of the Province of Quebec held its ninth annual sale of purebred stock at Montreal on October 16th, and at Quebec on October 23rd.Owing to the unfortunate prevalence of the influenza epidemic at the time of the sales the results were less satisfactory than in previous years.The attendance was only about one third as great as usual.However, considering these unfavourable circumstances, and the young age of the animals offered, (nearly all were less than one year old) there is little occasion for disappointment.The Society sold 235 animals comprising 71 head of cattle (11 French Canadians, 45 Ayrshires, and 15 Holsteins).114 sheep and 50 swine.The following table shows the number of each breed sold at each place, and the maximum, minimum, and average prices realized: \u2014 \u2014 g x 7 5 = v = 2 Ë 8 ë ë 2 g Ex = 2 B 8 \u2014Q ne 2 56s 3 SE EF SE 3) 7°= & = 8 = a vessed that these islands would to a \u201crge extent produce their own food inplies in the future, and that if anadian agriculture, which hitherto tad lived upon the demand from the \u2018jritish islands, was not to decay, : nada must build up a large urban 2d manufacturing population, whose -mand for foodstuffs would replace ie demand from this side of the \u201clantie.\u201cQuestions of great interest are -ised when we consider this.If these i.:onds are to become self-supporting \u201c1 the matter of food, the economic vue of the imperial connection to the \u201cuinions will be lessened.In fight- .: to support Great Britain, they w re fighting for the continued exist- ce of their own best market.If {iat Britain reduces its purchase of tsodstuffs from the colonies by 50 or 7: per cent, it follows inevitably that \u2018 dominions must reduce their pur- «ses of manufactured articles from tout Britain, for all international {le is a matter of exchange, for :\u201d woods are not paid for by other :- ls they must be paid for in gold, ', as there is not enough gold for a \u201cne-sided trade, the trade soon cea- it seems to us that Great Britain, iich is mainly a manufacturing « ntry, must make up its mind bet- \u201ccu two policies, each with its own Fingers, Either, to insure its safety :; future wars, it will insist on home r.luction of food, and by doing so rive the dominions of the main «venomie advantage derived from their union in the empire, with the + +sequent result that they must either Le « for other markets or transform + mselves into self-supporting coun- \u2018+s, manufacturing for themselves x: 1 producing food for their own ple rather than for export ; or, «1 the other hand, if Great Britain si-ires to retain its trade with the \u2018sninions, getting food and raw ma- tals from them and paying for i\" \"se in manufactured articles, if it n.opts this policy it must be prepared visk the peril of another war with : marine and aerial powers of at- +} on its commerce greatly developed ix the difficulty of balancing these vrious interests which makes it very \u201cI'ficult to foretell with any certainty vo tly what Great Britain\u2019s agricul- ti.wl policy will be after the wart i vo \u201cJf course, nations may formulate pr vies and find circumstances are ar nst carrying them out.Even if Gout Britain yielded to what we in.iyine would be the desire of its m \u2018ufacturers and its labor popula- tic.and invited (as before the war) fo?producers in the dominions to sei.i their food over here, it seems to 1: very probable that the home farm.< will be able to meet the compe- tim for the simple reason that for a s«ry long time after the war the exchange will be against Great Britain | that is, its exports will be less by hurireds of millions than its imports.This was so before the war, but the balance was made up by Great Britain heing a creditor country, and hav- Ing billions of pounds of investments abroad, the interest on which kept the balance.\u201cBut the majority of these investments have been sold since the war began, and during the war loans have been floated in the United States to finance the payments, But a country no more than an individual can go on living on loans and paying its way by borrowing money.There comes a time for nations when they must pay by work for work, by goods for goods ; for they can not pay in gold, and there would not be enough gold in any country to pay its foreign creditors for long if there were large adverse balances in the trade.So, as we believe that the exchange will for a considerable number of years be against Great Britain, it follows that the cost for imported goods, raw materials or food will be high, and that whatever policy be adopted, farmers in these islands will be able to hold their own.It is worth while discussing these problems as a good deal of the future economic prosperity of Ireland depends on the answers to such questions.\u201cBut, whatever may be the policy adopted by Great Britain, we feel certain that the best policy for Ireland is to become self-supporting, and to draw upon the resources of Ireland for its own people, rather than importing feedingstuffs for man or beast.We believe, even if prices fall, that it Will pay farmers better to improve and perfect the machinery which they have been setting up since the war began to make themselves self-support- ing, rather than to revert to the old system which has proved so perilous.We hope that they will go on with local milling, local bacon curing, grain growing, etc.and will continue the policy now being adopted of making the district feed the district, and the nation feed the nation.Farmers are already finding out how much they have improved their position and the security of their farming by home production of what was formerly imported.\u201cEven if agricultural prices fall after the war, which is very doubtful, farmers must bear in mind that there will be an equal fall in articles which they consume\u2014that machinery, clothes furniture, oil, coal, etec., will fall simultaneously, and that one fall will offset the other.But we still think that prices will go higher than at present, and will remain high long after the war, and it is doubtful whether the only fall which will take place after the war will not be a fall in the value of money.The sovereign in all probability after the war, will have the buying power of seven and sixpence before the war.Incomes, prices and wages will be inflated.People will seem to be wealthier, measured in the terms of currency, but in all probability will be much poorer if their wealth be measured by any real standard\u2014that is, if measured by the money equivalent in clothing, boots, food, etc.The national debt will be reduced not by repayment, but by a general inflation of nominal incomes, so that the sum which appears vast today will appear relatively much smaller than it would when considered from a pre-war standpoint.\u201cOn the whole, farmers will come out well under after-war conditions if they maintain and strengthen their organization and become masters in their own house.\u201d IX ' \"HE high reputation enjoyed | A by oe Chevrolet, has been won by its good record.More } ople buy the Chevrolet \u201cFour- Ninety\u201d today because - the many thousands now\" in\u2019.use | are giving such good service, | 2 UI is even better \u2018than its prede- Dh i | A | | I cessor.See the Chevrolet line AIA be bil: Wd of Motor Cars at the nearest D mern : FT Serr os A N cu] J dealer's show rooms, ai CHevroLET Motor Co.Op CANADA {4 _ FROM COAL OH Beats E LIGH a Gas or Electric You can now make your home bright and cheerful and SAVE ONE-HALF ON OIL.Tests by Government and leading Uni- A versities prove this wonderful new Aladdin is nearly five times JA as efficient as the best round wick flame lamps.BURNS 70 HOURS ON ONE GALLON common coal oil.No odor, smoke or noise, no pumping up, easy to operate, won't explode.Won GOLD MEDAL.Guaranteed.TRY IT 10 NIGHTS FREE Prove for yourself without risk that this remarkable white light has no equal.If not entirely satisfied, return it at our expense, ul $1000 REWARD will be given to anyone who shows us an oil = lamo equal in every way to this new Aladdin.y We want one user in each locality RE YOURS to whom we can refer customers.In that way you may get your own without cost.Write quick for à 10 DAY FREE TRIAL OFFER and learn how to get one FREE.K I MANTLE LAMP CO, 278 Aladdin Bidz., MONTREAL OR WINNIPEG i RT Ld LARGEST COAL OL.MANTLE LAMP HOUSE IN THE WORLD i ._Our trial delivery plan mak MAKE MONEY SPARE (255 NO MONEY NÉCESSARY.We start yoo.Sample.tout TIME OR FULL TIME! for 10 days\u2019 trial and GIVEN FREE when you become a distributor.Farmers and Breeders Who wish to keep their horses and cattle strong and healthy, should always have on hand a supply of OM A ZON The Canadian medicinal stock food for Horses, Cattle, Sheep, Hogs and Poultry.It will help to economize on feed, and, owing to its sovereign tonic and curative virtues, will keep the stock strong, healthy and free from many ailments.Omazon increases the quantity of milk and its richness.CA] .PIGS AND POULTRY OMAZON FOOD Order from your dealer.If he hasn\u2019t it in hand, he will be Ta OR TE pleased to obtain it for you.DR.ED.MORIN & CO, LIMITED, - - QUEBEC, CANADA.J ONTARIO BUSINESS COLLEGE, LIMITED, BELLEVILLE, ONTARIO.Each year many students from Quebec attend O.B.C.to receive the BEST BUSINESS TRAINING This College is famed for its thorough courses; superior text-books; skilled, experienced instructors; frequent examinations; moderate fees; attractive, healthful surroundings; great demand for graduates, etc.Write for free, descriptive catalogue to Belleville, Ont.J.W.JOHNSON, F.C.A,, Principal, ERE Ah MEPIS ames wr X THE JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE AND HORTICULTURE pir san ays 5 Sy TRE TI CF A AIT à SAI Aer Yoo = SERIE VAR oN = aa CT x 2° > a at nd I, 3 - Toa ae Seth reve J cd.- oe ee SRE, CR SA CY Ere cS > 5 £a ;.Xe Fein Re : tt Rete TE Ne pS \\ a st j es 55) i 2 à Te 3 Je a I NI ES A OS ed in &, ares Les xt SH FAL BEA gra NS op = SES 3 IAS ot) AB ve 7 7 que A .ui cr A C9 hs Malad Sr A 4 Ne qe 33 Zieh Re [ oil auld i 2ke \u2018Your Furs at Once to ATI For Highest Cash Prices RIGHT now you have accumulated a fair sized bundle by mail almost ever Since they have been in business.Itis this policy : ; of honest dealing and absolutely fair treatment that has made Taylor .of furs.And right at the present moment oF the \u201cAmerica\u2019s Greatest Fur House.\u201d For trappers appreciate fair treat- time to get them to market.1s 1s the period of the ment, They keep on shipping to Taylor.And they tell their friends year when furs are in great demand.Buyers are in the to ship there, too.Every promise Taylor makes is made good; for market now for their heaviest purchases.Take advantage of it.Skip there is the full Taylor responsibility back of it\u2014a reputation too today.Get the high prices that exist at the present time.dearly bought to risk.Ship to Taylor.Why It Pays to Ship to Taylor Every Day, Is \u201cPay Day\u201d Profits don\u2019t depend entirely on the quality of your furs, Your re- a aylor\u2019s turns come from getting the best grading out of your catch.Good fuis hin to Tavl might bring you comparatively little if you shipped them to a concern When you s iD to Taylor, you get your that has not proper facilities for handling them.We know furs\u2014 money at once.There are no sats.Your that\u2019s been our business for half-a-century\u2014and most important of furs aregraded as soon as they are all\u2014we know how to sell furs.received, their value reported to fil Sometimes a skin needs just a little fixing to make it worth con- our Treasury department and fn siderable more.Often just a little right handling by an expert will Your check goes to You as 977 i i ; fast as the mail will take so make it good enough to get into a better grade.And when that is it.Six of St.Louis\u2019 pa gE » 4 ne done, you get a higher price.> LL medium for making the farm cheerful, comfortable and home like.Ÿ \u2018 The Northern Electric Lighting System will, we believe, be as much of a blessing to the farm as the telephone has been ; it will furnish Better, Brighter and Safer Lighting, for the Rural Home; IT WILL MAKE IT A HOME.\u2019 The Northern Electric Lighting System is THE PLANT of Farm Lighting efficiency and is the result of years of painstaking study and experiments.The equipment comprises the generator, switchboard and storage battery complete.You use your own engine, if you have one; if not, we will supply a plan with either a gasolene or kerosene-burning engine.Think what a benefit equipment will be to you and your family.Think of the odorless, fireless, dirtless and safe method of lighting your house, your barn, and your i other buildings.Think of those long, comfortable winter evenings.Think of every comfort and cheerfulness of the city brought to your own country home.The Telephone, the Electric Light, the Electric Toaster, the Electric Iron, etc., ete.N We urge those who believe vhat there is a need for a safer and better way of lighting the CA A ~~ bye 7 a Ar ver Zr) A SI A rea $A pK DA or house and barn than with the dangerous coal oil lanmp and lantern to investigate the Northern Electric Lighting System.+, Write our house nearest you for full descriptive literature.If you do not intend