Rapport de l'Archiviste de la province de Québec, 1 janvier 1942, 1942-1943

[" BBCBfrTABIAT PB LA PB0VP10B RAPPORT Dfl L'ARCHIVISTE DE LA PROVINCE DE QUÉBEC POUR 1942-1943 RÉDEMPTÏ PARADIS Impeimeub de Sa Majesté le Rot 1943 Province de Québec CABINET DU MINISTRE Québec, 30 décembre 1943.A Sir Eugène Fiset, Kt, C.M.G., D.S.O., \" Lieutenant-gouverneur de la province de Québec.Monsieur le Lieutenant-gouverneur, J'ai l'honneur de vous soumettre le rapport de l'archiviste de la province de Québec pour 1942-1943.J'ai l'honneur d'être, Monsieur, Votre très dévoué serviteur, Hector Perrier, Secrétaire de la Province. Québec, 29 décembre 1943.A l'Honorable M.Hector Perrier, Secrétaire de la Province de Québec Monsieur le ministre, J'ai l'honneur de vous présenter le Rapport de l'Archiviste de la Province de Québec pour 1942-1943.C'est le vingt-troisième de la série commencée en 1920-1921, par Monsieur Pierre-Georges Roy.Pour l'utilité des chercheurs et des historiens, j'ai dressé la liste complète et méthodique de-tous les documents, inventaires, répertoires, recensements, correspondances, mémoires, lettres, actes notariés, photostats, reproductions, pièces diverses, etc., etc., qUi font la matière de ces vingt-trois gros volumes.Elle sera publiée prochainement.* * * 1 Au cours de l'année écoulée, le personnel des Archives, tout en continuant son travail de classification, de mise en place et d'analyse de documents et de dossiers, a du faire des recherches nombreuses et souvent assez longues pour répondre aux milliers de demandes de renseignements qui nous viennent de partout et.qui appartiennent aux sujets les plus divers. vin archives de québec La bibliothèque des Archives s'est augmentée au cours de l'année de plusieurs centaines de volumes, dont quelques-uns d'une grande rareté.Plusieurs séries de revues et de journaux ont été complétées, et.des photographies et reproductions de gravures et cartes géographiques rares ont été - ajoutées à nos collections.Je suis heureux de vous faire part du don qu'a bien voulu nous faire M.A.Whitchurch Little, de Montréal, d'une série complète du Montreal Churchman, de 1912 à 1943.* * * Dans la série de nos Inventaires, nous publions cette année les volumes III, IV et V des Répertoires des.Greffes de Notaires-dtt Régime Français.Les actes de notaires sont des sources précieuses pour l'histoire de notre pays.De plus en plus, ceux qui s'occupent d'histoire du Canada y ont recours.Ils ne pourront donc qu'accueillir avec joie la publication de nos nouveaux Répertoires qui simplifieront singulièrement leurs recherches.* * * Le Bulletin des Recherches Historiques, organe de nos Archives, entrera en janvier 1944 dans sa cinquantième année de publication.En effet, c'est en janvier 1895 que paraissait la première livraison du Bulletin- qui devait s'occuper exclusivement d'histoire du Canada.Depuis, il a apporté, à ses lecteurs, chaque mois, une moisson abondante de faits historiques, grands et petits.Un demi-siècle de vie pour une revue canadienne c'est une période relativement longue.Que de revues, chez nous, sont mortes quelques années et, encore plus souvent, quelques mois après leur naissance! Le Bulletin des Recherches Historiques a été fondé et dirigé depuis sa fondation par.M.Pierre-Georges Roy, archiviste consultant de la Province. archives de québec ix Le Bulletin est un outil de travail absolument nécessaire à tous ceux qui veulent étudier notre histoire un peu à fond.Les quarante-neuf volumes parus traitent de centaines et de centaines dé problèmes d'histoire canadienne.Le R.P.Le-Jeune, auteur des deux gros volumes qui constituent le Dictionnaire général du Canada, a eu l'honnêteté de noter au bas de chaque article de son immense travail ce qu'il devait au Bulletin.A chacune de ses pages et souvent plusieurs fois dans la même page, il donne crédit au Bulletin.Et combien d'autres auteurs canadiens sont redevables au Bulletin de renseignements précieux! Pour leur part, nos Archives doivent beaucoup au Bulletin des Recherches Historiques.La haute autorité dont il jouit dans notre Province, dans les provinces Voisines et même aux Etats-Unis, leur a été très profitable.Il nous a permis de nouer des relations utiles avec des douzaines de départements d'Archives du Canada et de l'étranger que nous n'aurions peut-être jamais pu atteindre sans son entremise.Pour toutes ces raisons, nos Archives, reconnaissantes, font des voeux pour que le Bulletin des Recherches Historiques continue à vivre de nombreuses années sous la direction de son fondateur et directeur, M.Pierre-Georges Roy.Pour répondre aux voeux unanimes des historiens et des chercheurs, qui consultent journellement le Bulletin, je suis à préparer l'index général des cinquante premiers volumes.La publication pourra en être faite, je crois, dès l'année prochai- On trouvera dans le Rapport que je vous soumets: I* La deuxième partie de l'inventaire de la correspondance de M\" Jean-Jacques Lartigue, préparé par M.l'abbé Adélard Desrosiers et qui couvre les années 1827-1832.2° Le Répertoire des Engagements pour l'Ouest, conservés dans les Archives X archives de québec Judiciaires de Montréal, 1788-1820, que nous devons à la grande obligeance de Monsieur E.-Z.Massicotte, conservateur des Archives Judiciaires à Montréal, et pour lequel nous lui réitérons ici nos plus sincères remerciements.Les répertoires déjà publiés par M'.Massicotte ont été très appréciés et nous sommes convaincus que celui-ci recevra le même accueil.3* Jacob Mountain First t,ord Bishop of Quebec.A Summary Of His Correspondence And Of Papers Related Thereto For The Years 1793 to 1799.La correspondance tant publique que privée a toujours été considérée comme une source par excellence de l'histoire.Aussi bien les chercheurs et les historiens salueront-ils avec joie l'apparition de ce sommaire de la correspondance de Jacob Mountain, premier lord évê-que de Québec, que nous devons au.Révérend A.R.Kelley.Son travail, fruit d'un patient et soigneux effort est un instrument indispensable à tous ceux qui voudront étudier l'église d'Angleterre au Canada et son premier évêque à Québec 4* Correspondance échangée entre la cour de France et le premier gouverneur de Vaudreuil.Une partie de cette correspondance a déjà été publiée dans les Rapports de 1938-39 et de 1939-40.* * * Permettez-moi,.Monsieur le Ministre, de vous offrir les remerciements du personnel des Archives, pour l'intérêt constant que vous portez à notre département.Nos remerciements vont également à M.Jean Bruchési, sous-secrétaire de la Province, qui ne nous a pas ménagé ses conseils et son aide.- Je vous prie de me croire, Monsieur le Ministre, Votre très dévoué serviteur, L'Archiviste de la Province, Antoine Roy DONS FAITS AUX ARCHIVES DE LA PROVINCE DE QUÉBEC EN 1942-1943 Avisais, Camille, Québec.Pièce de monnaie romaine.Bailey, S.-S., Montréal.Cap Badges of British Foot Regiments.Plusieurs numéros de \"The .Badger\".Beauregard, l'abbé André, Varennes.Plusieurs documents anciens.Belt, V.-Léon, Waterloo, Iowa.Monnaies américaines.Bixby, Mrs.Ray W., Omaha, Nebraska.Congé de traite du gouverneur Dorchester à Antoine Dufresne et Joseph Poupare (1190).Borduas, Jean-Rodolphe, Saint-Hyacinthe.La famille Pierre Borduas.Son ascendance, sa descendance.Don de l'auteur.Bruchési, Jean, Québec.Volumes'et brochures.Carrier, Louis, Montréal.Ancienne ecueUe d'étain.Chambre de Commerce Junior, District de Lévis.Regards sur la Région de Lévis, par Jean-Paul Roy.Ctnq-Maks, Alonzo, Longueil.Masque mortuaire d'Armand Lavergne. xii archives de québec Comeau, Noël, Québec.Manuel des Parents Chrétiens par l'abbé MaiUoux et Catéchisme.Cook, Mrs.J.-W., Montréal.Deux anciennes clefs de magasins militaires, à la Citadelle de Québec.Coverdale, William-H., Montréal.Catalogues of the Manoir Richelieu Collection of Canadiana and of North American Indians.Dobell, William, Québec.Gravure de sir John Macdonald par A.F.Patterson.DouvffiLB, Raymond, Troia-Rivières.Jean Riquart.Don de l'auteur.Dbotjin, Gabriel, Montréal.Copie photographique des registres de l'état civil de Kensington et Athelston, Que.Eglise Méthodiste 1906-1925, Eglise Unie 1928-1941.Duhamel, Roger, Montréal.Publications de la Société Saint-Jean-Baptiste de Montréal.Eno, Honorable Arthur L., Lowell, Mass.Bulletin de la Société Historique Franco-Américaine.Falardeau, Jean-Charles, Québec.Paroisse de France et de Nouvelle-France au XVII' siècle.Don de l'auteur.Germain, l'abbé Victorin, Québec.Articles et découpures de journaux.Godbout, R P.Archange, Montréal.Bulletin des Sociétés Historiques Canadiennes-françaises, 1942.Don de l'auteur.Grenier, Abbé Aimé, St-Bernard, Dorchester.Dictionnaire généalogique des familles de St-Bernard, Dorchester.Don de l'auteur.Hall of Records, Annapolis, Maryland.Catalogue of Archival Material \u2014 Hall of Records, State of Maryland. archives de québec xiii Habvey, D.C, Halifax.' Report of the Public Archives of Nova Scotia for 1042.Hébert, Mademoiselle Alice, Québec.Expéditions de deux actes notariés (1823 et 1864).Hospitalières de l'Hôtel-Dieu de Montréal, Montréal.Plusieurs numéros du journal de l'Hôtel-Dieu de Montréal.Justin, Rév.Père, Pointe-aux-Trembles, Montréal.Plusieurs brochures.Kelley, Canon A.R., Compton.Copies de documents.Laferté, Honorable Hector, Québec.Portraits et gravures.Lanctôt, Gustave, Ottawa.Rapport sur les Archives Publiques pour l'année 1942.L'EcLAiREUR, Beauceville.Edition Spéciale du journal l'Eclaùreur, sur la Beauce.La Devoir, Montréal.Plusieurs numéros du \"Devoir\".Leduc, Rév.Gilbert-F., Lewiston, Maine.Washington and \"The Murder of JumonvUie\".Don de l'auteur.Lefebvre, Jean-Jacques, Montréal.Plusieurs brochures.Lemieux, Antoine, Québec.Mosaïques des législatures de la Province de Québec, pour 1905, 1909 et 1912.Librairie Beauchemin, Montréal.Almanack du Peuple pour 1944.¦ ¦ '¦ ¦ - < ' ' ' ¦ ., University of Cambridge 1793.(Rowley, The Anglican Episcopate.) ARCHIVES DE QUÉBEC 193 France.Being deprived of family papers because of the expulsion of his greatgrandfather from France to England on the Revocation of the Edict of Nantes, and the family name having since been written by the descendants as Mountain, he Is unable to ascertain his Armorial Bearings.He has been appointed Bishop of Quebec and will have occasions to affix the Seal of that See to Episcopal documents.It has been usual for bishops to join with the Arms of their Sees those of their Families.He requests that the King of Arms confirm the Arms now used by the Mountain Family with such variations as may be necessary according to the Law of Arms.(PAO \u2014 Miscellaneous Documents, Originals \u2014 Vol.14, No.14.) George III.Letters Patent to Charles Duke of Norfolk (July 18, 1793).Whereas the Provinces of Canada have been constituted a Bishop's See and Jacob Mountain appointed thereto ; and whereas It has been usual from very early times for bishops to affix to all their episcopal Instruments an official seal composed of the Arms of their several Sees Impaled with their respective Family Arms ; the Duke of Norfolk as Earl Marshall is requested to command the Garter Principal King of Arms to devise Armorial Ensigns, for Jacob Mountain and his successors Bishops of Quebec, on Seals, Shields or otherwise, and to require that the said Armorial Ensigns be registered in the College of Arms.(PAC \u2014 Miscellaneous Documents, Originals \u2014 Vol.14, No.14.) George III.Mandamus to Lord Dorchester (July 17, 1793).The Grown authorizes Dorchester as Governor In Ohlef of Lower Canada to issue Letters Patent granting the Bishop of Quebec and his successors, the name, state, degree, style, dignity, title and honour of Lord Bishop of Quebec and its dependencies.The enrolment of these letters shall be effectual In law for investing Jacob Bishop of Quebec with title etc., of Lord Bishop of Quebec.The Grown further directs the Governor in chief to summon the Bishop of Quebec to the Legislative Council of Lower Canada by this title.(PAO \u2014 Series S, vol.41, p.107.) Rev.Samuel Peters to Rev.Samuel Parker of Boston, Mass.(Pimlico, London, July 21, 1793).He alleges two reasons for not having been appointed Bishop in Upper Canada : 1.Mr.Pitt wanted the living to pay for voters ; 2.Lord Dorchester opposed sending a bishop to Upper Canada while Lower Canada had! no bishop.He is now put off for another year, before bis appointment of two years' standing shall be made.The reasons,formerly given for not appointing him to Upper Canada were the need of arming against Spain, Russia and France.He alleges that the connection of the Mountain family with the Earl of Orford (1) Influenced those responsible for the appointment to Quebec He states that Lord (1; Horace Walpole, a descendant of Sir Robert Walpole, Whig Statesman, who became the first Earl of Orford in 1742, Inherited the title of Earl of Orford at this time.One of his employees was the father of Jacob Mountain, the first Bishop of Quebec.After the death of Jacob Mountain's - father, the Earl of Orford on three occasions proposed marriage to the widowed mother of Jacob Mountain, but without success.(De Brett's Peerage and Episcopate of Jacob Mountain, by H.0.Stuart, MS.copy in QDA.) 194 ARCHIVES DE QUÉBEC Dorchester has gone to Quebec very angry that Mr.Mongan or Mr.Toosey, nominated by Dorchester, was not appointed Bishop of Lower Canada.Perhaps one of them may be appointed to Upper Canada for the reason that he himself Is too old or was born In New England.(Boston \u2014 Massachusetts Diocesan Library.) J.King, Esq., Under-Secretary of State, to Rev.Philip Toosey (July 26, 1703).The Bishop of Quebec having signified his Intention to appoint Mr.Toosey his commissary, Dundas has consented and fixed the salary at £160 a year, to be considered as in lieu of aU retrospective claims.(PAO\u2014Q68, p.804.) Rev.Philip Toosey to J.King, Esq.(Bury, July 20, 1788).He accepts the office of commissary to the Bishop of Upper and Lower Canada, and the salary as a compensation for all claims for former services.(PAO\u2014Q66, p.806.) Sir Isaac Heard, Garter Principal King of Arms, to Bt Rev.Jacob Mountain (August 8, 1708).Granting him Armorial Ensigns for the See of Quebec of the following description : \" Perfess wavy azure and gules In chief, a book open proper \" clasped and ornamented gold ; upon the book a crosier in bend or ; in base a lion \"passant-gardant of the fourth, holding in the dexter paw a key erect argent; in \" a canton of the last a cross of the second between four corners patée-fltchée sa-\"ble.The book is an emblem of the gospel.The crosier of the consecrated char-\" acter of the Bishop of the See.The lion of England In the base supporting a \"key, indicates the .sacred confidence reposed by the Sovereign, as supreme head \" of the Church, In the Bishop and the undulated line is a symbol of the trans-\" atlantlo situation of the See.The cross of St George in the canton marks the \" delegation from the sovereignty of England, and the four corners patée-fltchée, \" being the part of the arms of the See of Canterbury, point out the subordination -\" of the Bishop of Quebec, as a suffragan to the Archiépiscopal See.\" (QDA\u2014AL) The Lords Commissioners of the Treasury to Lord Dorchester (Treasury Chambers, August 21, 1798).In obedience to the Commands of the Crown, they desire Dorchester to direct the Receiver of the Province of Lower Canada to pay to Dr.Mountain Bishop of Quebec an allowance of 2,000 pounds per annum out of the Provincial revenues to commence from the 20th of June, 1798, being the day of the Bishop's appointment to the See of Quebec (PAO\u2014G869, p 1.) Rev.PhJUp Toosey to J.King, Esq.(Bury, August 26, 1798).The frigate in which he was to take passage with the Bishop of Quebec having sailed, he requests leave of absence to make preparations for the settlement of his colony of agriculturists on the lands near Quebec (PAC \u2014 Q66, p.806.) Rev.John Doty to the Bishop of Nova Scotia (New York, August 26, 1798).He notifies the Bishop that he has consented to take charge of the Church of Brooklyn, Long Island, and requests the Bishop to date bis resignation of the Parish of Christ Church, William Henry (Sorel) from the month of March, 1794. ARCHIVES DB QUÉBEC 195 This opening was unexpected by him.(Same date).He writes to Rev.Dr.Horice, London.(London, SPG Letters.) * .r .-' .\u2022 - Rev.Philip Toosey to J.King, Esq.(Bury, October 1,1798).He has acknowledged receipt of letter communicating the offer of the Bishop of Quebec to be Commissary with a salary attached to the office.He asks the date when the appointment and salary are to begin.He hopes his leave of absence has been granted, and asks Mr.King to forward bis application to Dorchester.( PAC \u2014 Q66, p.809.) Rt.Hon-.Henry Dundas to Col.J.O.SImcoe (Whitehall,.October 2,1793)' (extract).AU reasonable encouragement may properly be given to suitable clergymen, and that such may not be left without support during the Intermediate period before the lands allotted for their support become productive, all grants of land are for the present subjected to tithes in order to enforce a reasonable subsistence for the clergy.(Enclosing Dorchester's letter of September 10, 1791, on, this subject).(Simcoe Papers, II, p.79.) The Hon.Richard Oartwrlght Jr.to (?) (October 14, 1793).Writing to his correspondrait upon the subject of the political situation in Upper Canada, he expresses his belief that, when a new government is to be formed, as in the present case in Upper Canada, among a people composed of every religious denomination, nlneteen-twentieths of whom are of persuasion different from the Church of England, to attempt to give to that Church the same exclusive political advantages that it possesses In Great Britain, and which are even there the cause of so much clamour, appears to him to be as impolitic as it is unjust.\" That these remarks may not be imputed to prejudice I think it necessary to mention that I am one of the small number of Churchmen in the Country.Seriously our good Governor is a little wild In bis projects, and seems to imagine that he can in two or three years put the country into a situation that it Is Impossible it can arrive at in a century.(Oct.1,1794).The Governor is a man of warm and sanguine temper that will not let him see any obstacles to bis views; he thinks every existing regulation in England would be proper here.Not attending sufficiently perhaps to thé spirit of the constitution, hé seems bent on copying all the subordinate establishments without considering the great disparity of the two countries in every respect.And it really would not surprise me to see attempts made to establish among us Ecclesiastical Courts, tithes and religious tests, though nine-tenths at least of our people are of persuasions different from the Church of England, although the whole have been bred in a country where there was the most perfect freedom in religious matters, and although this would certainly occasion almost a general emigration.\" (Life and Letters of R.Gartioright, p.62.) Rev.J.Doty to Rev.Dr.Morice, Secretary of the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel (William Henry, October 14, 1793).He gives his reason for wishing to leave William Henry and encloses a copy of his letter to the Bishop of Nova Scotia.(London, SPG Letters.) 196 ARCHIVES DE QUEBEC The Rev.Joli.Mountain, brother of Rt Rev.J.Mountain, to Mrs.Salter, Norwich, England ( Woodfield, November 2, 1703).\" We arrived at Quebec about two hours before daybreak yesterday, after having been on board the ship three months, except four days.Mrs.Mountain, the Bishop, my sister's servant and myself were seasick during the whole voyage.We have suffered by bad provisions for we were obliged to be stinted with respect to biscuit and water.We encountered many dangers \u2014 were chased by a French ship.Our beds were taken down, our guns loaded, the matches lighted and every preparation for action when we overtook the \"Beaver\", one of our convoy, and the French ship steered on a different course.We had the good fortune also to escape the French Fleet which was cruising In the Gulf of St Lawrence .The Attorney General came on board the vessel and we, the Bishop and I, were presented at Court to the Governor.We likewise paid our respects to the Prince, who was not at home.We dine with him at the Governor's today, as it Is the Prince's birthday, a day of festivity, illumination, etc.\" (.The Church Guardian, Aug.9, 1882.) Bishop of Quebec to.(Quebec, November 2, 1798).He sailed on the 18th of August and arrived on the 1st of November.He intends to collect information relating to the objects of his appointment (PAO \u2014 Q88, p.821.) J.Monk,.Esq., Attorney-General, to the Lord Bishop of Quebec (Quebec November 5,1793).He refers to the provision for the support of the Church of England In Canada and the Clergy Reserves.The right to tithes was created by Act.of Parliament and would only be given up when a permanent provision is made by the parishioners for the maintenance of their Clergymen.(PAO \u2014 Q89-2, p.868.) Minutes of the Executive Council, Lord Dorchester (1) presiding (Castle of St Lewis, Quebec, November 22,1793).The Governor in Chief ordered to be read the Letters Patent appointing Dr.Mountain Bishop of Quebec the notarial certificate of his consecration and the certificate of his having taken the customary oaths.(PAO \u2014 Q67, p 220.) Rt Rev.Jacob Mountain to Rt Hon.Henry Dundas (November 20,1798).He had learned to his great surprise that the King's Mandamus summoning him to the Legislative Council with the title of Lord Bishop of Quebec had not come to the.Governor's hands.The omission of this paper is to him an evil of great magnitude because it tends to bring disrespect upon his appointment The flourishing state of the Roman Catholic Church and the high consideration in which the Bishop is held, contrasted with the degraded state of the Church of England, seems to prove (1) Guy Carle ton, Lord Dorchester, 1724-1808, entered the Army as an ensign, 1742 ; Administrator of the Province of Quebec, September 24, 1766 to October 26.1768: Governor in Chief of the Province of Quebec, October 26, 1768 to June 27.1778: Governor In Chief of the Province of Quebec.October 28, 1786 to December 25, 1701 ; Governor In Chief and Captain General of the British Provinces In North America.December 26, 1791 to December 15, 1796: General.1796.He left Quebec for the last time July 9.1796.(Simcoc Papers I, p.12.) ARCHIVES DB QUÉBEC 197 the necessity of support of the Protestant Bishop on the part of the Government.He trusts Dundas will direct that the Mandamus be sent by the first packet.' He believes that its non arrival has mortified the best friends of the Church.He intends to visit Trois Rivieres, William Henry and Montreal this winter, but does not wish to enter Upper Canada until the rank with which he is to enter it be officially ascertained.He regrets that a difference of opinion has arisen between the Chief Justice and the Attorney-General on the subject of.the rights of; the Clergy to tithes and wishes to receive instructions upon this head.Doubt arose during the administration of General Clarke, who will be able to show whether further Instructions to the Governor are necessary.(PAO \u2014 Q69-2, p.881.) Rt.Rev.J.Mountain to Rt Hon.Henry Dundas (November 20,1703).Having just heard that Chief Justice Smith cannot recover from bis illness, and that his death may Involve Important consequences to the Province, he thinks It proper to inform Dundas of this fact.(QDA \u2014 CI, p.7.) Rt.Rev.J.Mountain to Rev.John Stuart (Woodfield, Quebec, November 21, 1703).He informs Mr.Stuart that His Majesty, by Letters Patent, has permitted him to appoint commissaries and that the salary attached to the office will be £160 a year.\" If the office, with this salary, be acceptable to you, it is at your service.And I desire you to believe that I have much satisfaction in giving you this mark of my respect for your Character, & of the confidence which I place In you.It would be proper that I should see the Instrument under which you have hitherto acted.\" (Kingston, Stuart Papers.) The Lord Bishop of Quebec to Rt Hon.Henry Dundas (December 4,1793).He encloses a duplicate of bis letter of November 20, 1703.The Chief Justice still continues in a state of hopeless debility.(QDA \u2014 01, p.8.) George Pownall, Esq., Secretary.Certifier te of registration of Letters Patent appointing Dr.Mountain as Bishop of Quebec, In the Office of Enrolments at Quebec, December 6, 1703.(QDA\u2014Al.) Bishop of Lincoln to Hon.Henry Dundas (?) (Buckden Palace, December SO, 1793).He encloses a letter from the Lord Bishop of Quebec who says that the Attorney-General and other gentlemen of character living in Quebec are of the opinion that it is important that the Bishop of Quebec should be a member of the Executive Council.Dr.Mountain believes that it is in the Executive rather than in the Legislative Council that he (Dr.Mountain) can politically serve the Church.The question of tithes must depend upon the interpretation of the 1791 Act.(PAO \u2014Q69,\u20142, p.866.) Report of the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel (London, 1793).The ReV.J.Stuart of Kingston informs the Society that the Mohawk Chapel is finished, but that he cannot visit the Mohawks more than twice a year.The Rev.R.Addison has visited them, having travelled a distance of.seventy miles from Niagara in order to do so.(SPG\u2014Report, J7M.) 198 ARCHIVES DE QUÉBEC 1784 Rt Rev.J.Mountain to Rev.John Stuart (January 2,1794).He advises Mr.Stuart to postpone the visit to the country lying between the Bay of Quinte and Pointe au Beaudette which he (Mr.Stuart) proposed to make before coming to Quebec.He Intends to visit Montreal after the 20th of January and would like to see Mr.Stuart there.(Kingston, Stuart Papers.) J.Monk, Esq., Attorney-General, to Evan Nepean (1) (Quebec, January 8, 1794).Informing Nepean that the Bishop of Quebec and Prince Edward desire his appointment to the office of Chief Justice.(PAO\u2014Q69-2, p.248.) The Bishop of Nova Scotia to Rt Rev.J.Mountain, Bishop of Canada (Hall-tax, January 4.1794).He expresses the pleasure which he felt when he heard from the Archbishop of Canterbury of Dr.Mountain's appointment to Quebec.He hopes that Dr.Mountain has escaped the dangers of the sea and of the enemy for no greater misfortune could happen to a Bishop than to fall into the hands of such unprincipled ruffians as the French \u2014 the enemies of Order and Christianity.Referring to his visit to Montreal In 1789, he says that he had procured a Church, a mere shell used as a store-house formerly belonging to the Jesuits, for the use of the National Church but all bis endeavours for the same purpose failed at Quebec.He laments the distance separating them.By land three quarters of the way is a perfect wilderness.Mr.Toosey, who was his commissary in Quebec, informs him he has been re-appointed by Dr.Mountain and the Government has given him a salary of £160.A better choice could not be made.He recommends the re-appointment of Mr.Stuart for Upper Canada.He makes mention of the French Revolution, and states his belief that this event unprecedented In history \u2014 a nation of Atheists trying to subdue and proselytise the rest of mankind \u2014 will in the end be favourable to the cause of Christianity.The war was absolutely necessary.The war and the Allen BUI, for which Mr.Pitt Is to be thanked, have saved the nation.(QDA \u201401, p.10.) J.King, Esq.,* to the Rt.Rev.J.Mountain (Whitehall, January 28, 1794) (Private).He Is sending the, Instruments giving the Bishop a Seat In each of the Legislative Councils of Upper and Lower Canada by the title of the Lord Bishop of Quebec.He Is surprised that the Bishop's agent in London had never called at the office for these instruments and adds, in explanation of the delay In sending them, that everyone is left to take care of their own concerns In this particular.(QDA \u201401, p.10.) Rt Rev.J.Mountain to J.King, Esq.(January 24, 1794).The hazards to which letters are now exposed Induce him to take the opportunity of Mr.Flnlay's going to England to mention to Mr.King the awkward situation in which he is placed by the circumstance of the Mandamus not having yet arrived.The Bishop (1) Evan Nepean, Under-Secretary of State, 1788.Commissioner of the Privy Seal, 1786.Under-Secretary for War, 1794.Secretary of the Admiralty, 1796.(flimcoe Paper* I, p.7.) ARCHIVES DE QUÉBEC 199 of Lincoln will pay the Fees for him.Mr.Kins; will oblige him greatly by directing that the Mandamus (by which he Is made a member of the Legislative Council with the Title Lord Bisbop of Quebec) be sent out at the first opportunity.Mr.Finlay, who is a member of the Legislative and Executive Council, is also Chairman of the Land Committee.Many difficulties have arisen respecting the Reservation of Land for the Crown and the Church.It would be doing an important service to the Provinces if Mr.King could facilitate for Mr.Finlay an interview with Dundas and send Mr.Finlay back with a plan that would overcome the obstacles which so obstinately resist the progress of cultivation.(QDA \u2014 CI, p.11.) Rt Bev.J.Mountain to Rev.J.Stuart (January 27.1794).He informs Mr.Stuart that he has deferred executing the instruments appointing him (Mr.Stuart) commissary.He intends setting out for Montreal in a fortnight, spending a day at Trois Rivieres and four days at Montreal where be will meet Mr.Stuart (Kingston, Stuart Papers.) Rev.John Stuart to Rt Rev.Dr.White, Bishop of the Episcopal Church, Philadelphia (Montreal, February 8, 1794).He has arrived at Montreal, being ordered to attend the new bishop, who is Bishop of Upper and Lower Canada, possessing the same powers granted to Bishop Inglls and with a salary of £2,000 a year.The Bishop Is said to be a scholar, a gentleman, an orator and a zealous Churchman.The people expect the Bishop will do great things, and rescue the Church from the contempt into which It is fallen, by the prudence and splendour of his (the bishop's) example.The bishop has bestowed the office Of commissary for Upper Canada, with a stipend of £160 a year, upon him.It Will enable him to make a decent provision for his family.It is said the bishop will establish a University at Montreal, which is much wanted.His situation now equals his most sanguine wishes, his whole salary being £860 a year.He meets with the countenance and patronage of bis superiors and is Chaplain to the Legislative Council of Upper Canada.(Sltnooe Papers, II, p.147.) Bt Hon.Henry Dundas to Col.J.G.SImcoe (Whitehall, March 10,1794).The marriage Act has been approved.It was Intended that the Church and Crown Reserves should be made in large masses in Lower Canada, but this plan has been set aside.(PAO \u2014 Q280-1, p.16.) Rt Rev.J.Mountain to J.King, Esq.(March 27, 1794).He has appointed Messrs.Toosey and Stuart Commissaries for the Quebec and Western Districts respectively, and hopes that Mr.King will soon send the warrants from the Treasury for the payment of £160 a year to each of them.Mr.Toosey will return to Canada in the Spring.He hopes that his Mandamus will arrive and that It will give him a defined and sufficient character in the Country.Rheumatic fever prevented him from visiting Montreal, etc., during the winter.He hopes to visit the whole of his diocese in the summer.(QDA \u2014 01, p.14.) 200 ARCHIVES DB QUÉBEC J.King, Esq., to Rt Bev.J.Mountain (April 24,1794).He had received the bishop's letter of January 3rd and informs the bishop that the instruments were despatched by the February Packet to Halifax, but was sincerely sorry and surprised to find that they were still in the Office.He mentions the great credit which His Royal Highness Prince Edward did himself at the capture of Martinique and also expresses sorrow that the worthy Governor (Dorchester) lost a son in the late glorious attack upon the French Posts.(QDA\u2014 01, p.15.) The Bishop of Nova Scotia to the Archbishop of Canterbury (May 3, 1794).He informs the Archbishop that he had Just heard from the Rt Rev.J.Mountain.who appears to be a worthy, conscientious man.Dr.Mountain la struck with the difficulties that stare him In the face, but is not discouraged by them and Is determined to do his duty.(PAC \u2014 Inalis Papers, vol.2, p.68.) Bishop of Nova Scotia to the Rt Rev.J.Mountain (Halifax.May 5,1794).He refers to the letter received from the Bishop of Quebec describing thé ecclesiastical state of Canada.He mentions that what he saw and heard during his visit to the Province of Quebec led him to be apprehensive that the Bishop of Quebec would be struck with the difficulties which he describes.In Nova Scotia there are not many Roman Catholics, but Enthusiasts and Sectaries, who throw every possible obstruction in his way, abound.\" In short, my good brother, Providence has been pleased to call both you & me to an arduous station, the duties of which we must resolutely endeavour to discharge, & surmount its difficulties ; looking steadfastly for support, succour & success to the Almighty Head & Redeemer of his Church, who is able with the Feeblest instruments to accomplish his gracious purposes.'' He replies to the Bishop of Quebec's enquiries by saying that he deemed It expedient to omit certain of the non-essential usages of the Church of England because of the prejudices that prevailed against the sending of a bishop to the British Colonies in America.Acting on this principle, he went through his duties with as little noise or offence as possible.He appointed no Registrar, and laid aside procurations, synodals and all other expenses to the Clergy, Including the cost of Letters of Orders, and only appointed two commissaries.But In Quebec, where the Roman Catholic Religion may be said to be established, it may be prudent to take such measures as will make the National Church appear with more dignity.He considers Visitation s to be of much consequence and holds them every third year.Previous to each Visitation, he sends a number of questions to each Clergyman to be answered in writing and.In addition, a citation specifying the time & place of the Visitation is sent to each Clergyman, desiring him to attend & to exhibit Letters of Orders, also instruments of Institution and Induction if any.The citation is In the usual form ; only It is In his own name not hi that of an Apparitor.No presentments are made ; the circumstances of things would not admit of It Churchwardens are not sworn into office as in England.His authority extends only to the Clergy.His patent points out the mode of proceeding with them.He has displaced one irregular missionary according to that mode; a formal degradation not being necessary.His Visitation always begins on Wednesday, after Divine Service and a Sermon by one of the Clergy.He ARCHIVES DE QUÉBEC 201 then delivers his charge In Church.Divine Service and a Sermon are continued every day till the succeeding Sunday, when the Visitation ends.He always holds a Confirmation, also an Ordination, if there are any candidates to be admitted.When he was in Canada, some abuses and irregularities were mentioned.The most effectual and least invidious way of preventing them, appeared to make some Injunctions which would Include them, and other matters that called for attention.Accordingly, he drew up a Set of injunctions, which after being read to the Clergy and approved by them, he passed In form annexing his Seal.They were printed with the charge he delivered at Quebec and be takes the liberty of sending a copy.Bach of the Clergy In Canada has a copy.By looking Into the English papers, he had observed that His Majesty had appointed a general fast In England.He stated to Gov.Went wort h the propriety of following the example In the Province, and the Governor appointed Friday, 18th of April, for the purpose.He presents his compliments to Lord and Lady Dorchester.He is glad that Mr.Stuart who Is a worthy and sensible man has been appointed Commissary and hopes that a salary Is annexed to the office.(QDA \u2014 01, p.16.) Lord Dorchester to J.O.Slmcoe, Esq., Lt.-Governor (Quebec, May 19, 1794).Dr.Mountain having sent him two Mandamuses, directing Letters Patent to be Issued under the seals of the two Provinces advancing the Bishop to the dignity of Lord Bishop ft directing the Bishop to be appointed to the Legislative Councils of botn Provinces, he has given the necessary orders as far as concerns Lower Canada and sends the other Mandamus to Slmcoe.As the situation of Lower Canada is critical, he hopes to see Mr.Osgoode, the new Chief Justice, In the Province as soon as possible.(Blmcoe Paper», II, p.201.) Lord Dorchester to Bt Hon.H.Dundas (Quebec, May 26,1794).The Bishop of Quebec has forwarded Mandamuses authorizing the bishop to be styled Lord Bishop of Upper and Lower Canada, and a Legislative Councillor of both Provinces.Patents will be prepared.This action will awaken Jealousy on the part of Canadians, because their bishop does not receive the same honour.They are superior In number.The British proportion of militia Is only 70 out of 2,000.This will not escape observation.Every member of the Council will think himself humbled If he has not the same honour conferred on himself.(PAC \u2014 Q71-1, p.6.) George III \u2014 Letters Patent (Provincial) issued in compliance with the Mandamus (signed) Dorchester, Governor, May 29, 1794.Granting Jacob Bishop of Quebec and his successors the name, state, degree, style, dignity, title and honour of Lord Bishop of Quebec.These Letters Patent or the Enrolment thereof shall be sufficient in Law for investing the bishops of Quebec with this title.These Letters are to be duly enrolled In the Book of Registry for Lower Canada (Recorded in the Office of Enrolments at Quebec, Geo.Pownall, Secretary, (QDA \u2014 OL p.22.) Mandamus (June 80, 1794).Appointing Jacob Lord Bishop of Quebec to be a member of the Executive Council of Lower Canada and to take his seat next 202 ARCHIVES DB QUEBEC after the Chief Justice and, on the death or absence of the Chief Justice, next after the senior member of the Executive Council for the time being, but not to be entitled to any salary.(PAO \u2014 842, p.69-71.) lit.Bev.J.Mountain to Col.J.G.Slmcoe (?) (Powell Place, June 16,1794).He proposes to visit the diocese this summer and enquires whether Slmcoe will be at Niagara or York at that time, so that he may pay his respects and receive any commands which Slmcoe may have for him.(QDA \u2014 Cl, p IS.) J.King, Esq., to Bt Bev.J.Mountain (June 17, 1794).In reply ta the Bishop's letter he has directed that Mr.Toosey be put on the Quebec Establishment and has written to Dorchester to this effect.Mr.Toosey's long service as commissary was considered remunerated by granting a salary of £160 a year for the future.He promises to include Mr.Stuart's salary as commissary in the next estimates He hopes that the instruments appointing the Lord Bishop of Quebec to be a member of the Executive Councils of Upper and Lower Canada, but without salary, will be received by the same conveyance.(QDA \u2014 01, p.19.) Col.J.O.Slmcoe to Lord Dorchester (Navy Hall.June 21.1794).He has received the Mandamus calling the Bishop of Quebec to the Executive Council.This being the only intimation he has received of the Bishop's arrival, he will direct the Provincial Secretary to execute the summons.(Bimooe Paper», II, p.288.) Bishop of Nova Scotia to Bt Rev.J.Mountain (Halifax, June 26, 1794).He takes the opportunity of sending a letter with Mr.James Stuart, son of the worthy missionary at Kingston, who has been attending the Seminary and who is now returning.The elder son of Mr.Stuart, a fine youth who is intended for Holy Orders and who, In his opinion, win be a useful, exemplary clergyman, continues at the Seminary.He mentions his Triennial Visitation, just ended) which occupied a week and was attended by twelve clergymen.A memorial was signed by all and sent to the Governor requesting that sufficient glebes be granted to aU districts ; and also rules were agreed upon for the formation of a corporation, consisting of Clergy and Laity, which should make regulations to provide for the needs of widows and orphans of the diocesan Clergy.At his request Lieut-Governor Went-worth appointed a general fast for the Province and he encloses copies of the sermon preached on the occasion, one for the Bishop of Quebec and one for Dorchester.He warns the Bishop to be on his guard against entertaining applications for admission to Holy Orders from unfit persons.His residence In America made him aware that such applications were likely to be made and while In Canada he had two or three of such applications.By adhering strictly to the Canon which requires the applicant for Ordination to furnish both a testimonial and a title (to a position in a parish) he had been able to put off several applications from lm-' proper persons, and Mr.Btuart of Kingston was of much service to nun on these occasions.He has sent a printed Charge and Injunctions delivered at the Visitation which he held in Quebec These will shew the Bishop of Quebec in what light the state of affairs in Quebec struck him at the time.(QDA_Cl, p.20.) ARCHIVES DB QUÉBEC 203 George III \u2014 Letters of Presentation to Rt.Ber.J.Mountain (Castle of St.Lewis, Quebec, July 1,1784).Whereas David Chabrand Deli ale, appointed Minister of Montreal, is deceased and the Reverend James Tunstall has during the last four years officiated as Assistant Minister of Christ Church, Montreal, to the great satisfaction of the Congregation, and whereas James Tunstall is a fit person to have care of the souls of the King's subjects professing the Protestant and Catholic Faith, congregating in Christ Church Montreal, the Crown therefore commands the Bishop to institute Mr.Tunstall as Sector of Christ Church and Invest him with all rights belonging thereunto.(Signed) Dorchester, Governor, George Pownall, Secretary.(PAC \u2014 Q71-1, p.52.) Lord Dorchester to Henry Dundas, (Quebec, July 5, 1784).He has appointed the Rev.Mr.Tunstall, who was sent to Montreal four years ago by the Bishop of Nova Scotia, to the living of Montreal to succeed Mr.DeLlsle, who died on the 80th of June.Mr.Tunstall had been assured of succeeding Mr.DeLlsle and in every respect is qualified to be appointed as Chaplain.Therefore he cannot comply with the wish of the Bishop of Quebec to appoint the Bishop's brother to this living.Otherwise he would have been very happy to promote the Rev.Mr.Mountain to this position.(PAO \u2014 Q68, p.164.) Col.J.G.SImcoe to Rt Rev.J.Mountain (July 0,1704).He replies to the Bishop's letter of June 16, by saying that it will be impossible to say where he will be at the time of His Lordship's Visitation, but would wish to meet the Bishop at the time of the Confirmation at Niagara.If possible, be would! like to meet the Bishop at Johnstown or Kingston.If his Montreal avocations shall permit, he will be happy to meet the Bishop at York which, owing to the unquiet times, he fears must remain the Capital of the Province for a longer period than'he thinks desirable.(QDA \u2014Cl, p.22.) George III \u2014 Commission to the Rt.Rev.J.Mountain (July 10, 1784).Commanding the Bishop, together with other great men of the Province of Upper Canada, to lay aside every excuse and to appear at Newark on August 16, with the great men of the Legislative Council, there to confer and advise concerning all ecclesiastical and temporal affairs then to happen.Given at Government House, Navy Hall.Signed Wm.Jarvis, Secretary, J.Graves SImcoe, Lieut-Governor.(QDA \u2014Al.) The Rt Rev.J.Mountain to the Misses Brookes ( ?) of Norwich, Eng.(Begun at Maskinongé, July 16,1704).He describee his journey from Quebec to Niagara.July 6: Powell Place, Quebec; July 11: to Portneuf; July 18: to Trois Rivieres.Sunday 13, was spent in Trois Rivieres and on Monday the Ursuline Convent was visited; July 15: to Maskinongé; July 16: to Sore! and on July 17 was received at Government House; July 18: to Montreal, and spent six days there holding a reception at Government House; July 25: proceeded to Lachine; July 26 : to the Cascades of the St.Lawrence ; July 27 : to Pointe du Lac ; July 28 : to La Maison Rouge on the St Lawrence ; July 20 : to a place further up the river ; July 204 ARCHIVES DE QUÉBEC 80 : to Capt.Monroe's house ; July 31 : to New Johnstown ; August 1 : to Lieut, O's house near Augusta ; August 2 : to Gananoque ; August 8 : to Kingston where he remained three days; August 6: he embarked on a ship; August'7: In a ship on Lake Ontario ; August 8 : arrived at Navy Hall, Newark, Niagara river, where he remained several days ; on August 12 the letter ends (61 pages).(QDA \u2014 Episcopate of Jacob Mountain, H.0.Stuart \u2014 Manuscript copy, pp.84-88.) William Jarvis, Secretary, certifying that the Letters Patent appointing the Bev.Jacob Mountain Bishop of Quebec have been registered In the Office of Enrolments at Newark (August 11,1794).(QDA \u2014 Al.) Duke of Portland (1) to Lord Dorchester (Whitehall, August 13, 1794).He does not think that the Mandamus directing that the Bishop of Quebec should have a seat in the Councils affords any room for Jealousy.The propriety of giving a seat to the Roman Catholic Bishop also will be considered by His Majesty, should Lord Dorchester recommend such a measure.But His Majesty must remain the sole Judge of those to whom the titles of honour (which His Majesty Is authorised to confer upon Members of the Legislative Council by the Act of 1791) may be given.(PAO \u2014 Q68, p.182.) Rt Rev.J.Mountain to Rt Hon.Henry Dundas (Quebec, September 15,1794).He has completed the Visitation of his diocese.He passed up the river from Montreal to Kingston ; crossed to Niagara, and on returning he proceeded up the Bay of Quinte to Eredericksburgh.He held Confirmations wherever there was a minister.He discusses at length the flourishing state of the Upper Province, but thinks the state of religion is deplorable.From Montreal to Kingston there is not one Church or place of worship, except one Lutheran chapel and one, perhaps two Presbyterian chapels Religious instruction is limited to these small congregations, or to those reached by itinerant Methodists.There Is a small Church at Kingston.Along the Bay of Quinte, which is well settled, there is only one minister ; at Niagara there is a minister, but no Church.He expresses his earnest desire for the means of religious instruction.A church should be Immediately built at Cornwall ; another clergyman should be Sent to the Bay of Quinte, Adol-phustown Is the proper place ; one la wanted at Detroit and one at York.A proper (1) William Henry Cavendish Bentinek, third Duke of Portland, 1788-1809, who was twice Prime Minister of Oreat Britain, was educated at Eton and Oxford, and as Marquis of Titchfleld sat In the House of Commons from 1760 until 1762.when he succeeded his father as Duke of Portland He formed a warm political alliance with the Marquis of Rockingham and acted as Lord Chamberlain In 1765-1766.He was appointed Lord Lieutenant of Ireland In 1782 and was Prime Minister from April until December 1788.He afterwards became the recognized leader of the Rockingham Whigs, but Joined forces with Pitt in 1793.He was elected Chancellor of the University of Oxford in 1792, and was Home Secretary from 1794 until 1801, when he became Lord President of the Council until 1806.He was again Prime Minister from 1807 until 1809.As Home Secretary, he was distinguished as an efficient and careful administrator, not wanting In broad statesmanlike views.(Bimooe Paner* II, p.819.) ARCHIVES DB QUÉBEC 205 salary moat be given because the necessaries of life in Upper Canada are very dear.SImcoe bas been promised a sum, equal to that which was allowed to Nova Scotia, for building Churches.He lays stress on the importance of having ministers of the Church of England sent at once, so as to secure the population of Upper Canada, a measure no less desirable in a political than in a religious point of view.The erection of Churches and the establishment of ministers would greatly accelerate the progress of settlement, as sober thinking men are unwilling to bring their families to a place where they are deprived of the benefits of religious instruction.He hopes that in the minds of tbe members of the Government, the advantages will outweigh the question of expense.He recommends Mr.Addison, Minister at Niagara, for the same allowance as that given to the others.In Lower Canada the Church of England Is In a less degrading situation than that In which he found it on his arrival.The Swiss Ministers, then officiating at Quebec and Montreal, read English so imperfectly as to be unintelligible; the minister at Trois Rivieres was of very bad character.His brother and his chaplain have performed the whole duty at Quebec ; Mr.Toosey has now arrived and is taking that duty ; Mr.Mountain is to be assistant at Trois Rivieres; Mr.Delisle is dead and Mr.Tunstall will succeed him at Montreal.There is a clergyman of good character at William Henry (Sorel).He recommends the establishment of a proper Church at Quebec.Services may be held in Quebec only by permission of the Roman Catholic Bishop and that but once on a Sunday.He has not yet formed any plan to have a Church erected.He suggests that good grammar schools, Instead of the extensive system of education proposed by the Council, be established.Should it be thought expedient to send clergymen and a schoolmaster to Upper Canada, the Bishop of Lincoln might be consulted.He desires to receive instructions respecting tithes.(PAO \u2014Q69-2, p.886.) Col.J.G.SImcoe to Rt.Rev.J.Mountain (September, 1794).He acknowledges the Bishop's letter containing news of Lord Howe's glorious victory.He was about to go to Detroit with a military force when he heard of the retreat of Mr.Wayne (Reed.September 26).(QDA \u201401, p.27.) Rt Rev.Mountain to Col.J.O.SImcoe (PoweU Place, Quebec, September 28, 1704).He mentions Mrs.Simcoe's arrival In Quebec and hopes that hostilities in Upper Canada will soon cease.The aspect of affairs In England, especially the admission of the Duke of Portland and others into the administration, comforts him.He encloses a copy of his letter to Dundas.(QDA \u2014 Cl, p.28.) Rt Rev.J.Mountain to J.King, Esq.(Quebec, October 4, 1704).He urges the settlement of the question respecting salaries for commissaries.He refers to the obliging attention which Mr.King has given to bis letters.He congratulates Mr.King on the glory which tbe British Navy has obtained.(PAC \u2014 Q60-2, p.896.) Rev.J.Stuart to Rt Rev.J.Mountain (Kingston, October 2, 1794).He informs the Bishop that there are a total of 3,847 inhabitants In Kingston, Fred- 206 ARCHIVES DB QUÉBEC erlcksburgh, Adolphustown, Marysburgh and Ernestown, and 1,000 Inhabitants In the other six townships on the Bay.He will probably be compelled to send his son James to the United States, but has proposed to Mr.Keith (of Quebec) that his son George Should assist Mr.Keith In the school for one or two years, studying Divinity and the French language at the same time.He desires to know if the Bishop approves of this step.He has just returned from the Indian Village, and called at Capt Hawley's, on his way, in order to attempt to reconcile two persons.The Bev.Mr.Lnnghorue spoke of having spent a week In stating the case to tbe Bishop In its true light (Kingston, Stuart Paper*.) < Bev.J.Stuart to Rt Bev.J.Mountain (October 28, 1784).His son George has returned from Windsor, N.S.and is now sent to Mr.Keith's School (at Quebec) as usher.He hopes that George may be ready to teach in the proposed Grammar School at Kingston.His son James is to be sent to Mr.Read, Clerk of the Court at Montreal, for six years.The arrival of Mr.Toosey gave htm hopes that the warrant for payment of his salary might have come, but no word has been received.Applications for Clergymen have been less frequent since the people have been told that something must be done to provide a comfortable support for those who may be sent to them.Whenever the ice forms, he intends to travel from the head of the Bay to Glengarry.(Kingston, Stuart Paper*.) Bt Bev.J.Mountain to the Archbishop of Canterbury (October 24,1784).He informs the Archbishop that at Detroit and York ministers are needed.Lt-Gov.SImcoe has been promised a sum of probably £2,000 for the erection of Churches.With Slmcoe's concurrence, he has drawn the attention of the Secretary of State to the need of placing ministers at these two places and also at the Bay of Quinte, at Cornwall and at Johnstown, upon Government salaries of £160 a year.He hopes that the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel will add £60 a year to each and asks for tbe Archbishop's support He wishes to obtain an allowance for Mr.Mountain as Assistant Minister at Trois Rivieres, and also for Mr.Addison at Niagara In order to enable the Mohawks to receive religions ministrations quarterly.Capt Brant will act as Interpreter to Mr.Addison.He held his Visitation at Montreal and Confirmations at Quebec (81 confirmed) ; at Trois Rivieres (14 confirmed) ; at William Henry (28 confirmed) ; at Montreal (84 confirmed) ; at Kingston (66 confirmed) ; Frederlcksburgh (21 confirmed) and at Niagara (S3 confirmed).Sir William Scott kindly allowed him to refer his difficulties to him before he left England.(QDA \u2014 CI, p.34.) Rt Rev.J.Mountain to Duke of Portland (Powell Place, Quebec, October 24, 1704).He submits his observations on the state of Religion in the two Provinces and quotes from the instructions given to the Governors in 1775, outlining the rights and privileges with which the Church of England was to be endowed.He states that,, from whatever motive of policy, no part of these instructions has ever been put Into force.The Roman Catholic Bishop assumes the title of Bishop of Quebec and exercises every episcopal function without interference from any quarter, and nominates ministers at pleasure without permission of the Governor. ARCHIVES DE QUÉBEC 207 On the other hand the Church of England is In a neglected state.The nomination of three ministers, who could not speak English perfectly, to the three principal Churches of the Province brought contempt upon the Protestant Religion.Even after the Bishop of Noya Scotia bad appointed Mr.Toosey and Mr.Tuns tall.In the year 1789, to assist the ministers at Quebec and Montreal, the full benefit of this arrangement was not felt.Mr.Toosey went to England in 1792.Mr.De Lisle continued to do duty at Montreal and Mr.Doty Intended to leave William Henry.This was the state In which he found matters last November.An Improvement has now taken place.His brother and his nephew performed the whole duty at Que-bee last winter.Mr.Toosey has now arrived to take this duty upon himself.Mr.Mountain, with the Governor's concurrence, has gone to Trois Rivieres (where Mr.Veyssiere had been entirely deserted by the congregation for two years past).Mr.TunstaU is now nominated to Montreal.He has paved the way for a reconciliation between Mr.Doty and the congregation.Bnt at Quebec they are given the use, once on Sunday, of a Roman Catholic Church.The Protestant Bishop obtains a seat by permission of the Superior of the Recollets.He hopes to have the.use of the Jesuit Church In Quebec when the death of the only surviving Jesuit takes place.Between Montreal and Kingston, the Country Is now extremely well settled, but there are only one Lutheran and two Presbyterian places of worship.The people are chiefly dissenters but will readily conform to the Church, If clergymen are sent to them.At Kingston there are 825 souls.Mr.Stuart Is about to enlarge the Church.In Ernes town there are 1,086 souls and 869 In Fredericks-burgh.There is a missionary for these places.At Niagara the congregation meet in the Chamber of the Legislative Assembly.(QDA \u2014 CI, p.31.) Rt Rev.J.Mountain to Sir William Scott Law Officer (Powell Place, October 20, 1794).He refers to passages from bis Letters Patent and enquires as to the limits of his jurisdiction.1.He mentions the right of granting Marriage licenses which Is now exercised by the Governor.There was reason for reserving this right for the Governor when there was no resident bishop in the Country, and asks if this power resides with the bishop also.He states that certain abuses, such as marrying In any place, at any time, without license or Banns, are prevalent In the Country.2.He enquires whether Churchwardens can legally be compelled to execute any part of their office, such as making statements upon oath concerning the behaviour of the Clergy, and whether there should be Ecclesiastical Courts taking cognizance of such matters in his diocese and whether the jurisdiction of such courts Is clearly defined.8.He asks whether the endowment of parishes, with reserved lands, or with a Government salary to ministers, forms the provision for the priest, as required by Canon Law before a Church may be consecrated.4.He asks whether the induction of a minister to a Church is proper before such a Church can legally be created a rectory.Lastly, he asks if his Letters Patent from the Crown have the force of Law.If not he wishes to know upon what authority his jurisdiction rests.Only the Criminal Law, and not the Oanon Law of England, la in force in Canada.(Quebec Episcopal Archives.) Rt.Rev.J.Mountain to J.King, Esq.(Quebec, November 3, 1794).He gives reasons why the salary of Mr.Stuart, who visits the whole of the St Lawrence 2Qg ARCHIVES DB QUÉBEC from Kingston to the bordera of Lower Canada, should not be lower than the salary of Mr.Toosey, who received £200 a year during his absence of two and half years from duty In Quebec.He also wishes that the salaries of both of these commissaries should commence from the date of their appointment and not from the (later) date when they received the regular episcopal Instrument appointing them to their offices.(PAO \u2014 Q69-2, p.286.) Col.J.6.SImcoe to Rt.Rev.J.Mountain (Niagara, November 8, 1794).He expresses his appreciation of tbe politeness of Mrs.Mountain to Mrs.SImcoe during their time of separation.He speaks of the war with the United States .which Is threatening the Country and to the prospect of Mr.Jay's mission producing peace.He requests the Bishop to procure for him as many Testaments as possible and Bibles and Prayer Books, of the largest print, suitable to the eyes of old people.(QDA \u2014 CL p.85.) V Rt Bev.J.Mountain to the Archbishop of Canterbury (Powell Place, November 6, 1794) (private).He corrects a misstatement in his previous letter to the Archbishop.Between Montreal and Kingston, In addition to the Lutheran and Presbyterian places of worship, he saw two Roman Catholic Churches which were situated between Montreal and Pointe au Baudot, the western border of the Province of Lower.Canada.From this place to Kingston, with exception of a small body of Scotch Roman Catholics, the inhabitants are Protestant He has heard from the Bishop of Nova Scotia who had obtained the appointment of a general fast in that Province, taking the hint from his Majesty's Proclamation.Although he does not consider himself authorized to Issue a form of prayer for such an occasion, yet he believes that If the Bishop of Nova Scotia erred, he erred on the right side.He will be glad to know whether he judged right (QDA\u2014 CI, p.86.) Rt Rev.J.Mountain to Rev.J.Stuart (Powell Place, Quebec, November 11, 1794).Mr.Stuart is on the establishment of Upper Canada as commissary.He desires to hear from Mr.Stuart respecting the Grammar School for Kingston.He is much obliged for tbe statistics which have been sent Having considered what Lt-Governor SImcoe and Mr.Stuart have said on the subject of the spiritual needs of the Province of Upper Canada, he has determined to ask for several additional clergymen ; one for Detroit, one for York, two for the country between Kingston and Pointe au Baudet, and an additional one for the Bay of Quinte.He has written to the Archbishop of Canterbury and to Bev.Dr.Morlce asking for an allowance from the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel.He desires to know what Mr.Stuart wishes him to do for George.Mr.Keith knows no Greek.He hopes that \"his little friend Andrew\" will not be sent to the United States.(Kingston, Stuart Papers.) Duke of Portland to Rt.Rev.J.Mountain (Whitehall, November 14, 1794).He expresses his satisfaction that the Bishop has completed the first Visitation of the diocese of Quebec.He will recommend an additional grant of five hundred pounds for this year (to be increased as required) in order to help in building such ARCHIVES DE QUEBEC 209 Churches as may be necessary for Divine worship; he trusts that the grant may be rendered as effectual as possible by the Bishop and by those In whose favour It Is proposed.The determination of the application of the fund Is to be left with the Bishop and Slmcoe, but care must be taken that no expense be Incurred In any territory outside of the treaty line.He Is sorry that the dearness of the necessaries of life demands a larger income than would otherwise be required ; but there can be no doubt that the act respecting rectories Includes the right to collect tithes, and therefore that no additional grant Is needed.He trusts that a small salary from the Government and an allowance from the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel may be sufficient for the comfortable maintenance of the incumbents.(PAO \u2014 Q69-2, p.898.) Bt.Bev.J.Mountain to J.King, Esq.(November 20, 1794).He corrects his previous statement that \"from Montreal to Kingston there is'no house of religious worship etc.nor any house of protestant worship.\" The mistake arose from having Protestants exclusively in his mind of whose situation alone he was then speaking.(PAC \u2014 Q62-2, p.404.) Lord Dorchester to the Duke of Portland (Quebec, November 20, 1704).He sends Portland a copy of the Commission appointing Mr.Tunstnll to the living of Montreal.To Mr.Tunstall's request that the right to receive tithes be granted in addition to an allowance, a reply was made that the Crown's allowance of 200 pounds a year was in full of any such demand.Although maintaining that the Commission carried with' It the right to receive tithes, Mr.Tunstall acquiesced in the reply.Dorchester suggests that all expressions, which seem to convey powers that are not actually exercised, should be omitted In such Commissions.(PAO \u2014 Q71-1, p.80.) Rev.J.Stuart to Rt.Rev.J.Mountain (Kingston, December 26, 1794).He informs the Bishop that his son George was brought-home from Windsor, N.S.because the reports of the Windsor Academy were unfavourable.He Is much discouraged.George (1) may give up the idea of the Ministry.He will not send George to an American College because of the Bishop's disapproval.He speaks of the School at Kingston.His only desire was to be a trustee, without salary, of the school and not Its Head.George should not be its first master.The Licut.-Governor is at present In Kingston.(Kingston, Stuart Papers.) .v -J.'';, .'.'.-¦\"\u2022.¦\u2022'¦¦ :>v.e'¦¦'¦\u2022, '-.\"I Sister Thérèse de Jésus, Superior, to Rt Rev.J.Mountain (Ursuline Convent, Trois Rivieres, December 80, 1794) (in French).She recalls the honour paid to the Ursuline Community when the Rishop visited their Convent and desires to make use of the gracious liberty afforded by the occasion of New Tear's Day to procure for the Community the satisfaction of presenting to the Rishop the Sisters' (1) George Okill Stuart son of the Rev.J.Stuart educated at Kingston, Windsor, Quebec, Union College, Schenectady, N.T.and Harvard, obtained his B.A.Degree in 1801.Ordained, 1800.Rector of Tork, U.O.and Kingston.Archdeacon of Kingston, 1821.Dean of Ontario In 1862, the year of his death. 210 ARCHIVES' DE QUÉBEC humble \"hommages\" and' the assurance of the prayers which they address to Heaven for the Bishop's preservation and for the prosperity of his family.(QDA\u2014 01 p.88.) Report of the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel (London, 1784).The Rev.J.Doty informs the Society that tbe impediments which induced him to desire to leave William Henry having been removed by the Bishop of Quebec, he continues in it.The Rev.J.Tunstall has succeeded the Rev.D.O.De Lisle at Montreal.The Society has agreed, upon the recommendation of the Bishop, to allot fifty pounds to the Rev.J.Mountain at Trois Rivieres.The Rev.J.Stuart informs the Society that St.George's Church at Kingston is finished, but is already too small and therefore a chancel will he added.The Bishop visited Kingston in August and confirmed fifty-five persons.He has visited the Mohawks.(SPG \u2014 Report mi) 1786 Journal of the Board of the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel (London, 1786).The Archbishop of Canterbury bad communicated to the Board the letter received from the Bishop of Quebec recommending that £20 a year should be added by the Society to the salary of Mr.Addison, missionary at Niagara, to aid him in the expenses of travelling to the Mohawks.And likewise that the Bev.Mr.Mountain who is appointed assistant to Mr.Veyssiere at Trois Rivieres, should have £60 the salary which Mr.Tunstall had from the Society while assistant at Montreal.It was resolved to agree to the same.(SPG \u2022\u2014 Journal 20, p.808.) Rt.Rev.J.Mountain to J.King, Esq.(Powell Place, Quebec, January 2,1705).He has not yet received the instruments appointing him to the Executive Councils of Upper and Lower Canada.The reason for their non-arrival is the loss of the August Packet He asks that the new ones be sent out without demy because he has it much at heart to get something done relative to the System of Education.Dorchester will not stir a step In this business without the advice of the Executive Council.Therefore by the loss of these instruments he loses the only effectual means of forwarding this business.The Bishop of Lincoln will pay any fees required by the renewing of the instruments.(PAO \u2014 Q74-2, p.820.) Bishop of Novh Scotia to the'Bishop of Lincoln (Halifax, January 10,1705).He heartily thanks Dr.Tomline for assisting to promote so worthy and respectable a character as Dr.Mountain to the bishopric of Canada and remarks that a heavy burden has how been taken from htm.(Halifax \u2014 Inglis Paper*.) Bishop of Lincoln to Dr.Morice, Secretary of the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel (Bishop's Palace, Huntingdon, January 12, 1705).He begs that Dr: Jacob Mountain may be proposed as a member of the Society for propagating the Gospel in foreign parts.(SPG \u2014 Letters.) Bt Bev.J.Mountain to Major-General J.G.SImcoe (Powell Place, Quebec January 31,1705).He rejoices that Mrs.SImcoe is now able to return.It shews that the apprehension of war is removed from Slmcoe's mind.He refers to ne- ARCHIVES DE QUÉBEC 211 gotiarions for peace now taking place between the American and Canadian authorities.He thanks Slmcoe for the confidence which Slmcoe places in him.He admires Simcoe's labours for the public good and cannot be indifferent to anything that concerns him.He read of Simcoe's promotion (to rank of Major-General) with much pleasure.He sent to the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel the Bibles which Slmcoe requested.(QDA\u2014 CI, p.40.) Rt Rev.J.Mountain to Rev.P.Toosey (Powell Place, Quebec, .'February 7,1795).He has just learnt that Mr.Toosey had waited for his coming Into Church before beginning the service.He feels obliged for this mark of attention but must request that it be not repeated, because it is a mark of respect exclusively due to His Majesty's representative.(QDA \u2014 CI, p.41.) Petition.\u2014 The Churchwardens of the township of Matilda, Dundas County, Upper Canada, to J.G.Slmcoe, Lt.-Governor and Commander In Chief of Upper Canada, Major-General commanding the Army (Matilda, February 1ft, 1795).The petition, of Martin Walter, Michael Carman, Peter Crous, and Martin Stealy, Churchwardens humble sheweth that the Inhabitants of the township of Matilda being numerous and desirous of promoting the worship of the Almighty God, but unable to support a clergyman in a manner as would take his mind off the cares of the world, begs that Tour Excellency would be pleased to recommend them to the charity of the Society in England for a Mission to enable them to obtain so laudable an end.(QDA \u2014CI, p.4.) Lord Dorchester to Lt.-Col.Beck with (Castle of St Lewis, Quebec, March 5, 1795).He requests Col.Beckwlth to inform the Bishop of Quebec that It is the practice for Divine Service to begin when the King's representative takes his place in Church.Five weeks ago a pointed change took place and this mark of respect was transferred to the bishop In order that the bishop might not be hurried, he had requested Mr.Toosey to notify the Castle every Sunday morning when Mr.Toosey was ready to begin service.He requests that the bishop will Inform him whether this mark of respect shall In future be transferred' from the King's representative to the Lord Bishop of Quebec.(QDA \u2014 CI, p.42.) \"' j Rt Rev.J.Mountain to Lt.-Col.Beckwlth (Cape Diamond, March 6, 1795).He requests Cot Beckwlth to inform Lord Dorchester that the transaction complained of (transferring the mark of respect from the King's, representative to himself) was not even known to bun.His servant gives him notice ten minutes before the time that the sexton goes to inform Dorchester that the troops have entered the Church.He had no Idea Mr.Toosey delayed the service on his account No person can have a stronger desire to shew all possible respect for His Majesty's representative than himself.He apologies for the Impropriety though he had no share In producing it (QDA \u2014 CI, p.44.) Rev.John Stuart to Major E.B.Llttlehalea (Kingston, March SO, 1795).He outlines a plan for placing his son George in charge of a school to be opened at 212 ARCHIVES DE QUÉBEC Kingston.His son who Is a candidate for Holy Orders and who Is now an Usher In Mr.Keith's school at Quebec would otherwise be forced to go to the United States to complete his education.Inasmuch as the plan for a school In Kingston Is in the hands of the Lord Bishop of Quebec, he asks Major Llttlehnles to lay his statement of the matter before Governor SImcoe who has power to arrange the matter with the Bishop of Quebec.(QDA \u2014Ol, p.48.) Sir William Scott, Law Officer, to Bt Bev.J.Mountain (London, April 7, 1795).He is pleased to give the following answers to the enquiries which the Bishop has addressed to him.1.Churches may be consecrated, without offence to Canon Law, when a salary is paid regularly to the Incumbent by the Government until such tunes as another mode of providing a salary is found.2.The bishop may induct rectors to parishes upon the authority granted to the bishop by the Crown.The act of the bishop In doing so constitutes the Church a rectory.8.The bishop may and must govern bis clergy according to the Canon Law.that is, the sound part of it preserved in the practice of Episcopal Churches on account of Its Intrinsic good sense, but great simplicity In the use of forensic forms is expedient.With respect to the laity he very much doubts how far the bishop could apply the Canon Law to them.4.The bishop might call upon Churchwardens to report upon matters relating to their duties respecting the Church and clergy, but with the full approval of the civil Government 5.Churchwardens, whether Incorporated or not should* do all such parts-of their office as are practicable and not be required to do more.They should be sworn In before the bishop or the commissary, and should swear to report concerning the ecclesiastical concerns of the parish, but could scarcely be forced to do so.6.Ecclesiastical Courts should not be set up In a new country.These courts exist in England (being founded* originally In the superstition of the dark ages), but their work Is of a purely civil nature, such as the probating of wills.The same observation applies to the Matrimonial Jurisdiction of those Courts.It seems necessary that the bishop should be given the power to grant license for dispensation of banns of matrimony, but this power cannot be assumed unless given to the bishop.Yet the bishop may inhibit the clergy from marrying persons without publication of banns.(Quebec Episcopal Archives.) Rev.J.Stuart te Rt Bev.J.Mountain (April 28,1795).He Informs the bishop that the Rev.Mr.Tunstall had given Mr.Ogden a letter of Introduction, but he had not allowed Mr.Ogden, being an American, to preach.(An Act of Parliament and Episcopal Injunctions forbid Americans from preaching In Canadian pulpits).\" We are threatened with another visit from him In the Winter.\" There has been a division of opinion amongst members of the Congregation at Kingston.When the Church was finished, the ministers, churchwardens, vestry and parishioners, all of whom had been duly notified, met in the Church for the purpose of disposing of the pews.It was decided 'to sell them by public auction, subject to a yearly ground-rent but one of the Churchwardens, Capt Richardson, decided to set apart the ground-rent and form a Church rate, and then said \"he chooses rather to give up his pew than his opinion.\" Although he (Mr.Stuart) has lived ARCHIVES DB QUÉBEC 213 peaceably In Kingston tor ten years, he cannot gratify Capt.Richardson.(Kingston, Stuart Paper\"».) Rt Rev.J.Mountain to Duke of Portland (Powell Place, Quebec, April 25, 1796).He thanks the Duke for approving of his conduct He has not yet received the instruments appointing him to the Executive Councils.The appointment Is Important because It enables him to forward religion and education.Without the advice of the Executive Council, Dorchester takes no steps to regulate schools.Governors are not authorized to create parishes without its advice.The bishop's attention to these matters can only be effective by means of his appointment to the Councils.(PAC \u2014 Q74-1, p.862.) Rt Rev.J.Mountain to Major-General J.G.SImcoe (Powell Place, Quebec, April 25, 1795).The enclosed letter from the Duke of Portland leaves him in a state of uncertainty respecting the small salary for the schoolmaster at Kingston.He cannot Invite men from England to come to Canada without being able to make specific proposals to them.He asks Slmcoe's opinion of the expediency of setting up a claim to the tithe in Upper Canada and also whether it is desirable that he should visit Upper Canada.(QDA \u2014 C7, p.46.) Rev.John Stuart to Major-General J.G.SImcoe (Kingston, April 29, 1795).In compliance with Slmcoe's orders, he writes respecting the Glebe-lands comprising 200 acres purchased by the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel, upon which he resided from 1770 to 1777 at Fort Hunter, near Albany, N.Y.He was imprisoned at Schenectady from 1777 to 1780.During this time the lands were seized by a commissioner who now refuses to surrender them.(QBA \u2014 CI, p.58.) Major-General J.G.SImcoe to Rt.Rev.J.Mountain (Kingston, April 80, 1795).He informs the bishop that tithes would be insufficient for the support of the clergy and Impracticable to collect Dundas Informs him that the Province must look to Great Britain for its clergy, but he believes that such dependence will prove inadequate and fallacious.Seats of learning should be established in the country in order to begin and complete the education of children and thus qualify them for positions In Church and State.A University should be established at the Capital of the Province.The clergy required to hold office in a University should be Englishmen.The bishop Should not insist too strenuously upon learning as a qualification for Ordination.During his late progress through the Province the inhabitants applied to him for Churches and ministers.He expects many settlers from New England to establish themselves on tbe banks of the St Lawrence and Niagara rivers, and believes that intimate union between the British Episcopal Church and their independent form of worship would lay the foundation for friendship between Great Britain and these settlers.A University in Upper Canada would raise up a learned Clergy and tend to unite people of different political and religious sympathies.The labours of the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel would be of most essential benefit by promoting a University.He hopes that the bishop may be able to complete this work.He recommends the 214 ARCHIVES de QUÉBEC change of the name of commissary to that of Archdeacon.The name commissary, because of its military associations, does not carry with It that respect which becomes the character of an ecclesiastical person.He has been told that f 2,000 would be allowed for the purpose of erecting Churches In the Province.He encloses a petition for a clergyman from the.township of Matilda, The township of Oswegatchie petitioned him to approve of a Mr.Ogden, which he thought Improper.Many others have applied to him.The anxiety for religious privileges is universal.He sends Mr.Stuart's letter respecting the S.P.G.lands in the United States to the bishop.(Simcoc Papert, HI, p.848.) Major-General J.O.Slmcoe to Bt Bev.J.Mountain (Kingston, April 80, 1796) (private).The bishop's approval of his answer to Mr.Randolph's Invectives has given him the greatest satisfaction.He has been extremely ill during the winter.(QDA \u2014 CL p 69.) Bt Bev.J.Mountain to Bev.3.Stuart (Quebec, May 10, 1796).He is not sufficiently acquainted with the system of education in America to form a decision respecting thé advantage which Mr.Stuart's son may obtain by being placed in an American College, yet he thinks that it will be better to send him there than to let him remain at home.If George does not go to America, he will suggest some books to lend him.(Kingston, Stuart Paper*.) Petition.The Rector, Wardens and Vestry of William Henry (Sorel) to Lord Dorchester.They ask whether they are on the same footing as an English parish.Opinion of the Attorney-General (J.Sewell) whether the Rector, Wardens and Vestry of William Henry are a corporation having the right to call parish meetings for the purpose of assessing the people.Quebec, June 10, 1795.(PAO \u2014 Q-74, pp.201-203.) J.Sewell, Esq.(1).Attorney-General, to Lord Dorchester (Quebec, June 10, 1795).At the request of Dorchester, he replies in the negative to the following question, submitted to the Bishop of Quebec by the Bev.Mr.Doty and others of Christ Church, William Henry.: \u2014 Whether the rector, wardens and vestry of that Church are a corporation having authority to call Parish Meetings for the purpose of assessing the people?By the Common Law of \"\"g'Tid.including the Canon Law, Churchwardens have such a power, but In Lower Canada the Common Law of England is not in effect Its place Is taken by the ancient law of Canada which only recognizes the Church of Rome and does not apply to Protestant Institutions.(1) Jonathan Sewell, born in 1766 at Cambridge, Mass., was educated in the schools of Bristol, England.In 1785, he came to New Brunswick and entered on the study of law under Ward Chipman.He was called to the bar of Lower Canada In 1789.He was appointed Solicitor General and Inspector General of the Royal Domain in 1793.Two years later he was promoted to the office of Attorney and Advocate General .Prom 1796 until 1808, he represented the Borough of William Henry In the Legislative Assembly.He became Chief Justice of the Province In 1808 and died 1839.(Doughty & McArthur, Constitutional Documents, p 289.) ARCHIVES DE QUÉBEC 215 Bach Institutions mast look to the British Parliament and Provincial Legislature for Legislative guidance.He knows of no statutes that would give such powers as above mentioned to the parish of William Henry.Yet the object is of first importance and calls loudly for legislative action.(Quebec Episcopal Archives.) Bt Beverend J.Mountain to Rev.J.Stuart (Powell Place, Quebec June 25, 1795).He has no objections to Mr.Stuart's son George taking charge of the Kingston School, but the Duke of Portland has made no mention of a schoolmaster for Kingston.Mr.Ogden came into the Diocese for the purpose of marrying, in a clandestine, irregular and most Indecent manner, Mr.Tunstall and the daughter of General Christie.\"I highly approve of the caution and prudence of your conduct.It is but justice to Mr.Tunstall to add that he has since become very sensible of his error and has been legally married.\" He speaks of the trouble in Kingston.\"Church rates you know, are the custom of England, but I am aware that the practice of England upon this question Is probably not applicable to the circumstances of Upper Canada.\" He cannot see why Capt Richardson is opposed to rents.In England, Church rates are only recoverable in Ecclesiastical Courts.Mr.Langhorn has again written about the trouble between certain parishioners.He suggests that Mr.Stuart might give a bint that severe measures 'may be imposed upon these two persons.,(Kingston, Stuart Papers.) Rt.Rev.J.Mountain to Major-General J.G.SImcoe (Powell Place, June 25, 1795).The reply of Portland to the humble proposal for one poor schoolmaster (at Kingston) leads him to infer that the Government will turn a deaf ear to the proposal to establish a University.Therefore be is of the opinion that it is better to urge at present only the necessity of founding a good Grammar School.Such a school would prepare the way for founding a university.He suggests that It was for want of antecedent instruction in such schools that King's College at Windsor, N.S.(which began with fifty pupils and is now reduced to seven) has failed.On the subject of tithes he has asked the legal authorities to Instruct him as to the intention of the Act If it is inexpedient to assert the claim to the tithe, as SImcoe seems convinced It Is, he asks whether the suspension of the claim will not make it in the end Impossible to collect the tithe; also whether It is safe to rely upon Government bounty and the revenue of reserved lands for the maintenance of clergy?The appointment of Archdeacons may be attended with difficulty, but will be attempted by him.In tbe case of Mr.Stuart's son, he sees no difficulty in the scheme as proposed.(QDA \u2014 01, p.54.) Rt Rev.J.Mountain to T.A Coffin, Esq.Secretary (Powell Place, July S, 1795).He informsDorchester that thefirst step he took in the business in question (holding an Evening Service in the Recollets' Church at Quebec) was to.enquire at the Convent at what hour such a service could beheld without inconvenience to the Recollets.They replied by asking at what time it was bis wish to hold It He then consulted Dorchester's inclination before proceeding .further.(QDA \u2014 01, p.56.) .T.A.Coffin, Esq., to Rt Bev.J.Mountain (July 3, 1795).He Informs the bishop that Dorchester wishes to accommodate himself to the hour most conve- 216 ARCHIVES DE QUÉBEC nient to the rest of the congregation for the Evening Service In the Recollets' Church, due attention being paid to the convenience of those to whom the Church belongs.(QDA \u2014 CI, p.60.) J.King, Esq., to Rt Rev.J.Mountain (Whitehall.July 8.1796).The instruments appointing the bishop to the Executive Councils were sent to Dorchester, but appear to have miscarried.Duplicates will be sent as soon as possible.(QDA\u2014 01, p.67.) Lord Dorchester to Duke of Portland (Quebec July 11, 1796).He cannot understand how Dundas came to the conclusion that tithes were collected by Protestant Clergy In Canada.Any attempt to Introduce such a system would have serious consequences.(PAO \u2014 Q72-78-1, p.886.) Rt Rev.J.Mountain to Major-General J.O.Slmcoe (Powell Place, July 16, 1796).He mentions what Slmcoe has done for Mr.Ogden, and thinks that it is no light objection to hear that this gentleman came into the Province for the purpose of marrying two persons clandestinely without License or the Publication of Banns.(QDA \u2014 CI, p.68.) Bt Bev.Jacob Mountain to Lord Dorchester (Quebec July 17, 1795).In obedience to Dorchester's commands, he lays before Dorchester in writing the substance of what he had offered In conversation.The Attorney-General having; expressed the opinion that the parish of William Henry Is not a corporation with power to assess the people, and that therefore legislative action is needed to regulate affairs of the Church of England in this Province, he suggests that such legislation cannot remedy the defect until the Executive Council shall have erected parishes and endowed them in accordance with the provision of the 1791 Act He therefore proposes that rectories be constituted in Quebec, Montreal, Trois Rivieres and William Henry.He requests Dorchester to correct the unfit dependence of the Church of England upon the Church of Rome for a place of worship at Quebec and also to relieve the congregation at Trois Rivieres who perform Divine Service by sufferance in an ill-adapted Court House.He draws Dorchester's attention to the state of education In the Province, quoting the King's Instructions on the subject of the religious instruction of children in the Protestant Religion.There Is not a Grammar School in the Province worthy of the name, and there are no inferior schools of the character specified in the King's instructions.The result is that the higher orders of Society will be compelled to send their children to the United States to complete their education, and by this means disloyalty to the sovereign is likely to be inculcated in the minds of the youth of the country.He points out the advantages of allotting a sum for the purpose of placing in every township a Protestant schoolmaster who should teach English gratis and other subjects at any easy rate.Such a plan would be the means of forming a new race of christian men, it would also confirm the' loyalty of the people, Introduce-English sentiments and break down the partition dividing the Canadian from the-English inhabitants.(QDA\u2014Cl, p 60.) ARCHIVES DE QUÉBEC 217 Major-General J.G.Slmcoe to Rt.Rev.J.Mountain (Niagara, July 29,1795).He deplores the delay attending the establishment of the National Religion in the Province.He has fully explained his sentiments on the Important point of - religion.He suggests that a Pastoral, issued by the bishop and recommending the Inhabitants to persevere In the mode now In use of meeting In private houses to celebrate Divine Worship, would have an excellent effect (QDA \u2014 01, p.47.) Rev: J.Stuart to Rt Rev.J.Mountain (Kingston, August 23, 1795).He speaks of the School at Kingston.The suggestion to establish such a school came from Slmcoe.He is happy that the bishop approves of bis conduct in refusing to allow Mr.J.O.Ogden to perform clerical duties and feels ashamed of the conduct of the people at Oswegatchie.He refers to the trouble at Kingston and says that Capt.Richardson, who was Chosen Town Warden by act of the Assembly and Church Warden by the Parishioners, gathered together a few people who had not obtained pews and who did not want to pay a parish rate ; but when Capt.Richardson saw that congregation did not follow him, he yielded and re-purchased a pew.Space has now been provided for ail those desiring pews.A gallery has been erected over the Communion table for use of soldiers and the poor.Now all are satisfied.(Kingston, Stuart Papers.) Rt Rev.Jacob Mountain to Major-General J.O.Slmcoe (September 21,1795).He announces the birth of a Canadian son to himself and Mrs.Mountain, and asks Slmcoe to become a sponsor for the child.His motive in doing so Is his sincere esteem for Simcoe's character which is distinguished by genuine zeal for the best Interests of mankind.Simcoe's acceptance of the charge will be an honour and pleasure to him.Simcoe's declining will never be considered as any Indication of personal disregard.(QDA \u2014 CI, p.61.) J.Sewell, Esq., Attorney-General to Dorchester (October 1, 1795).In reply to an enquiry, he gives his opinion that Protestant ministers of the Church of England, duly presented to any rectory or parsonage erected in Lower Canada, will not be entitled to demand tithes of their parishioners by virtue of the 39th Sec.of the Statute 31, Geo.III.c.81.(PAO \u2014 Q74-2, p.222-9.) Lord Dorchester to Duke of Portland (Quebec, October 10, 1795).He has received application from the rector and others of Christ Church, William Henry, respecting their privileges as a corporation.He sends a copy of the petition from Christ Church, Montreal, for Letters Patent erecting It Into a parsonage, endowing the rector, wardens and vestry with corporate powers, but without subjecting the parishioners to tithes.There Is an essential difference of opinion between the late and present Attorneys-General on the subject of the authority of the Protestant Clergy In Canada to demand tithes.(PAO \u2014 QT4-1, p.199.) Major-General J.G.Slmcoe to Rt Rev.J.Mountain (Navy Hall, October 18, 1795).The estimates voted by Parliament for the Province Include five hundred pounds for the erection of Churches.Portland has written him In respect to the 218 ARCHIVES DE) QUÉBEC sevenths of land reserved for the clergy.His views in respect to a university are unchanged.They are founded upon a solid basis and Shall certainly appear as his system to the Judgment of posterity.(QDA \u2014 CI, p.68.) - Major-General J.G.Slmcoe to Bt Bev.J.Mountain (Navy Hall, October 20, 1705).He accepts the office of sponsor for the Bishop's young Canadian with pleasure and acknowledges the Bishop's approbation of what seems to the Bishop to be his real character.He wishes that such an opinion may descend to his children to assist them and to Instruct them that upright conduct Is not totally deprived of the approbation of the most respectable members of the Society.(QDA\u2014 01, p.64.) Bev.J.Stuart to Rt Rev.3.Mountain (Kingston, November 1, 1795).He reports the death of many persons, including Mr.and Mrs.Cartwrlgbt (senior).Commissary Maclean and Capt.Herkimer from a dangerous fever.\"The little storm, raised by a little blustering Sea Captain, has blown over, without any damage ; and I again entertain.hopes, that I may be permitted to end my days here In quietness, provided always that I ask or expect nothing from my Parishioners.\" Mr.Addison writes that £50 is an inadequate salary, that nothing Is received from the parishioners and speaks of going home.He has suggested that Mr.Addison go to Oswegatchie where he hears that £200 has been offered.Mr.Addison's congregation is decreasing.The School of Kingston was opened In August there being twelve scholars in attendance who pay at the rate of £4 (Latin scholars) and £8 (English scholars).His son George Is doing well.His salary as commissary has enabled him td offer his services gratuitously, as Chaplain to the Assembly of Upper Canada.He has sent butter to Mrs.Mountain.\" I have to request that Mrs Mountain will accept of It as a sample of the milk and honey of Upper Canada.I received orders from the Governor, enclosing a circular letter from the Under Secretary of State, on the subject respecting the Prayers now ordered for the Prince of Wales and Princess.I expected to have received these Orders from your Lordship; but as I am not very well versed in Ritual ft Ceremonials, and have been long in the habit of complying with the injunctions of civil Rulers, I obeyed.I hope I have done right\" (Kingston, Stuart Papers.) Rt.Rev.3.Mountain to Major-General J.G.Slmcoe (November.1795).He expresses gratification at the manner in which Slmcoe has complied with Mrs.Mountain's wishes and his own on the subject of their young Canadian.Their boy has been given a.name which may stimulate him in the pursuit of virtue.(QDA\u201401, p.61.) Rt Rev.J.Mountain to Major-General J.G.Slmcoe (November 5.1795).Referring to the vote of £500 for building Churches In Upper Canada, he thinks that Cornwall stands first then New Johnstown and then Adolphustown In Bay of Quinte.He will be ready to go to Upper Canada if Slmcoe desires him to do so.He will press for a decision respecting salaries of the Clergy.He received Simcoe's Intimation relating to a Pastoral Letter with some hesitation.A publie en- ARCHIVES DB QUÉBEC 219 courngement given by him to general meetings for the purpose of Divine Worship in private houses might be perverted and lead to Injury to the morals of the community.The field would be open to the Incursions of every enthusiast.Tet he does not absolutely decline this measure and may.send out something to the purpose which SImcoe suggests.(QDA \u2014 01, p.66.) Bt.Bev.J.Mountain to Duke of Portland (Powell Place, November 6, 1766).He has received word from SImcoe that £500 has been voted for building Churches in Upper Canada, and he hopes that this step will be followed by the appointment of ministers, with salaries adequate to their decent support.He draws attention to the expediency of fixing them at the various townships mentioned, except at Detroit which is given up.He states that his reasons tor this, given .In his letter to Dundas, are gaining strength with the increase of population.He hopes that pious and good men may be found to fill the office even at a smaller salary than that proposed, although he believes that £160 from the Government and £50 from the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel would not be more than an adequate allowance.The reserves will very gradually, he fears very slowly, yield any assistance.SImcoe believes that to collect tithes in Upper Canada would be In all respects Inexpedient, if not impracticable.Dorchester believes it would be impossible to establish such a claim in Lower Canada and very dangerous to attempt it.He reiterates his request for £150 to four clergymen annually, added to the present establishment in Upper Canada, and for a like allowance to Mr.Addison, minister at Niagara.He has received an application from Caldwell's and Christie's Manors situated at the entrance to Lake Ohamplain, there being 40 families In the former, and 20 in the latter, who have agreed to raise £50 a year in each manor for a clergyman.Caldwell will allot 100 acres for the benefit of a clergyman and help to build a Church.He supports their claim for assistance.He mentions the anxiety of his commissaries on account of the suspension of their salaries, although he bad been authorized by Dundas to employ them.They have not yet been put upon the Quebec establishment, although so far back as June, 1704, King wrote that orders had been given to that effect.He proposed to change the name from commissary to Archdeacon.He also asks for power to issue marriage licenses In order to prevent irregularities.He encloses a letter from SImcoe respecting a university for Upper Canada, and repeats the suggestion that the Bishop of Lincoln should be applied to for clergymen.(PAO \u2014 Q74-2, p.408.) Major-General J.G.SImcoe to the Duke of Portland (Navy Hall, November 8, 1705).He does not consider it possible to make the collection of tithes In Upper Canada either useful to the clergy or palatable to the people.The experiment would be most dangerous.There are very few members of thé Church of England in the Province.He has acquainted Mr.Addison that £100 will be allowed by the Government towards the erection of a Church at Niagara.(Simcoe Paper» TV, p.Ms.) .'''^BfBn&'< t Bt Bev.J.Mountain to the Duke of Portland (Powell Place, Quebec, November 16, 1705).He has been informed that Dorchester has received the duplicates of the Instruments for his appointment to the Executive Council of'Lower .Canada. 220 ARCHIVES DE QUÉBEC His sole ambition lu wishing for this appointment is to use his influence In the Council to the better establishment of true religion in the Province and to the faithful discharge of his duty to His Majesty.He thanks Portland for having attended to this subject (PAO \u2014 Q77, p.229.) Rt Rev.J.Mountain to the Duke of Portland (PoweU Place, Quebec, November 27,1796).He Informs Portland that he has been summoned by Dorchester to the Executive Council of Lower Canada.He has been Informed that Mr.Stuart has received the salary as commissary for Upper Canada.Mr.Toosey has heard nothing.He refers to Simcoe's letter making mention of the confiscation of lands In Vermont granted to the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel.(PAO \u2014 Q77,p807.) Lord Dorchester to Duke of Portland (Quebec, December, 1796).The numbers of Councillors being reduced by death to thirteen, new appointments must be made.He sends names of eight gentlemen.He has omitted the name of the Roman Catholic Bishop Hubert but seeing that the Protestant Bishop has a Seat he recommends that the same honour be conferred on Mr.Hubert (PAO \u2014 Q75, p.48.) - t 1796 Sir W.Grant to the Duke of Portland (Quebec, January 8, 1796).The Profr estant Clergy cannot collect tithes unless the power to do so shall be conferred upon them by legislative enactment (PAO \u2014 Q77, p 228.) Duke of Portland to Lord Dorchester (Whitehall, January 18, 1796).The question of tithes will be discussed In a separate letter.The powers of vestries of Protestant Churches must be the subject of legislative enactment in conformity with the Act of 1791.He does not think that this Act introduces Into Canada that part of English Common Law which relates to such matters.(PAO\u2014Q75-1, p.l.) Rt Rev.J.Mountain to Major-General J.G.Slmcoe (PoweU Place, January 26, 1796).He encloses extracts from his letter to Portland on the subject of Marriage Licenses, and believes that Slmcoe will approve of what he has said.The extreme irregularity prevailing makes it necessary for him to do as he bas done.He has referred the Information respecting the lands In Vermont belonging to the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel to the Secretary of that Society.(QDA\u201401, p.74.) Rev.Jeh.Mountain to the Secretary of the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel (Trois Rivieres, February 26,1796).He gives the Society a report of his mission.The Protestant population of the whole district numbers 208.There are only 123 at Trois Rivieres, 24 at Riviere du Loup (Berthler), 24 at Yamachlche, 22 at Masklnongé and 10 at St Anne's, At his request, the Government Engineers have separated a part of the Court House (in which Divine Service for some ARCHIVES DE QUÉBEC 221 Tears past bas been performed) at the joint expense of the Bishop, Mr.Veysslere and himself.The parishioners have built the seats.He holds services twice a Sunday and administers the Sacrament quarterly.The number of communicants has risen from 4 to 18.Most of his parishioners were Presbyterians, but many now conform to the rules of the Church.He frequently visits the Protestants at Riviere du Loup and M n chiche.(SPC \u2014 Journal 27, p.77.) Major-General J.G.Slmcoe to Rt, Rev.Jacob Mountain (York, February 27, 1798).He expresses his concurrence with the bishop's statements on the subject of Marriage Licenses, but Is anxious that such licenses be obtained with sufficient facility.This could be effected by delegating the power to issue licenses to a proper person residing at the Seat of Government.His health has undergone a great shock, but trusts bis native air will restore him.(QDA \u2014 01, p.76.) Major-General J.O.Slmcoe to Rt Rev.J.Mountain (York, February 27, 1798).In respect to the building of Churches, he has promised to give to Newark (Niagara) one hundred pounds This is to aid the subscriptions set on foot for the purpose, chiefly by Government officials who will be transferred to York presumably In June.He has ordered that the House of Assembly, which is to be Immediately erected at York, should be on such a scale as to be made a Church.He hopes that the Seat of Government will only temporarily be situated at York.In respect to the suggested Pastoral Letter relating to the assembling of private families for public worship, he agrees that such a letter might be liable to perversion.He has no idea that a university will be established in the Province, though dally confirmed of Its necessity.(QDA \u2014 Ol, p 78.) Major-General J.G.Slmcoe to Lord Dorchester (York, February 27, 1796).He Informs Dorchester that he has received a Mandamus appointing the Bishop of Quebec to the Executive Council of the Upper Province.(.Bimooe Paper*, vol.IV, p.200.) Major E.-B.Llttlehales to William Jarvls, Esq., Secretary of thé Council (York.February 28, 1796).He transmits to Jarvls a Mandamus appointing the Bishop of Quebec to the Executive Council of the Province of Upper Canada.(Bimooe Papers IV, p.202.) Bishop of Nova Scotia to Rt.Rév.J.Mountain (Clermont N.S\u201e March 20, 1796).He apologizes for his delay In answering Dr.Mountain's letter : the tragic drowning of his commissary Mr.Cook in the river St John on May 23, a prolonged fit of gout and the press of business were the reasons for It.He does not wish to have a seat'In the Legislative Council of Nova Scotia because Its members are re-, movable at pleasure, and therefore, the degree of weight and respectability attached to membership in it cannot be great The Canadian Upper House is on a much more respectable footing.He is trying to effect the building of Churches, the securing of parsonages and the improving of glebes attached to each parish.These glebes contain 600 acres.He mentions the pitiable condition of Religion in the 222 ARCHIVES DE QUÉBEC Province.Even tbe Indians are not more insensible to tbe duties of Christianity' than many professing christians in the country districts.There are great difficulties in the way of decently providing for the Clergy.He presents his compliments to Lord and Lady Dorchester and sympathises with them in the loss of their two sons.He was unaware of the title annexed to Dr.Mountain's position until Prince Edward informed him of it (QDA \u2014 CI, p.77.) Duke of Portland to Rt.Rev.J.Mountain (Whitehall, May 7.1786).Orders have been given in the estimates for salaries to be paid to the commissaries both of Upper and of Lower Canada.It is the business of persons claiming salaries from the Government to appoint agents in London to receive their salaries.No agents having been appointed to take out at the office in London the bishop's appointments to the Executive Councils, therefore Mr.King personally sent them to the bishop.Out of his desire to receive suggestions from the bishop respecting ecclesiastical affairs in Oanada, he has been led so far beyond the line of duty as to write directly to the bishop, but he reminds the bishop that communications between himself and the bishop on public affairs can only be made through the medium of the Governor, except in special cases.(PAO \u2014 Q77, p.297.) Messrs.Alex.Burns and 93 others.The Petition of the Presbyterians of the County of Grenvllle, U.0.(Grenvllle, May 27, 1796).That an Act passed In the second Session of tbe Legislature of this Province, entitled an Act to confirm and make valid certain marriages,' which confines the solemnisation of marriages to the Clergy of the Church of England, and thereby renders those solemnised by Presbyterian clergyman null and void in law, and tbe Issue of such marriages illegitimate, has greatly astonished and hurt your petitioners who are not conscious of a single blemish in their public character, from the memorable era of 1775 to this hour, that deserved any disqualifying distinction.That Religion being a personal thing, amenable only to the Divine Jurisprudence,, and its outward forms having no more connection in the nature of things with Civil Government than with Military Discipline, your petitioners conceive that an honest man Is more deeply interested'in liberty of conscience than in anything else in the world, and every good and peaceable subject is as much entitled to the exercise of private judgment in choosing the form of worship and Church Government that is most agreeable to his own ideas, as he is in regard to the management of his land or the model of his house.They can therefore see no reason why aU Christian marriages solemnized in the fear of God and agreeably to His Law should not be equally valid by the laws of man.(Bimeoe Papers IV, p 222.) ' Major-General J.G.SImcoe to John White, Esq., Attorney-General (Navy Hall, June 2,1796).\" I am to request your opinion whether the Bishop of Quebec or his commissary Mr.Stuart Is authorized to grant licenses to ministers of Churches dissenting from the established Church of England, to solemnize marriages, and whether marriages solemnized under such authority will be valid and legal, any law of this Province notwithstanding?\" (Simcoc Paper* IV, p.287.) ARCHIVES DE) QUÉBEC 223 J.White, Esq., to Major-General J.G.Slmcoe (Niagara, June 2, 1796).\"I had the Honor of Your Excellency's letter of thte date, desiring ray ' opinion whether the Bishop of Quebec, or his commissary, Mr.Stuart, is authorized to grant licenses to Ministers of Churches dissenting from the established Church of England, to solemnize marriages and whether marriages solemnized under such authority will be valid and legal, any law of this Province notwithstanding?' I can at present only Inform Your Excellency that the exercise of this power depends upon the Lord Bishop's Commission and the nature of his instructions.If they extend to Invest His Lordship with this power, it will certainly not militate against any law of the Province; but (as I conceive) rather be upheld by 26 H.8, c.21, which I beg to submit to your Excellency's wisdom.\" (Simcoc Paper* TV, p.287.) Archbishop of Canterbury to Duke of Portland (Lambeth House, June 7, 1796).He had received communications from Slmcoe to the Bishop of Quebec and from the Bishop to Portland.He thinks that the proposal to change the name of commissary to- that of archdeacon is reasonable.He suggests that the application of the Bishop of Quebec for power to issue marriage licenses should be referred to the Law Officers of the Grown.Another reason for doing so is the consideration which should be given to the amount of revenue Involved, If a change should take place.At the same time, if jurisdiction could be given to the bishop, many irregularities might be presented.He believes that because of the dearness of provisions, the missionaries should receive a fair salary to enable them to meet their wants.(PAO \u2014 Q77, p.822.) Major-General J.G.Slmcoe to Duke of Portland (York, June 20, 1796).He sends Acts of the Legislature, a copy of his speech and the addresses of both Houses.There was no disposition in either House to oppose the measures of Government, but petitions from the Eastern District for the repeal of the Marriage Law were in very unbecoming terms ; he mentions the agitation respecting this law.He refers also to the petitions signed by men who should act otherwise.The attack on the National clergy (Church of England), will be resisted ; all classes of dissenters professedly joined under the indeterminate name of Presbyterians.Their next attempt will probably be directed against the sevenths set apart for the National clergy.Enclosed : 1.Representation of grievances in respect to the Marriage Law by the Presbyterians of Grenville, March 27 ; 2.Opinion by White, Attorney-General, that the power on the part of the Lord Bishop of Quebec, to grant to dissenting ministers In Upper Canada the right to solemnize marriages, depends on the terms of his commission and the nature of his instructions.(PAO\u2014 Q282-2, pp.480, 499, 604.) Duke of Portland to Major-General J.G.Slmcoe (Whitehall, June 22, 1796).He encloses an application from the Bishop of Quebec for four Clergymen to be sent to Upper Canada, each to be paid a salary of £160'a year.This is exclusive of Mr.Addison, now at Niagara.He cannot admit this inclusion as Niagara must shortly be given up, and Mr.Addison should be one of the four Clergymen.He 224 ARCHIVES DE QUÉBEC thinks £100 is enough, with any addition that may be made to it by the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel, and by contributions received from parishioners.He will propose an addition of £400 in the estimates for Upper Canada, until the Church and glebe lands shall become productive.He will notify the Society and endeavour to procure suitable clergymen.Chief Justice Elmsley will be accompanied by a clergyman of Independent means and most respectable character, who is recommended to Slmcoe's attention.The sum of £600 has been granted in the last and this year's estimates towards building churches, as an Incitement to the inhabitants.He thinks no further grant should be applied for until these sums have been expended.The allowances given for the support of the clergy are to be considered as temporary, the colony is entitled to make a suitable provision and the parishes Should devise means of providing for their own clergy, until the Church lands become sufficiently productive.All idea of tithes should be abandoned and means of providing for a suitable maintenance of tbe clergy should be adopted.Alluding to the question Of schoolmasters and their necessary qualifications, he thinks that, in the present state of Upper Canada, Quebec or Montreal would offer themselves as suitable places for a public school where Greek, Latin and other branches may be taught.There is a very good Seminary of this kind in Nova Scotia.He desires that the contents of this letter be communicated to the Bishop of Quebec, with whom measures are to be concerted for carrying out the objects discussed.(PAO \u2014 Q282-1, p.167.) Duke of Portland to Lord Dorchester (Whitehall, June 22, 1796).He authorizes an allowance of £100 a year for a clergyman at Caldwell's and Christie's Manors, provided that the situation of these Manors is suitable for the purpose and that the people give the £26 annually, as promised.The people should be reminded that they should make suitable provision for their own clergy and that the Government allowance should only be considered as temporary.If this temporary provision cannot be made by means of tithes, then the Provincial Legislature should at once find a way of maintaining the clergy during the Interval.He sees no objection to changing the title of commissary to archdeacon, provided no change In functions or powers is intended, but if it should be thought improper to give the commissaries a name which belongs to an office for life in England, and which is vested with certain peculiar powers, then he suggests changing the title of commissary to that of bishop's official.It would be Inadvisable to give the bishop the power of granting marriage licenses (which at present must be in the Governor's hands) unless the bishop were to be given sufficient means to enforce this power; but It appears to him that, if the bishop could have this power, greater regularity in granting marriage licenses and solemnizing marriages would result.He will therefore submit the question to the Crown Lawyers in order to ascertain in what way this power could be given to the bishop.(PAO \u2014 Q76-2, p.266.) Bev.R.Addison to the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel (Niagara, June 27,1796).He submits to the Society a report of his journey to the Mohawks, Capt.Brant interpreted for him.Many Indians, Whites and three Negroes were baptized.(SPG \u2014 Report 1196, p.42.) ARCHIVES DE QUÉBEC 225 Rt Rev.J.Mountain to Major-General J.G.Slmcoe (Jane 30, 1796).He expresses the great concern with which he heard of Simcoe's proposal to sail for England.Simcoe's departure is an ill omen for the Country, which needs an energetic mind to counteract its fatal indifference towards Canadian and British Interests.He invites the Slmcoes upon their arrival In Quebec to make use of his house.(QDA \u2014 CI, p.89.) Rt Rev.J.Mountain to Lieut-Gen.R.Prescott (July 2, 1796).He understands that Dorchester referred the Rev.Mr.Tunstnli's request to go to England to Prescott and encloses Mr.Tunstail's letter of March 3.He believes Mr.Toosey has accepted the proposals made by Mr.Tunstall for the performance of Mr.Tun-stall's duty at Montreal.(QDA \u2014 CI, p.90.) H.W.Ryland, Esq.(1), Secretary to Lt-Gen.Prescott to Rt Rev.J.Mountain (Castle of St Lewis, July 2, 1796).He informs the bishop that Mr.Tunstall may have six months' leave of absence in order to go to England, if the bishop is satisfied that Mr.Tunstail's duties will be performed regularly during this period.(QDA \u201401, p.91.) Rev.Salter J.Mountain, Secretary to Rt.Rev.J.Mountain, to H.W.Ryland, Esq.(Woodfield, July 4, 1796).The Lord Bishop of Quebec desires him to Inform Ryland for the Information of Prescott that the Bishop is satisfied that proper arrangements are made for the performance of Mr.Tunstail's duties during his absence.(QDA \u201401, p.92.) H.W.Ryland, Esq., to Rev.S.J.Mountain (Castle of St Lewis, July 6,1796).General Prescott having received the Lord Bishop's letter grants Mr.Tunstall leave of absence.(QDA \u2014 CI, p.93.) Rt.Rev.Jacob Mountain to Lord Dorchester (Woodfield near Quebec, July 8,1796).He bids farewell to Dorchester whose long life of public service deserves every mark of honour, and commends the excellent example set by Lady Dorchester and Miss Carleton.He regrets that circumstances had forbidden Dorchester from taking steps to advance the Church of England and liberal Education in the Province.He acknowledges Dorchester's personal, civilities to himself and his family.(QDA \u2014 01, p.94.) Duke of Portland to Rt.Rev.J.Mountain (Burlington House, July 20, 1796) (private).He introduces to the Bishop the Rev.Mr.Raddlsh whom he has select- (1) Herman Witslus Ryland was born In Northampton, England, in 1760.In 1781, he entered the service as Assistant Deputy Paymaster General to the Forces in North America, and on the close of the War returned to England with Sir Guy Carleton.When Lord Dorchester resumed the Government of Lower Canada In 1793, Mr.Ryland accompanied him as Principal Civil Secretary.In 1796.he was appointed Clerk of the Executive Council, a position which he held until his death.He died at Beauport July 20, 1838.(Doughty and McArthur, Const.Documents, p.280.) 226 ARCHIVES DB QUÉBEC ed as one of the four clergymen to be sent to Upper Canada in consequence of the Bishop's letter to him.Mr.Reddish is a gentleman of independent fortune and accompanies Mr.Elmsley, Chief Justice, to Canada.He encloses his letter to Simeoe relating to Mr.Raddish.(QDA \u2014CI, p.00.) Major-General J.G.SImcoe to Rt Rev.J.Mountain (Montreal, August 1, 1796).He accepts the bishop's permission to make use of the bishop's town house, If he should be detained at Quebec.The pressing Importunities of his physicians obliged him to solicit leave of absence which His Royal Master accorded to him most graciously and condescendingly.His return is uncertain.(QDA \u2014 CI, p.97.) Sister Ste-Ursule, Superior, to Rt Rev.J.Mountain (Ursullne Convent, Trots Rivieres, August 13,1796) (In French).She presents to the bishop and family the respect of herself and the members of the Ursullne Community who treasure the memory of the kindness which the bishop bestowed upon them.(QDA\u2014CL p.97.) Rt Rev.J.Mountain to Lieut-Gen.R.Prescott (August 29,1798).Dorchester has communicated to him the sentiments of Portland respecting the necessity of regulating the powers of vestries and Churchwardens by act of Provincial Legislature.He believes that parishes must first be constituted in different parts of the country according to the provisions of the Act of 179L The Governor is authorized to do so with the consent of the Executive Council.He submits the expediency of adopting such a measure to the determination of Prescott's wisdom.(QDA \u2014 Cl, p 99.) Rt Bev.J.Mountain to H.W.Ryland, Esq, (August, 1798).A couple whose parents are embarking for England wish to be married at once.Owing to the absence of Mr.Lynd, they cannot get a license.Mr.MontmoUin sent them to him for an authority which he cannot grant He presumes he has a concurrent Jurisdiction in these cases but does not exercise it, and therefore troubles Ryland on the subject Tbe case of these poor people seems hard and, if It is represented to the Governor, a license may be granted.(QDA \u2014 CI, p.96.) Rt Rev.J.Mountain to Duke of Portland (Quebec, September 2,1796).He explains the reasons which led him to address Mmunif directly to Portland instead of through the King's representative in Canada.Both Dorchester and Dundas desired him to write directly to His Majesty's ministers and he considered these instructions as the rule of his conduct He «mnlrn Portland for Informing him about those cases for which Parliament has made a pecuniary provision and needs not inform Portland that his appointment to the Executive Council is without salary.He explains why he has not heard of the payment of salaries to the commissaries.In future cases he will govern Mmaaif by the instructions received from Portland.(PAO \u2014 Q77, p 866.) ARCHIVES DE QUÉBEC 227 Dieut-General R.Prescott to Duke of Portland (Quebec, September 9, 1798).He reports a serious fire in Quebec which burned the Convent and Church of the Recollets.He states that these would have fallen to the Crown on the death of the Superior, who Is very aged and infirm.He wishes the Government to take immediate possession and make a moderate provision for the few brothers remaining.The Roman Catholic Bishop has offered the use of-the Jesuits' Chapel for Protestant Service.(PAO\u2014Q77, p 216.) - H.W.Ryland, Esq., Secretary to the Governor, to Rt Rev.3.Mountain (September 9.1798).Prescott desires him to Inform Dr.Mountain that both the Roman Catholic Bishop and the Rev.Father Cazot have offered the Jesuits' Chapel at Quebec for the use of members of the Protestant Church.(QDA \u2014 01, p 101.) The Rev.S.J.Mountain, Secretary, to H.W.Ryland, Esq.(September 10, 1796).He informs Ryland that the Bishop of Quebec desires to thank! Prescott for having communicated to him the offer of the Roman Catholic Bishop.Having visited the Jesuits' Chapel, he finds that it Is not fit at present for the performance of Divine Service.(QDA \u2014 CI, p.102.) Gen.R.Prescott to Rt Rev.J.Mountain (Quebec, September 18, 1796).He desires to defer the adoption of any measures which would constitute parishes and rectories until he has received the signification of the King's pleasure concerning them.(QDA\u2014Cl, p.103.) Rt Rev.J.Mountain to General R.Prescott (Woodfield, September 15,1796).\" I take the liberty of suggesting that as the Jesuits' Chapel appears to be very insufficient for the due accommodation of the Protestant Congregation, & as it should seem that the Recollets are neither able nor indeed disposed to attempt the reparation of their Church ft Convent the present moment may not be unfavourable for asking His Majesty's gracious protection ft support for the Church of England; that In their Bishop's See, they (the members of that Church) may obtain a decent suitable ft independent placé of Divine Worship\" (QDA \u2014 01, p.104.) General R.Prescott to Rt Rev.J.Mountain (September 17, 1796).He has written to Portland enquiring about the ground on which the Recollets' Chapel stood.(QDA \u2014Cl, p.106.) Rt Rev.J.Mountain to Archbishop of Canterbury (September 17, 1796).A late fire burnt down the Recollets' Convent and their Church of which members of the Church of England had by sufferance the use.Since this event they are permitted to use the Jesuits' Chapel which is Insufficient for the purpose.The Recollets will not rebuild.Only the walls of their building are left The grounds and the garden will be at His Majesty's disposal.He suggested to Prescott that the present is a favourable moment for asking His Majesty's support for the Church of England, in order that its members may obtain an independent place of worship Prescott has asked Portland to what use the Recollets* property may be 228 ARCHIVES DE QUÉBEC Rt Rev.J.Mountain to General R.Prescott (Quebec October 27, 1796).The Letters Patent Issued to the Bishop of Quebec give the Bishop power to appoint commissaries, and acting under these powers he has appointed Mr.Toosey his most usefully appropriated.He hopes that the Archbishop will recommend that it may be need for the erection of a Church for Protestants.(QDA\u2014 Cl, p.106.) Lieut-General R.Prescott to the Duke of Portland (Quebec, October 14, 1796).He advises Portland that caution Is necessary in determining the extent of the ecclesiastical powers to be Invested in the Protestant Bishop of Quebec.(PAO \u2014 Q78, p.2.) Bt Bev.J.Mountain to General R.Prescott (October 20, 1796).The Inhabitants of L'Assomption desire to obtain the services of a clergyman.He has visited the place, has seen Col.Connolly at Woodfield and now hopes that Prescott will support the plan.\u2014 He has received applications for ministers from other places and sends Prescott the papers received from the Manors of Caldwell and Christie (October 21, 1796).(QDA\u2014CL pp.107-8.) Bev.S.J.Mountain, Bishop's Secretary, to H.W.Ryland, Esq.(Quebec.October 26, 1796).\"Colonel Caldwell having communicated to the Bishop of Quebec your letter of this date, respecting Mr.Toosey's salary, his Lordship begs to be informed whether there be any particular form by which it will be proper for him to certify his Excellency & the Council that Mr.Toosey is his Commissary for Lower Canada.\" (QDA \u2014 Cl, p.109.) General R.Prescott to Rt Rev.J.Mountain (Quebec, October 27,1796).He trusts that the Bishop will excuse him from complying with the Bishop's request that he should furnish a certificate that Mr.Toosey has been appointed commissary, and gives his reasons for declining to accede to the request (QDA \u2014 Cl, p.110.) H.W.Ryland, Esq., to Rev.S.3.Mountain, Bishop's Secretary (Castle of St Lewis, Quebec October 27,1796).Prescott desires to observe to the Bishop's Secretary that \" In his Capacity of Lieutenant-Governor, the regular Channel of his receiving a notification of Mr.Toosey's Appointment (so as to enable him to give -' the Certificate requested by Colonel Caldwell) is through the medium of the Secretary of State.\" (QDA \u2014 CL P-118.) ¦ The Bt Rev.J.Mountain to Gen.R.Prescott (October 27,1796).He Informs Prescott that the Rev.P.Toosey, whom he had appointed commissary In 1798, acting under the powers granted to the Bishop of Quebec, had received no salary as commissary.He also informs Prescott who had refused to give Mr.Toosey a paper to certify that Mr.Toosey had been appointed commissary (for the reason that he Prescott had not been officially Informed of the appointment by the Secretary of State), that such a paper was necessary before the Agent In London could apply for the payment of Mr.Toosey's salary.(QDA \u2014 CL p.LU.) ARCHIVES DB QUÉBEC 229 Commissary, but Mr.Toosey bas received no salary as commissary.The case might be cleared of all farther delay If Prescott thought it expedient to certify that Mr.Toosey is actually commissary for Lower Canada.(QDA \u2014 Ol, p.112.) Gen.R.Prescott to Rt Rev.J.Mountain (Quebec, October 28, 1796).His only motive in declining to give the certificate respecting Mr.Toosey's appointment is his own sense of propriety and regularity In official transactions.(QDA \u2014 01, p.114.) Rt Rev.J.Mountain to Gen.R Prescott (Quebec, October 28, 1796).A sense of duty and of justice to Mr.Toosey Induced him to write to Prescott upon the subject but he desires to have it understood that he made no requests upon the subject (QDA\u201401, p.115.) Rt Rev.J.Mountain to Gen.R.Prescott (November 8, 1796).He intends to attempt \" the securing absolutely of the sum mentioned to the Incumbent of Caldwell's and Christie's Manors but there will be difficulties.\" Of the proposal for L'Assomption, he feels it a justice to himself to remind Prescott that his representations upon this subject were founded upon observations made by himself during an actual visit to the place.(QDA \u2014 01, p.116.) Gen.R.Prescott to Rt.Rev.J.Mountain (November 8, 1796).Portland Insists that the sum of £25 promised by the inhabitants of the Manors of Caldwell and Christie be absolutely secured to the incumbent before any appointment be made.He intends to visit L'Assomption next year.The inhabitants are partly Protestant partly Roman Catholic, and desire to have a schoolmaster.He has been Instructed to give a most vigilant, constant and economical attention to the public expenses of the Province.(QDA \u2014 01, p.117.) Rev.P.Toosey to J.King, Esq.(Montreal, November 5, 1796).The vessel containing the letter authorizing tbe payment of bis salary as ecclesiastical commissary for Lower Canada has been captured.He asks that steps be taken to enable him to draw his salary.(PAO \u2014 Q79-2, p, 447.) Rev.J.Stuart to Rt.Rev.J.Mountain (Kingston, November 15, 1796).He informs the Bishop that the Rev.Robert Quirke Short, who came to Canada by way of New York, was ordained deacon September 21,1783, and priest September 80,1787, by the Bishop of Bath and Wells ;.was curate at Nettlecombe, Somersetshire ; went to New York, May, 1796, intending to purchase land, changed his mind and arrived in Canada with wife and .children, October, 1796.Mr.Short professes to be a Surgeon and Physician, but has no testimonials.Mr.Short has preached at Kingston and Niagara.He is undecided whether or not to recommend Mr.Short who possesses no striking talents, yet might prove to be a useful parish priest and be fitted for the Charge of OswegatCbie.He intends to visit Oswegatchie and Cornwall when the Ice forms.His son is studying Divinity.(Kingston, Stuart Paver*) 230 ARCHIVES DB QUÉBEC Bt Bev.J.Mountain to Secretary of the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel (Powell Place, Quebec, November 27, 1796) (Extract).He cxpi casus to tbe Society his gratification for the considération they have given to his communications and for the representations they have made to the Government on the subject He has recommended the application of the Inhabitants of Caldwell's and Christie's Manors for a clergyman to the Patronage of the Government He hopes the Society will make an allowance also.He has applied to the Government for additional salary for Mr.Addison of Niagara, The addition to Mr.Addison's salary which the Society has made will be very acceptable.He encloses communications from SImcoe and from Commissary Stuart, respecting the Glebe at Port Hunter, N.V., and other matters.(Agreed that the Bishop be again assured that the Society are very ready to assist any clergyman who may be sent to Canada with the Government Allowance).(SPG Journal 27, p CO.) Bt Bev.Jacob Mountain to the Duke of Portland (Quebec, December 23, 179S) (private).Messrs.Elmsly and Baddlsh bavins; gone to Upper Canada through New York instead of Quebec, Portland's letter to htm was transmitted from Niagara.He promises to give every attention to Mr.Reddish who is a person of so much worth as to be honoured with Portland's recommendation.He expresses satisfaction that Portland's letter affords him the prospect of seeing three more clergymen soon sent to Upper Canada.(QDA \u2014 Cl, p 118.) Rt Rev.J.Mountain to Rev.J.Stuart (Quebec, December 26, 1798).Replying to tbe letter of November 11, he states that he approves of the conduct of Mr.Stuart and that the Bev, Mr.Short cannot have the appointment under the circumstances mentioned by Mr.Stuart He asks Mr.Stuart to give him his opinion of the conduct of Mr.Langborn ; also to encourage Mr.Raddish, who is arriving in Canada ; also to inform him whether there will be a sufficient number of persons prepared to be confirmed in Upper Canada next summer, or whether his proposed visit should be postponed.(Kingston, Stuart Poser*.) 1797 Archbishop of Canterbury to Duke of Portland (Lambeth, February 8,1797.) He encloses an extract of a letter from the Bishop of Quebec remarking that the Interests of the Church of England In Canada may have suffered from the delay in the delivery of the letter, bat trusts that no recommendation may yet have been made respecting the ground on which tbe Recollets' Church and garden stood.He refers to the mortifying state of the Church of England in Quebec tor want of a decent place of worship and he trusts that consideration may be given to the Bishop's request (PAO\u2014Q 70-2, p.453.) Hon.William Grenvllle to the Duke of Portland (Dropmore, February 13, 1797).He transmits a tetter from the Archbishop of Canterbury with an extract relating to the establishment of the Church of England In Canada.(PAO\u2014Q79, p 467.) ARCHIVES DE QUÉBEC 231 The Hon.Peter Russell (1), President of Upper Canada, to the Hoke of Portland (West Niagara, February 24, 1797).He transmits an address from the Justices of the Peace for the Home District asking for a salary for the Rev.Mr.Addison.He recommends that the prayer of the address be complied with.The Protestant Church at Kingston Is the only regular one belonging to the Church of England in the Province.He asks leave to have churches built at Newark, York, Cornwall and at the chief town in the Western District.(PAO \u2014 Q283, p.104.) Lient-General R.Prescott to the Rt.Bev.J.Mountain (Quebec, February 28, 1797).Bo soon as the people of the two Manors of Christie and Caldwell shall present him with a deed guaranteeing £25 a year for support of a clergyman, he will submit the deed to the Crown lawyers.If they approve of it, and agree that it secures the people against a demand for tithes on their lands, he shall have the deed filed and then proceed to carry ont such/ Instructions relative to this matter as the Secretary of State may give him.The Church which it is proposed to build in these two Manors should be centrally situated.(QDA \u2014 Cl, p.119.) Rt.Rev.J.Mountain, to Lt.-General Prescott (Quebec, March 1, 1797).He will endeavour to have the above mentioned deed drawn up in accordance with Prescott's request, but observes that no security can be given to the subscribers living In these manors from aU demands for tithes because of the provisions of the Act of 1791.He encloses Portland's letter on the subject.He presumes Prescott will think it inexpedient to try to secure people against the right of the tithe by such a method, however Impolitic lt may be to enforce this right.(QDA\u2014 01, p.120.) Rt Bev.J.Mountain to Lt.-Genernl Prescott (Quebec, March 4, 1797).He encloses a draft of the above mentioned deed requested by Prescott Mr.Justice Williams, who drew it up, has followed the custom of the Roman Catholic bishops by giving to the bishop of the diocese the power to fix the site of the proposed Church, in case of a difference of opinion among the parishioners on this point Inasmuch as Prescott does not think lt proper to leave the direction of this matter in the bishop's bands, he asks that Prescott's name be inserted in the deed in place of the bishop's.(QDA \u2014 Cl, p.122.) II.W.Ryland.Esq., to the Rt Rev.J.Mountain (March 20.1797).He informs the Bishop that Prescott has sent the draft of the above mentioned deed to the Attorney-General for his consideration.(QDA\u201401, p.128.) Rev.J.Stuart to Rt Rev.J.Mountain (Kingston, April 18,1797).He was In Montreal In January and had preached is varions townships on his way to Pointe (1) Peter Russell, a native of Ireland i educated at Cambridge ; Captain 44th Regiment 1778; Assistant Secretary to Sir Henry Clinton; participated in the expedition which took Charleston, 8.O.177940.A member of the Executive and Legislative Councils and Receiver General of Upper Canada, 1792-1808 ; Administrator, July 20, 1796 to August 17,1799; died at York, U.C., September 80, 1808.(Simcoc Papers I, p.120.) 232 ARCHIVES DE QUÉBEC au Baudot.At Cornwall, he had gathered together members of the Church and told them that It would be necessary for them to make provision for a clergyman.The prospect of their doing so seemed good.At New Johnstown he had done the same thing and had preached at the house of Bph.Jones.Fifteen miles further on he had preached at the house of Captain Jessup and also at Jessup's Mills nine miles farther up.He had visited the Mohawks and, after having obtained Mr.Langhorn's permission, bad preached in the frontier part of Fredericksburg.Once again Mr.Langhorn is in trouble.Because irregular marriages had been legalized by an Act passed by tbe Legislature of Upper Canada, Mr.Langhorn supposed that all marriages by dissenting ministers were null and void, and when two couples,.who had been lately married by a Lutheran Minister,' exchanged wives, Mr.Langhorn was willing to mary them.\"But they did not think It proper to carry the farce any further 1 \" After having conversed with Mr.Langhorn he had promised to report the case to the Bishop.He has not yet heard from Mr.Raddlsh, but had heard that a clergyman was at Niagara with the Chief Justice.The School has now eighteen pupils, but bis son George ought to go to College.Mr.Short is still In Kingston, practising Physic.A letter from England will unravel the mystery.(Kingston, Stuart Paper*.) Rt Bev.J.Mountain to (?) (May 11,1707).Further consideration has confirmed him in an opinion recently expressed by him In the committee (of the Executive Council) on the subject of land grants.He furnishes evidence to shew that it was not the Intention of the Government to grant whole townships to parties consisting of two or three applicants only.(QDA \u2014 01, p.124.) H.W.Ryland, Esq., to Rt Bev.Jacob Mountain (Castle of St Lewis, May 12, 1707).Prescott returns the draft of the deed, mentioned above with the Attorney-General's report attached, and when the deed is signed and executed Prescott will give the allowance of £100 a year (according to permission received from the Secretary of State) to the clergyman who shall be sent to the two Manors of Christie and Caldwell, but requests further time to consider tbe proposal to erect a Protestant parish on those seigneuries.(QDA \u2014 CI, p.125.) Rt Rev.J.Mountain to Lt-General Prescott (Quebec, May 18, 1707).He acknowledges receipt of the draft of above mentioned deed, proposing to amend a defect in the deed pointed out by the Attorney-General.He asks whether Prescott has any person in view for this cure or whether Prescott wishes him to try to find an incumbent He did not make a proposal that a Protestant parish should be erected upon these two manors and gives his reason for not doing so.(QDA\u2014CI, p.126.) Lt-General Prescott to the Rt Rev.J.Mountain (Quebec, May 13, 1707).He wishes to leave the Choice of clergyman for the above mentioned manors in the bishop's hands.(QDA\u2014CI, p.128.) Rt Rev.J.Mountain to Lt-General Prescott (Quebec, May 18, 1787).The choice of a clergyman for the above two manors being committed to him by Prescott he will write to England.(QDA \u2014 01, p.127.) ARCHIVES DE QUÉBEC 233 Lt-General B.Prescott to the Rt Hon.William Wyndham, Secretary at War (Quebec, May 13, 1797).In order to put into effect the Crown's warrant for the gradual abolition of Regimental Chaplaincies and for the performance of religious duties in the Army, he recommends the Rev.H.Croft, now absent be ordered to do the duty at Quebec, the Rev.J.Tunstall of Montreal, the Rev.Jeh.Mountain of Trois Rivieres, the Rev.J.Stuart of Kingston, to do the duties at these places, and that other clergymen be appointed to do the duty at the following towns: William Henry, Fort George at Niagara, Amherstburg (Detroit), and Island St.Joseph.He has asked H.R.H.Prince Edward to write to Wyndham on this subject (PAO \u2014 C68, p.61.) The Hon.Wm.Osgoode (1), Ohief Justice, to the Rt Rev.J.Mountain (May, 1797).Replying to the question proposed by the Bishop whether marriages solemnized by dissenting ministers were legal, inasmuch as magistrates were mentioned in the Act and dissenting ministers were not he observes that a marriage solemnized by such a minister in Upper Canada would have no further validity than a marriage solemnized by such a minister in England.(Que.Epi sc.Archives.) The Hon.William Osgoode to the Rt Rev.J.Mountain (May 21, 1797).In answer to the Bishop's question whether the Legislature of .Upper Canada had not passed a bill rendering marriages by dissenting ministers Illegal, he replies that he does not believe that any such act has been passed by this Legislature.An act was passed authorizing Justices of the Peace to solemnize marriages, because many marriages had been contracted and the ceremony performed by persons not duly qualified.The Act provided that, until there should be a certain number (five) of clergymen of the Church of England within a district it should be lawful for Justices of the Peace, observing specified formalities, to solemnize marriages in that district.(Que.Bpisc.Archives.) (1) William Osgoode born in England, 1764.Galled to the Bar, 1779.First Chief Justice of Upper Canada, 1791-1794, and Member of the Council.Speaker of the Legislative Council.Chief Justice of Lower Canada, 1794-1801, in succession to William Smith.As member of the Executive Council, he came Into conflict with Dorchester and Prescott.He was in reality master of the Executive Council which at this time was' engaged in controversy with Prescott over the granting of Lands.Prescott desired to sell lands by public auction, and in this way to put an end to the traffic of the land-dealers and to destroy the monopoly which they had acquired.In his endeavour to defeat the plans of the Council which opposed him, Prescott insisted upon determining what papers should or should not be entered in the minutes of the Council, and in this way spoiled a good case by injudicious action In conducting it Osgoode led the opposition to Prescott Portland decided to end the confusion in the Council by recalling Prescott.Osgoode came into conflict with Prescott's successor and, in 1800, submitted his resignation to Portland.He retired on a pension, returned to England'and died in 1824.(Shortt and Doughty : Canada and its Provinces, III, p.165.) 234 ARCHIVES DB QUÉBEC Bt Bev.J.Mountain to Bev.J.Stuart (Quebec, May 21, 1797).Mr.Stuart's conduct gives him great satisfaction and he rally approves of all that Mr.Stuart has done at Cornwall and the other places mentioned.Portland proposes to send three more clergymen and he Is convinced they will arrive.Mr.Stuart may reprimand Mr Langhorn for his Impolitic and absurd conduct (Kingston.Stuart Paper*.) H.W.Ryland, Esq., to Bt Rev.3.Mountain (Quebec, May 22,1797).He informs the Bishop that Prescott having Just heard from Mr.King that he may order payment of a salary to Mr.Toosey, desires to know the date of Mr.Toosey's appointment as Bishop's Commissary.(QDA \u2014 CI, p.129.) Rt Rev.3.Mountain to H.W.Ryland, Esq.(Quebec, May 28,1797).He had offered the appointment as commissary to Mr.Toosey, July 28,1798, and received a letter of acceptance two days later, but owing to Mr.Toosey's absence in England, Mr.Toosey did not receive'the instruments of his appointment until November 8, 1794.(QDA \u2014 01, p.180.) Bt Rev.J.Mountain to H.W.Ryland, Bsq.(Woodfteld, May 81, 1797).He had written to General Christie stating the successful issue of the application for a clergyman for Caldwell's and Christie's Manors, and requesting Christie to intimate to him if he (Christie) wished to support the measure.Christie replied that the two southern seigneuries are greatly increased and that, if a separation could take place, the people would build a Church and parsonage and subscribe as liberally as their neighbours on the Bast side had done towards the support of a clergyman.Christie offers land for a glebe and an ample subscription.Communication between tbe two manors Is difficult owing to hot springs that' make the passage over the Ice dangerous.Though anxious to encourage every application of this sort, he foresees difficulty in proposing that the Government, which has made an allowance of £100 for the two manors, should make such an allowance to each separately.He hopes he may be honoured with Prescott's sentiments upon the subject before giving any encouragement to Christie's proposal.(QDA\u201401, p.182.) H.W.Ryland, Esq., to the Rt Rev.J.Mountain (Castle of 8t Lewis, June 8, 1707).He had laid before Prescott tbe Bishop's letter containing Gen.Christie's proposal for a separate ecclesiastical establishment on Christie's Manor, with an offer of a liberal subscription towards such a parish, but Prescott is of the opinion that it would be difficult to get an additional allowance from the Government for this purpose.Prescott suggests that the present allowance be divided and that support be obtained for two clergymen to be placed upon the manors.(QDA\u2014 CI, p.184.) Rt Rev.J.Mountain to H.W.Ryland, Bsq.(Quebec, Jane 6,1797).Replying to Prescott's proposal, he thinks that the sum which can be raised by the people ARCHIVES DE QUÉBEC 235 of the two manors, added to the sum promised by the Government for the support of a clergyman at the Manors, will be too small to be divided among two clergymen.£130 a year cannot suffice for the decent support of a Clergyman in a remote district.If the Government Increased the salaries of the proposed two Clergymen from £60 to £100 a year each, lt might be possible to find men of proper character who would go to such a place.This extra amount might be forthcoming upon the death of the two French ministers at Trois Rivieres and Quebec.(QDA\u2014 Cl, p.186.) H.W.Ryland, Esq., Secretary, to Rt Rev.J.Mountain (Castle of St Lewis, June 8, 1707).Prescott does not conceive it possible to give an assurance to the Bishop of Quebec that an additional 60 pounds a year will be added to the 60 pounds now proposed for each clergyman on Caldwell's and Christie's Manors.Prescott directs him to observe that the allowance granted to the Rev.Jen.Mountain of Trois Rivieres was intended only to be continued until Mr.Veysslere's death ; and also to say that the allowance granted to Mr.Montmollin is for the support of a minister to French Protestants at Quebec Prescott suggests that the Bishop should revert to the original plan of establishing a clergyman at the above manors until such time as a favourable opportunity shall offer of putting the new arrangement Into effect (QDA \u2014 CL p.186.) Rt Rev.J.Mountain to H.W.Ryland, Esq.(Quebec June 10,1797).He gives reasons for the plan proposed In his last letter, but la ready to revert to the original plan of sending one minister to the manors.(QDA \u2014 Cl, p 187.) \u2022 Duke of Portland to Lt-General Prescott (July 18, 1797).He replies to the proposal to change the plan of locating the Crown and Church reserved lands, by stating that the interests of His Majesty and the Province require that the original plan be adhered to, (QDA\u2014Cl, p.138.) President Russell to Duke of Portland (Newark, July 21, 1797).He states that the Assembly was prorogued on the 3rd of July, and that for various reasons he is unable to send copies of the Acts passed, but he forwards the schedule and hla speech to the two Houses.He sends the bill reserved for the Royal assent to make valid certain marriages and to provide for the future solemnization of marriage.He also transmits a proposed Act and an address from the Legislative Council respecting lands for a Protestant clergy.(PAO\u2014Q283, p.208 and p.211.) President Russell to the Rt.Rev.J.Mountain (July 31, 1797).He encloses Portland's letter to Slmcoe and explains the reason for delay in considering it.This was partly due to the suddenness of Mr.Raddiah's departure from Canada.He highly commends Mr.Radish who had constantly filled the Church and arrested the attention of the congregation.A few more such Clergymen would soon make a great alteration In the manners and morals of the people.Should Mr.Raddish return to York, he requests the Bishop to confirm his appointment to that puce.He 236 ARCHIVES DB QUÉBEC recommends that Mr.Addison should be continued in charge of Newark under the Bishop's sanction, and that a clergyman be placed at Sandwich which promises to be the most populous town of the Province ; also that a clergyman be placed at New Johnstown in the Eastern District.As there are no Protestant Churches West of Kingston and as £1,000 has been voted by Parliament to be disposed of as the Bishop may advise, he proposes that £600 be appropriated for building a handsome Church at York, the seat of Government, £200 each to Sandwich and New Johnstown and £500 to Newark, for the same purpose.Having received no warrant to pay Mr.Stuart's son a salary as schoolmaster at Kingston, he asks the Bishop's sentiments on the subject.He will be happy to concur in any measure recommended by the Bishop for advancing the Protestant faith and promotion of piety and virtue in the Province.(QDA\u2014CI, p.130.) H.W.Ryland, Esq., to the Bt.Rev.J.Mountain (Québec, August 7, 1797).The Council particularly wishes to have the advice of the Bishop when making a report on land matters at a committee of the whole Council to be held in the Bishop's palace on August 8.(QDA \u2014 01, p.140.) J.Sewell, Esq., Attorney-General, to Lt-General Prescott (Quebec, August 13, 1797).He submits a report on the question referred to him by the commissioners for building Churches, etc., in the district of Trois Rivieres.Nothing short of an Act of Legislature can diminish any parish designated by the Règlement of 1721.He gives a brief narrative of the facts relating to this Règlement which is now part of the Law of Canada.(QDA \u2014 01, p.141.) The Hon.Peter Russell to Duke of Portland (Upper Canada, August 20,1797).A copy of the letter of the 22nd of June, 1790, has been transmitted to the Lord Bishop of Quebec.He sends a copy of his letter accompanying it which explains his views.The inhabitants are too thinly scattered and too poor to contribute much towards the support of their clergy.The late bounty will be received with gratitude and he has no doubt they will be happy in adding what they can, whenever clergymen of proper character and qualifications shall be appointed.He en-Closes a resolution of the Council on the management of the Crown and Church lands, in accordance with the opinion of the law officers in the Province ; a copy of the resolution will be sent to the Bishop of Quebec for his ideas on the subject.The interests of the Crown and Clergy have not suffered by the delay, as few persons will offer acceptable rents till the Government shall begin to Blacken Its hand in granting waste lands gratis.(PAO \u2014 Q283, p.28L) Duke of Portland to President Russell (Whitehall, September 11, 1797) (Extract).\u2014 £400 Is appropriated in the estimate of Upper Canada for the salary of four clergymen, including Mr.Addison whose character is well entitled to the attention of the Government £500 was granted In 1795, and the like sum in 1796, towards the building of Churches.\" His Majesty will always be- ready to give every assistance and encouragement to his Province of Upper Canada, In making due provision for Its Church Establishment \" (QDA\u2014 Cl, p 142.) ARCHIVES DE QUÉBEC 237 H.W.Ryland, Esq., to tbe Bt.Rev.J.Mountain (Castle of St.Lewis, September 15, 1797).Tbe Rev.Mr.Toosey haying died, Prescott wishes to appoint either the Bishop's brother or Mr.Salter Mountain (the Bishop's nephew) to the vacancy at Quebec, unless the Bishop desires to recommend another clergyman.(QDA \u2014 01, p.145.) Rt Rev.J.Mountain to Oen.R.Prescott (September 15,1797).Ryland having Informed him that Prescott is willing to appoint either his brother or nephew to the benefice vacated by Mr.Toosey's death, he desires to thank Prescott for having anticipated his application.His brother desires to stay at Trois Rivieres, but he will be happy to see his nephew stationed at Quebec.He Is appointing his brother as commissary or official for Lower Canada.(QDA \u2014 01, p.146.) Lt.-General Prescott to the Rt.Rev.J.Mountain (Quebec, September 15, 1797).He will be happy to meet the Bishop's wishes with respect to the vacant benefice at Quebec.The Bishop's letter notifying him of the appointment of a commissary is a sufficient warrant to enable him to order the payment of the salary annexed to this office.(QDA \u2014 01, p.147.) Robert Prescott Governor.\u2014 Letters patent appointing Salter Jehosaphat Mountain to be curate and rector of the Parish of Quebec In room of Philip Toosey, deceased (Castle of St.Lewis, Quebec, September 15, 1797).The letters recite that Salter Mountain has officiated for twelve months past as assistant minister at Quebec to the great satisfaction of the congregation, and Is a fit person to have the care of the souls of the King's good subjects professing the Protestant and Catholic Faith, congregating in the Church at Quebec.The Grown presents Salter Mountain to the vacant position and commands the Rishop to institute him as parson and rector of the Church at Quebec.(QDA \u2014 Cl, p.149.) Lt-Oeneral Robert Prescott to Duke of Portland (Quebec, October 4, 1797).He announces the death of the Rev.P.Toosey and the appointment of the Rev.Salter Mountain, nephew of the Bishop, to succeed as minister of the Protestant Church at Quebec.(PAO \u2014 Q79-2, p.348.) Notice (October 25, 1797).\u2014 Tbe Lord Bishop of Quebec has appointed the Bev, 3.Mountain as his official for Lower Canada.(Quebec Gazette.) Hon.Peter Russell to Major-General J.G.Slmcoe (December 9, 1797) (Extract).\" I am sorry to observe to Your Excellency that we are miserably off for Churches and clergymen.I have recommended to the Bishop that of the £1,000 - voted for building Churches in this Province, half may be appropriated to York and £250 each to New Johnstown and Sandwich and the remainder to Newark.\" (Bimooe Papers Misc.) ._ The Marriage Act (December 27, 1797).To extend the provision of an Act passed by the Provincial Parliament entitled an \" Act to confirm and make valid certain Marriages \" heretofore contracted In the country not comprised within 238 ARCHIVES DB QUÉBEC the Province of Upper Canada, and to provide for the future solemnization of Marriages within the same.Confirmed and finally enacted.(Statutes of C.C, .p.79 \u2014 Kingston 1831.) Report of the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel (London, 1797).The Bev.J.Stuart visited the settlements on the St Lawrence in February.He also went to the Mohawk village and to the Bay of Quinte.In all there are 400 souls.Many of the Mohawks are going to the Grand Elver where Brant resides.The Bishop of Quebec has informed the Society (February IB, 1797) that money to buy Communion Plate was left to the Bev.J.Langhorn, who refused to buy it for fear It might be stolen, but the Bev.J.Stuart vouches for the honesty of Mr.Lang-horn's parishioners.Therefore the Communion Plate will be sent (SPG \u2014 Export and Journal, 1797.) 1798 Bt Bev.Jacob Mountain to President Russell (Quebec, January 9,1798).He acknowledges the consideration which Russell has given to ecclesiastical affairs in Upper Canada.He hopes that the addition of £1,000 has been made to the estimates of Upper Canada as provision for four clergymen, including Mr.Addison (whom Portland mistakenly thought would be free to go elsewhere at the time that the Fort at Niagara was given up to the United States).He mentions the towns of Cornwall, New Johnstown, Adoiphus Town and York to His Majesty's ministers as places calling for attention ; but Russell, to whose opinion he defers, places Sandwich first Cornwall has repeatedly asked for a clergyman and promised to raise a certain sum annually.He will confirm Mr.Rnddish (if this gentleman returns) and Mr.Addison In their positions at York and Niagara as Russell desires.He will visit the whole of his diocese next summer.Mr.Stuart's son intends to maintain the school at Kingston, in spite of the lack of funds.The commencement of this Grammar School is of great importance.Mr.¦ Addison desires rations as Chaplain to the Indians.He believes that Russell will agree that legal security should be given by the parishioners to their clergymen until such time as they are otherwise provided with a salary.(QDA \u2014 CI, p.162-3.) Rt Rev.Jacob Mountain to President Russell (Quebec, January 11, 1798).No.2.\u2014 He has received a letter from Sir J.Johnson enclosing one from Capt Brant on the subject of establishing a clergyman among the Five Nations, but, owing to the irregularity In the application respecting Mr.Phelps, be Is placed under considerable difficulty.Both from religious and political motives, he desires to send a clergyman to the Five Nations and hopes Russell will ask Portland for a salary for such a clergyman.(QDA \u2014 Cl, p 164.) Rev.J.Stuart to Bt Rev.J.Mountain (February 7,1798).He gives an account of the public examination at the school.His son George is reading Divinity.He informs the Bishop that the Rev.Davenport Phelps came to Niagara, as a land speculator, with his wife and children some years ago.Although good in con- ARCHIVES DE QUÉBEC 239 versation, Mr.Phelps Is speechless at the Bar.Capt Brant will press for the appointment of Mr.Phelps, and if Mr.Phelps Is sincere, he thinks that no objection can be raised, but \" I most observe that a man placed in that station will have lt in his Power to aid or obstruct the Views of Government In a very marked degree.In the late American wars, the Mohawks, under my charge were to a man Friends to the royal cause, and the Oneidas, where a Presbyterian missionary resided, were as universally Republicans.\" A Presbyterian from the United States la now at Oswegatchie.There la no Church there and he did not visit them this winter.(Kingston, Stuart Papers.) President Russell to the Duke of Portland (York, February 20, 1706).The Bishop of Quebec has approved of Mr.Addison, who Is to be one of four to receive a salary.No part of the £1,000 for building Churches had been applied for, until a short time ago when the bishop consented that £600 be appropriated towards building a Church at York, and that the other £600 be divided among Cornwall in the Eastern, Newark in the home, and Sandwich in the Western Districts.To carry this out, he has requested the Chairman of the Quarter Sessions in the respective districts to recommend that an adequate subscription be raised by the inhabitants, according to their abilities, and that a treasurer and churchwardens be elected in order to take charge of the money and to superintend the building.His Majesty's constant readiness to assist in making provision for the Church establishments cannot fall to impress his subjects with his goodness.(PAO\u2014Q284, p 70.) President Russell to the Rt.Rev.J.Mountain (York, February 22, 1788).No.2.\u2014 He mentions that he la aided by a faithful clergyman on the spot to whom he may confide the superintending of the erection of a Church in the Capital.He acquiesces in the Bishop's plan for distributing the money voted for building Churches to the three towns of Cornwall, New Johnstown and Newark.Sandwich should have a clergyman and a Church because of Its proximity to the Frontier and because of the need of a religious influence to counteract evils to which it is exposed.Portland's letter encourages him to hope for further aid towards the Church establishment He outlines a plan for making the Clergy Reserves more productive.This plan is now before the Executive Council.(QDA\u2014Cl, p.166.) The Hon.P.Russell to Rt Rev.J.Mountain (York, February 22,1708).He Is not authorised to continue Simcoe's 'donation of £100 to Mr.Geo.Stuart for the care of the school at Kingston, but will communicate with Portland on the subject \" His Father is a clergyman for whom I have a deserved regard.\" He is also unable to authorize the issuance of rations to Mr.Addison as missionary to the Indians, but believes that Prescott will be ready to pay attention to the Bishop's recommendations upon this subject.(QDA \u2014 01, p.166.) President Russell to Rt Rev.Jacob Mountain (York, February 22, 1708).No.4.\u2014 Confidential.Replying to the Bishop's letter of Jon.11, he thinks that if Mr.Phelps who is an attorney la not more competent to execute the functions of a clergyman than those of a lawyer, the Bishop will not judge Phelps to be a fit 240 ARCHIVES DE QUÉBEC subject for Ordination.Capt.Brant probably recommended Phelps (who Is an American Colonel, In poor circumstances and with a large family) as missionary to the Five Nations on compassionate grounds.The Five Nations Indians on the Grand River have a decent Church which they piously attend.They need a resident clergyman, although Mr.Addison of Niagara attends regularly to this part of his duty.(QDA \u2014 01, p.157.) The Hon.John Elmsley, Chief Justice, to President Russell (Council Office, York, April 20, 1798).He submits a report of the Executive Council on the subject of leasing the Crown and Clergy Reserves of Upper Canada.In drawing up this scheme, the Council desires that lt should not only serve the purpose/ of affording a revenue from the lands, but also he the means of interweaving the established constitution in Church and State with the whole social system In Upper Canada, so as to engage men's interests in its support and to make lt essential both to the security of property and the preservation of religion and civil order.(QDA \u2014 01, pp.158-161.) Rt.Rev.J.Mountain to J.'Sewell, Esq, Attorney-General (May 27, 1798).Having a doubt on the subject of what constitutes a clergyman the legal rector of a parish, he asks Sewell to consider the implications of the Act which makes a clergyman ipso facto rector of a Church and of all that belongs to the Church, Including the freehold of the Church and of Its dependencies.Since the rector of Montreal is actually possessor of the freehold of that Church, he asks whether the donation of the Church Yard may not legally be made to the rector of Montreal.He desires Sewell simply to give his assent or dissent to this question.He is writing to Mr.Tunstall of Montreal.(Québec, Sewell Papers.) J.Sewell, Esq., Attorney-General, to Rt.Rev.J.Mountain (May 28,1798).He replies in a tentative manner to the Bishop's question (whether the rector of the Church at Montreal Is not a.corporation capable of receiving a donation of land for a Churchyard) by saying that the rector of Montreal Is not a body corporate.A rectory has not yet been erected by the Government In Montreal, and therefore the ancient law and also the Act of 1774 which give a Protestant minister no rights must subsist (Que.Episcopal Archives) \u2022 ¦ ,,-¦.''/.'.'r;,.: * r- ' ¦ Rt Rev.J.Mountain to J.SeweU, Esq.(May 28,1798).He is extremely obliged for the favour of Sewell's letter, but submits certain remarks relating to SeweU's observations; 1.that tbe law of Canada introduced by the Quebec Act of 1774 forbids the exercise of the Protestant Religion ; 2.that the ministers of a religion not tolerated by the laws of a country cannot under the laws of that country have any civil rights ; 8.that the Parliament of Great Britain appears to have contemplated the situation of the Church of England with this Idea ; 4.that In Montreal a rectory has not yet been erected by the Governor.He questions the validity of Sewell's contention which he believes would make the Act of 1774 contradict Itself, Inasmuch as this Act provides for the encouragement of the Protestant Religion and maintenance of Protestant Clergy.He asks whether the Acts ARCHIVES DE QUÉBEC 241 of 1774 and 1791, both of which provide for a Protestant Clergy, do not supersede those parts of the Law of Canada which relate to the intolerance of such a clergy?He replies to Se well's next contention, that the Parliament of Great Britain appears to have contemplated the situation of the Church of England with this idea, by stating that the Government contemplated it with a very different view, and quotes the Boyal Instructions issued to successive Governors to the effect that the Church of England should be established in principle and in practice.These Instructions are recognized in the Act of 1791.He Is perplexed by Sewell's final contention that a rectory has not been erected at Montreal, and quotes tbe opinion of Sir Win.Scott to the effect that if the King requires the Bishop to institute a clergyman to a Church, the clergyman becomes the legal rector and nothing more is necessary to constitute the Church a rectory.(Que.Episcopal Archives.) Rt.Bev.J.Mountain to J.Sewell, Esq.(Quebec.June 7.1798).He asks whether upon further investigation Sewell still is of the opinion that the Clergy of the Church of England in Canada, under the laws of the country, have no rights and cannot receive a donation of land.He desires to write to the rector of Montreal upon the subject (Que.Episcopal Archives.) J.Sewell, Esq., to the Bt.Bev.J.Mountain (June 7, 1798).He informs the Bishop that the business of the present term of tbe King's Bench has prevented him from replying to the Bishop's letter of May 28, but he will give hiB Immediate attention to it His opinion on the present situation of the Church of England in Canada was not expressed so clearly as It ought to have been.(Que.Episcopal Archives.) Bt Bev.Jacob Mountain to J.SeweU, Bsq.(Woodfield, June 8, 1798).He apologizes for reminding SeweU of the subject of his letter of May 28th during term time of the Court of the King's Bench.(Que.Episcopal Archives.) J.Sewell, Bsq.to Rt.Bev.J.Mountain (Quebec, June 11,1798).He apologizes for his delay in answering the Bishop's letter of May 28.Upon further reflection, he cannot hold that Mr.Tunstall is a body politic quoad the Church of Montreal.There cannot be a rector where no rectory subsists and that cannot be a rectory where there is no land.The present Church in Montreal was formerly in possession of the Jesuits.In 1791 Lord Dorchester merely gave permission to members of the Church of England to occupy the buildings upon sufferance.No title whatever was given to them.He is of the opinion that the erection of rectories under the Act of 1791 would remove aU doubts.He suggests that the Churchyard be conveyed to a certain number of members of the Church of England now residing in Montreal, in trust for tbe congregation.(Que.Episcopal Archives.) Bt Bev.Jacob Mountain to J.SeweU, Bsq.(Quebec, June 11,1798).He thanks SeweU for the convincing way in which the question whether Mr.Tunstall has right to hold property has been answered, but he still entertains a doubt on the 242 ARCHIVES DB QUÉBEC question whether the King's presentation of Mr.Tunstall as rector of the Church at Montreal does not give a title to the land, Inasmuch as the Churchyard at Montreal Is at.the King's disposal.(Quebec, Betcett Paper*.) A Council decision (June 11,1786).A complaint having been made that certain applicants had improperly gone on the land before obtaining patents to do so, and therefore have merited the Government's displeasure, the Council decides ' that applicants for land, who have gone to the expense of surveying and settling the townships for which they have applied, are deserving of the Government's favour.(QDA \u2014CI, p.162.) Bt Bev.J.Mountain to President Russell (Quebec, June 12, 1788) No.&\u2014 Having been disappointed that the number of clergymen proposed by Portland had not been sent out in the Spring Fleet he defers his intended visitation to Upper Canada until next summer, when he hopes there may be a re-lnforceraent of clergy, and when his visit will be more advantageous.He is ready to go this year if requested.He agrees that a discreet and good clergyman should be placed at Sandwich.He also realizes that the grant to the school at Kingston cannot be continued.He is concerned that Portland does not give much weight to what has been submitted by him on the subject of Education, but merely refers the people of Upper Canada to the schools of Montreal and Nova Scotia.He points out that there Is no hope of obtaining a grant for schools In Lower Canada, and that the College In Nova Scotia seems to have failed.Gentlemen of the Province are now compelled to send their sons to England or to the United States for a liberal education.This subject is of great moment He approves of Russell's plan of making the Clergy Reserves more productive and offers further suggestions on the subject (QDA \u2014 CI, p.168-5.) Bt Bev.J.Mountain to President Russell (Quebec, June 12, 1796).No.4.(Private).The particulars which Russell states respecting Mr.Phelps convince him that Mr.Phelps is an improper man to be admitted to Holy Orders.He expresses satisfaction that Russell agrees that missionaries should be placed In every Indian Village, especially In the settlement of the Five Nations.He has obtained an Increase of salary for Mr.Addison from the Society for tbe Propagation of the Gospel.(QDA \u2014CI, p.166.) J.Sewell, Esq., to Bt Bev.Jacob Mountain (Quebec, June 14, 1798).He replies in the affirmative to the first fonr of the Bishop's questions contained In the letter of June 11.namely : 1st Is not the King's authority paramount to that of his Governor?2nd.Cannot the King supply whatever is deficient in the title given by Lord Dorchester?3rd.Are not the Church and Churchyard of Montreal at his Majesty's disposal?4th.Is the King not competent to give title to them?He gives reasons for replying in the negative to the Bishop's fifth question, namely : Does not the King's Presentation, in which he commands the Bishop to institute Mr.Tunstall rector of said Church and to invest him with all the rights thereunto belonging, give that title?(Que.Episcopal Archives.) ARCHIVES DE QUÉBEC 243 Rt Rev.J.Mountain to J.Sewell, Esq.(Woodfield, June 19, 1798).He offers Sewell bis sincere thanks for having satisfied him upon the topics submitted for consideration.He again discusses the implications of the King's presentation of a cleric to a rectory, and quotes the opinion of Sir William Scott on the subject Nevertheless, he advised Mr.Tunstall to act In accordance with Sewell's suggestion, that the Churchyard at Montreal be conveyed to trustees who shall act for the congregation.(Que.Episcopal Archives.) President Russell to the Duke of Portland (July 4, 1798).He sends extracts from the correspondence with the Lord Bishop of Quebec, respecting a missionary for the Indians on Grand River.He points out the moral and political expediency of having a clergyman stationed among the Indians.He asks for another stipendiary clergyman ; he has taken £200 from the £500 for building a Church at York to be applied towards building one at New Johnstown.The Western District Is the only one which has reported the appointment of wardens to take charge of the money collected and appropriated for building a Church.He has, therefore, only drawn for £200 In favour of the wardens at Sandwich, to enable them to build a Church in that town.He awaits the arrival of Mr.Raddish or some other clergyman for York, before drawing the £300 appropriated for building a Church there.(PAO \u2014 Q284, p.178.) .Rt Rev.J.Mountain to the Hon.William Osgoode, Chief Justice (Woodfield, July 18, 1798).No.1.He submits strong objections both to Osgoode's \" Counter-Conditions \" (referring to objections raised to Prescott's contention that the Governor should decide what papers on the land question should or should not be entered in the Minutes of the Executive Council), and also to Osgoode's \" Condition\".There is a great difference between a condition that is meant solely to guard against Impropriety, and a condition that implies dishonourable conduct.He gives reasons why he desires Osgoode to reconsider the matter.(QDA\u201401, p.108.) The Hon.William Osgoode to Rt Rev.J.Mountain (Quebec, July 18, 1798).No.2.He states that although the proposed communication comes with a bad grace at this stage, and although it Is distrustful to clog lt with a condition and indelicate to propose a counter-condition, and although Prescott's procedure may not be perfidious, yet as the bishop thinks' that the counter-condition Is very questionable, he will accept the Bishop's caution and think twice before adopting the counter-condition.(QDA \u2014 01, p.167.) President Russell to the Rt.Rev.J.Mountain (York, July 20, 1798).He transmits the plan for leasing the Crown and Clergy Reserves.The Executive Council has recommended the payment of two years' arrears of salary to Mr.Stuart's eon as schoolmaster at Kingston.(QDA \u2014 Cl, p 169.) Rt.Rev.J.Mountain to Rev.J.Stuart (Quebec, July 21, 1798).The Spring Fleet has arrived, but lt brought no clergymen and he does not know whether Mr.Raddish means to return.He expresses his disappointment and intends to 244 ARCHIVES DE QUÉBEC defer his visitation of Upper Canada, because of the fewness of the clergymen and of those who are ready to be confirmed, and because of the great distance.He is sorry that the Kingston School had to be closed.Apparently Portland, contrary to the opinion of himself and Slmcoe, does not think a Grammar School la necessary.Slmcoe has resigned.\"The invasion of England has probably before this time been attempted by the French.I have no fear for the event; trusting to the well known bravery ft patriotism of my countrymen & still more to the Protection of that Being, whom, with all their faults, they have not yet denied ; and to whom, I hope, ft believe that they yet almost universally look up as the Disposer of all human events, ft the author of all good.With England certainly we should fall, and, with England, I trust we shall stand.\" He has received a humble, pious letter from Hr.Short, but it was not the letter of a man of education or of sense.He considers Hr.Stuart's disapprobation of what has happened at Oswegatchie as natural and just, but desires him not to desert the people in that place for too long a time.He is glad to receive long letters from Mr.Stuart In whom he places great confidence.(Kingston, Stuart Paper*.) .Bt Bev.J.Mountain to (?) (undated, 1798).He submits criticisms of a BIU on the subject of wills and testaments and states that if the present law Is not clearly understood by lawyers, it will be doing effectual service to the Country to place the points at Issue beyond the possibility of doubt by means of a Declaratory Act He encloses extracts from the French law on the subject (QDA \u2014 01, p.177.) The Hon.William Osgoode to the Bt Rev.J.Mountain (Quebec, August 1798).He encloses the draft of an Address to Prescott on Prescott's late extraordinary remarks.He requests the bishop to revise and correct it (QDA\u2014Cl, p.170.) Bt Bev.J.Mountain to the Hon.William Osgoode (August 1798).He encloses thirteen amendments to Osgoode's Address to Prescott In order to remove objections to lt and to give greater weight to the remonstrances which lt contains.(QDA\u201401, pp.171-2.) Bt Bev.J.Mountain to (?) (August-1798).He submits comments on a document relating to the Land question.(QDA\u2014Cl, p.176.) Bt Rev.Jacob Mountain to Hon.William Osgoode, Chief Justice (August 2, 1798).He submits a large number of amendments to Osgoode's Report (QDA \u2014 Cl, pp.178-175.) Rt Rev.J.Mountain to H.W.Ryland, Esq.(June 1798).He asks Ryland to deliver or post a sealed letter to the Bishop of Lincoln and to deliver an other letter In person when an opportunity affords for meeting the Bishop.(PAO \u2014 Q81-2, p.559.) ARCHIVES DE QUÉBEC 245 Rt.Rev.J.Mountain to Bishop of Lincoln (June 8,1788).He introduces and recommends Ryland to the Bishop of Lincoln.(PAO\u2014 Q81-2, p.668.) The Hon.John Young, Councillor, to H.W.Ryland, Esq.(Quebec, August 14, 1798).He gives details of Prescott's treatment of the Council and of the unsuccessful attempt to detach the Lord Bishop of Quebec from other members of the Council.He states that seeds of mischief are being sown in the Country and that the Council must get a new Governor or the Governor a new Council.The difficulties have been caused by delay in settling the question of the Church lands and were the consequences of Prescott being so ill-advised as to continue to grant the lands alone.(PAC \u2014 Q81-2, p.677.) Rt Rev.J.Mountain to Rev.J.Stuart (Woodfield, August 16, 1798).Although he thinks that dissenters should have little to do with the education of youth, yet Mr.Stuart might employ one of them temporarily.A schoolmaster will surely come from England The President is very civil to him.The Society for the Propagation of the Gospel will not adopt Mr.Short and therefore he cannot \"I am not at aU sorry that Mr.Radish does not return.His manners, conversation and dress, when he was here, sufficiently satisfied me that he is by no means a fit man for the situation in which he was placed \u2014 or Indeed for the promotion of Gospel simplicity & piety in any place whatever.Of his talents I think less favourably than you do, but It is not so much talents that we want as a sincere seal, governed by a sound discretion.\" Although he respects the Loyalists, yet he has his doubts about the fitness of Mr, Stuart's Connecticut correspondent who wants to come to Canada, and who apparently has declined a mitre.(Kingston, Stuart Papers.) H.W.Ryland, Esq., to Rt Rev.J.Mountain (Northampton, September 1, 1798).He thanks the Bishop for the honour done to him by giving him an Introduction to the Bishop of Lincoln, but he has not yet presented it in person.The Bishop of Quebec will be pleased to know that Lord Spencer is convinced of the injustice of Prescott's conduct to him.Portland Introduced him to Mr.King with whom he discussed the Church lands.During the voyage to England the Lively was captured and his box of papers containing letters entrusted to him by the Bishop's family was thrown overboard.He reports that the people of England during the present crisis are aroused and determined to defend their liberties and Interests.He thanks the Bishop for the very flattering mark of regard with which the Bishop has honoured him.(QDA\u2014CL P 180.) Bt.Bev.J.Mountain to the Bishop of Nova Scotia (Woodfield, Quebec, September 16, 1798).He sincerely laments the distance which prevents them from consulting with one another.Those In authority in Lower Canada are often unaccountably Indifferent to the interests of religion although they have the power to farther these Interests, but those in authority in England are favourably disposed to assist them.He remarks that he has much less ecclesiastical and much more civil business than he likes.Portland has left the members of the Church 246 ARCHIVES DE QUEBEC without the necessary number of ministers in Upper Canada.In Lower Canada the Government is cautious of granting aid to ministers, bnt adds a condition which calls for real security, on the \"part of the applicants, for the sum subscribed by them.The land granting business Is involved in so many difficulties that it will be long before the Church will benefit from this provision.At Quebec the members of the Church of England have the use of the Jesuit Church and he has not prevailed upon the Government at home to do anything for them.The people at Quebec do nothing for themselves.If it were possible he would like to visit the Bishop of Nova Scotia in order .to confer with one who like himself is persuaded that the cause of Religion is the most important of all causes to /mankind.Events of the day are fulfilling the prophecies of Scripture.He is glad to hear that the Illness of Prince Edward Is not a dangerous one.\" As the world goes, this young man seems to have considerable merit Like other princes and other men, he has his errors.But there is something In his constant disposition to befriend the, friendless that is truly amiable, & that interests one much in his happiness and welfare.\" (QDA \u2014 CI, p.181.) Archbishop of Canterbury to the Bt Bev.X Mountain (Lambeth House, October 18, 1796).He refers to the circumstances which caused him to delay in answering the Bishop's letters.The sudden loss of a most beloved and only daughter has depressed him.He assures the Bishop that he will punctually answer any letters that the Bishop may send him.He has always promoted the Bishop's wishes with the S.P.O.and that successfully, and had done the same with Pott-land.He encloses a copy of bis letter to Portland on the subject of the burning of the Recollets' Church and Convent in which he States how essential It Is that the Church be rebuilt for the use of the Church of England, Portland acknowledged his letter in person and promised to resist the appropriation of the property for any other purpose.He asks leave to rejoice with tbe Bishop on the great Victory that It has pleased God to bless' them with in the Mediterranean.As soon as Parliament meets, a day will be fixed for a general Thanksgiving.He sends the Bishop a Form of Prayer for the occasion.He will renew the subject of the Recollets' Church with Portland.(Que.Episc.Archives.) Memorial.Members of the Executive Council to the Duke of Portland (October 27,1798).The Memorial refers to charges made by Prescott respecting the decisions concerning Crown Lands.(PAO \u2014 Q81-2, p.527.) Rt Rev.X Mountain to X SeweU, Esq.(December 1, 1708) (Private).\u2014 He describes his interview with a Dr.Dickson of Ireland who presented a plan for establishing a College upon a large scale, with the assistance of the Government.(Quebec, Sewed Papers.) Rt Rev.X Mountain to X SeweU, Esq.(December 18, 1798).He discusses Sewell's contention that the year 1799 is the hundredth year, the year 9 Is the tenth year, one is the second year and that the first year must be marked with a zero.He does not agree with SeweU's contention.(Quebec, ScxceU Paper*.) ARCHIVES DB QUÉBEC 247 Samuel B.Gale, Bsq., Secretary, to the Bt Rev.J.Mountain (Castle of St Lewis, December 20, 1798).Prescott directs him to request the favour of the opinion of the Bishop whether thé observance of a Day of Thanksgiving for the Victory In the Mediterranean might not have a good effect on the minds of the King's subjects in the Province.(Similar letter to the Roman Catholic Bishop of Quebec.) (PAO \u2014G427, p.106.) S.Gale, Bsq., to Bt Bev.J.Mountain (December 81, 1798).Prescott orders him to transmit to the Bishop 350 copies of tbe Form of Praper for Jan.10, 1799.(Copies are also to be sent to Montreal, Trois-Rivières and Sorel.) (PAO \u2014 G.427, p.107.) Report of the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel (London, 1798).The Rev.J.Stuart Informs the Society that Prescott has rebuilt and enlarged the Mohawk Church at the Bay of Quinte which now possesses a bell and a steeple, and the Interior of which Is furnished with the King's Arms.A copy of the Ten * Commandments, sent by the Government, has been placed over the Communion Table which is furnished with Queen Anne's Communion silver.There are now 186 Indians at the Bay, but many left last Fail for the Grand River.The Bev.R.Addison visits the Indian Mission.(SPG \u2014 Report, 1798.) ¦ ¦ ' '¦' '-'v'-'''.;'.' : ' 1 \u2022 \" Lt-General R.Prescott to Duke of Portland (Quebec, January 8, 1799).He informs Portland that Intelligence has been received of the Victory of Nelson at the Nile.In concurrence with the Lord Bishop of Quebec, with the Coadjutor of the Roman Catholic Church and with the Members of the Council, at the Council Meeting held December 22 last, he set apart a Day for Thansksgiving.He mentions the want of uprightness In some members of the Council and regrets that the Lord Bishop should have been prevailed upon, by misrepresentation, to support those who had not intentionally acted wrongly in the land business, as Dr.Mountain's own uprightness cannot be doubted.The coalition is kept together by the Chief Justice.(Mandement of the Roman Catholic Bishop for the observance of a Day of Thanksgiving for the Victory over the French Fleet Form of Prayer for the Victory over the Nile.) (PAO \u2014Q82, pp.65-111-115.) An open letter to the Rt Bev.J.Mountain (Quebec, January 11, 1799).The signatories state that having heard the Bishop's sermon preached on the Day of Thanksgiving, which was delivered with unction and produced fervency in the hearers' mind, and, being convinced that if made public It would excite emotions of reverence and gratitude to God and of loyalty and affection to the King, they now request that the Bishop will condescend to allow it to be made public.(Signed by the Hon.Messrs.Osgoode, Dunn, Finlay, PownaU, Caldwell, Young, Members of the Council, and by 25 other citizens.) (PAO \u2014Q82, p.142.) Bt Bev.J.Mountain to signatories of open letter (Quebec, January 14, 1799).He expresses gratitude for their letter, and says that, as he had no in- 24g ARCHIVES DE QUÉBEC tentlon of printing tbe sermon of which they had done him the honour to desire the publication, and, consequently, had not perfected lt as a literary composition, ret he desires to comply with their wishes in spite of the fact that the English of the Sermon is justly liable to critical stricture,\u2014 (Pamphlet) : A sermon preached at Quebec on Thursday, January 10,1799, being the day appointed for a general Thanksgiving, by Jacob Lord Bishop of Quebec, together with the Form of Prayer drawn up upon the occasion.Published by request.Quebec, John Nellson, 1799 .86 pages.\u2014 (Pamphlet) : A Form of Prayer with Thanksgiving, etc., for the late unexampled and most important Victory obtained by Bis Majesty's Arms over the Fleet and Forces of the Enemy (August 1, 1798).(PAO\u2014Q82, p 141.) Bt Bev.J.Mountain to President P.Russell (Quebec, January 24, 1799).He suggests that a pious observation of a Day of Thanksgiving for Admiral Nelson's Victory might have a good effect in Upper Canada.Sir John Warren's more recent Victory might be included in this solemn Act He acknowledges receipt of Russell's plan for leasing Crown and Clergy lands In Upper Canada.(QDA \u2014 Cl, P 188.) Duke of Portland to President Russell (Whitehall, January 24, 1799).Extract He approves of the conduct of Russell and of the Bishop of Quebec, in relation to the application of Brant that Mr.Phelps be sent to the Five Nations as missionary.(QDA \u2014CL p.184.) Rt Rev.J.Mountain to Hon.Wm.Osgoode (February 4, 1799).He advises the Chief Justice to write to England giving a correct statement of the transaction that occurred in Court between Osgoode and Monk lest Osgoode's conduct be misrepresented.(PAO \u2014CO.42, Vol.22, p 106.) Lt-Oeneral R.Prescott to Duke of Portland (Quebec, February 4, 1799).He Informs Portland how Thanksgiving Day (January 10) was observed at Quebec, and sends copies of: \u2014 A Sermon by the Lord Bishop of Quebec; Discoure (in French) by Mesalre J.O.Plessis; and a Sermon by the Rev.Alexander Sparks, all of which were preached in the City of Quebec on this occasion.(PAO \u2014 Q-82, pp.120-141-183-211.) President R.Russell to Rt.Rev.J.Mountain (York, Upper Canada, February 18,1799).He states that immediately after receiving the Bishop's letter, he appointed March 12 as a Day of Thanksgiving and caused the Form of Prayer to be distributed in tbe four districts.He laments that there is no Clergyman In the Eastern and Western Districts nor even in the Capital of the Province to perform Service on the occasion.He.trembles for the morals of the inhabitants if they remain in this state of neglect (Proclamation Issued February 11, 1799).(QDA\u2014CL p.188.) Rev.Thos.Raddish, Incumbent of York, U.0., to the Hon.Peter Russell (Portland St., London, March 9, 1799).On account of the Increasing population ARCHIVES DE QUÉBEC 249 of York, he thinks that a resident clergyman must be highly necessary there and therefore he is ready to resign in favour of any person whom Russell may nominate.\"I wish lt were more lucrative bnt the pittance is too inconsiderable and sorry am I to observe that lt is very Irregularly paid.From the negligence of the Office, my situation has been extremely hard.Not a shilling has yet reached the hands of the private agent.an indemnification is promised in land.No Intimation of my intent to relinquish will be given at the Duke's Office, because the Bishop of Quebec would soon be apprized of the event and rejoice at an opportunity of presenting.\" (Ont Hist Soc.\u2014 Russell Paper», Vol.Ill, p.187.) Bt Rev.J.Mountain to Archbishop of Canterbury (Quebec, April 15, 1799).He acknowledges the Archbishop's letter of October 19 last which gave him the greatest comfort he had- received since his arrival In Canada.The Interests of the Church of England in the Country have a powerful opponent which resolutely resists every measure of amelioration.The Government has ordered the building of the Court House at Quebec, without any mention of a Church, on the grounds of the Recollets' ruins He has asked Portland for Crown lands in order to enable the people of Quebec to build a Church, and has exposed the deplorable state of the Protestant people of the Country whose only religious ideas are gathered from Itinerant teachers of the lowest order.Not one additional clergyman has been sent out since he came to the Country.His heart is made sick by hope so long deferred.He had requested Portland not to take away salaries that nave been given, but to transfer them to situations where they are needed, such as the position of afternoon lecturer at Quebec and to other positions.He proposes to remove Mr.Doty from William Henry to St Armand.He opposes the Government's plan of giving the means of religious instruction only to those who desire to obtain them on the ground that \"they that are whole need not a physician but they that are sick.\" Money has been granted for building Churches in Upper Canada, but he asks \"What are Churches without Ministers?\" \u2014 The only minister who was sent out to Upper Canada by the Government speculated in land and then returned to England.He will visit Upper Canada in the summer.Not having received the Archbishop's Form of Prayer In time, he drew up his own form for use on January 10 last He encloses a copy, with the Sermon which was preached on the occasion, and was very hastily and Imperfectly composed.He sympathizes with the Archbishop in the loss of a daughter.(Que.Episc.Archives.) Rt.Rev.J.Mountain to Duke of Portland (Quebec, April 15,1799) (Private).\u2014 He expresses his diffidence in writing directly to Portland in consequence of the letter of May 7,1798, directing that all public communications, complaints excepted, are to be sent through the Governor.He refers to the expectations entertained by members of the Church of England in this Country, based on the terms of the instructions to successive Governors, that the Church of England be established both in principle and practice, and that limitations be applied to the power and privileges of the Church of Rome.These hopes were greatly strengthened by the appointment of a Rishop of the Church of England who, they supposed, would come clothed with power to raise it to distinction and ascendancy, with a suitable Church, a competent number of clergy and power to set on foot a plan for the > 250 ARCHIVES DB QUÉBEC education of youth.He refera to the Interest felt at his appointment by large numbers in Upper Canada, many of them dissenters, but without ministers or churches, and \"ready to throw off their dissent He mentions the apprehensions of the Roman Catholics In lower Canada respecting the arrival of a Protestant Bishop.Both the parties were undeceived.The Roman Catholics looked down with contempt on the fruitless efforts of the Church of England ; and the hopes of the Protestants having in the same degree subsided, they naturally attributed their disappointment to his supineness.He also mentions the power, on the other hand, of the Roman Catholic Bishop of Quebec, and the Influence this has given him over the clergy and people.He states that the property of the ecclesiastics Is increasing, and the cm igri priests have assumed the principal offices In the Seminary of Montreal and the seigniorial rights over the island.There should be great danger In this, if there should be a counter revolution in France.He calls attention to the titles assumed by the Roman Catholic ecclesiastics.He casts no personal reflections on the Roman Catholic Bishop or his coadjutor, whom he truly believes to be worthy men and good subjects.He mentions the want of Church accommodation and the necessity for a separate Church building at Quebec The Jesuit Chapel is small and dark, and Ill-suited to receive an assembly of decent people.The troops are never sent to it Neither Prescott nor his family ever enter it during winter, an example followed by many persons of consideration who attended the service in the Recollets' Church, The afternoon service is often Interrupted.Canadians passing and re-passing to confession disturb the services.A decent place of worship is essential to the very existence of the established Church in the Province.When the Recollets' Church was burnt, he applied to Prescott.for assistance in procuring a place of worship, but has heard nothing further on the subject He refers to the steps taken.In 1796, to have rectories, vestries, and churchwardens legalized.He gives instances of the inconveniences arising from the present situation of ecclesiastical affairs, including the difficulty of obtaining clergymen for various districts, because security for the clergyman's salary can only be given by mortgage on private property.In October 1798, an application for a minister was made by the inhabitants of D'Assomption who subscribed £46 annually for the purpose.Having himself visited D'Assomption, he recommended their petition, but Prescott objected to the proposal.Recently the settlers upon the Grand River applied for Government assistance, but, because their application did not state that the subscription to the incumbent was absolutely secured, it could not be encouraged.The people of St Armand subscribed £60 annually for the support of a minister, but, because they found that they must mortgage their binds in order to give absolute security to the incumbent proceedings were immediately stopped.He believes that the nature of the security thus required will extinguish the little remains of religions sentiment found in the Country.Portland had Instructed the Governor at Quebec to consult with the Bishop on matters of ecclesiastical concern, but Prescott has not given any opening for the discussion of the subject He has a seat in the Legislature, but his jurisdiction is supported by no law.He points out that the clergymen In the Province have no substitute for the performance of their duties.At Quebec, Mr.de MontmoUln, being entirely superannuated, can no longer assist the rector.If Mr. 1 ARCHIVES DB QUÉBEC 251 Salter Mountain Is 111 or otherwise hindered, the whole duty of the Church, pariah and garrison, falls upon the Bishop.Mr.Salter Mountain Is deputy-chaplain to the 24th Regiment and there was a dissenting minister (brought out by Prescott as tutor to his son) who was deputy-chaplain both to the 24th and 26th Regiments, and who has now been succeeded by another dissenting minister; but the troops generally have recourse to the minister of the Church of England.Thus the Bishop may be called upon to perform the whole duty of the parish himself.But, in his mind, considerations of this sort are lost in matters of higher concern, the pressing necessity of the Country with respect to ministers of Religion.If the Government Insists that aid for their support can only be given under the strict condition above mentioned, then It would be far better If there were no Bishop and that his salary were given to support a number of clergymen.He asks what are the benefits of the rite of Confirmation compared with those of public worship and the Sacraments?If such an arrangement were thought practical he would gladly resign his office in order to obtain such an essential provision.He then submits his ideas respecting means of relief: 1.That a grant of Crown lands be made for the purpose of assisting members of tbe Church of England to build a place of worship at Quebec.\u2014 2.That the strict condition respecting subscriptions for the support of clergymen be relaxed, that the Provincial Legislature be Instructed to make temporary provision for the number of clergymen required and that their rights be placed upon a legal foundation.He remarks that no measure of amelioration for tbe benefit of the Protestant Church will pass the House of Assembly unless it emanates from the highest authority.\u2014- S.That parishes be created in the manner provided by the act of 1791 before any other parish matters are regulated by the Legislature.\u2014 4.That, at least, the present establishment for the Church be not diminished and that the money now being granted be used In the following ways : to provide for a minister at St Armand instead of at Caldwell's and Christie's Manors ; to provide for a minister for the Grand River, the extra amount now allotted to Trois Rivieres for the support of two clergymen (one of whom, Mr.Veyssiero, is now incapable of any duty) being used for the purpose; to provide for an evening lecturer at Quebec, part of Mr.de Montmollin's salary, at his death, being used for this purpose; the evening lecturer thus appointed to act as substitute for any clergyman who Is hindered from doing his duty; to provide for a minister at L'Assomption, the other part of the salary just mentioned being used for this purpose.\u2014 5.He suggests that the power of Issuing licenses, if placed in the Bishop's hands, would prevent much irregularity in tbe solemnization of marriage.Polygamy is notorious In the Country.\u2014 6.He wishes to he Informed if he has the authority to change the name of commissary to that of official.He expresses disappointment at that failure of Portland's intentions of sending clergymen to Upper Canada.What was an evil In 1794 Is greatly aggravated in 1799.Mr.Stuart Informs him that a Church has been built at the Mohawk Village by Prescott's order, but he had no knowledge of the design.He remarks that In all he has said, his whole concern has been for the Interests of the Government and of the people, not for his personal Interests, but since he came to Canada no, addition to the number of the clergymen (except In the per- 252 ARCHIVES DE QUÉBEC son of Mr.Raddish now gone) has been made : no proposal he has made for the advancement of religion or education has succeeded.He finds himself without a Church, without authority, almost without clergy, unknown to the laws, and unsupported by Government, either In Canada or at home.If his disappointments had affected himself only, he never would have mentioned them ; but in the minds of the thoughtful members of the Community, they are matter of serious affliction.It Is only the importance of the subject and the total failure of tbe endeavours, which for six years he had been making, that has extorted from him this last effort If in this attempt he has been carried beyond the limits prescribed by those proper and necessary forms, which no man venerates more highly than himself, he entreats from His Grace's humanity that indulgence which the severity of His Grace's judgment would perhaps deny him.(PAO \u2014 Q8S, pp.832488.) The Hon.Wm.Osgoode to?(May 2, 1789) (most confidential).He Informs his correspondent that Prescott is at odds with himself, the Lord Bishop and the whole Council, suspects them of being engaged in a scheme of fraud and dishonesty, .and refuses to extend the common civilities to the Chief Justice and the Lord Bishop when he (Prescott) meets them on the street (PAO \u2014 GO.42, Vol.22, p.107.) Hon.P.Russell to Duke of Portland (York, May 18,1799).There are as yet only three clergymen of the established Church to officiate throughout the Province.The Capital has no pastor, Mr.Raddish net having returned, and the Eastern and Western Districts not having a clergyman lu either, Divine Service is never performed for the inhabitants.If religion should remain much longer in this deplorable state of neglect he fears the consequences to the morals of tbe people.(PAO \u2014Q286-L PP.116-U8.) Rt.Rev.J.Mountain to President Russell (Quebec, May 27, 1799), He thanks Russell for appointing a Day of Thanksgiving and states that he takes his full share In the concern which Russell expresses relative to the state of religion in Upper Canada, He does not Intend to put the clergy to the expense of meeting him upon his forthcoming Visitation, but will pass through his diocese in the summer for the sole purpose of Confirmation.He hopes to pay his respects to Russell when he visits York.(QDA \u2014 01, p.190.) Rt Rev.J.Mountain to Rev.J.Stuart (Quebec, May 27, 1799).Owing to the distances Involved, he does not Intend to call his clergy together to his Visitation at Montreal, but he will confirm at every place where a minister Is established and intends to reach Kingston at the end of July.He requests Stuart to notify Messrs.Langhorn and Addison of his visit so that Catechumens may be in readiness for Confirmation.He will be accompanied to Kingston only by Mrs.Mountain, his eldest son and three servants, who will have travelling beds with them and so will only need a lodging In the neighbourhood.(QDA \u2014 01, p.189.) ARCHIVES DE QUÉBEC 253 President Russell to Rt.Rev.J.Mountain (Upper Canada, June 22, 1799).He informs the Bishop that during the present session of Parliament Divine Service has been held at York by Mr.Stuart and Mr.Addison two or three times a week.He is exceedingly pleased with Mr.Stuart's zeal in volunteering to attend during the session.He offers hospitality to the Bishop during the Bishop's proposed visit, if General Hunter should not have arrived by that time.(QDA \u2014 01, p.191.) Bt Bev.J.Mountain to H.W.Byland, Esq., Secretary (Quebec, Woodfield, July 10,1799).He desires Ryland to submit to the Governor a paper stating the circumstances that led him to address his communication of April 15 directly to Portland.(QDA \u201401, p.192.) Rt.Rev.Jacob Mountain to Robert Shore Milnes, Esq., (1) Governor of Dower Canada (Woodfield, Quebec, July 10, 1799) (Private).He submits to Milnes a communication containing the substance of his letter to Portland of April 15 (84 pages in length).(QDA \u2014 01, pp.194-202.) Duke of Portland to R.S.Milnes, Esq., Lt.-Governor of Lower Canada (Whitehall, July 24, 1799).He.sends a copy of a private letter from the Bishop of Quebec.The evils complained of have arisen from the want of mutual understanding, which can be remedied by confidential Intercourse and by the exercise of discretion.He sends a copy of the Instructions given to Dorchester In 1700.He speaks of the necessity of building a Metropolitan Church at the 'seat of Government.Milnes is authorized to appropriate the site of the late Recollet Church ¦for that purpose and to expend £400 annually out of the Provincial revenues for its erection.He believes that the inhabitants will assist by liberal contributions.The establishment of rectories and regulations for churchwardens and vestries should be considered next He refers to the powers given under the Act of 1791, stating that this Act and the instructions of 1798 are sufficient, with the advice of the law officers, for Milnes' guidance.The law does not authorize the collection of tithes.He quotes the various Acts on the subject.It is for the Provincial Legislature to make some provisions for the officiating clergy.What is still more urgent is to supply tbe want of parochial clergy and of the means to provide for them; he is afraid the means can be more readily found than suitable persons -for the office.He has communicated and shall continue to communicate his views (1) Robert Shore Milnes born in England in 1746.He entered the army and secured a commission in the Royal Regiment of Horse Guards.In 1705, he succeeded General Prescott as Governor of Martinique, but after a short period 111 health compelled him to resign.In November 1797, he received a commission as Lt.-Governor of Lower Canada and in 1799 was ordered to relieve General Prescott He arrived In Quebec in June and took the oath of office on the 30th of July.He was created a Baronet of the United Kingdom in February, 1801.In December, 1803, failing health compelled him.to ask for a leave of absence.In the following year this was granted, but he was unable to leave the Country until August, 1805.He retained his commission as Lt-Governor of the Province until November, 1808.(Doughty and McArthur Documents, p.242.) 254 ARCHIVES DE QUEBEC Duke of Portland to R.S.Mines, Esq., Lt-Gov.(Whitehall, July 24, 1789) (Memorandum).He authorizes Milnes to grant £100 from Provincial Bevenues to incumbents as a temporary addition to their salaries until other means are devised of supporting them.(QDA \u2014 01, p.216.) Duke of Portland to Lieutenant-Qov.Milnes (July 24, 1799).(Extract).\u2014 The extension of the Bishop's power to granting licenses dispensing from the calling of Banns of Marriage may certainly be attended with beneficial consequences, but the difficulty of extending the Bishop's power in this particular consists in the mode of effecting It in consequence of its having been already otherwise provided for by the Royal Commission to the Governor to which the Bishop's Letters Patent Is made subordinate.He knows of no objection to the Governor's delegating this power to the Bishop of Quebec.This may be ascertained by referring the matter to the Law servants in Canada.(QDA \u2014 Cl, p.203.) Duke of Portland to Rt Rev.Jacob Mountain (Whitehall, July 24, 1799).He has received the Bishop's letter; the most essential parts of it have been at once attended to, as shown by copy of letter to Milnes enclosed for the Bishop's information.He also sends extracts from letters, so far as these relate to ecclesiastical affairs, addressed to President Russell.He states that Rev.Mr.Reddish must have arrived in Upper Canada before this letter can reach him.(QDA \u2014 01, p.204.) ,\u201e W- Mori. par l'obligation de votre charge vous deves une protection particulière lorsqu'on veut .le troubler dans ses fonctions et vous avés affecté de Faire tout le contraire en cette occasion, le Canada a tant d'endroits Fâcheux qui peuvent le rendre désagréable a Sa Majesté que vous devés esvlter avec soin ce qui pourrait lui revenir de déplaisant de ce pais (1).(1) Copie aux Archives de la Province de Québec, ARCHIVES DB QUÉBEC MEMOIRE DU BOI A MM.DB VAUDBBUID BT BAUDOT (6 Juillet 1700) 407 A Versailles, le 6 Juillet 1700.Sa Majesté a receu la Depesche desd.8™ de Vaudreuil et Baudot, du 14 du mois de Novembre dernier.Bile est bien aise des asseurances qu'ils lui donnent qu'Us seront toujours dans une parfaite intelligence dans ce qui regardera le bien de son service, et l'utilité de la Colonie, Elle volt cependant avec.peine les petites divisions qu'U y a entr'eux dans les cboses moins importantes, Elle leur recommande toujours de s'entendre et de s'expliquer entr'Eux dans les petites Cboses comme dans les grandes, a Fin que rien ne soit capable de troubler cette bonne Intelligence si nécessaire a l'Interrest de la Colonie et au leur en particulier surtout dans la conjoncture présente des affaires d'Europe.Sa Majesté est bien aise de leur Faire scavolr qu'BUe n'a rien oublié pour procurer la tranquility et la paix a l'Europe ayant Fait offrir a ses Ennemis des conditions qu'Us aurolent accepté s'ils a volent été tant soit peu touchés de la misère que leur peuple souffrent, mais ceux qui y ont a present la princlpalle autorité espérant de trouver leur utilité particulière dans la confusion et le desordre les ont Fait rejetter et en ont proposé d'autres si opposées a la raison a la justice et a l'honneur de la Nation francoise que Sa M** n'a pu les écouter Elle ne leur en expliquera par le detail étant persuadé qu'Us en ont été Informes par les nouveUes publiques.Elle leur dira Seulement que les Dépenses ausqueUes Sa Majesté a été engagée par la guerre passée et celle qu'elle doit encore soutenir ayant presque épuisé ses finances, il est nécessaire que lesd.Sn de Vaudreuil et Baudot s'apllquent a diminuer les Dépenses qu'BUe Fait pour le Canada autant qu'il leur sera possible en retranchant toutes celles dont ont peut Se passer et diminuant les autres le plus qu'U se pourra afin que Sa Mu ne Se trouve pas dans la sultte dans la nécessité de les cesser entièrement.Il est party cette année plusieurs Vaisseaux de la Rochelle pour le Canada et Us y auront sans doute porté l'abondance des Marchandises dont cette Colonie avoit le plus de besoin et cela est d'autant plus heureux pour eUe qu'elle les aura payées de ses propres Denrées, ces Vaisseaux étant allez charger des farines a Quebec pour les Isles de l'Amérique, au moyen de l'abondante Récolte qu'U y a eu l'année dernière en Canada.Comme les Terres sont très propres en ce pals pour les grains, Sa Majesté desire qu'Us excitent ceux qui en ont à augmenter leurs Cultures, et qu'Us y obligent mesme ceux qui ont des terres non encore deffrlchées, U est de l'Interrest de la Colonie de Canada de persuader a Sa Majesté que dans les occasions de disette, telles que celle de cette année, Elle put-être utile au Royaume en luy Fournissant des Bleds que Sa M« est obligée de tirer des pais étrangers, avec beaucoup de dépenses.SI les S\" de Vaudreuil et Baudot pouvolent y parvenir et que 408 ARCHIVES DB QUÉBEC cela pût produire une quantité considerable de grains d'augmentation, Us rendrai en t au Royaume et a la Colonie le plus grand service que de gens a leur aye' eu occasion de leur rendre.n Faut qu'ils Fassent considérer aux habitons a qui ces Sortes de Terres appartiennent, qu'il arrive tous les 4 ou 5 ans tant en Canada qu'en trance, une année de Disette que comme ils ne sauvent ordinairement qne ce qu'il leur Faut pour leur Subsistance, ' ils s'exposent a lextremlté de mourir quelque Jour de Faim, et que cela arriverait si la Disette arrivolt en Canada dans le mesme tems qu'BUe est en franco, au Ueu qu'en augmentant leur Culture an delà de ce qu'U leur en Faut pour leurs besoins ordinaires, Us préviendraient Seurement cet inconvenient et quand Us en auraient au delà de ce qu'U en Faut pour le Canada et les pais voisins qui en tirent nécessairement leur subsistance, le Surplus pourrait être mis en provision pour être envoyé en france lorsque le besoin y est qui par malheur n'arrive que trop souvent n Faudrait pour cet effet que lead.S™ de Vaudreuil et Baudot examinassent avec les principaux habitans du Canada et les propriétaires des Terres, ce qui Se pourrait faire pour contribuer a les conserver pendant les années d'abondance en france ; Us trouveront cy joint un mémoire de ce qu'on observe en Bretagne pour les conserver pendant plusieurs années afin qu'Us examinent si cela pourrait convenir au Canada ; Sa Majesté est persuadée que dans un pais froid, comme celui là, U peut y avoir une infinité de moyens pour les conserver plus long-tems qu'ailleurs.Sa Majesté a remarqué par les Lettres de Canada de l'année dernière qu'U y a eu deux Récoltes et que la dernière a été beaucoup plus abondante que l'autre, Elle presume que les Semences de la lro ont été Faites dans l'autonne, et celles de la dernière au commencement du printemps, Elle desire d'etre informée de tout ce qu'on observe dans ces différentes Semences et elle vent qu'Us lui en envoyent un mémoire le plus exact qu'ils pourront, afin de Faire examiner Si la mesme chose pourrait être pratiquée en France lorsque les accidents survenus pendant l'hyver comme U est arrivé cette année par le froid extraordinaire qu'U a Fait ont empesché les grains semes de pousser.Sa M** veut aussi être Informée exactement par le retour des derniers Vaisseaux, de la quantité des grains et de Legumes qu'U y aura dans le pals, afin de pouvoir en envoyer chercher quand U y en aura d'excédent et Elle expUque ses intentions a cet esgard au S.Raudot qu'BUe charge plus particulièrement de lui en rendre compte en detail.Sa M\" est Satisfaite de l'application que le S.de Vaudreuil asseure qu'il a de conserver l'union entre les Sauvages des différentes nations qui a voisinent le Canada, cela est d'autant plus nécessaire que Sa M** ne serolt pas a present en état de prendre la protecUon des unes contre les autres, alnsy U ne doit rien oublier pour conserver cette bonne intelligence entre elles.EUe a veu ce qu'Us ont escrlt sur les fortifications, U n'est pas terns a present de commencer de nouveaux ouvrages, il Faut se contenter de tenir en Etat de deffense ceux qui sont Faits, on pourra examiner après la paix les expedients proposez par le S.le Vasseur pour trouver dans le pais le fonds nécessaire pour une partie des nouveaux ouvrages qu'U y aura a Faire, cependant Sa M** a approuvé qu'Us ayent réuni au Domaine de Sa M** les terrains de la basse Ville ARCHIVES DB QUEBEC 4Q9 faute d'avoir esté bastls par ceux a qui Us a voient été accordés, puisqu'il n'a pas été possible de les vendre Suivant la proposition qu'en avolt Fait led.S.le Vasseur.Sa M** ne Fera point de nouveaux fonds pour.les Chambres qu'ils ont Fait Faire au dessus des cachots pour les prisonniers malades dont la dépense monte a 30001, elle approuve cependant qu'ils prennent cette Dépense sur les fonds des fortifications de cette année.Puisqu'ils ne sont pas d'avis de Faire les redoutes que led.Sr le Vasseur a proposé elle trouve bon qu'ils ne donnent aucun ordre sur cela, on examinera d'avantage après la paix si cela est nécessaire.Sa W* a donné ordre au S.Begon d'envoyer a Quebec 100 soldats de nouvelle levée, lesquels avec les 100 qui Furent envoyés l'année passée par la voye de l'Accadie augmenteront considérablement les Compagnies de Canada ; Sa Majesté desire d'etre exactement informée de l'Etat auquel elles se trouveront dans le tems du depart des derniers Vaisseaux ainsy U est nécessaire qu'ils envoyent une Reveue exacte' et qu'Us marquent en même tems le nombre qui en aura été congédié pour se Faire habltans.Sa Majesté a donné ordre aud.S.Begon de leur envoyer 800 fusils de Tulle, mais led.S.Begon ne pretend pas que le fonds en ait été retenu a Bocbefort sur les fonds de Canada c'est un Fait qu'U est nécessaire que led.S.Begon et led.Sr Baudot esclalrclssent entre Eux.Sa Majesté a été surprise de ne pas recevoir le recensement de la Colonie.Elle desire qu'Us ne manquent pas de l'envoyer cote année et qu'Us ayent Soin de l'envoyer de même exactement tous les ans a l'avenir.Sa M* n'a pas entendu la proposition qu'Us Font de Faire remettre la pension du Pere a la D* la Chesnaye qu'Us Fassent scavolr ce qu'Us ont voulu dire par la.Elle a approuvé que le Sr Montigny ait été mis- en possession de la Compagnie du S' de Granville qui s'est trouvée la 1™ vaccante suivant l'ordre qu'U en avolt.Sa Majesté a veu les propositions qu'Us Font d'accorder aux Fils des S™ de Lot bin 1ère et du Puis la Survivance des charges de leurs Peres, BUe n'en veut accorder aucune c'est a ces jeunes gens a se bien instruire et a s'en rendre dignes, et S'ils les méritent par leur application et par leurs bonnes mœurs Sa Majesté pourra y avoir esgard.Le Sr Daigremont a rendu un compte exact'du Voyage qu'U a Fait par ordre du Roy, dans les Postes avancez de la Colonie de Canada, Sa Majesté y a reconnu tant de bonne foy qu'EUe a résolu de suivre ses avis.Il a commencé par le fort frontenac, U paroit par le party que le Sr de Vau-dreuU a pris d'en retirer le Sr de Tonty que lesd.S™ de VaudreuU et Raudot ont goûté ses raisons, Sa M4* l'a approuvé, Elle recommande d'apporter a l'avenir plus de circonspection et.de dicernemens dans le choix des Sujets qu'Us Se ront obligez d'envoyez dans ces Sortes de postes.Il est extraordinaire que le Sr Baudot oit.chargé un off« de guerre, du Commerce de la Traitte a Faire dans ce poste, pendant qu'U etolt obligé de tenir Sur les lieux un garde magasin, Sa Majesté a approuvé le changement qu'U a apporté a cette règle, et Elle desire qu'U le Fasse suivre a l'avenir, BUe desire 410 ARCHIVES DB QUEBEC aussy qu'il luy envoyé on état de la quantité de chaque sorte de Marchandises qu'il Fera passer annuellement dans ce poste et des prix qu'il ordonnera a celuy qui aura la charge de cette Traltte d'en retirer, voulant être informé de tout ce qui se passera a cet esgard.Led S' Daigremont a rendu compte aussi des raisons qui doivent engager Sa Majesté à conserver le fort de frontenac, eUes parrolssent convainquantes dans cette conjoncture et Elle desire qu'ils y tiennent la main.Elle ne veut pas qu'ils ayent aucun esgard a celles qui ont été proposées d'établir Niagara, a r esgard de la Galette 11 sera bon d'examiner a la paix si son établissement sera preferable a celuy du fort de frontenac, mais ils ne doivent rien Faire a cet esgard qu'ils n'en ayent receu l'ordre.Led.S' Daigremont rend un compte Fort exact et parti*', du détroit, 11 pa-roit que ce posté est fort avancé pour le peu de tenu qu'U y est etably.et si tons les autres a voient eu le mesme progrès la Colonie seroit en meilleur état qu'elle n'est, alnsy on ne peut refuser au Sr de la Mothe la Justice qui lui est deue a cet esgard cependant, comme il se plaint de la Dépense extraordinaire qu'il est obligé de faire pour la nourriture des Soldats et qu'il ne croit pas pouvoir la continuer, l'intention de Sa M\" est que led.S.de Vaudreull les Fasse revenir a Montreal, quand mesme led.S.de la Mothe auroit depuis changé de Sentiment, et que led.S.Raudot pourvoye- a leur subsist\" comme a celle des autres.Mais cela nempeschera pas que Sa M** n'établisse un Jour le poste du détroit, en gouvernement, si cela convient dans la suit te, mais en ce cas Sa M** le Fera de sorte qu'il ne puisse porter aucun prejudice a la Colonie, et pour cet effet Elle ne laissera aucun privilege a ceux qui l'habiteront qui Seront au contraire soumis aux Loix du pais et aux Reglemens et ordonnances rendues pour régler la conduitte des autres habitons de la Colonie.Led Sr de la Mothe a escrlt que led.S.de Vaudreull avolt Fait des deffen-ses aux franco's qui Sont au détroit de se marier avec les filles des Sauvages, sur quoy il avoit cependant compté pour établir solidement le détroit, Elle desire qu'il examine de nouveau cette question, qu'U lui Fasse scavoir les raisons qu'U a eu de Faire cette deffense Si elles subsistent encore et S'U est toujours du mesme avis, Led.S.de la Mothe a demandé aussy qu'on lui remit directement une partie des Fonds que Sa M** accorde pour Faire des presents aux Sauvages, afin qu'U puisse en donner a ceux des environs du détroit; Sa Majesté lui Fait escrire de s'adresser ausd.S™ de Vaudreull et Raudot lorsqu'U lui paroitra nécessaire qu'U en Fasse, et qu'Us l'aideront suivant les moyens qu'Us en auront lorsqu'ils estimeront que cela sera nécessaire, c'est a quoy Sa Majesté desire qu'Us Se conforment.' Sa Majesté connolssant l'utilité de MissUlmaquinac a cause de la bonne qualité des Pelleteries qui en viennent a résolu de conserver ce poste, et pour cet effet d'y établir un commandant habUe, Sage, et desinterressé, U est nécessaire que lesd.Sr0 de Vaudreull et Raudot choisissent parmy les officiers que le Roy entretient en Canada un qui ait ces qualités, et qu'Us l'Informent du choix qu'Us Feront a cet esgard afin qu'elle puisse lui envoyer ses ordres l'année prochaine.Led.Sr Daigremont a Fait scavoir a S.M« qu'U avoit trouvé a MissUlmaquinac le nommé Boudor canadien très repentant de la Faute qu'U avoit Fait ARCHIVES DB QUÉBEC 411 d'aller a la traltte du Castor dans la profondeur des Terres, au préjudice des deffenses de Sa M** et d'avoir encouru les peines portées par ses Declarations, et 11 a représenté que c'estoit un bon habitant qui prometolt d'etre plus obéissant, Si Sa M** voulait lui pardonner, j'en a y rendu compte a S.M** et BUe a bien voulu lui Faire grace sur les asseurances que led.Sr Daigremont donne de son repentir, et Us en trouveront le Brevet cy Joint qu'Us lui Feront remettre après avoir pria toutes les precautions qu'Us estimeront nécessaires pour s'asseurer de son obéissance a l'avenir, et S'U y en a encore d'autres qui soient dans ce cas, U est necess\" qu'Us en envoyent une Liste sur laquelle Us marqueront les endroits ou Us sont actuellement.Bs trouveront aussi cy joint deux Placets l'un du S.du Ponceau, au sujet d'un nommé Louis Ohapuis dit St Jean qui a été condamné aux Galères par le Con*1 de guerre à Quebek pour desertion, U est nécessaire qu'Us examinent si on a quelque connolssance en Canada qu'U ait été pris de Force comme U l'expose, parce qu'en ce cas Sa M4* pour roi t commune r la peine, et l'autre du nommé Jou-celin de la Tour, qui se dit cadet dans les Troupes de Canada, U est nécessaire' qu'Us Fassent senvoir aussi ce que c'est et s'U mérite la grace qu'U demande d'etre Fait Officier.Ils ont été Informés de tout ce qui a été Fait pour tirer la Colonie de Canada des malheurs dans lesquels eUe se trouve précipitée par la Fureur immodérée de ses habltans a amasser du Castor, ht somme de 4 Minions que Sa M** a bien voulu prendre sur elle, n'ayant pas suffy pour la tirer d'affaire ; Sa Majesté avait crû qu'en formant une Compagnie en Canada pour régir eUe mesme les affaires de cette Colonie, eUe prendroit de si bonne» mesures qu'eUe ne seroit plus a charge a Sa Majesté a l'avenir et qu'elle Se soutiendrait, mais le contraire est arrivé, et s'etant trouvée endettée d'une somme de 1823 m.1 pour lesqueUes payer Bile n'avott qu'une grande quantité de Castors gras, on a été obUgé pour la tirer de cet embarras de chercher des particuliers qui voulussent se charger de payer cette somme en leur cédant cette masse de Castors gras et leur procurant les conditions avantageuses qu'on pouvoit leur donner.B ne se présenta que les Sn Aubert M4 d'Amsterdam, Neret et Gayot de Paris, U Fut Fait avec eux un Traitté le 10 May 1706 qui a été envoyé ausd.S™ de Vaudreuil et Baudot, et du contenu duquel Us Sont parfaitement informés.Bs ont veu par ce Traité qu'en ceddant ausd.Sr0 Aubert Neret et Gayot les Castors qui etoient en france, et tous les autres effets de la Colonie en s'obllgeant de Faire mettre entre leurs mains les Castors qui viendraient annuellement de la Colonie pendant 12 ans sur le pied de 80* la livre le sec et 40* le gras, duquel gras il ne seroit point fourny pendant les 6 premieres années U s'engageolent a payer lad.Somme de 1828 M.1.Lesd.Srs Aubert Neret et Gayot ont Soutenu assez bien leur engagement jusqu'à present, mats les tems sont devenus si difficiles et les emprunts se sont Faits a des conditions si dures pour ceux qui ont été obligés d'emprunter, que ces particuliers qui n'ont pas des grands Fonds par eux mesmes n'ont pu Soutenir leur engagement, et qu'Us ont été obligez de demander un arrest a Sa M** qui les mit a labry des poursuittes des Créanciers ausquels Us doivent pour cette aff™ et pour pouvoir soutenir le Commerce de Canada, Sa M** ayant reconnu.par l'examen qu'eue a Fait Faire de la condultte desd.S1* Aubert Neret et Gayot qulls 412 ARCHIVES DB QUÉBEC ne se tronvolent dans cette nécessité que par la dureté du teins, a bien voulu le leur accorder mais comme après cet arrest 11 seroit difficile que lesd.S™ Aubert, Ne-ret et Gayot trouvasse le credit nécessaire ponr soutenir cette affaire par rapport au Canada dont U s'agit de payer annuellement les Lettres qui en sont tirées pour les Castors qui seront fournis annuellement, Elle a commis par le mesme arrest les Sn du Moulin et Mercier cy devant Commlssionn'*» de la Colonie bons et Blçbes negocians de Paris pour recevoir les Castors qui Seront envoyés de Canada et.en payer les Lettres de change, c'est la meilleure precaution qu'on ait pû prendre et on peut s'asseurer qu'ils payeront exactement; mais comme lesd.Sn du Moulin et Mercier auroient oertainem* de la peine a soutenir l'affaire s'il ne leur venoit annuellement 60 a 60 Milliers de Castors sec, U est d'une nécessité indispensable que lesd.S\" de Vaudreull et Baudot tiennent la main a ce que pour celuy qui Sera acheté par les Canadiens soit a porté en trance et pour cet effet qu'ils prennent toutes les mesures que vous estimerez praticables pour em-pescher qu'il n'en soit envoyé aux anglola ; Sa Majesté a rendu pour cet effet l'ordonnance qu'ils trouveront cy jointe, et Elle m'a ordonné de leur recommander de tenir exactement la main a son execution, ils doivent considérer quil s'agit en cela.du Salut de la Colonie, et qu'elle court risque de périr si Elle ne s'aide en cette occasion, et comme lesd.S™ de Vaudreull et Baudot sont a la teste de cette Colonie, c'est eux que cela regarde particulièrement.Aussltost que la Masse du Castor gras qui est en France sera consommée et que les dettes de la Colonie seront payées, ce qui sera fait vraisemblablement a la fin du Traltté desd.S\" Aubert, Neret et Gayot ; Sa Majesté espère de donner une telle forme aux affaires de la Colonie que ses habitans auront sujet d'etre contents et qu'ils vivront a leurs aises, mais il Faut que tout le monde ait en veue de concourir a ce bien general, dont le Succès dépendra particulièrement desd.S™ de Vaudreull et Raudot Us trouveront cy jointe copie de l'arrest que Sa M** vient d'accorder, et Ils verront par ce qu'il contient que Sa M1* a pris toutes les meilleures mesures qu'on pouvolt prendre pour asseurer les dettes de ht Colonie, son Commerce et l'exécution du Traltté desd.S\" Aubert, Neret et Gayot n est arrivé cette année par le retour du Vaisseau l'Affriquain 66 Milliers de Castor sec, 11 est nécessaire qu'il en vienne autant tous les ans, avant l'arrivée de ces Castors, on avoit proposé a Sa Majesté, de donner une vingtaine de Congés par an, mais elle a tant d'horreur pour les desordres ausquels ces Congés ont donné lieu par le passé, qu'elle ne peut s'y résoudre, d'autant plus qu'elle espère que sans mettre ce moyen en usage on poura avoir les 60 ou 60 Milliers quil nous en Fant nécessairement tous les ans, et que nous espérons qu'on recevra par les Soins desd.Sn de Vaudreull et Raudot, Elle desire cependant qu'ils examinent cette proposition des Conges avec application et qu'ils luy fasse' scavoir leur avis avec les moyens assëurez de ne plus tomber dans les lnconvenlens du tems passé en cas qu'ils Soient d'avis accorder.Bs sont Informes qu'un des plus grands abus qu'U y ait eu par le passé dans l'usage de ces Congés a été le Commerce de l'Eau de Vie, ainay en donnant leur avis sur ce' sujet Elle desire qu'Us lui Fassent scavoir en mesme tems les precautions qu'Us estimeront nécessaires contre les abus de ce Commerce, et comme Elle est informé qu'on se relasche peu a peu des Reglemens et Ordonnances ARCHIVES DE QUÉBEC 413 qu'elle a rendu sur ce Sujet, elle m'a ordonné d'expédier une nouvelle ordonnance qu'ils trouveront cy jointe sur ce sujet a l'exécution de laquelle elle desire qu'ils tiennent aussi exactement la main.Sa M** a Fait examiner les Etats dressez eh Canada des pretentions de la Colonie contre les S™ Bourlet, Pasquier et Goye les 1er» Oommlsslonn\"» et contre les S™ du Moulin, Mercier et Goye.Elle a mesme Fait nommer des bons Marchands de Paris pour servir d'arbitres de part et d'autres, ces arbitres ont décidé que les S™ Bourlet, Pasquier et Goye ne dévoient rien et ils ont donné leur sentence en confbrmitée, dont ils trouveront copie cy Jointe, et a l'esgard du Compte desd.S™ du Moulin, Mercier et Goye il s'y est trouvé véritablement quelques Erreurs tant contre que pour Eux, mais led.du Moulin ayant demandés en mesme tems a être payés de la somme de 20 m.1 Faisant partie des 30 m.1 de gra-tifflcation qui leur, avolt esté accordées par le Traltté Fait avec Eux le .Septembre 1703 aussi bien que du droit de Commission des Castors livrés aux S1* Aubert Neret et Gayot, ce qui leur étant accordé par les Arbitrés aurolt constitué la Colonie débitrice d'une grosse Somme, il a été jugé a propos de Faire avec Eux la transaction cy jointe, alnsy ces observations n'ont produit que beaucoup de peine et des Frais, mais au contraire, il parolt qu'il est deu une Somme considerable a la Colonie en Canada Sur quoi on ne Fait aucune diligence, J'en envoyé l'Etat ausd.Sn de Vaudreuil et Baudot et il est nécessaire qu'ils marquent en marge ce que cela devient.Ils ont été Informés que sur l'appel Fait par le S.du Plessls cy devant agent de la Compagnie de Canada de l'ordonnance rendue par le S.Baudot, le 27 octobre 1707, par laquelle 11 est condamné a payer a lad.Compagnie la somme de 20.9501 14» 3\", Sa Majesté avolt nommé le S.des baguais Concr d'honneur en la Cour des aydes, et les Sn Ménager et Anlsson Marchands Députés au Conseil de Commerce pour examiner les pieces de part et d'autre, a l'effet de quoy Sa Majesté avolt donné un delay d'un an aux parties pour les Faire venir de Quebek, mais au lieu de ces pieces, il leur a été présenté une Transaction passée entre led.Sr du Pies-sis et la plus grande partie des interressez en cette Compagnie, par laqueUe led.S.du Plessls et eux se quittent réciproquement des pretentions qu'ils u voient les uns contre les autres, quoiqu'il y eut beaucoup a dire sur cette Transaction et qu'a la rigueur elle n'eut pas deu être admise, cependant Sa M** a bien voulu y consentir et agréer qu'elle ayt lieu, mais Son intention est qu'ils expliquent aud.S' du Plessls qu'eUe veut moyennant cela que toutes ses pretentions contre la Colonie de quelque nature qu'elles soient cessent, il Se doit estimer heureux de sortir d'affaire avec Elle a si bon marché, Elle veut aussi qu'il rende sans perte de tems les comptes des maniemens qu'il a Fait pour la Compagnie dans les années 1707 et 1708 pour reste des affaires de lad» Comp1» pendant le temps qu'eUe a subsisté qui en a deu Finir a celui que les fermiers du Domaine d'occident sous le nom de Guignes ont repris la Ferme de Canada (1).(1) Copie aux Archives de la Province de Québec. ARCHIVES DE QUÉBEC RÉSUME D'UNE LETTRE DE M.DE VAUDREUIL AU MINISTRE (18 Juillet 1708) A Québec le 18 Juillet 1700.il a rccoii differens avis qui l'Informent que le Canada devolt être attaqué blentost par les anglois, qu'ils dévoient avoir en ce pays une flotte considerable vende d'angle terre et 2,000 hommes qui dévoient l'attaquer par le haut de la Riviere.Il se mettoit en estât de les repousser, et comme U est de consequence de prévenir les ennemis par le haut, II a envoyé le Sr de Ramesay au lac champlaln avec 12 a 1500 hommes pour enlever le Magasin que les font au haut de ce Lac, et en mesme temps briser leurs Canots et autres voitures qulls y ont En marge: Il faut que cet avis soit fondé sur ceux cy devant donnes d'une escadre qu'on armolt en Angleterre pour aller reprendre S* Jean, laquelle suivant des nouvelles qu'on a eu, parolst avoir esté employée ailleurs (1).RÉSUMÉ D'UNE LETTRE DE M*\"8 1 DB^VAUDREULL AU MINISTRE (1700) La D* de Vaudreull a Paris.Rend compte de ce qui est venu a sa connolssance depuis la lettre du S' de vaudreull du l\" octobre 1709.Le S' de Longue1! luy ayant envoyé un coller des onontagués qui Invitaient led.Sr de longueil d'aller chez eux calmer les troubles excitez par les flamands, sur les offres que led.Sr de Longenil fit d'y aller, le Sr de Vaudreull se détermina a l'y envoyer.La négociation dud.Sr de Longueil à si bien renssy que le 12.no*\"* 11 est revenu a Quebec et avoit amené a Montréal plusieurs chefs de cette nation po* assurer led.Sr de Vaudreflil que quoy que les flamans leur eussent fait des pre-sens considerables pour faire la guerre aux franco's ils ne la ferolent Jamais.Led.Sr de Vaudreull devolt partir, le lendemain du depart du V*\" Vamaeonne pour les aller attendre a Montreal afin d'éviter la dépense qu'il aurolt fallu faire pour amener ces sauvages a Quebec.Représente les services des Sn de Longueil et de Jonqualre qui se sont ex- (1) Archives Nationales, Colonies,, C\"-A, 80, fol 407. ARCHIVES DB QUÉBEC 415 posez a estre brûlez vifs poor la conservation de la Colonie en maintenant la paix avec les Iroquois.Par les négociations de ces deux oft*™.H n'y a, en que les Sauvages aciers qui se soient déterminez a la guerre contre les françols.Led.Sr de Vaudreuil ayant apris que les mêmes sauvages qui aurolent donna avis que les Ennemis s'avançoient vers Chambly avolt aporté 8 Collera pour les Sauvages abenaky de la Riviere puante et de S* françols et aux sauvages du Sault S* Louis pour les engager a ne point faire la guerre aux flnmans, avec lesquels ils voulolent entretenir leur commerce, les abenaky ayant - avoue le fait and.Sr de Vaudreuil il leur déclara que s'ils voulolent être neutres ils n'aurolent qu'a se retirer ce qui leur fit prendre le party de le suivre a Chambly.Les Iroquois du Sault S* Louis estolent devenus si insolens qu'ils publlolent que les françols ne pouvolent pas se passer d'eux, led.Sr de Vaudreuil pour les détromper ne les invita point a le suivre a Chambly, cela a beaucoup surpris ces Sauvages, et ils sont venus le Joindre de leur propre mouvement en l'assurant qu'ils lo suivraient par tout Le Sr de Subercase a averty led Sr de Vaudreuil que l'entreprise des Ennemis but le Canada étolt remise & l'année 1710, et que les fonds estolent faits pour entretenir leurs troupes pendant deux ans.Ce projet obligera led.Sr de Vaudreuil a faire tous ses efforts pour se conserver les Sauvages, mais il a besoin pour cela d'avoir de la poudre a leur don' ner et il en a si peu qu'il en manque pour sa deffense et il est nécessaire d'en envoyer par les premiers vaisseaux avec de bons fusils.' Led.Sr de Vaudreuil demande aussy quelques médailles d'argent ou de vermeil pour faire des presens aux sauvages, parce que cela leur ferait beaucoup de plaisir et lès encouragerait a résister aux solicitations des Ennemis.Les S™ de Vaudreuil et Raudot par leur lettre commune représentaient la nécessité de restabllr les Congez pour MlssUunaklnac parce que les Outaubia comencent a négocier avec les flamans, et que les Iroquois leur donnent passage ce qui pourrait avoir des sulttes dangereuses par les liaisons de ces deux nations qui pourront se Joindre por faire la guerre aux françols et leur faire perdre le commerce du Castor, les Sauvages trouvant plus de douceur a négocier avec les anglois a cause du bon marché.(En marge : Cette lettre n'a point esté recette.) Lesd.Sn de Vaudreuil et Raudot proposent d'envoyer le Sr de Louvigny commandant a Mlssillmaklnac, ce choix fait voir que led.Sr de Vaudrettil n'a en veiie que le bien du service, le Sr de louvigny estant beau frère de S* du Linot et il ne demande ce poste pour cet officier que parce qu'il le croit capable de ménager l'esprit des outauôls il ne repond pas de son deslnteressem* pour le commerce, mais il fera son possible pour l'en cmpescher.Led.Sr de Vaudrettil demande une amnistie pour tons ceux qui ont esté dans les bois sans permission en consldera'on de quelques uns qui se sont venus Joindre au party du Sr de Ramezay et y ont rendu de bons services.Demande aussy des lettres de naturalité pour les Anglois qui sont establls dans la Colonie et dont les noms ont esté envoyez en 1708.D seroit avantageux por la Colonie d'obliger les Marchands qui envoyent des vnlss1 de mener un certain nombre d'engagez comme il se pratlquoit autrefois 416 ARCHIVES DE QUÉREC ponr servir pendant S.ans, les mM qui les prendroient payeroient leur passage et leur donnerolent les gages portes par leur engagent* ; cela ferait dans la suite de bons habitants, U serait aussy avantageux d'y faire passer quelques femmes ou filles pour servir de la même manière le pays étant très bon, et 11 ne manque que du monde pour le faire valoir, les habltans faute de domestiques ne pouvant cultiver la moitié de leurs terres.H serait aussy nécessaire pour le bien du pays et pour ocuper les femmes et les filles d'obliger les habltans de semer du chanvre, et d'en fournir tous les ans une certaine quantité au Magasin du Roy qui leur serait payée.On pourrait aussy avoir du gpldron en obligeant ceux qui ont des pinteres d'en aporter au magasin une certaine quantité qui leur serait payée.On a remarqué que depuis qu'il y a une grand nombre de chevaux en cette Colonie les jeunes gens en sont plus si vigoureux que lors qu'ils estolent obliges d'aller a pied en esté et en raquettes en hiver, comme Ils se sont accoutumes a aUer a cheval et en traisneaux on a de la peine a trouver des hommes qui puissent aller en parti pendant l'iiyver pour remédier aux inconveniens que cela peut avoir ils faudrait faire tuer une partie des chevaux, et afin que les habltans n'eu perdissent pas le prix on les ferolt saler, et on les vendrait aux sauvages comme du Bœuf, cela produirait un autre avantage, parce qu'on élèverait plus de bestes a corne et a laine.Il est de conseq\" d'envoyer une Recrue considerable, les troupes estant si foibles qu'elles ne sufIsent pas po* faire le service et fournir aux détacbemens qu'on est obligé de faire.n serait avantageux pour le bien de la Colonie de recevoir les enfans de famille cadets dans les troupes a l'Age de 15.ou 16.ans cela les formerait de bonne heure et les rendrait capables de bien servir et de venir bons officiers.Représente que par la prise du navire du Roy la Seine en l'année 1704 led.Sr de Vaudreull a perdu outre ses provisions tout l'équipage de sa Maison et une augmenta'on de vaisselle d'argent, ce qui joint au remplacement des autres choses nécessaires qu'il luy fallut acheter a Quebec luy a coûté prés de 40,000'.il a encore perdu 8,000' en différentes occasions d'arméniens et des partis dans lesquels 11 s'est intéressé pour donner de l'émulation aux Canadiens et les encourager a faire des entreprises.Ses apointenions luy ayant esté payes depuis l'année 1708, partie en billets de monnoye, il y a fait une perte considerable, cette perte et les emprunte quil luy a tara faire par le retardent' du payement de ses apointem* ont tout a fait dérangé ses affaires.Les Gouverneurs généraux du Canada ont toujours jouy du droit des entrées de leurs provisions, ce qui leur valolt environ 1,000' led.S' de Vaudreull n'en a joiiy que 2.années, en sorte qu'il est borné a ses apointemens.n a noury et logé les off\"» anglois qui sont venus en Canada soit po* retirer les prisonniers, on pour faire des propositions, ayant eu même pendant 8 mois le fils du Gouverneur g'nal de Baston, pendant 5.mois un envoyé dud.Gouverneur, et pendant près d'un an la fille du Gouverneur d'une petite place, ce qui a beaucoup cousté aud.Sr de Vaudreull sans qu'il ait esté remboursé d'un sol, quoyque ses prédécesseurs ayant été payes a raison de 41 par jour pour les officiers an- ARCHIVES DB QUÉBEC 417 glols qu'Us «voient cliez eux, et qui est aisé de justiff 1er.Depuis qu'on a retranché les Congés et les 2,000 ecus que les Gouverneurs avolent a distribuer pour soulager les pauvres familles, il n'a pu se dispenser de continuer de les ayder, ce qui luy a beaucoup cousté.Les duTerens voyage qu'il est obligé de faire souvent pour éviter la dépense qu'il causerait au Roy s'il faisolt venir a quebec les Iroquois qui viennent en ambassade luy ont cousté jusqu'à present des sommes considérables.BUe a encore perdu 400 ecus par la prise du Van sur lequel elle a passé de Canada, outre le derangement que le séjour qu'elle a fait en angleterre a causé a ses affaires.Ils sont chargez d'une nombreuse famille qui leur couste beaucoup à élever.BUe suplie Sa Ma\" d'avoir la bonté de faire attention a ses Representations, et d'accorder aud.Sr de- Vaudreuil une pension avec la survivance pour eUe, et d'a-corder a son fils aisné ancien garde de la marine et lieutenant des troupes en Canada une des Compagnies qui vacquent aud.pays, avec un brevet d'enseigne de V1 et un Benefice simple por un fils qu'elle a en pension aux Jésuites qui est tonsuré (1).LE MINISTRE A M.DB VAUDREUIL \\.\u2022 >\\vî,'-.*¦¦ :¦¦ \"-r'¦'¦¦,v*- ¦¦>' '¦' - ¦:' , 'a:/./'.¦;-.:.¦/¦>.y*:V '¦¦¦¦¦) ' ¦ ^\"o1 .¦ (1B octobre 1700) A Marly, le 15 Octobre 1708.M*, J'ay receu la Lettre que vous avez pris la peine de m'escrlre le 18 du mois de Juillet dernier, par laquelle vous m'informez que vous aves eu avis que vous deviez être attaqué du costé de la mer par une flotte considerable venue d'Angleterre et par 2000 hommes par terre du costé du haut de la Riviere, j'ay peine a croire que cet avis soit veritable, d'autant plus qu'U ne paroist pas par les nouvelles d'Ang™ qu'U soit party aucune escadre de ce Royaume pour les mers du Nord de l'Amérique, U a paru pendant quelque tems qu'on en equlpolt une avec des troupes qu'on y devolt embarquer pour aller reprendre le fort S' Jean, mais on a eu avis dans la sultte que la destination en avolt été changé et que partie de ces troupes et de cette escadre avalent passé en Portugal, cependant sur le compte que j'ay rendu au Roy des mesures que vous m'avez marqué que vous preniez pour vous opposer a ces forces ennemies; Sa M\" les a approuvées étant persuadée que cet advls vous est venu de quelqu'endroit que vous avez crû seur, faites moy sea voir par quel Canal vous l'avez receu, cependant comme les mou-vemens pareils a celuy que vous me marquez que vous avez fait faire du costé de Montreal, constent toujours beaucoup et que pons ne sommes pas en état de faire des dépenses Inutiles.U est neeessrc qu'en faisant ce qu'U faut pour être bien informé de ceux des ennemis vous évitiez autant que vous le pourrez les dépenses que des faux avis pourraient vous faire faire (2).(1) Archives Nationales, 0«-A, 80.fol.422-480.(2) Copie aux Archives de la Province de Québec.97 418 ARCHIVES DB QUÉBEC MM.DE VAUDRBUIIi BT RAUDOT AU MINISTRE (14 novembre 1708) Monslgnenr, -\"\" Les Sieurs de Vaudreiiil et Raudot ont receû par le vaisseau 1» bcllonne le Mémoire du Roy quil voua a plfl lean adresser datte a versatiles le 6° Juillet de cette année.Ils peuvent vous assurer qu'ils seront en bonne intelligence pour ce qui regardera le bien do service du Roy, et l'utilité de cette Colonie.Us ont appris Monseigneur, la bonne volonté que Sa Majesté a bien voulu marquer a ses sujets par les propositions raisonnables quelle a fait Offrir a ses ennemis pour estre en état de leurs procurer la paix.Ils ont aprls aussy celles que ces mesmes ennemis ont proposé qui sont opposées entièrement a la Justice et la raison.Ces propositions sont sy opposées a l'honneur de la nation francoise quil parois t aux sieurs de Vaudreiiil et Raudot quil vault mil fols mieux soutenir la guerre que davolr seullement la pensée de les accepter, tous les peuples doivent être obligés a Sa Majesté, du refus quelle en a faite, et doivent éstre toujours annlmés du mesme selle qulls ont eu jusqu'à present de soutenir cette guerre.Ils sont bien persuadés des grosses dépenses, et des argents Immenses quil en coûte au Royaume, et tacheront de diminuer celles de ce pays le plus qulls pouront.Tous les vaisseaux qui sont partis de la rochelle cette année sont Arrivés heureusement icy ils ont aportô des marchandises dont cette colonie manquolt qulls ont vendu d'une grande cherté et ont esté payés de ses denrées par le retardement qulls ont esté obligés d'y faire.Les terres Monseigneur, sont assez bonnes en ce pays pour les grains 11 s'en trouve par endroit de meilleur, les unes que les autres, Les Sn de Vaudreiiil et Raudot excitent toujours les habltans a faire de plus grandes cultures, et Us peuvent vous assurer qulls les augmenteront de plus en plus par le debit que l'on trouve a present du bled en ce pays; cette Colonie s'estimerolt bien heureuse Monseigneur, sy dans les tems de disette éUe pouvolt éstre de quelque secours au Royaume.EUe n'est pas encorre n'y aunes peuplée n'y assez déserté pour en pouvoir produire un considerable a la sultte des tems elle se trouvera en cet état EUe a aydé cette année la Colonie de plaisance et celles des Iles francoises de lamerique de ses farines.La disette qui est en franoe, Monseigneur, s'est fait ressentir aussy en ce pays, a l'égard des vins et eaudevie qui y sont dune très grande cherté.Les habltans de ce pays sèment le plus qulls peuvent mais sy tost qulls ont leurs bleds, Us cherchent a s'en deffaire par la nécessité qulls ont d'avoir des marchandises pour pouvoir s'habiller, sy bien Monseigneur, qulls n'en gardent que pour leur subsistance, le marchand qui s'est chargé de ce bled cherche a en faire la sortie pour se procurer des retours, cest ce qui fait quil ny en a point de provision ley, outre cela quoy que ce pays soit froid le bled ne sy conserve pas ARCHIVES HE QUÉBEC 419 bien, celuy qu'on garde a Quebec d'un an on 18 moto sent la poussière, et a montreal il se met quelque fols dés poux dedans qui le mange tout.On seme toujours le bled en ce pays des que la nége est fondue qui est ordinairement vers le 15 avril, et ces semences durent jusqu'au 10 de may, les terres qui sont labourées l'autonne h'yvernant en cet état produisent beaucoup plus que celles qui sont labourées le printemps, voila Monseigneur ce qui se pratique a l'égard des labours et des semences en ce pays ou la récolte se fait depuis le 15 août Jusqu'au 20* de septembre.La Récolte est au moins aussy belle cette année suivant l'opinion de tout le monde qne celle de lannée dernière, il est Impossible Monseigneur de pouvoir vous mander au Juste la quantité de bleds et legumes quelle a produit, mais on éspere quil sortira lannée prochaine la mesme quantité de farine quil est sorty cette année qui monte a 968,055' de farine.Le Sr de Vaudreiiil met toutte son application Monseigneur, pour conserver l'union entre tous les sauvages dont cette Colonie est environnée, et il ny a point de guerre entre eux a present, le Sr de Vaudreiiil se donne l'honneur de vous en rendre compte plus particulièrement dans sa lettre.Les S™ de Vaudreiiil et Raudot espèrent que vous aurez la bonté de faire envoyer lannée prochaine en cette Colonie les 100 soldats de recréue que Sa Majesté avoit eu la bonté dy destiner dés cette année, ils n'ont point encorre en ce pays les 100 qui furent envoyés lannée dernière a laccadle: Sy le Sr de Suber-casse leurs avoit mandé de les envoyer chercher, ils serolent a present en ce pays, ils aurolent trouvé une occasion en ce tems qui aurolt peu coûté a Sa Majesté pour les faire venir par la 'baye verte, au contraire le S' de Subercasse leurs a mandé que suivant nos Ordres il les envoyerolt icy, et ne layant pas fait il leurs a escrit cet automne de voir quel party ils vouloient prendre pour avoir cette recreiie, ils luy ont répondu qulls l'envoyerolt chercher le prlntéms prochain par une barque de la baye verte, cet envoy contera a Sa Majesté deux mil a deux mil cinq cent livres au moins ils ont receu dudlt Sr de Subercasse un état qulls ont l'honneur de joindre icy des dépenses de cette recreiie, U vous suplle de vouloir bien en ordonner le fond pour le remboursement de l'accadle Sa Majesté ayant toujours eû la bonté de faire rendre les recreiies a ses deepens dans cette Colonie, et nés tantes aux charges des fonds de ce pays que quand elles sont Incorporés dans les Compagnies lies Sn Raudot Monseigneur, êscrivent a Mr begon au sujet de 475 fusils quil a envoyés en ce pays les années 1705 et 1706, dont il a retenu le prix sur les fonds de cette' Colonie, et ils vous supllent de vouloir bien luy Ordonner de leurs en envoyer pareille quantité sans rien retenir sur les fonds de ce pays.Ils ont l'honneur d'en joindre icy le resencement et l'evoyront année par-année.\u2022 Les S™ de Vaudreiiil et Raudot Monseigneur, eurent l'honneur de vous proposer de vouloir bien donner la pension du Sr dénis a la dame de la chenaye sa fuie, ledit Sr dénis qui estolt encorre en ce tems vivant se donne l'honneur par un placet de vous en supller, depuis ce téms U est mort, ainsy ils vous prie de vouloir accorder la pension quil avoit a la dite d* de la chesnaye sa fille qut en a un extrême besoin.Les S™ de Vaudreull et Raudot ont esté très persuadés que le Sr daigremond 420 ARCHIVES DE QUÉBEC vous rendrolt on compte exact et ftdel dn voyage qull a fait par vos ordres dans les postes avances de cette Colonie, Ils sont aussy très persuades Monseigneur, des raisons qui doivent engager Sa Majesté de conserver le fort de Frontenac dans l'occurence présente, mais permettes leurs de vous représenter que ay cette Colonie avolt le malheur d'avoir la guerre avec liroquola il seroit impossible de pouvoir soutenir ce poste, puis qull faudrolt huit ou neuf cens hommes au moins pour y escorter chaque envoy de vivres qui y monterait.Ils ont l'honneur de vous assurer qulls ne feront aucun êstabllssement nouveau sans vos Ordres en ce pays.Le Sr de Vaudreuil exécutera ponctuellement Monseigneur, les ordres que vous luy falttes l'honneur de luy donner pour faire descendre les troupes qui sont au détroit et les Sn Baudot pourvoiront a leur subsistance comme a celle des autres soldats.Il est vray Monseigneur, que le S» de VaudrettU a deftendu par l'ordre quU a donné en 1706.au Sr de Ut mothe quand U est monté au détroit de laisser marier des françols avec des sauvages Jusqu'à tems quU eut receu des ordres contraires de vous, il la fait, persuadé quU est qull ne fault Jamais mésler un mauvais sang avec un bon, l'esperlence que Ion en a en ce pays, que tous les françols qui ont épousé des sauvagesses sont devenus libertins feneans, et d'une independence insuportable, et que les enfans qulls ont en ont esté d'une feneantiae aussy grande que les sauvages mesmes, doit empescher qu'on ne permette ces sortes de mariages.Vous verés Monseigneur, par la lettre part Icullcre du Sr de Vaudrettil qull a esté obligé d'ordonner au Sr de Joncalre de se deffaire du nommé mon tour qui provenolt d'un pareil mariage, il semble que tous les enfans qui en naissent cherchent a faire tourtes les peines possibles aux françols.Sy le S' de ht mothe avolt creu que cette deffense falsolt tort a son établissement U aurait pu Monseigneur, se donner l'honneur de vous en êscrlre pour avoir cette permission, le Sr de Vaudrettil eut l'honneur en ce téms de vous envoyer copie de l'ordre qnU remit aud.S' de lamothe avant son depart et que vous luy avez mandé que vous approuviez.Les presens que le Sr de lamothe reçoit au détroit des sauvages Monseigneur, le doivent indemniser de ce quU leur donne qui est très peu de chose estant Nullement quelque livres de poudre, et de balles dont Sa Majesté a eu la bonté de luy en \"donner gratis, les Sn de Vaudrettil, et Baudot, feront cependant Monseigneur, ce que vous leurs ordonnerés a cet égard.Les S™ de Vaudreuil, et Raudot n'ont point trouvé dans l'examen qu'Us ont fait des affaires qui servent Sa Majesté en ce pays de sujets plus propre pour le rétablissement du poste de michlllmaklna que le Sr de louvigny qui y a commandé autrefois pendant la dernière guerre, et qui y estolt très estimé et aymé de ces sauvages.Us ont l'honneur de vous le proposer Monseigneur, pour ce poste sans que cependant cela doivent faire tort a la Lteutenancc de Roy qui viendra a vacquer estant le plus ancien major, et outre cela un officier très ésclalré, et très vigilant, U seroit fâcheux pour luy que la justice qulls lay rendent, et qulls luy doivent au sujet du poste de michlllmaklna fut préjudiciable a son avancement. ARCHIVES DB) QUÉBEC 421 La confiance que les sauvages ont an 8' de Louvigny les font croire qu'on ne peut mieux faire dans la conjoncture présente que de l'envoyer a ce poste par ce que les anglois seforcant de soulever l'iroquois contre nous, il est de la dernière consequence sy cela arrivoit de leur «poser tourtes les nations outtauolses comme fit M* le Comte de frontenac, lequel se servoit pour cela dudit S' de Lou-vigny dont II fut très content par les mouvemens continuels quil faisoit faire sur les ennemis qui empêscholent ceux qulls aurolent pu faire en cette Colonie._.Sy Sa Majesté continue dans ce dessein de faire faire le rétablissement de ce poste, 11 faudra pour en faire connotstre la solidité aux sauvages y faire construire un fort et des maisons comme il y en avoit autrefois, et pour la construction, et conservation de ce fort, il sera nécessaire d'y avoir 20 soldats avec un sergent.Apres le rétablissement de ce poste le 8' de louvlgny pouroit revenir Joindre lemploy que vous auriez eu la bonté de luy procurer, son voyage a mlchUlmaklna ne devant point faire de tort a l'avancement quU mérite.* Le S' bond or estant mort a mlchUlmaklna n'a pu proffiter de la grace que Sa Majesté a bien voulu luy faire, il est descendu quatre ou cinq de ces coureurs de bols sur les bruits de guerre, et éstans arrivés dans le tems que Mr de Rame-say estolt en campagne, Us l'ont esté' rejoindre aussy tost desquels il a esté très content, en ayant éscrlt aux Sn de Vaudreiiil et Baudot pour les prier de vous demander grace pour eux sy bien quUs n'ont fait aucune ponrsultte accause de la guerre dont le pays estolt menacé, ils sont tous très repentans de la faulte qulls ont faite aussy bien que quelques uns qui sont restés a mlchUlmaklna dont ils ont l'honneur de vous envoyer la liste vous supliant de vouloir bien leur pardonner, et leurs envoyer une amistie generalle pour tous les coureurs de bois.B y a trois frères habltans de ce pays coureurs de bois qui ont esté trouvé par le party du nord, le Sr de lanoile les fit arrester et comme ils estaient dans une isle avec le détachement qui les avoit pris Us se sauvèrent dans les canots, le Sr de croisil qui sen aperceu pris son fusil et leur cria de revenir où quil tirerait sur eux, sy bien que ne revenant point et n'ayant point de canot pour aUer a eux U en tua un.Les 8™ de Vaudreull et Raudot Monseigneur, nont pû scavoir sy le nommé louis chapin dit S* Jean autre fois soldat dans les troupes de ce pays a esté pris de force, cest un bon soldat et qui serviroit bien encorre Sa Majesté.Cette Colonie Monseigneur, vous est toujours bien obligé du soin continuel que vous voulez bien prendre de luy assurer son commerce, eUe vous est fort obligé aussy de la jonction que vous avez bien voulu faire faire des S™ desmou-11ns, et taercier aux S™ aubert, neret, et gayot qui ont eBté obligés de demander un arrest de surcéance a Sa Majesté accause des térns dures, et difficlls.Les S™ de VaudrettU et Raudot tiendront exactement la main pour que tout le Castor qui sera achepté par les canadiens soient porté au bureau et Us sou-haitterolent bien qu'on en pû fournir tous les ans cinquant a soixante miniers, mate Us douttent Monseigneur, qua cela se puisse faire sans les congés quUs croyent absolument nécessaires dé rétablir, Sa Majesté ayant un commandant a mlchUlmaklna sur qui eUe poura compter poura estre seûr qu'on ny fera aucune traltté d'eaudevie, et tous les Canots des voyageurs éstans obligés de sy rendre 422 ARCHIVES DE QUÉBEC U y fera faire la visite pour voir s'ils n'y en ont point, on fera la mesme chose a ces canots avant qulls partent dlcy.Ils tiendront exactement la main a ce qull ne se tralttent point d'eaudevle aux sauvages conformément a l'ordonnance qulls ont receu.Le Sr Duplessls est très reconnoissant Monseigneur, de la grace que vous aves bien voulu luy faire d'agréer la transaction qull avolt faite avec une grande partie des interesses en la Compagnie, ils luy ont expliqué que Sa Majesté veult que moyennant cela que tourtes ses pretentions contre la colonie cessent, ils luy ont dit aussy quelle veult qull rende incessament ses comptes.Les Sn de Vaudrettil et Raudot espèrent Monseigneur, que vous voudrés bien faire partir de france des le petit printemps le vaisseau dn Roy pour a porter les munitions et marchandises nécessaires a cette Colonie, et dont Us ont absolument besoin aussy bien que des h'ardes des soldats auxquels U sera deft tannée prochaine trois habUIemens.Ils auront l'honneur de vous faire remarquer qulls ont besoin de pondre et de plomb, U est absolument nécessaire d'en donner aux sauvages et d'en vendre aux marchands pour la traltte, sy on eessolt ce seroit donner a ces sauvages une connolssance de notre foiblesse, lesquels ne pouvant se passer de cette marchandise en lrolent chercher chez nos ennemis, et U seroit a craindre qulls ne se joignissent a eux contre nous, les grands mouvemens qu'on a esté obligé de faire cette année par les avis qu'on a eft de tourte parts en ont consommé beaucoup h ussy bien qu'un grand nombre de fusil qu'on a esté obligé de donner aux sauvages, et prester aux françols, Le Sr de VaudrettU aura l'honneur de vous rendre compte dans sa lettre particulière des partis qui ont esté en campagne aussy bien que de tous les avis qutt a eft, tous ces partis et les fortifïlcations de cette villo ont conté a Sa Majesté, U est Impossible d'en faire un compte exact a present, sy bien que les Sn de VaudrettU et Raudot vous supUent de vouloir bien accorder a compte de ces dépenses dont ils auront l'honneur de vous envoyer le detaU l'année prochaine, un fond de 150 mil livres qui servira a rembourser le trésorier de ses avances et a retirer cent mU livres de cartes qulls ont esté obligé de faire.Bs auront l'honneur de vous représenter aussy que les soldats sestnnt trouvés tous nftds par deux habUIemens qui leurs sont deft cette année et dont U n'est venu aucun ils ont esté obligé de les faire habUler dêtoffe qu'on a achetté chez les marchands, tels menagemens qu'on aye pu faire ce deffault dhabUlement ne laissera pas de causer de la dépense a Sa Majesté.Sy vous ne pouviez pas Monseigneur, faire partir de france dés le petit prln-tems le vaisseau du Roy, pour, qull puisse éstre rendu icy vers le commencement de juin, les Sn de VaudrettU et Baudot vous supUrolent de vouloir bien faire charger sur quelque bastlmcnt qui viendrolt en prime dix milliers de poudre fine «t dix milliers de plomb en saumon, s'U partolt plusieurs bastfanens on pourolt séparer cette quantité, et mesme en faire charger partie a bayonne qu'on adresserait a M* de costebeUe a plaisance qui le chargerait en cet endroit dans un bâtiment de ce pays qui y est en hyvernement et qui doit revenir en cette colonie dès le petit prlntems.Bs ont escrlt mesme par precaution au Sr de CostebeUe de leurs envoyer de la poudre, du plomb, et des fusils de la prise de 8* Jean, mais Us ne sçavent ce qull leur viendra de ce costé. ARCHIVES DB QUÉBEC 423 Ledit S* de CostebeUe a envoyé Icy les prisonniers de S* Jean, le S* de Vaudreuil luy a envoyé par les derniers bastimens qui ont party de cette Colonie Le gouverneur, et quelques autres prisonniers pour éstres renvoyés en france.Cet envoy n'a pas lassé d'embarasser en ce pays ayant falu estabUr en cette vUle de nouvelles prisons, une maison pour cet effet quU a falu faire accommoder, avoir un homme pour en avoir soin et y êstabllr un corps de guerre.Us ont esté tra'.tté ley comme sa Majesté les traltte en france, le gouverneur a esté payé a 80 sols par Jour, son neveu qui Ostoit Lieutenant en a eu 12, et les autres prisonniers ont esté norls tant dans la prison que Chez les habltans on Us ont esté envoyés pendant quelque téms a S sols par jour, les S™ de Vaudreuil et Raudot vous su-pUent de vouloir bien ordonner un fond pour le remboursement de ses dépenses.Us ont l'honneur de vous supUer de Vouloir bien faire attention aux demandes qulls vous firent lannée dernière tant au sujet de la promotion qui estoit a faire en ce tems en ce pays, que pour quelques pensions qui estolent vaccantes, Us espèrent que vous voudrez bien y avoir égard.Les S\" de VaudreUil et Raudot ne peuvent s'empescher de vous marquer la consequence dont est le poste de chambly.Us en sont plus persuader qulls ne l'ont Jamais esté, cest le seul endroit par on les anglois peuvent venir en gros partie en cette colonie, et y amener du canon, et de petits mortiers, Us leurs pa-rolssolt absolument nécessaire d'y faire un fort de pierre qui seroit par ce moyen hors de l'insulte du canon parce que que celuy qulls peuvent amenner ne peut éstre que de quatre Livres de halles au plus, et ce ne seroit point tous les jours a racommoder ce qui cause toujours de nouveUes dépenses, outre qu'un fort de pieux est sujet a brasier tous les jours, ce poste bien fortUTlé et en état de def-fence metteroit a couvert la ville de montreal par ce qulls ne peuvent passer leurs voitures que par cet endroit, tout le monde est convaincu Monseigneur, de l'utilité de ce poste, Mr de Ramezay se donnera l'honneur de vous en éscrlre, U leurs en a êscrit a l'un, et a l'autre, et leurs a en mesme téms marqué toutte la consequence, on ne peut faire de partis contre les anglois qu'on ne se vienne rendre a ce poste en allant et en revenant, cest ce qui fait qulls se donnent l'honneur de vous suplier de vouloir bien leur accorder un fond de vingt mil Livres pour en faire hastlr un de pierre.Le 8r marquis de Grisa fix estant mort au mois de may dernier laisse le gouvernera' des trois rivlerres vaccant, le S' de llnctot major du mesme Heu mourût aussy, peu de Jours après, U laisse une nombreuse famille fort pauvre, sa veuve vous suplie Monseigneur, de luy accorder la pension qu'avolt feu son mnry, et les nppointemens jusqu'au jour du remplacement de celuy qui luy succédera, comme pareille grace fut accordé a la veuve du feu S' de grandpré cy devant major des trois rivlerres.Le 8' de lorlmler Capitaine est mort, et le Sr de manthet, ce dernier a esté tué an service du Roy, dans l'expédition dn nord ; U laisse six filles et point de bien, sa veuve vous aurait bien de l'obligation sy vous vouliez bien voua souvenir d'elle dans lea occasions et luy procurer quelque petite pension de Sa Majesté.Le Sr de L'otblnlere premier Conseiller est mort au mots de juin, le S* de repentigny Conseiller est aussy mort cette année.Les S\" de VaudrettU et Raudot, ont l'honneur de joindre ley une concession qulls ont fait an nommé laforce, Us vous supUent de vouloir bien en accorder la \\ 424 ARCHIVES Ï)B QUEBEC ratlffication comme de celles qulls eurent l'honneur de Joindre a leurs lettres de lannée dernière.Ils ont eu l'honneur cy devant de vous marquer la nécessité quil y avoit de faire un fort de pierre a chambly, cette nécessité leurs a fait prendre la resolution après en avoir conféré avec Mr de Ramezay et le S* dalgremond, de faire travailler dés le petit prlntéms au contour de ce fort en pierre et remetteront a faire le dedans en lannée mil sept cent onze, lui vous demande l'un et lautre excuse Monseigneur, de ce qulls font travailler sans avoir receû vos ordres mais la dépense qulls feront a ce sujet sera très utile, et en espargnera d'autres qu'on serolt obligé de faire, Ce fort Monseigneur, nous rendra encorre plus malstrés des Sauvages que nous ne le sommes, sera une retraltté assuré pour eux, et un poste très avantageux pour nous en cas de guerre pour les harceler, il fera perdre aux Colonies anglolses l'envie d'à porter la guerre dans celle cy ; il rassurera les esprits des peuples du gouvernement de montreal, et mesme tous ceux de cette colonie, on ne se lasserolt Monseigneur, de vous marquer les avantages qu'on tirera de ce fort, cest ce qui leur fait espérer que vous voudrés bien leurs accorder les 20 mil livres qulls se sont donnez lhonncur de vous demander cy devant Us ont l'honneur de Joindre icy un placet que la dame de L'otblniere se donne l'honneur de vous presenter Ils vous suplient de vouloir bien vous souvenir d'elle dans les Occasions.Us ont aussy l'honneur de Joindre ley un placet du Sr chambalon ancien no™ de Quebec a qui les gouttes ont entièrement osté depuis treize ans l'usage des bras et des Jambes, hormis deux ou trois mois de lannée ou il peut avec peine se servir d'une de ses mains pour signer quelques actes, les services que ledit chambalon a rendu au public tant quil a esté en santé joint a sa misère présente, les obligent de vous supller de vouloir bien obtenir de Sa Majesté, une petite pension pour luy.Le 8» de Longueil vient d'arriver des Onnontagnés Monseigneur, par tout ce quil nous a dit il nous parolst que nous ne devons rien craindre de ce costé la, et que les Iroquois ne prendront point la hache contre nous quoy qulls soient tous les Jours persécutés des anglois qui n'espargnent n'y presens ny menaces ponr les y obliger, il s'est fort bien acquitté de sa commission, et a esté parfaitement bien receu de ces Sauvages qui lalment et le considère beaucoup.Le désordre qui arrlvoit tous les ans a montreal au sujet de l'eau de vie a fait croire aux Sn de Vaudreiiil et Raudot qu'on ne pouvolt mieux faire que d'y commettre un Lieutenant de prevost avec trois archers ce qui a fait qu'après en avoir conféré ensemble le Sr de Vaudreull a donné une commission de Lieuten* de prevost au ST bottât avec permission a luy de prendre et choisir trois archers dont copie est cy joint Us ne connolssolent point en ce tems comme Us fout à present les têms dUTlcUs de la franco et nosent qu'asy vous demander de vouloir bien donner les mains a cet êstabllssement qui leur parolst abolument nécessaire sy on veult contenir les habitons de montreal dans la règle, et empescher Uvro-gnerie des sauvages que vous defféndez fortement, ledit Sr bottât «acquittera fort bien de cet employ sy vous voulès bien le faire honnorer d'une commission de Sa Majesté. ARCHIVES DB QUÉBEC 425 Les 8n de Vaudretill et Baudot ont l'honneur de vous demander toujours la continuation de votre protection pour cette colonie laquelle a ressenty jusqu'à present de continuels marques de vos bontés ; Us espèrent quelle en recevra une sensible par la bonté qne vous aurez de luy accorder lannée prochaine un vaisseau du Boy, et le faire partir en mesme tems de bonne heure de franco.Us ont l'honneur aussy de vous demander la continuation de votre protection pour eux, estans avec un très profond Respect.Monseigneur, Vos très humbles, et très ôheissans servit1, Vaudreull, Baudot, Raudot A Quebec ce 14* novembre 1709 (1).M.DB VAUDRBUIL AU MINISTRE (14 novembre 1700) ' A Quebeo 14.0*»* 1700.Monseigneur, Jay Receû par la bellonne la lettre de sa Majesté du 12* juin, comme aussy les deux autres lettres que vous m'avez fait l'honneur de m'escrlre les 20* mars et 6* juillet.Cest toujours avec bien du Respect Monseigneur que je recols vos Ordres, et mon unique a plication est de m'y conformer entièrement afin de mériter par la - l'honneur de votre protection que je vous prie très humblement de vouloir bien me continuer.Jay eû l'honneur l'autonne passé de vous donner ft vis par une lettre particulière des mouvemens qui se faisolent dans le gouvernement d'orange, comme aussy du bruit qui couroit que les anglois faisolent des magasins d'armes, de vivres, -et de souliers sauvages, et des ce tfims, jay pris la liberté de vous assurer que je serols allerte sur tous les mouvemens que pourolent faire nos ennemis, et que soit que j'attaquast ou que je me deffendis je ne negligerois rien de tout ce qui pourolt contribuer au bien du service du Roy, et la seureté de cette colonie.(1) Archives Nationales, Colonies, C«A.fol.4-22. 426 ARCHIVES db QUÉBEC Je me suis donné l'honneur de tous escrire ce prlntems par plaisance et je vous ay rendu compte des raisons qui m'ont obligé de monter a montreal pendant le cours de rhyvert sur ce que M* de Rameaay me m'arquolt par plusieurs lettres consécutives que les nouvelles se conflrmolent que les ennemis voulolent faire quelque entreprise sur les glaces.Je vous ay marqué par la mesme lettre Monseigneur, les efforts que Mr dudley gouverneur de baston falsolt faire par les gens d'orange pour engager les Iroquois a se declarer contre nous, se servant pour cela de l'autorité dun nouveau gouverneur venu a mena the, et du credit que pitre schule a sur ces Sauvages ce qui de mon costé ma obligé de faire partir le Sr de joncalre des la fonte des glaces afin de maintenir toujours ces Sauvages dans la neutralité, leur faisant eonnolstre quil est de leur interest de ne prendre aucun party entre l'an-glols et nous, cest a quoy 11 aurolt reussy entièrement sy 11 avoit pu estre partout mais estant allé a Sonnontouans faire un tour, en attendant que les onnon-tagués fussent prest pour descendre avec luy comme Us luy a voient promis, les anglois envoyèrent a Onnontagué abrabam Schule avec quatre flamands et quelques anglois pour chanter la guerre dans les villages, et présenter la hache aux nations de la part de la Rêyne d'angleterre.Abraham Schule ayant eu une grande conversation avec le H*1 pere de lam-berviUe et luy ayant témoigné que c'estolt avec regret quil estolt obligé de venir presenter la hache aux Sauvages, U fit sy bien quU engagea ce bon pere a venir luy mesme a montreal me donner avis de ce qui se passoit, et comme abrabam Schuile ne demandolt pas mieux que d'eslolgner le pere de lambervUle, connohv sant le credit que ce bon pere a sur l'esprit des onnontagués, sy t'ost quil le vit party U profita de son absence et faisant eonnolstre au Rd pere de MareflU qui avoit resté, que sa vie n'estoit pas en sûreté, U luy Insinua que le seul moyen de pouvoir se tirer du perU certain ou U estolt, cestolt de venir avec eux a Orange, ce que ce bon pere ayant accepté comme U parolst par une copie de la lettre quil escrlt luy mesme au pere dheft missionnaire a Sonnontouans et que je joins ley.abrabam Schule pour engager de plus en plus les onnontagués a nous declarer la guerre fit aussy t'ost brasier la chapelle du pere par des Ivrognes comme aussy sa maison quil fit piller auparavant.Le Sr de joncalre qui estolt a 15 lieues de la ayant apris cette nouvelle ne jugea pas a propos connolssant le génie des Sauvages de risquer les Soldats qui estaient avec luy mais ne voulant pas abandonner aussy le pere d'heu qui estolt a Sonnontouans ny s'en revenir sans scavoir sy U n'y avoit pas moyen de racom-' moder les affaires, U envoya son canot et ses soldats au fort de frontenac avec la lettre cy jointe au Sr de la, fresniere qui y commande et sen retourna seul a Sonnontouans.Touttes ces nouvelles Monseigneur jouîtes a plusieurs autres qui nous a voient des] a esté raportés par des prisonniers anglois que nos Sauvages a voient faits depuis le prlntems nous faisant eonnolstre que nous allions avoir une guerre très sanglante en ce paya, et dautant plus a craindre quil parrolssoit que les Iroquois se déclaraient contre nous, je me préparé des l'ors a bien recevoir les ennemis et le 25 Juin des Sauvages abenakis m'ayant amenné un prisonnier an- ARCHIVES DE QUÉBEC 427 glois de l'âge de 40 ans, homme tait, et dont je joins icy l'interog.j'envoyé ce prisonnier a qnebec afin de mieux faire oonnolstre a Mr l'Intendant, et a Mr son fils la nécessité qull y avolt de se precnut ionner contre tout ce qui pouvolt arriver, jenvoyé mes Ordres aux trois rivlerres an S' de Cabanac qui y commande depuis la mort de M' de crlsafix, et de linetot, et a M?de langloiserle a quebec, afin que les habita ne missent ce qulls avolent de meilleur en seureté, et que tous ceux qui serolent en état de porter les armes fussent prêts aux premieres nouvelles des vaisseaux ennemis pour se rendre a quebec avec le plus de vivres qui leurs seroit possible, comme aussy leurs armes, j'escrivls a Mn les Intendants, n Mr de langlols* et au Sr le Vasseur pour que l'on fit oillgenter les travaux, et enfin Monseigneur, je n'a y rien négligé dés ce téms la de tout ce qui pouvolt contribuer a la seureté de la ville de Quebec et a la deffence generalle du pays.Le gouvernement de montreal estant le plus exposé aux courses des Iroquois je fis assembler chez moy Mr de Ramezay, Mr de longettil, Mr de bellement superleur du séminaire et seigneur de l'Isle de montreal, le supérieur des jesuittes, les missionnaires des sauvages, et ce qull y avolt a montreal de capitaines, et après leur avoir fait part de toutes les nouvelles, 11 fut résolu qull faloit Obliger les hflbitans de ce gouvernement a retirer dans-la ville leurs familles, leurs effets, leurs grains, et leurs bestiaux, afin que sy les ennemis venoient un corps assez considerables pour tenir la campagne, Us ne pussent pas du moins trouver aucuns rafraischissemens dans les costes, principalement dans celles du sud qui selon les apparences dévoient éstre les plus exposés a leurs courses : et comme le fort de frontenac est Insoutenable pendant la guerre avec les Iroquois, à moins que de faire des dépenses très considerables, je fis tenir un second conseil de guerre chez moy, ou 11 fut résolu qull faloit labandonner.mais heureusement le S' de joncalre estant arrivé a.montreal, et m'ayant assuré que quarante Sonnon-touana descendolent avec luy, et qulls me ramenolent le père d'hcû avec un forgeron francohLquils avolent depuis quelques années dans leurs villages, je prof-fltoy de ce tems et du séjour de ces sauvages a montreal pour Jetter des vivres dans le fort de frontenac qui en manquolt, je joins ley ce que ces sauvages m'ont dit, et mes réponses, vous connolsterés Monseigneur, par leurs parolles et par leur condultte jusques icy que je ne me suis pas trop avancé quand jay dit au commencement de ma lettre que sy le Sr de joncalre avolt pu éstre partout, il aurolt fait baUancer le credit d'abraham Schule, il luy est fort avantageux dans une situation pareille a celle ou il s'est trouvé, se voyant h'ors de danger, d'avoir retourné a Sonnontottans sans sçavolr au juste ce qui pouroit luy arriver, et cela après avoir fait casser la teste lay mesme par ses gens il n'y avoit pas trois semaines a un nommé montour françols de nation, mais homme entièrement aux anglois, et a leurs gages, et qui depuis deux ans travaUlolt a attirer chez eux touttes les nations d'en hnult, se faisant fort de les faire declarer contre nous, je dois cette justlce.au ST de joncalre qui dans cette affaire et dans son retour a Sonnontottans, il a fait parolstre tourte la fermeté que l'on doit attendre d'un bon officier qui na en vefl que le bien du Service.Les Sonnontouans Monseigneur, estons repartis très content de moy, et moy d'eux, je me préparais a descendre a Quebec pour en presser les fortlff ieations, l'ors que un sauvage que J'avols envoyé exprès chez les Sauvages loup habitués près d'orange, pour scavoir des nouvelles, arriva et me dit que les ennemis tra- 428 ARCHIVES DB QUÉBEC vaUlolent fort, et ferme a faire des bntteaux, et que mesme ils faisolent charrier leur vivre le long de la rivierre d'orange, afin d'estre tout prest a venir a montreal syt'ost qulls auroient nouvelles que leur flotte serolt en rivierre.Cet avis Monseigneur, Joint a une lettre que Je receu le lendemain des S» de Rouvilie et de la perl ere dont Jay l'honneur de vous envoyer copie, me fit prendre la resolution de faire enlever les magasins des ennemis, comme aussy casser leurs voitures,, et pour cet effet au lieu d'amenner les troupes a quebec quoy quelles y fussent très nécessaires.Je les l'alssay a M* de Ramesay, et ayant envoyé des Ordres aux trois rivlerres pour en faire monter deux cens hommes, comme aussy les sauvages abenakls de S* franco is et de beceanoourt.Je fia un corps a Mr de Ramezay de près de quinze cens hommes, et luy donnay les ordres cy Jointes, très persuadé qu'avec un pareil détachement 11 n'avoit rien a craindre et estolt en état de tout entreprendre dans le lac champlaln, comme de fait, J'ay lieu de croire que Mr de Ramezay auroit parfaltem' bien reussy sy par mal'heur pour nous le Jour quil aprocha de la pointe a la chevelure, il ne sea toit servy d'un Jeune officier son neveu pour envoyer a la découverte, lequel s'estant trop avancé, se fit d'escouvrlr luy mesme par les ennemis qui estolent un party de cent, et quelques hommes tant anglois, flamands, que sauvages loups.Ce contretema ayant rompu les mesures que Mr de Ramezay avoit pris pour se rendre maître de la pointe a la chevelure, U fut d'esbarquer trois quarts de lieues plus bas, et voyant défiler les ennemis en avant, et venir vers l'endroit ou il éstoit, il se preparoit a les bien recevoir, l'ors qu'on luy donna avis quil y avoit d'autres anglois par le bols en grand nombre, cela l'empescba d'abord de faire charger en canot ceux qui estolent sur la rivierre, mais voyant enfin que les ennemis s'apercevant du Heu ou il estolt, eommonçolent a'vonloir gaignsr le l'arge, 11 fit tirer dessus, et Ion en tua environ une trantalne.C'est un mal'heur pour M' de Ramezay que les ennemis l'ont d'escouvert les premiers sans cela, il auroit enveloppé ce party, et on peut dire quil auroit fait un très beau coup, cela est d'autant plus mal'heureux que cela a empesché M' de Ramesay de pousser plus 1 oing ; par ce que le même soir ayant entendu tirer deux coups de fusils, et croyant que ce pouroit estre quelques anglois blessés qui avolent besoin de secours, il y envoya deux ou trois canots qui trouvèrent deux flammands, Lesquels a .vans pris nos francols pour de leurs gens, vinrent au bord de l'eau, mais ayant reconnu la méprise, ils voulurent galgner le l'arge.ce qulls auroient fait, sy (le) Sr de Rouvilie qui commandoit ce détachement, ne les eût fait coucher en jolie, et ne les eût obligé de venir s'embarquer avec luy : je joins icy Monseigneur, ce que ces deux prisonniers ont dit a Mr de Ramezay, comme aussy leur lnteroga-toire a quebec, je ne vous en fais pas une repetition de peur de vous ennuyer par un trop long discours, J'auray seulement l'honneur de vous dire que sans ces deux prisonniers que Mr de Ramezay nous a envoyé a Quebec, U auroit esté plus loing, ainsy quil parolst par le conseil de guerre quil a tend a la pointe a la chevelure comme aussy, par ce que tous les Sauvages qui estolent avec luy luy ont dit dont je joins icy copie aussy bien que du Conseil de guerre.J'ay oublié Monseigneur, de vous dire dans le commencement de ma lettre qu'estant arrive a montreal le huitième may, je d'estaehé plusieurs petits partis de sauvages afin de faire des prisonniers pour avoir des nouvelles, les anglois ayant eft le mesme dessein, un party de douze a quinze hommes tant anglois que ARCHIVES DB QUÉBEC 429 sauvages loops trouvèrent dans le lac champlaln an party de nos sauvages du Sault dont Ils tuèrent deux bornes, a qui Ils levèrent la chevelure, le mesme party ennemy s'en retournant par la rivière 8nouskyt trouva encorre un de nos partis du Sault au recollet qui revenolent avec quatre prisonniers anglois, nos gens estant surpris, les anglois leurs tuèrent encorre un homme, mais nos sauvages s'estant reconnu ils débarquèrent, et poussèrent sy vivement les ennemis qui estolent par terre, qu'après leurs avoir tué quatre ou cinq hommes, ils mirent le reste en fuit te, et en danger de périr par la faim, n'ayant aucuns vivres, et presque tous nyails abandonné leurs armes.Ce party des ennemis ayant sy mal reussy nous n'en avons point veû depuis par cette rivierre, mais nos sauvages n'estant pas contons et se trouvant picqués, ils mé demandèrent a aller en party, et que Je leurs donn'ast pour les commander les SrB de Rouviiie et de la perlere, avec une cinquantaine de françols des plus ingambes, ce que Je fis sur l'heure, pour ne pas refroidir leur bonne volonté et en mesme téms pour leur faire connoistre que leurs interests ne nous sont pas moins chères que le notre, et qulls suffisoit qulls eussent esté attaqué pour que Je mis des françols en Campagne.Ce party Monseigneur, estant allé dans la fourche de la rivière de Kynlcti-gouk pour enlever des anglois que l'on avoit eu avis y éstre a la découverte, et nayant rien trouvé, ils retournèrent sur leur pas, et vinrent a guerreflll ou ayant dressé une embuscade pour engager les anglois a venir donner dedans, ils prirent deux anglois envie dont Je Joint icy l'lnterogat™ et m'escrivirent la lettre que Jay eft cy devant l'honneur de vous marquer sous la cotte F.Par cette lettre Monseigneur, Ils me donnent fi vis du dessein que les ennemis ont de venir a quebec, et a montreal, et lesdlts Srs de Rouville et de la perlere n'ayant pu faire au t rechose es tans d'escouvers, ils sont revenus avec leur party Joindre Mr de Ramesay dans le lac champlaln.Cette Lettre des Sn de Rouville, et de la perlere, aussy bien que ce que ces deux prisonniers dirent estant arrivé a montreal me faisant connoistre qull n'y avoit nullement a doutter que les ennemis ne fissent un Armement considerable pour venir a Quebec, Je m'y rendis le plustost qull me fut possible, et Jy trouvay en arrivant le gouverneur de S' Jean avec sa garnison prisonnière de guerre que Mr de CostebeUe m'avolt envoyé par le Sr de la Ronde, Je ne vous rend point compte de cette action.M\" le Sr de CostebeUe vous en ayant imformé, mais Je puis vous assurer, que M' de CostebeUe en se desharassant n'a pas laissé que de nouB embarasser beaucoup, et nous causer aussy de la dépense, cest ce qui m'a obligé ces Jours cy après en avoir conféré avec Mr Raudot fils, de prendre le party de renvoyer ce gouverneur, son neveu, son valet et deux autres de sa garnison a Mr de CostebeUe, pour qui les fit passer par le vaisseau de Mr de la Ro-chehalard ou par quelqn'autre.M' de CostebeUe me m'arqu'ant Monseigneur, qull avolt eft avis qull se fal-solt un armement en angleterre de 12 ou 16 gros vaisseaux, et qull ne douttolt pas que ce ne fût pour luy, Je receu avis en mesme tems par M7 de Subercase qull ny avoit rien de sy certain que l'armement qui se falsolt a baston éstolt pour nous, et qull devoit a cet armement se Joindre une flotte très considerable de la vieille angleterre.je Joins ley un extrait de sa lettre. 43Q ARCHIVES DE QUÉBEC Sur touttes ces nouvelles Monseigneur, et sur l'interogatolre des deux prisonniers flamands que Mr de Ramesay avoit fait dans le lac champlaln, Je réitéra y les Ordres qne j'avols donné dans touttes les costes, jen donny de nouveaux aux d'escouvreurs que j'avols des deux costé de la rivierre a querents et cinquante Heiies de Quebec, je vlsltay les costes, moy mesme accompagné du S' de Louvigny major de Quebec, Je fis les reveues des habltans, je vlsltay leurs armes, fis faire des rolles de ceux qui en manquolent, comme aussy de celles qui estolent a racommoder, j'encouraj'ay les uns, repondis'aux raisons des autres, je fis mesme une augmentation d'officiers de milice afin de mieux Insinuer aux habltans ce que j'avols envie qulls fissent, et enfin estant de retour a Quebec, Je fis tenir un Conseil de guerre ou Mr Raudot fils se trouva, Mr de langlolserle, M' de Louvigny, et ce quil y avoit de capitaines presens Je joins ycy copie de ce Conseil de guerre pour vous faire eonnolstre Monseigneur, la situation ou nous estions en ce tems la.v- La nuit du 16 ou 17 aoust Je receu une lettre du 8r de plaine quil m'eacrlvolt de 20 Lieues de Quebec ou U me donnolt avis que a S Heiies ap dessus du hic, cest a dire a quelque quarente cinq Heiies de Québec, il avoit veO huit navires sous voiles, et deux autres quil croyoit avoir veil plus au nord, avec d'autres particularités que vous verres Monseigneur par sa lettre, j'avoue a votre Grandeur que quelque precaution que j'eusse pris, je ne laissa y pas que d'estre Intrigué par cette nouvelle, car suivant les lettres de Mr de Subercasse, je ne pouvoia attendre la flotte des ennemis d'un mois tout au plust'ost, et suivant ce que marquolt le ST de plaine, quil disoit avoir veti, je ne pouvols me flatter que cette flotte fut francoIse, les troupes en partie estolent encorre a montreal, la ville malgré tous les soins, et mou-vemens que le Sr levasseur se donnolt, estolt encorre ouverte a bien des endroits, il falolt faire retirer les bestiaux dans les bois, y envoyer les femmes et les enfans, et faire venir les hommes a la ville, chose d'autant plus difficile que ceux qui auroient deû m'ayder a engager les peuples a tout sacrifier pour se deffendre, estolent les premiers a leurs insinuer, malgré touttes les nouvelles que je recevois, quil estolt impossible quo les ennemis vinssent en ce pays, ce qui vous parolstra Incroyable, mais cependant chose très veritable.La lettre du Sr de plaine mayant esté rendu a deux heures après minuit, Je m'apllquay d'abord a donner les ordres que je cru nécessaire, et y ayant employé la nuit du 16 au 17 aoust et tout le Jour suivant, le 18 je fis tenir un nouveau conseil de guerre.Jay l'honneur de vous envoyer cy Joint'copie de ce qui fut résolu dans ce conseil, et de ce jour la nous avons forcé les travaux autant quil nous a esté possible, mais comme les récoltes estolent ouvertes, et quil Cstolt aussy dangereux de ne les pas faire, que de ne pas employer ce temps a fortiff 1er la ville de quebec, nous jugeasmes a propos M' Raudot fils et moy d'envoyer de nouveaux d'escouvreurs pour avoir nouvelle de ceux qui estolent a tadoussac, et attendans nous employâmes les habltans qui ftrrivolent de jour a autre, aux ouvrages les plus pressés, nous avions d'esja pris ht precaution quelque tems auparavant de faire travailler les mat helots des navires qui estolent a quebec; tant pour soulager en quelque façon les bourgeois des navires de la dépense qulls estolent obligés de faire accause de leur retardent*, que pour diminuer en mesme.tems le nombre des habltans que l'on estolt obligé de fournir au S* levasseur. ARCHIVES DB QUÉBEC 431 et par ce moyen faciliter les travaux de la campagne, sans quoy nous aurions couru risques d'une famine lannee prochaine.Nos nouveaux d'escouvreurs êstans revenus de tadoussac sans qu'eux ny les autres qui y estolent eussent rien veu, je renvoya tout le monde, et je dois cette justice a tous les habltans du.gouvernement de Quebec, et de celuy des trois rivlerres, que malgré les bruits que l'on avolt fait courir, leur récoltes, et leurs petits interests particuliers, je les ay veu très disposes a se venir Jotter dons quebec, ceux des trois rivieres mesme ont fait en quelque façon plus qu'on ne devolt attendre d'eux, car Ils ont monté deux fois a montreal, et sont descendus une fols a quebec.On pretend que ceux du gouvernement de montreal s'excusant sur ce qulls avolent les ennemis sur les bras, ont fait quelque difficulté de descendre a quebec un détachement de quatre cens hommes que je demandols.pour moy tant que jay esté gouverneur de montreal, et depuis que Je suis gouverneur general, Je n'ay remarqué dans ces habltans tourtes les fols que jay esté en hault, quune aveugle obéissance a tout ce que Jay voulu, et une veritable envie de bien faire leur devoir: ce que jay encorre reconnu ces Jours derniers quand Jay esté a chambly.J'ay eû l'honneur Jusques icy de vous marquer Monseigneur, touttes les nouvelles que J'avols receu tant par les Iroquois, par Orange, par les prisonniers anglois, que par l'accadle, lesquelles touttes ensembles conflrmolent que Je dévots éstre Attaqué par montreal, et par quebec.les moindres noftveUes estolent qne je devols éstre attaqué a quebec par six mil hommes, et a montreal par deux mil, on pretendoit mesme que dans le nombre de ces 6000 hommes a quebec, il devolt y avoir cinq regimens de troupes réglées, le reste gens ramasses en Ecosse a qui on avoit promis pour recompense le pillage et des terres touttes faites en ce pays, il est a propos que Je vous fasse a present un portrait fidel des forces dn Canada.De gouvernement de montreal Monseigneur, a depuis soixante et dix ans jusqua quinze, environ douze cent hommes.Le gouvernement des trois rivlerres a depuis soixante et dix ans jusqua quinze, environ quatre cent hommes.Le gouvernement de quebec a depuis soixante et dix ans Jusqua quinze, deux mil deux cens hommes, et cela en qnarente Lieues de pays, cest a dire vingt lieues au dessous de Quebec et vingt lieues au dessus.Les troupes fournissent en tout, n'on compris le détachement du détroit, environ trots cens cinquante hommes, mais je ne comptais en avoir a quebec que deux cent cinquante, estant très a propos de laisser le reste a montreal, car sans troupes, quelque bonne volonté que puisse avoir les habltans, il y a toujours des mutins, et ils ont cette délicatesse en ce pays, que l'on ne peut faire arrester un canadien par un autre.Les mathelots des navires falsoient en tout deux cens quelques hommes, et dans la colonie on peut a peu près faire fond sur cinq cens sauvages portant les armes, tout cela ramassé fait en tout quatre mil huit cens cinquante hommes, osté le tiers pour les vieillards, ou jeunes gens de quinze ans Incapables de porter les armes, et que l'on auroit esté Obligé d'envoyer dans les bols pour la garde des femmes, des enfans, et des bestiaux, il me seroit resté en tout.Je supose que tout le reste seroit venu, trois mil trois cens cinquante hommes, de ces trois mil 432 ARCHIVES DE QUÉBEC trois cent cinquante U me faloit pour le moins mil hommes pour deffendre le gouvernement de montreal, reste pour quebec deux mil trois cens cinquante hommes qui selon les nouvelles dévoient éstre attaqués par six mil hommes, je crois Monseigneur, pour peu que vous ayés la bonté d examiner ce mémoire qui est très fidel, que pour l'ors vous approuveréa les dépenses que J'ay fait faire; d'autant plus qu'avec sy peil de troupes, et de milice, il m'estott comme Impossible de pouvoir résister au premier effort des ennemis, a moins que d'avoir retran-chemens sur retranchemens, et par la les lasser eux mesme, tant par les nouveaux retranchemens qulls aurolent toujours trouvé devant eux, que par la perte du monde que cela leurs auroit causé.Certaines gens par haine particulière contre le Sr le Vasseur, ou par esprit de contradiction, n'estolent point pourtant de deh'ors, mais moy qui connoist le Canadien, et qui scait par une longue experience qui luy fault des retranchemens, ne fussent qu'un arbre renversé si l'on veut qull tienne ferme, j'ay fort approuver tous ces dehors ; et je puis vous assurer Monseigneur, que le S» levasseur par cette manière de fortiffier a mis la ville de quebec dans un état a pouvoir tout espérer de la bravoure de nos milices, au lieu que sy nous n'avions eû qu'une simple enceinte, et que par mal'heur nous eussions esté forcé en quelque lieu que ce fut par un premier assault, on pouvolt dire la ville prise, les milices quelque braves quelles soient, ne faisant jamais ce que Ion fait faire des troupes, comme le Sr le Vasseur aura l'honneur de vous rendre compte de tons les travaux qull a fait et des raisons qull a eû, je ne puis dons cette lettre que fort vous assurer Monseigneur, que je les ay approuvé.M' de Ramezay par sa lettre du 10° septembre dont je Joint icy copie, m'ayant envoyé le Sr de joncalre avec un sauvage nommé arousem nouvellement venu du camp des ennemis, je le fis lnteroger presence de Mr Raudot .fils, et ce sauvage nous ayant dit que les ennemis estolent toujours campés sur la rlvlerre d'orange, dans le dessein de venir a montreal, et que les Iroquois ne pouvant plus résister aux fortes sollicitations de pitre sehullo, s'estoient enfin déclarés tous en leurs faveurs, hormis les Sonnontottans, que pitre Schulle pour éstre plus maître des sauvages avolt pris la resolution de venir faire un fort au bout du lac S* Sacrement et que les anglois au nombre de six cent dévoient s'emparer au plut'ost de la pointe a la chevelure, pour de la estre plus a portée de venir Icy quand ils le jugeraient a propos, qulls avolent cinq pieces de canons, et plusieurs grenades, comme aussy des mortiers pour les jetter, que leur dessein estoit de prendre chambly, et ensultte d'aller a montreal, ou descendre a quebec, suivant les nouvelles qulls aurolent de leur flotte.Comme nous estions au 16e septembre, et que suivant le raport de ce sauvage, les ennemis n'avoient pas encorre nouvelle de leur flotte, je conjecturay de la que nous navions plus rien a craindre pour quebec, veû la saison avancé, mais comme ils estolent encorre campés, et que venant a la pointe a la chevelure ils se mettoient a portée de pouvoir en deux jours se rendre a chambly, 11 me paru de la dernière consequence de ne leur pas donner entrée sur nos terres, et pour cet effet je pris ht resolution d'aller moy mesme a chambly, et pour ne pas d'esgarnir le gouvernement de Quebec je pris seullement avec moy les troupes, quatre cens hommes de milice de ce gouvernement, les sauvages qui se trouvèrent a Quebec, et en passant aux trois rivlerres je pris deux cens hommes avec lea sauvages abennlds de S' françols, et de beccancourt, estant arrivé a Sorel Jen- ARCHIVES DB QUÉBEC 433 voyô camper tout le monde a chambly, sous les Ordres du S* de la Chassalgne, en attendant que je pus m'y rendre moy mesme par la prerle de la madeleine.M* de Ramezay m'ayant donné avis en chemin dun collier que le nommé aronsem arolt donné en passant, au Sauvages du Sault S* Louis de la part des anniers, je fut fort aise estant a montreal, de scavoir de ces Sauvages mesme ce que contenoit ce Collier, et quels estolent leurs sentlmens, Us me dirent que les anniers leurs avolent fait scavoir par Aroûsem, que c'estolt avec chagrin quUs avolent embrassé la paroUe de pitre, que la hache qu'on leur avoit mis en main ne leurs faisolt point de plaisir, mais quil leurs avoit esté Impossible de la refuser, n'osant le faire veû le grand nombre d'anglols qui estolent, et qui arri-volent tous les jours a Orange, qulls leurs donnoient avis en bons frères, que les francols ne pourolent Jamais résister a l'armé des anglois, quil estolt tems encorre, a eux du Sault de prendre leur party, et de se retirer, mais que s'Us ne le faisolent pas, qulls pouvolent se regarder comme morts et quU n'y avoit pour eux aucun quartier a espérer.Les anciens du Sault m'ayant dit cela, et m'ayant témoigné éstre fort aise de me voir arriver avec bien du monde, afin de pouvoir plus facilement repondre aux anniers, Us me dirent que leur dessein estolt de repondre a ces Sauvages.Quil s remercioient leurs frères du Collier que Aroûsem avoit aporté, par lequel ils leurs faisolent eonnolstre quil s n'a volent pas pris la hache contre On-nontlo de bon cœur, mais seulement parce qulls n'avoient pû s'en deffendre, que sy la chose estolt ainsy, quil leur estolt facile de se dégager d'une mauvaise affaire, qu'Us n'avoient qu'a continuer la neutralité sy fldellement Observé de la part du francols, que pour eux du Sault Us estolent résolu de vivre et mourir avec luy que la menace de langlois ne leur faisolt point dé peur, qulls sçavolent par experience que le francols Jusques ycy l'avolt toujours battu, qulls éspe-roient que ce serolt encorre la mesme chose, et que tant qulls serolent sous les aisUes d'onnontio qulls ne craignolent rien, que arroussem porteur du Collier pouroit leur dire la manière dont on estolt fortiffié a Quebec, et a montreal, et le monde quil y avoit a chambly pour attendre langlois, que cest a eux anniers a faire leur reflextion sur la guerre passée, afin de pouvoir prendre de Justes mesures pour celle cy, qulls dévoient se souvenir que dans la dernière guerre les anglois les avolent abandonnés et quUs feraient encorre de mesme dans celle cy, syt'ost que la paix serolt en Europe.Voila Monseigneur a peu près les paroUes que les anciens du Sault S* Louis me dirent qulls voulolent repondre an Collier que les anniers leurs avolent envoyé, et comme U ne me parût rien en cela de contraire au bien du service de Sa Majesté, je suis convenu avec ces Sauvages quils feraient cette réponse, et je leurs ay fait ad j out ter, que sy pitre chagrlnolt trop les anniers, qulls serolent toujours bien receûs parmy nous.Cette affaire Monseigneur, s'estant terminé ainsy, Je suis party de montreal pour me rendre a chambly, ou tous les Sauvages sont venus me trouver, jy suis demeuré jusqu'au 15e octobre, que je me suis veû dans l'obligation par le manque de vivres de renvoyer les milices, comme aussy tous les sauvages, ne faisant rester a chambly que les troupes pour attendre deux partis de cinquante hommes chacun que J'avols dans le lac champlaln.Les ennemis suivant touttes les nouveUes estant toujours campés a environs 15 Heiies d'orange, j'ay l'alssé comme je viens d'avoir l'honneur de vous 28 434 ARCHIVES DB QUÉBEC dire lea troupes a chambly, elles y ont demeurés jusques au octobre, que M» de Ramezay les en a fait revenir, sur des nouvelles qull a en par on prisonnier flamand fait par quatre sauvages du Sault S* Louis, lequel il m'a envoyé a quebec.Ce prisonnier Monseigneur, qui est allé par deux endroits a pitre Sehulle, est lieutenant en second d'une compagnie de milice levée dans le gouvernement de neilyork par ordre de la Reyne, jay l'honneur de joindre icy copie de sa commission, comme aussy de la lettre que M7 de Ramezay m'escrit a son sujet ou U me marque tout ce que ce prisonnier luy a dit cette lettre ou plutost ce que ce prisonnier dit, 'doit faire connoistre que ce n'est pas sans sujet et inutillement qne j'ay fait fortiffier quebec, et le montreal, et que je me suis donné des mou-vemens pendant le cours de leté.il est comme Inconcevable que les ennemis ayent demeuré pendant quatre mois sans rien entreprendre sur nous, et qne pendant ce tems nous les ayons fatigués sy fort, que les deux tiers des grains du gouvernement de baston sont demeurés sur le champ, faulte de pouvoir, ou d'oser les serrer, c'est une chose de fait, et nous avons de nos partis qui ont esté Jusqu'à trois semaines autour des habitations anglolses, sans pouvoir faire un prisonnier, par ce qull ne sortolt personne.Les ennemis suivant le raport de ce prisonnier estant toujours dans les sen-timens de revenir lannée prochaine et conservant pour cela leurs batteaux et pirogues, je ne négligera?rien de mon costé de tout ce qui poura contribuer h la deffense de la Colonie, mais comme la poudre est une chose essentielle a la guerre.Je vous suplie Monseigneur de faire attention, que ne nous en estant point venu cette année, et estant toujours obligé d'en fournir aux sauvages, a qui mesme il n'est pas a propos de faire connoistre notre disette, nous en serons très cours le prlntems prochain; a moins que vous n'ayés la bonté de nous en faire envoyer, comme nous vous le demandons par notre lettre commune.' Jay desja eû l'honneur de vous escrire a ce sujet en 1707, Jay celuy de vous Représenter la nécessité qull y a de faire un fond en ce pays de poudre fine pour deux ans, afin que sy par quelque mnl'heur le vaisseau du Roy venolt a manquer, nous eussions toujours une resource pour lannée suivante, cest ce qui nous arriva en 1704, et nous arrive encorre cette année, ne nops restant pas dans les magasins de Sa Majesté 14.0001 de poudre fine, dont II fault tout au moins la moitié pour les traittes, alnsy Monseigneur, Je vous suplie très fort de vouloir bien donner vos Ordres pour que l'on nous en envoyé de bonne heure lannée prochaine, comme aussy des Armes.Je vous ay informé lannée dernière Monseigneur, de la mort du Sr de grand-ville capitaine, comme aussy celle du Sr de la jaymerois, ce premier a esté remplacé par le Sr de montlgny suivant l'ordre qull en avolt, 11 nous est mort cette année les Sra de l'orimier, et de manthet capitaines, cest avec bien du Chagrin que je vous marque celle de ce dernier, qui a esté tué en voulant enlever avec un party de quatre vingt dix hommes, le fort de KitchlchSanne a la baye d'hudson.l'envie que javois de faire réussir les ordres de Sa Majesté et les vôtres, m'avoit engagé a prendre interest dans cette entreprise, Mr Raudot fils mayant assuré qull y prenolt aussy un quart, cependant on ma dit depuis que cela n'estolt pas, pour moy Monseigneur, je ne regrette pas les 1,000 ecus qull m'en conte, je regrette seulement le pauvre Mr de menthet qui s'est fait tuer a la palissade luy ARCHIVES DB QUÉBEC 435 quatorzième, après avoir en vingt six antres de ses sens hors de combat.Sa veuve qui reste avec six tilles, et point de bien, espère que par raport aux services de son mary, vous aurés quelques bontés pour elle.Je vous ay marqué ce prlntems Monseigneur, la mort de M' le marquis de Crlsafix, gouverneur des trois Rivierres, et ensultte celle du 8r de linctot major dudlt lieu, nous avons plusieurs personnes qui aspire a ce gouvernent*.Mn de gallixa.it, de Langlolserle, et Dumesnll noré, sont ceux qui se flattent d'y avoir la meilleur part, comme ils ont tout trois beaucoup de merltte je no vous parleray pas en faveur plus de l'un que de lautre.je dois cependant cette justice a Mr de langlolserle, quil s'est donné de très grands mouvemens aux for-tifflcatlons de quebec, pendant tout l'été dernier, et qui! remplit parfaitement ses devoirs.La mesme justice que je rends a M' de Langlolserle au sujet des fortifflca-tlons, je la dois au 8' levasseur, qui par son apilcation au bien du service a trouvé le moyen, d'augmenter considérablement le travail quil convenolt faire cette année a la ville de quebec, pour la mettre en Etat de faire une longue resistance.On assure, et il est vray de dire, que l'expédient dont 11 sest servy en taxant les travailleurs a une certaine quantité d'ouvrage, eû égard a Felolgnement et a la difficulté du terrain, a produit une dilUgence extraordinaire.Sans eguillonner qui que ce soit, ce qui a fait faire le travail de trois ans en un.Ce mesme expedient en continuant la fortiffloa'on de la nouvelle enceinte, sy sa Majesté juge a propos de la faire faire, comme aussy les terrasses, en abrégera le travail de près de neuf a dix ans.Il y a encorre trois bastions et demy a construire de massonnerle, sans compter celuy de S* Louis n'on achevée, et six courtines a remplir, et quand aux terres une courtine de plus, cest a dire quatre bastions et demie, et sept courtines a terrasser.Suivant cela il est aisé de comprendre quil fault encorre beaucoup de tems pour parvenir a l'un et a l'antre, surtout a 1 égard des terres, qui est ce qui tiendra le plus, on est heureux de ce que le 8' levasseur par la taxe quil donne a chaque habitant, ait trouvé le moyen d'en diminuer les deux tiers.Oet officier m'a assuré quil poussera son selle dans la suitte jusqu'à faire l'ouvrage de quatre année en une, pourveû quil ne soit pas troubler de ma part le service du Roy m'est trop cher pour rien faire qui y soit contraire, je sulveray Monseigneur, avec exactitude les Ordres que vous me donnerés a son sujet, La majorité des trois rivierres estant vaccante par la mort du 8r de linctot.j'ay l'honneur de vous proposer pour la remplir le Sr de Oabanac un de nos capitaines estably dans ce gouvernement, et qui y a mesme une très belle seigneurie, il s'est trouvé commandant aux trois rivieres a la mort du ST de linctot, y estant en garnison ; jay lieu d'estre content de luy ayant exécuté et fait exécuter avec la dernière exactitude tous les Ordres que je luy ay envoyé, j'ose vous assurer que cest un bon sujet.Jay eû l'honneur lannée dernière de vous demander une compagnie pour le 8r de Rain ville lattentlon que cet officier a a remplir ses devoirs estant continuellement de tous les partis qui Be font, m'oblige a vous suplier de luy en accorder une, et comme selon les apparences il y en aura quatre ou cinq de vac-cantes, sy vous aves la bonté d'accorder la majorité des trois rivierres au 8' de 436 ARCHIVES DB QUEBEC Cabanac, J'ose vous proposer pour une seconde Compagnie le 8' de perlgny ancien lieutenant, et frère du 8r de menthet qui Tient d'estre tué au nord, cest un très bon officier.De mérite Monseigneur, et le bien du service estant les seuls motifs qui me font agir, Je prend la liberté de vous proposer poor la troisième compagnie qui na que le Sr Sennevllle fils du S' Lebert, quoy qull ne soit pas dans le service, il est generaUement aymé et estimé en ce pays de tout le monde, et son credit est sy grand parmy les Sauvages, et sur les habltans dn gouvernement de montreal, que voulant en faire descendre quatre cent hommes cet été a quebec, Je luy en avois donné le commandement très persuadé que Je ne pouvols le donner a personne qui s'en acquitta mieux que luy, ni qui pût plus facilement venir a bout de cette milice.M\" de bignon qui le connolssent et qui le protègent, pouront Monseigneur, vous assurer qull est parfaitement honneste homme, et qull a infiniment du mérite.Des Sn de beaubassin, martelly, de Vllledonné, Dubulsson, de puglbault, et autres, ou pour mieux dire tous ce qne nous avons yey de Llcutennns ayans un mérite presque égal; qui conque d'eux que vous juglés a propos d'avancer, cela 'me fera toujours un veritable plaisir.I Jay eû lhonneur lannée dernière de vous escrire en faveur du 8r de la fres-ntere qui commande au fort de frontenac, il est ancien lieutenant reformé, sy vous avez la bonté de faire' le Sr de Rouville son frère capitaine vous pour!es Monseigneur, luy donner sa lleutenance cela luy faciliterolt les moyens de pouvoir demeurer quelque tems an fort de frontenac on il sert très bien le Roy, et ou sa présence n'est pas mutile, car il entend presque touttes les langues sauvages, et ayant esté prisonnier autrefois chez les Iroquois, il scalt mieux quun autre comme il fault se gouverner avec eux.U la fait voir cette année, car malgré la mauvaise disposition de ces sauvages, 11 a toujours sceû ce qui se passoit, parmy eux de plus secret, et mesme dans le camp des ennemis, dont il ma donné quatre ou cinq fols des nouvelles.Le Sr de lanofle aussy bien que le Sr de la fresnlere estant un des plus anciens lieutenant reformé il mérite que Sa Majesté dans la promotion qui doit se faire, fasse attention a ses services passés, et aux blessures qull a receu autre-fols, il commando!t cette année le party du nord sous le Sr de manthet, on peut dire que cest a sa prudence que nous devons le reste de ce party.Le Sr de la perlere quoy qull ne soit qu'enseigne meritte par plusieurs belles actions d'estre fait lieutenant, il commandolt cette année conjointement avec le S' de Rouville le party que jay envoyé a guerrefll, nous avons eû l'honneur lannée dernlerre M™ Raudot et moy de vous éscrire a son sujet dans notre lettre commune.» - Le S' de mouzens qui a eû l'honneur de vous rendre mes paquets lannée dernière, est un très bon officier, comme il m'est allié, Je mestend moins sur ces services que sur ceux d'un autre J'ay cependant pris la liberté l'année dernière de vous demander une lleutenance pour luy.Le Sr de bolshebert enseigne est un très bon officier, et cest des officiers pareils dont on ne scaurolt trop avoir, il est allié do Mr le marquis d'alogny, je suis persuadé qull sollicitera auprès de vous son avancement.Le Sr chevalier de S' ours est homme de qualité et ancien enseigne. ARCHIVES DE QUÉBEC 437 Le Sr de Joncalre Monseigneur, se flatte que par raport a ses services et à la justice qne Je lay rend, tous aurés la bonté de songer a lay, 11 m'avoit demandé permission de passer en france poor des affaires de famille, mais comme il m'est nécessaire, et que les sauvages du Sault m'ont prié de ne le point l'ais-Ber passer, par raport aux Sonnontoiians.Je l'ai remis a l'année prochaine, lay promettant que Jaurols l'honneur de vous éscrire en sa faveur, et que Je vous demanderais son congé, il vous suplie de vouloir bien songer a son avancement, et a ses services.Sy vous aviez la bonté Monseigneur, d'avencer les enseignes en faveur de qui je prends la liberté de vous éscrire, parmy les enseignes reformés en ce pays, il y a les S™ Dupuis, chartler, lamorendiere, la d'escouverte, et la ohauvlgnerle qui méritent tous cinq qne vous ayés la bonté de songer ft eux, éstans de tous les partis qui se font, jay eû l'honneur de vous éscrire en faveur dn Sr de la chau-vlgnerie cette dernière année, et la précédente, il est actuellement chez les Sauvages Iroquois avec le Sr de longtteU, comme ils ne doivent pas tarder a arriver, jauray l'honneur de vous dire a la fin de ma lettre quelle a esté la réussite de ce voyage.B y ft le S' de per s ill on lieutenant, homme de qualité mais très imflrme qui voudrait bien se retirer en son pays, il vous serait bien obligé sy vous voullés bien Monseigneur luy obtenir de Sa Majesté une petite pension, il serait facile a Sa Majesté de le faire, sans quil luy en coutast rien, car 11 se contenterait d'une paye de Lieutenant reformé en forme de pension, et laisserait ley sa lleutenance cela avancerait on lieutenant reformé, et servirait de recompense au Sr de persillon.Je vous suplie très humblement de vouloir faire attention aux officiers que je prend la liberté de vous recommander, 11 est de la dernière consequence pour le bien du service que tous les officiers en ce pays reconnolssent que cest par mon canal que voua songé a leur avancement, je ne vous proposeray jamais que de bons sujets, mais aussy il me serait bien triste sy par dautres recommendations que les miennes les officiers estolent avancés, car enfin personne ne peut mieux vous rendre compte de leur mérite que moy qui les voit, et les employe tous les jours.Le Sr de la chassaigne Monseigneur, est un ancien Capitaine a qui vous eûtes la bonté il y a quelques années de promettre la lleutenance de roy de l'accn-dle, sy elle venolt a vaquer, il se trouve qa'asy a Ut teste de nos troupes, et vous prie de vouloir bien songer a ses services.Les différends mouvemens que Jay esté obligé de faire cette année, m'ayant fait connoistre combien U importe quelque fols d'avoir un homme pour commander plut'ost qu'on autre, quoy que tous deux d'un égal mérite, et cela par raport anx milices, estant bien aise d'ailleurs de pouvoir confier quelque fois un gros party a un lieutenant de Boy, ou major de place, ce que je ne puis faire sans un ordre de Sa Majesté, par ce que les Capitaines ne veulent pas leur obéir lors qui sont h'ors de leur gouvernement, je vous suplie Monseigneur, de vouloir bien m'en envoyer un par lequel U me soit permis de mettre a la teste des partis que jenvoiray en campagne qui je jugeray a propos, je ne vous demande cette grace qui par raport an bien du service, et pour obvier a certains lnconvenlans qui ne laisse pas que d'y éstre très préjudiciables. 438 ARCHIVES DE QUEBEC Le mort dn Sr de L'otbtniere, et celle dn 8r de Repentigny faisant deux places vaceantes dans le Conseil, personne n'est pins propre a remplir la charge de premier Conseiller qne le 8r de la martlnlerre ayant esté longtems dans le Conseil, comme U est gentilhomme 11 fera honneur an Corps.Le S' de Vlncelotte a touttes les qualités requises pour remplir la seconde place de Conseiller, il a l'honneur de tous presenter un placet Le Sr de Sabrerols Capitaine tous suplle de luy obtenir de Sa Majesté un congé pour passer en france, il y a vingt cinq ans quil est en ce pays sans avoir fait un tour a sa famille: cest un très bon officier.Le 8' de Seel lieutenant demande la mesme grace aussy bien que le Sr du tlsné enseigne.Le Sr de pugibault lieutenant et le Sr chevalier dussy enseigne, éstans tous deux très Incommodés, et ne pouvans recevoir de soulagera* en ce pays, Je leurs ay permis de passer par plaisance.Le Sr de bauveny enseigne que nous avons crû tué au party des S™ de Rouvilie, et de la periere lannée dernière, après avoir esté guery d'une blessure très dangereuse quil avoit, est présentement prisonnier a Orange et je travaille a faire en sorte de l'eechanger.Je joint ley trois placets que les Sn hertel pere et la fresnlere son fus seigneur de chambly, et la veuve 8* germain habitante de quebec, prennent la liberté de tous presenter, il me parolst de la justice que Sa Majesté ayt quelque bonté pour eux.Jay vCu Monsigneur par la lettre que tous m'avez fait l'honneur de m'es-crire les deffenses que tous me faites de recevoir des presens des Sauvages, il me parolst quil fault qu'on tous ayt mandé que Jen tirois un grand profit Je me conformeray sans peine aux Ordres que tous me donnés.Je tous suplle cependant de me permettre de tous expliquer ce que cest que ces sortes de presens, afin de tous faire eonnolstre que ceux qui tous ont éscrit sur cela n'ont eft en veile que de trouver l'occasion de me nuire en vous Imposant Depuis que jay l'honneur de commander en ce pays.Je ne reste d'ordinaire que trois mois ou trois mois et demie a montreal, les sauvages domiciliées ne donnent rien, les Iroquois n'ont jamais rien donné et quand ils parlent daffaires cest par Colliers, les sauvages du détroit ne viennent plus a montreal, et prennent tous la pluspart le chemin d'orange, aussy bien que les mississaguez.11 n'y a dont que quelque canots out ta vois; testes de boulles, et gens des terres qut y viennent la plus forte année ils n'ont jamais donné a eux tous plus de cent ou 160 ecus en Castor, et depuis un an ou deux cela ne va pas a la moitié, cest une chose de fait et qui se peut voir par la recette des fermiers, ainsy Monseigneur, je ne vous dis que la pure vérité, et ce quil y a de certain cest que pour le peu de castor que ces sauvages donnent quand ils arrivent je suis obligé de leur faire d'autres presens, qui quoy que ce ne soit qu'en pain, vin, et tabac ne laissent pas que d'egaUer ce qulls mont donné sy cela ne va pas a davantage, 11 est très seûr, que ceux qui vous ont informé que je faisols un profit considerable sur ces presens se trompent où n'ont cherché qu'a me faire de la -peine, car du tems mesme de M' de frontenac que touttes les nations descendoient le ,8r de mon-selgnat son secretaire ma assuré, que jamais son Maître n'a eû plus de deux cens ecus, quoy quil en soit Monseigneur, Jexecuteray vos ordres mais comme ARCHIVES db QUEBEC 439 cest one coutume etablye depuis que le Canada est Canada qne les Sauvages des nations d'en hault, et les gens des terres quand Us arrivent a montreal font des presens, et qulls font mesme quand Us passent les uns cbes les autres, prévenus que ces presens les empeschent de contracter la maladie du pays ou Ils passent ce seroit leur faire un affront de ne les pas recevoir, qui peut éstre mesme pou-roit avoir de mauvaise suitte, le sauvage estant fort supertltleui Je feray recevoir ces presens par le garde magasin du Roy, et feray donner par luy a ces sauvages, Jusqu'à nouvel Ordre, ce que Jay accoutumé de leur donner moy mesme.Le S* de la mothe a grand tort de se plaindre que je luy ay empesché de faire faire des alliances entre les françols, et les sauvages puis qull ne m'en a jamais parlé, U est bien vray que quand U monta an détroit en 1706, Je mis dans lordre que je luy donné, et dont jay eft l'honneur de vous envoyer copie, qull ne souffrirolt point de scandai entre les françols, et les sauvagesses, et que mesme U ne permettrait a aucun françols de se marier avec elles, sans sçavolr auparavant l'Intention de Sa Majesté, et la votre, le Sr de la mothe a crû ces mariages Inutiles a son éstnblissement, puis que depuis ce tems, U ne vous en a êscrlt que lannée dernière, et ne men a parlé dans aucune lettre, j'ay l'honneur de vous marquer dans notre lettre commune, les raisons que jay eft en ce tems de luy faire cette deffence.alnsy Monseigneur, Je ne vous'en feray pas une repetition.Jay eu l'honneur de vous éscrire il y a deux ans touchant la nécessité qull y a de faire de chambly un poste de consideration en ce pays, estant le, seul endroit par ou les ennemis peuvent passer dabord qulls voudront venir un corps un peu considerable par le lac champlaln et qulls voudront s'estendre et faire descendre leurs voitures, ce que nous avons l'honneur de vous escrlre cette année sur ce sujet, doit vous faire connoistre, que je vous ay accusé juste, U en est de mesme Monseigneur, de tout ce que j'ay l'honneur de vous éscrire, comme Je n'ay en veûe que le bien du service.Je ne m'attache Jamais qu'a la vérité.Q'es onnontagués m'ayant fait assurer par différends envoyés cet été, qulls n'a voient aucunement trempé dans le depart du pere de marettU, et que mesme U estolt en quelque façon party malgré eux, la peur l'ayant saisie, jay envoyé cet automne comme Jay eu l'honneur de vous le marquer cy devant dans ma lettre, le S' de longeuîl a cette nation avec le Sr de la chauvlgnerle pour luy servir d'interprette, ces sauvages m'ayant demandé le Sr de longeilii avec empressement Le Sr de longileil Monseigneur, en arrivant a esté receû des Onnontagués, des onnoyouttes, et des goyougodlns, avec des témoignages de Joye et de reconnaissance les plus grands dn monde, chacun s'efforcant de luy faire caresse.Us l'ont assuré en partant qulls ne prendraient Jamais la hache contre nous, quelque- promesse ou menace que les anglois leur pussent faire, et sont venus mesmes quelques uns a montreal pour me le direct sur ce que le Sr de longueïi leurs a demandé don vient qulls avolent esté a orange cet été Us luy ont répondu, qulls ne pouvolent éstans amis des anglois aussy bien que de nous, se dispenser d'y aller, n'estant pas naturel qulls refusassent les presens que ces premiers voulolent leur faire, et qulls leurs ont fait, mais qu'une marque qulls n'ont point pris party, n'y receû la hache contre nous cest que les sauvages de la montagne ayant fait coup sur les habltans de corlac, et ayant laissé un casse teste suivant la coutume, les anglois leurs ont voulu donner ce casse teste pour le reporter sur 440 ARCHIVES DB QUÉBEC nos terres; ce que aucun d'eux n'ayant voulu faire, les anglois leurs en ont témoigné leurs peine, et mesme les en ont punis par le retranchement de plusieurs presens qulls avolent encorre a leur faire; ce quil y a de certain, cest que les Sonnontouans n'ayant pas brAnlé, le voyage' que j'ay fait a chambly a fait craindre aux onnontagués, et aux autres, de devenir les victimes de cette guerre, aprehendant que je ne fus chez eux, et que je ne d'estacha en mesme tems les out ta vol s pour leurs faire la guerre, ce qulls n'ont pu s'empescher de dire au 8r de longueil.je dois Monseigneur, au Sr de longueil une Justice entière, cest nn très bon Officier, très digne et très capable de tous les employs que Sa Majesté voudra bien luy donner.11 est aymé et chery de tout le monde en ce pays.Le Sr levasseur estant très Incommodé depuis quelques années, les grands mouvemens quil a esté obligé de se donner celle cy ayant renouvelle une maladie qui l'obligea de passer en franco il y a deux ans, jay cru sur le report du frère boussac qui sert icy de médecin, ne pouvoir luy refuser la mesme grace, d'autant plus qu'ayant mis les fortiffications de Quebec dans un état a pouvoir en quelque façon attendre l'ennemy, nous avons ley le Sr de beaucourt qui en son absence suivra parfaitement bien les mesmes veiics.jay chargé le ST levasseur de notre lettre commune, et de ma particulière, comme il est au fait de tout ce qui s'est passé en ce pays, il vous rendra Monseigneur, un compte fldel, de touttes choses, il peut mieux qu'un autre vous dire les dépenses que l'on a fait, et les raisons que l'on a eû pour les faire, il peut aussy vous certifier que suivant touttes les nouvelles, 11 en doit coûter aux anglois des sommes immenses ce qui jouit a une très grande maladie qui est présentement chez eux, et qui ne leurs est venu que par le long séjour quils ont fait dans leurs forts, ne l'aissera pas que de leur causer beaucoup de perte et poura bien mesme leurs Aster la pensée de revenir Jamais en ce pays, je n'en seray pas moins Alerte sur les mouvemens quils pourront faire, et Je vous suplle Monseigneur d'estre bleu persuadé de mon entière exactitude a bien remplir mes devoirs, comme aussy du proffond Respect avec lequel jay l'honneur d'estre.Monseigneur, Votre très humble, très Obéissant serviteur, VAunaxtm.A Quebec ce 14* novembre 1709 (1).(1) Copie aux Archives de la Province de Québec. .ARCHIVES DB QUÉBEC 441 Monseigneur, J'ay eu l'honneur de tous rendre compte l'année dernière dans notre lettre commune, & dans ma particulière des desseins que les ennemis n voient formé sur cette Colonie, comme aussy des mouvemens que j'avols fait pour les empescher de rien entreprendre sur nous.Dans ma lettre particulière.Monseigneur, Je tous ay marqué les raisons qui m'avoient obligé d'aller à Ohambly avec un corps de 16 a 17 cens hommes, ft d'y demeurer Jusque au 15* Octobre.Dans cette mesme lettre, Monseigneur, J'ay eu l'honneur de tous marquer qu'avant de partir de Ohambly, J'avols envoyé dans le Lac Cham plain deux dé-tachemens de 50 hommes chacun commandés par le Sr de Montlgny & de l'es-chai 11 on s capitaines, J'ay l'honneur de vous dire, uujourd'huy que tous ces mouvemens ont eu la réussite que Jen devois espérer, puisque les ennemis me scha-cliant a Ohambly, non seulement ont précipité leur retraite croyant que J'allois chez eux, avec toutes les forces de la Colonie; mais encore.Ils ont bruslés en se retirant les forts qu'Us avaient faits le long de la rivière d'Orange, leurs batten ux, leurs pirogues & une quantité considérable de vivres.Ces nouvelles nous avolent en quelquefaçpn esté aportés dès l'automne par le Br de Montlgny, qui luy huitième, avoit esté Jusque à l'endroit où estolent les batteaux, les compter & mesurer la nuit et avoit veu les ennemis se retirer par détachemens mais comme U n'a volt que'sept hommes avec luy, U n'a volt pu trouver Ueu de faire aucun prisonnier.Des Sauvages ensuite nous assurèrent que les ennemis avolent bruslé leurs forts, ft leurs batteaux, ce qui nous a esté confirmé cet hyvert par les Ononta-gués qui m'ont envoyé des députés pour me demander mon amitié, m'assurer qu'Us n'avoient point eu de mauvais desseins contre nous, ft me prier de ne point faire de mal à Pitre, c'est-à-dire au Gouvernement d'Orange, protestant que Pitre & les Flamands avolent esté forcés par les Anglais a prendre les armes contre nous.Comme ces Sauvages m'ont prié.Monseigneur, de vouloir bien leur permettre de délier les liens des neveux de Pitre : c'est-à-dire des prisonniers Flamands que j'avols entre les mains, Je me suis servy de cette occasion pour scavoir véritablement ce qui se passe dans le Gouvernement d'Orange & prenant prétexte de faire un échange avec Pitre SchuUe de son neveu pour le Père de MarcuU, Jésuitte, Missionnaire d'Onontagué et de trois autres flamands pour trois autres François, comme aussy d'un officier que j'ay icy du Gouvernement de Baston, contre le Sr de Vercheres enseigne des troupes, J'ay envoyé à Orange les S™ de la Pérlere & Dupuis & six autres français avec autant de barques avec eux et un sauvage avec ordre de passer sur les lieux ou estolt le grand fort ft les bat- M.DB VAUDREULL AU MINISTRE (1er mai 1710) 442 ARCHIVES DB QUÉBEC .teaux, pour scavoir st véritablement le tout avolent été, comme on noua avait assuré, Se afin d'en avoir plutost des nouvelles, J'ay ordonné à ces Messrs.de me renvoyer de la deux des six François que Je leur ay donné.Ce qu'ils ont fait, me marquant dans leur lettre que non seulement tout est bruslé, mais que l'on trouve encore dans les endroits où étalent les magasins, des restes de lard que le feu n'a pu consommer.J'ay seen aussy par nos Sauvages qui ont esté à Orange avec ces Messrs.qui en sont revenus que la terreur a esté si grande parmy les ennemis, sur mon campement à Ohambly que les Anniers avolent sorty de leurs villages et s'estoient retirés A Corlar, & que tous l'byver les uns et les autres avolent esté sur le qui vive.\"\"*V Par la première lettre des Sn de la Périère et Dupuls qu'ils m'ont escrlt d'environ 25 lieues d'Orange, Ils me marquent qu'ils ont sceû par deux Anglais qu'ils ont trouvé au petit Sault, que Pitre Schuyler estolt passé en Europe pour se Justifier & la Cour d'Angleterre de ce que le Sr de Nldeson commandant de l'armée d'en hault contre nous, l'accusolt d'avoir profiter de son absence pour faire brasier ces forts, et ces magasins par le raport même de nos sauvages qui ont esté à Orange et qui en sont revenus.H me parolst que le voyage de Pitre SchuUe en Angleterre, causé quelques altercations entre les Anglois et les Flamands; cependant.Monseigneur, Je ne m'en tiendray pas moins sur mes gardes et quoyqull y ait actuellement des Anniers A Montréal, qui sont venus pour me dire la même chose que les Onnontagués m'ont dit, et mesme quelque chose de plus à ce que l'on me marque.Je non seray pas moins sur la défiance à l'égard du Flamand et mesme des Iroquois.Je mesnageray, cependant, ces derniers le plus qu'il me sera possible, et comme je scay que le véritable moyen de les obliger à garder la neutralité c'est de leur faire craindre la guerre avec les nations d'en hault Je les tiens toujours dans cette pensée, leurs Insinuant et leurs faisant Insinuer que nos Sauvages n'attendent que mes ordres pour se déclarer.C'est dans cette veue, Monseigneur; .que nous avons Jugés à propos M.Baudot fus et moy d'envoyer un canot à MlchUlmaklna, avec un officier, et 4 francols afin d'apaiser quelques différends qui sont survenus entre les Sakis, Folles avoines, Sauteurs et autres nations Outaoualses ; dont les suites pourraient produire une guerre contre ces nations et faire eonnolstre à l'Iroquols qu'il n'a rien à craindre de ce costé, c'est aussy pour les engager à demeurer toujours paisibles Se liés d'intérest ensemble que nous avons fait cet envoy.Je monte à Montréal, Monseigneur, tant pour faire réponse aux députés des Anniers qui y sont que pour estre plus à portée de scavoir ce qui se passe dans le gouvernement d'Orange et chez les Iroquois, soit par le retour des 8n de la Périère et Dupuls ou par les lettres qu'ils pourront trouver lieu de m'escrlre par des Sauvages qui m'ont promis de s'en charger.Sy tost que je seray à.Montréal, Monseigneur, Je feray partir conjointement avec M.Baudot, fils, qui en fait les avances pour le compte de Sa Majesté, en attendant que vous ayez la bonté d'en ordonner, un convoy pour le Fort Pont-chartraln du Détroit, afin d'y mener des canots pour en ramener la garnison et comme je n'ay pu trouver lieu cet automne de donner avis au Sr de ht Motte de vos intentions et des ordres de Sa Majesté A cause de la saison avancée, Je luy escrlt dès le petit prlntems par des canots qui sont partis pour son poste et Je ARCHIVES DB QUÉBEC 443 lay marque, par la mesme occasion, l'affaire des Sakls et Saul tears afin que de son costé 11 y donne ordre.IP de Subercasse nous ayana escrlt cet hyver à M™ les Intendants et à moy pour nous demander on secours de vivres, comme aussy quelques officiers ft mesme des soldats, nous luy envoyons, Monseigneur, -1100 quarts de farine et je lay envoyé quatre officiers, sur ce qu'il me marque qu'une partie des siens sont passées en France.A regard des soldats je ne puis luy en envoyer II ne me parolgt pas mesme qu'il en ait grand besoin, puisque dans le tems qull me prie de lay en envoyer, 11 crie et se plains de ce que nous n'envoyons pas chercher notre recrue, qu'U dit luy estre inutile et ft charge.Nous profiterons du retour du basti-ment qui luy porte des farines pour la ramener en ce pays.Nos semences ne font qne commencer, nous nous flattons qu'elles seront belles.Je le souhaite afin que nous puissions comme nous avons fait l'année dernière, ayder de nos grams les autres colonies Francoises des Des et de Plaisance, je scay.Monseigneur, que c'est l'Intention de Sa Majesté & la votre.J'y porte lea peoples autant qu'il m'est possible.Le S* Dulad capitaine est mort cet hyver, c'estolt un très honnête homme.Je prend la liberté de vous recommander ma famille & suis avec un profond respect.Monseigneur, Votre très humble ft très obéissant serviteur, VAUOBXtnL A Québec ce 1\" May, 1710 (1).(à suivre) (1) Copie aux Archives de la Province de Québec TABLE DES MATIÈRES Lettre de l'honorable M.Hector Perrier à sir Eugène Fiset.V Lettre de l'Archiviste de la Province à l'honorable M.Hector Perrier .Vil Dons aux Archives de la Province en l'année 1042-43.XI Inventaire de la Correspondance de Mgr J.-J.Lartigue (1827-32) 1 Jacob Mountain First Lord Bishop of Quebec.A Summary of His Correspondence and Of Papers Related Thereto For the Years 1793 to 1799.175 Répertoire des Engagements pour l'Ouest conservés dans les Archives Judiciaires de Montréal (1788-1797).261 Correspondance entre M.de Vaudreuil et la Cour (suite).399 INDEX A Abbey.Mr., 182, 188.Abénaquis, Les, 898, 415, 426, 428, 482.Abrabam, L'ecclésiastique, 9.Acadlens, Les, 110., Achard.Joseph, 358.Achin, Pierre, 288, 878.Achmus (Asmus), John Michael, 267, 269.Adam, Jean-Baptiste, 266.Addison, Rev.R., 189,197, 205, 206, 210, 218, 219, 228, 224, 280, 281, 286, 238, 280, 240, 242, 247, 252, 258, 255, 257, 258.Adelom, Jean, 337 Africain, L', 404, 412.Agnlers (Anlers), Les sauvages, 415, 488, 442.Algremont, M.d', 400, 410, 411, 419, 424.AUleboust de Menthet, M.d', 400, 401, 428, 434, 486.AUleboust de Périgny, Paul, 486.Almond, Joseph, 884.Alnsse, François, 818.Albert, Joseph, 844.Alexandre, François, 276.Aloigny de la Groix, Le marquis d', 436.Alinotte, L'abbé Bonaventure, 58, 60, 61, 68, 60, 78, 80.87, 04, 118, 168, 171.Allaln, François, 325.Allain, Mlchel-Lévy, 810.Allain (Alin), Pierre, 260, 812.Allaire, Joseph, 265.Allaire, Pierre, 265.AUard, Ambroise, 328.AUard, Anacbé, 865.AUard, Etienne, 865.AUard, François, 861.AUard, François-André, 386.AUard, Gabriel, 285, 301.AUard, Jean-Baptiste, 321.AUard, Joseph, 261, 283, 821, 335.AUard.Louis, 335.AUst roffe, Frank, SOL 318.Amazone, L', 414.Amelot, Joseph, 327.Amelot, Louis, 815, 331.Amiot, L'abbé Michel-Auguste, 173.Amlot, L'abbé Noël-Laurent, 116, 120, 121.136, 158.Amyot, Jean-Baptiste, 285.Amyot de Vlncelotte, Le sieur, 488.Anaquinbaté, Jacques, 303.Andrevos, Nicolas, 330.Andrews, Peter, 830.Anglais, Les, 414, 415, 421, 423, 424, 425, \u2022 428, 441, 442.Anlsson (?), Le sieur, 418.Aquin, Jacques, 385.Arcan, Joseph, 286, 300.Archambault, Antoine, 295.Archambault, L'abbé Christophe, 12.Archambault, L'abbé J.-M.-Ignace, 11, 57, 69.82, 83, 100.Archambault, L'abbé Joseph-Olivier, 57, 82, 117, 153, 160, 174.Archambault, Louis, 283, 284.Archambault, Nicolas, 288, 297.Archambault, Le notaire, 114.Archambault, L'abbé Paul-Loup, 5, 47, 70, 72, 73, 81, 01, 132, 186.Arcouet, François, 880.Arel, Hlppolyte, 275.Arel, Joseph, 366.Arel, Pierre, 288.Armand, Jean-Baptiste, 300.Aroûsem, Le sauvage, 432, 438.Arpln, Marie-Ours, 805.Arpin, Bene.387.Arraud, L'abbé Jacques, 23, 84, 52.Arsenault, L'abbé Oabriel-Léandre, 22, 31, 60, 146, 154.Askln, John, 295. 448 ARCHIVES DB QUÉBEC Asselin, François, 289.Asselin dit Bellefleur, Jean-Romain, 362.Atkinson & Richard Pattinson, 341.Atogainondé, Jacques, 802.Auban, Joseph, 384.Aubert, Le sieur, 411, 412, 418, 42L Aubert de la Cbesnaye, Charles, 409, 419.Aubert in, L'abbé Henri, 81, 67, 96.Aubin, François, 314.Aubin.Joseph, 283.Aubin, Pierre, 861.Aubin dit Paradis, François, 317, 382.Aubin dit Paradis, Joseph, SSL Aubin dit Paradis, Pierre.382.Aubin dit Paradis, Toussaint, 331.Aubrv.L'abbé Clément 66, 74,104,125, 160.Aubrv, L'abbé Laurent 8,16,18, 61, 84, 96.109, 110, 111, 114.118, 121, 186, 140, 160, 161, 172.Aubry, L'abbé Luc, 11, 28.Auclaire, François, 332.Auger, Antoine, 853.Auger, Louis, 857.Auger, Sévérln, 327.Aumay, Jean-Baptiste, 376.Aussem, André, 265, 298, 299, 888.Aussem, Georges, 815, 325. Dumont, Toussaint, 316.Dumouchel, Louis, 378, 896.Dumoulin, Archange, 278.Dumoulin, François, 269.Dumoulin & Cie, François, 328.Dumoulin, L'abbé J.-S.Nicolas, 3.Du Moulin (Desmoulins), Le sieur, 412, 413, 421.Dundas (Vicomte Melville), L'hon.Henry, 182, 185-205 ; 213, 216, 210, 226.Dunn, L'abbé J., 12.Dunn, Mr., 247, 258.Du Paul, François, 891.Duperron Baby, Jacques, 268, 269, 277.Duperron, Joseph, 186.Duplein, Louis, 813, 318.Duplessis, George Regnard, 413, 422.Duplessis, Le notaire, 69.Duplessis, Pierre, 351.Du Ponceau, Le sieur, 411.Dupontleau dit Duval, Augustin, 366.Duprat, Jacques, 365. 458 ARCHIVES DE QUÉBEC Duprat, Michel, 868.Dupré, Etienne, 864.Dupré, Francois, 279, 843.Dupré, Jean-Baptiste, 800.Dupré, Joseph, 261.Dupré, Louis, 804, 836, 376.Dupuls, Isidore, 267.Dupuls, Jean-Baptiste, 817.Dupuls, L'abbé Jean-Bte, 57, 82, 106, 160, 174.Dupuls, Jean-Marie, 816.Dupuls, Julien, 393.Dupuls, Michel, 818, 390.Dupuls, Pierre, 320.Dupuy, Alexis, 270.Dupuy, Le sieur, 409, 437, 441, 442.Duquet, Jérémie, 272, 892.Duquet (Duquette), Joseph, 885.Duquet, M., 141.Duquet, Pierre, 296.Durand, Pierre, 339, 867.Durand dit La violette, Antoine, 277.Duranseau, L'abbé Antoine, 8, 32, 108.Durantaye, Jean-Baptiste, 279.Durocher, L'abbé Alexis-Basile, 6.Durocher, L'abbé Eusèbe, 62,174.Durocher, L'abbé Flavien, 15, 144, 145.Durocher, Jacques, 821.Durocher, Joseph, 304.Durocher, Pierre, 814, 858.Durocher, L'abbé Théophile, 11, 16, 20, 28, 34, 35, 48, 49, 66, 107, 108, 120, 187.Durlvage, Antoine, 806.Dussy, Le sieur, 488.\"Dutch Calviniste\", 187.Du Tlsné, Le sieur, 438.Dutremble, Jean-Baptiste, 261, 271, 294.Dutrempe, Jean-Baptiste, 383.Duval, François, 855.Duval, Louis, 349.Duval, L'avocat, 126.Duval-Dupondeau, François, 854.Duvernay, Ludger, 182.B Eblnger, Christophe, 310.Edit de Nantes, L', 193.Edouard, Le Prince, 198, 200, 222, 233, 246.Edouard, duc d'York \u2014 Voir Kent.\"Elizabeth Act\", 177, 181.Blmsley, L'hon.John, 224, 226, 230,240.Embury, Jean, 264.Emery, Jean-Baptiste, 308.Emery, Louis, 324.Bno, Jean-Baptiste, 807.Enouilie dit Lanoix, Jacques, 78.\"Episcopal Church\", 186, 199, 212, 213.Bthler, François, 299, 309, 318, 896.Ethler, Henry, 888.Etaler, Pierre, 271, 280, 288, 864.Ethier.Pierre-Michel 814.Bthler dit Paul, François, 270.F Fàbre dit Montferrand, Louis, 274.' Fabre dit Mont f errand, Joseph, 814.Fngnant, François, 874.Faille, Jean-Baptiste, 286.Paillon, Louis, 800.Falcon, François, 821.Fanlant, François, 269.Farina ux, Gulslaln, 851.Farineux (Farlneau), Guillaume, 368.Faubert, François, 268.Faubert, Joseph, 887.Faucher, Jean-Baptiste, 298.Fauteux, Jean-Baptiste, 872.Fa vies, David, 866.Favre \u2014 Voir Fabre.Fay (Sulpiclen), L'abbé Claude, 64, 65, 66, 154.Félix, François, 272.Félix, Emmanuel, 278.Félix, Jean-Baptiste, 290.Félix, Joseph, 878.Félix, L'abbé M.Jos.Lamedéque \u2014, 107, 108.\u2022 Félix, Pierre, 298.Fenwick (évêque de Boston), M*» Benoît,, 11, 38, 34, 54, 80, 151, 162, 164,166.Ferrlère, Joseph, 201.i Fesse, Charles, 842.Flcheau, Jean-Louis, 884.Ficlau dit La ramée, Paul, 264.FUlatreau dit St-Louis, Michel, 327.Filles repenties (Montréal), Les, 178, 174.Flnlay, James, 828.Flnlay, L'hon.156, 198, 247.Flset, L'abbé Antoine, 32, 56, 67, 104.Fisher, Duncan, 4.Flaget (évêque de Bardstown), M*»\", 165.Flamand (Flamman), Jacques, 364.Flamands, Les, 414, 415, 428, 441, 442.Fleury.Amable, 290.Fleury, Louis, 264, 881.Fluet, L'abbé Louis-Joseph, 101, 126.Folleo Avoines, Les sauvages, 442. ARCHIVES Fontaine, Francois, 810, 898.Fontaine, Jean, 172.Fontaine, Joseph, 299.Forcier, Augustin, 276, 277, 879.Forcler, François, 262, 809.Forcier, Jacques, 269.Forcler, Jean-Baptiste, 372.Forcier, Joseph, 291, 323, 369, 872.Forcler, Michel-Jacques, 802.Foret, Joseph, 291, 330.Foretier, Christophe, 389.Forte, Sylvestre, 848.-