The Montreal witness, 16 avril 1859, samedi 16 avril 1859

[" D ea de ta a orl ES a A ae COMMERCIAL REVIEW AND FAMILY NEWSPAPER.VOL.XIV.MONTREAL, SATURDAY, APRIL 16, 1859.No.31.Canadian Press.THE SEIGNIORIAL TENURE ABOLITION SCHEME.(From the Montreal Gazette, Ministerialist.) Finding it difficult to understand precisely Mr.Oartier's resolutions to provide means to puy off the seigniors, we have waited for enlightenment §ill a report of the debute upon them should reach ws.Alas, however! we are little better off.Our correspondent informs us that none but à Lower Qanada lawyer could have comprehended or intelligently reported the debate; and after a perusal of the several versions of the speeches, we arrive at the conclusion that the explanations offered are no explanations, or that most decidedly no Lower Canadian learned in the law had sught to do with reporting the speeches of the Premier and Lower Canada leader of Opposition.But the partiality\u2014the iniquity of the scheme\u2014 it still seen in this.Nothing could more abundantly prove that the grant flows not from any general principle of justice, but from a desire to curry favor with the mob, than the treat:nent of the people in the City and Parish of Montreal.The great hardship of the chief of the casual rights-\u2014the lods et ventes\u2014consists in this: that the mutation is calculated upon the amount for which the property is taxed as well as the original value of the soil.Any one can see at a glance how this operates to repress the erection of costly buildings aud other improve ments.The twelfth of all the holder spends, he spends not for his own benefit, but for that of the seignior.And it will be readily scen that in towns wero expensive buildings are being put up, which often (if not generally indeed) exceed very mach in value the cost of the land itself, this fine is felt as a most grievous burthen.If any place deserved relief, therefore, one would suppose it would be the people of a great town like this.Yetitis to the people of this city alone, eut of all the Province, that no relief at all is given, either by paying off these casual rights or giving then a share in the sums to be paid into the Munincipal Funds! Mr.Dorion asked for some explanation of this, but got none, so far as the reports of the Toronto papers shew.But he did not ask for any explanation about, or raise any objection to the re-granting to the seminary of St.Sulpice claims which it gave up long ago.\u2014 The spirit which these two portions of the scheme has roused among the British inhabitante of this oity is best illustrated by a letter which we publish elsewhere to-day, though we do not quitecon- eur in all the writer says.Nor will it be confined to them\u2014for men beyond the city, in the eastern townships, will ask from their representatives ¢ the reason why\" they voted for such propositions.Nor need it surprise any one if, after such a lowing of the herd to the commands of the great ecolesiastical seiguiors, British electors throughout Lower Canada look upon Upper Canada Grits a3 more natural allies than in past years they have deemed them.THE CANADA GAZETTE.(From the Kingston News, Ministerial.) We notice in the discussion on the item in the estimates for printing, that Mr.Brown and Mr.Hogan advocated the suppression of the Canada Gazette, and the giving out of the public printing bo tender.We shall not discuss the propriety of either proposition, but we would draw the attention of the public, and the legislature particularly, to the injurious practice of compelling the ublication of ** Sheriffs\u2019 sales\u201d of tho property of ofendents in tho Guzeite for six weeks, and often for six months, as woll as in the local journals whore the properties aro situate, the effect of which is to mare deeply involre the estates of unfortunate dofendente, without a shadow of reason exoopt to fill the pockots of officials, espucinlly the Quoon'sprintor.Wo should liko to know what is the actual vireulation of tho Guzette ?Will soms of the gentlemen in the House call for n return of the subscription list?We venture to say the weekly edition doos not exceed two hundred copies, (grolusive of the eight hundred eopios paid for by the Governmont, an:l supplied to officials) distributed over tho whole United Provinces.\u201d As a medium for advertisementa it is a miserable failure, for the narrow limit of its oiroulation alons is a proof of this: then, who are ita patrons ?à fow Laryers, n few magistrates and Governm ut and vaunty officials, who And it son- duvive to thoie intorest to bo familiar with its oontonts, partiolarly Orown Lande\u2019 sales, sales for Taxes, aud males by tho Shorif under executions, \"Fhoso iteas poxsezs poculiar attractions, ns they tageously from the certainty of having few com- titors.The ostensible \u2018object of advertising ands under execution for sale is to promulgate the particulars as widely 2s possible 80 as to induce as large à number as possible, to attend the sale, and by their competition realize the largest possi- bie sum in liquidation of the debt or debts for which the property was seized.Now, asthe Ga cette, a8 we before said, is only seen by a few isolated individuals, this object is not by any means promoted.So that the large sums frequently accumulated by repeated postponementa of sales, the original advertisements continuing to occupy their places in the Gazette, proves as great a curse to the defendeuts asa long bill of costs.Quite sufficient for them to pay the charges made for publishing their estates\u201d in the local journals, which really effect some good both for the plaintiff and defendunt, A reform in this matter is very much required, and we trust the House will effect the change euggested by the tenor of the above remarks.DOCUMENTS LAID BEFORE PARLIAMENT, WITH THE REPORT OF THE PROHIBITORY LAW CUMMITTEE.Mg.RowLaxp Burr's STATEMENT.\u2014I believe the morals of the public are greatly injured by the use of intoxicating liquors.My experience as a Justice of the Peace and Jail Commis sioner for nearly 20 years shows that 9 out of 10 of the male prisoners, and 19 out of 20 of the female prisoners have been brought there by intoxicating liquor.Ihave visited the Jails from Quebec to Sundwich, through the length and breadth of Canada, and I have personally examined nearly 2,000 prisoners in the Jails; and they nearly all signed a petition for a Maine Liquor Law, many of them stating that it was their only hope of being saved from utter ruin.In four years there were 25,000 prisoners in the Jails, und it appeared from the records that 22,000 of that number had been brought there by intoxicating drinks; and I believe from the 2,000 whom I examined that 24,000 out of the 25,000 would never have been there had it not been for tho liquor trade and the license law.I have the record before me, kept by myself of the liquor dealers of Yonge Street for 54 years past\u2014100 in number\u2014and I will give an abstract from the record : \u2014 Number of ruined drunkards in the 100 families 214 Loss of property once owned in real estate.£58,700 Number of widows left.46 Number of orphans left Sudden deaths.44 8iicides publicly known.13 Number of premature deaths by di ness 203 Murders : 4 Executions 3 Number of years of human tife lost by drunk- ENDEBE.L.22200050 a sue san es 000 ces 005 1,915 Thavo been acquainted with theso 100 families, and I have kept written records of them for the purpose of printing them, leaving out the names.he porers isa prohibitory liquor law.In the opinion am supported by the report of the committee of 39 of the most illustrious members of the British House of Commons, recommending such a law, after sitting in convention during three months, and taking evidence from judges, sheriffs, mayors, gaolers, magistrates, and naval and military officers, from all parts of England.I am also supported by the testimony of thousands of persons wishing to refrain; but when the liquor is within their reach, the sight, taste, or smell of it overcomes nll good desires and they are ruined.T believe the people of Canada are prepared to sustain a prohibitory liquor law.The total amount of duty on intoxicating liquors in 1857 was £24,362 43 5d.The annual average amount of gallons is 3,000,000.This is more than doubled by drugs and water, and costs tho consumer at least half-a-dollar per gallon\u2014equal to $3,000,000.\u2018I'he imported spirits and wine amount to £1,000,000, and will cost the consumer double the foreign cost.It may be anfely said that liquor costs Canada five millions per annum, or fifty millions during the last ten yoars.The average income to the Government on the duties and licenses on wines and intoxicating liquors is $500,000.The Goverument therefore derives in ten years fivo millions.It coats the people 60,000, 000\u2014leaving n loss of $45,000,000 in ten yoars to the whole Province.The number of bushols of grain, chiefly wheat, annually used in the distillorics is 1,000,000.The amount of barley used in brewing for the last ton yoars amountsto 10,000,000 bushels, and costa the country $10,- 000,000, amounting to flfty-tivo millions loas in ten yours.Then the cost of criminal justice is sosblé men with roady weans to speculate advan.anaually $100,000, of which one half can bo fairly remedy, and the only remedy in human |}, set down to liquor, which amounts in ten years to $500,000\u2014making a fair average loss of $55,- 500,000 in ten years, deducting the revenue derived from the business.According to the table which I have kept of 100 liquor dealers for 50 years, the loss of human labour by drunkenness in ten years would amount to 30,000 years, which labour at $200 per avnum would amount to $6,000,000, which should be added.There are many other ways in which the Province has suffered great loss in dollars and cents, which, not having the statistics, I cannot compute.Mn.GOODERHAM's STATEMENT.\u2014Qur firm has been engaged in the distilling business upwards of twenty-five years, and we have invested init between $80,000 and $100,000.We distill about 100,000 bushels of grain annually, and annually make about half a million of gallons at 35 per cent wader proof.The wholesale price, just now, of whisky is 27 cents per gallon.Our trade extends east to Belleville, north to Colling- wood, and west to London.This extent of country consumes all we now make.If a law were passed prohibiting the manufacture of distilled liquors for use as a beverage, confining the sale to foreign purchase and for domestic usein the arts, it would nearly destroy our home trade, and oblige us to have recourse to exportation, which is at all times critical, and could be prosecuted to advantage only at particular times and during the season of navigation.STATISTICS FROM THE Customs\u2019 DEPARTMENT.\u2014Proof spirits distilled in 1858 in Upper Canada 2,543,701 gallons.Number of stills, 110.Number of gallons of malt liquors brewed in Upper Canada from the 5th of August to the 31st wber, 1858, 850,375.Number of licenses issued during the same period, 101.General statement of the imports during 1857, of brandy and other liquors: \u2014Brandy, 25,591 gal ; £13,132 16s 8d value.Cordials 3,238} gallons; £1,297 18s 7d value.Gin, 99,976 gal; £14, 216 10s 8d value.Rum, 21,723 gal ; £3,660 0s 6d value.Whisky, 313,551 gal; £34,672 18s 9d value.Wine in wood, 210,274 gal ; £46,271 16s value.Wine, in pint and quart bottles 3,- 462 gal; £92,314 4s value.Cider, 9,656 gal; £279 14s 1d value.Ale and beer, 366.361 gal ; £35,618 14s 11d value.CANADIAN NEWS.THE DirFERENCE BETWELY 0XE cra oF DEsToRs AND AXOTHER Class or Deprors.\u2014The censilaire in a Canadian Seigniory holding his laud for a yearly rent of two sous per arpent, and & payment of a twelfth of the value if he selle, is just now to have his entire obligation reduced to the two sous per arpent at the public expense.At the very same time the Government is issuing proclamations calling upon settlers in Upper Canada, who have bought their lands at the full market value to pay up the instalments by the Ist of September +, real Herald.Proutsitory Law.\u2014~1f petitions from Lower Ca.nads have not been so numerous as from Upper Canada, public feeling in favor of the measure may e as strong in the former as the latter; but if no opportunity be given for the expression of that feeling, how will it make itself known?What folly to speak of Union when every measure, for good or evil, which emanates from our Legisiatare is tainted with sectional feeling and sectional distinctions.\u2014 Quebec Gazetle.\u2014 A number of Quebec merchants Intely presented Mr.Samuel Johnston of that city with a handsome silver salver aud inkstand, on the occasion of his transfer from the Quebec to the Montres! Post Office, as an appreciation of his attention and courtesy.\u2014 A large party on the Piles Railway under the superintendence of the Engineer, Mr.Guerin, are actively pushing forward operations on the line.\u2014 Shantirs have been erected for the workmen, who are busied in preparing the track.\u2014 Three Rivers Inquirer.~~ Mr.Sinclair had o crowded andience of children yesterday afternoon in the Bt.Lawrence Hall, many being \u2018unable to gain admittance.The lecturer treated the subject of temperance in hig usual simple and lively style.At the close the children were ench provided with & copy of the ** Pledge\u201d to take home with them, 80 ns to receive the consent of their parents to Join the \u201c Band of Hope Bo- ciety,\u201d to be organised on Friday next.Mr.Sinclair also lectured in the evening in the Temperance Hall, to a large audience.Upwards of 370 permous signod the lodge yesterday.He delivers an address to the inhabitants of Yorkville this afternoon.(lobe.DurssLk's Bribok.\u2014The ministry yesterduy got through the preliminaries of a nice fluo job, whith has been in preparation for some time.It appenre that Mr.Delisle, a government official in Moatreal, member of innumerable commisions, and recipient of rather more ministerial favors than any other mau in the country, built & bridge over the Lite River, n branch of the St.Lawrence, which ss rates the Isle of Montreal from Isle Jesus.(Un or tunately for Mr.Delisis and his cosdjutors, whoever they souy be, the Seminary of Montréal owus à mill at a very little distance from the bridge, and bei afraid of business being carried away from the mill, the clergyman found it advisable to build another bridge not many thousand yards above the other.This was a loss to Delisle, of course, and, when he is in grief, that gentleman hastens to throw himself upon the bosom of à sympatbising executive.He and his friends discovered that the bridge was a sad interruption to tbe passage of timber down the river.This was not found out when the bridge was built, eleven years ago; it was not known till the new structure made the old one a losing concern.As the timber is compelled to shoot two bridges in the Little River besides Mr.Delisle\u2019's, we can bardly suppose that the lombermen find the third an insurmountable obetaele to their progress.We rather conclude that being used to it, they could manage the third much more easily than the frst.Mr.Delisle thinks it a terrible obstacle, however, and modestly asks that the bridge be removed, and, of course, that he and his friends be paid its value, in consideration of their yielding it up for the good of the public generally and the lumber trade.Disinterested Delisle.Your generosity brings tears into our editorial eyes, all unused as'they are to the melting mood.A committee was wanted to inquire into the case, the Opposition resisted, but they were outvoted.They desired the House to name the committee aud it was done, but the S; er ruled that no one opposed to the objects of the reference could be appointed.\u2014Globe, 12th.\u2014~[The Herald says itis the lumbermen and not Mr.Delisle, who are moving in this matter \u2014Ep.WiT.} Kxor\u2019s CoLLEGE\u2014Cuoss or Tenx.\u2014The Session of this Theological Institute closed on Wednesday last.À large assembly, including many clergymen and professors, convened on the occasion.The Principal having called on the Moderator of the Synod, who was present, to offer prayer, stated that it devolved on his reverend colleague, Dr.Burns, to give the address on this occasion, and he would postpone his concluding remark tiil after the lecture of the day.Dr.Burns then proceeded withan appro- riate and animated discourse on the qualifications Er the preaching of the Word, which was heard with deep attention.Dr.Willis thereafter addres sed the students and auditory in a few appro- priste and impressive words, congratulating the friends of the college on the very considerable number who, it appears, are likely togo forth on the service of church this season.He bore testin mony of the diligence with which the students had applied themselves to their business during the winter months, and ex-pressed his hope that those who were yet in the mit of their college curricul would spend the time of the recess profitably ai conscientiously.And having ass them of the prayerful interest with which he and his coll would follow them into the scenes of their dispersio and affectionately commended them to the care of the Presbyteries in their relative localities, the meet ing was closed with prayer by Professor Young, the singing of a few appropriate lines by the auditory, and the Benediction, lobe.NewsParEn Postace.\u2014On Tuesday, Mr.McDou- gall moved in ameudment to the Postmaster Gene ral\u2019s Postal Resolutions, ¢ That the Resolutions be not now read a second time, but that they be referred back to the Committee of the Whole to strike out the clause imposing the postage rate on newspapers.\u201d We regret 10 say that the interests of the press and of newspaper readers found but little support among the men, who a few weeks ago, voted without com- punetion six dollars a day into their own pockets, although the statute law allowed them but four.Mr.McDougall's amendment was negatived by a vote oan Nowrs.Aiki.Dell, Biggar, B rases, cas.\u2014Messrs.Aikins, Bell, Biggar, Bou Burcau, Burwell, Clark, Cook, Dorion, Dorland, Drummond, Fiulayson, Foley, Gould, Harcourt, Laberge, Laframboise, Lemieux, Mattice, McDov- gull, Mowat, Munro, Patrick, Piche, Ross, Rymal, Somerville, and Stirton\u201428, Nays.\u2014Messrs.Alleyn, Arcbambeault, Baby, Beaubien, Benjamin, Buchanau, Burton, John Cameron, Campbell.Carling, Caron, Cayley, Att.Gen.Cartier.Cauchon, Chapais, Cimon, Daoust, Dawson, Desauluiers, Dionne, Dubord, Dufresne, Dunkin, Fellowes, Ferguson, Ferres, Fortier, Foster, Four nier, Galt, Gaudet, Gill, Gowan, Harwor Holmes, Labelle, Lacvste, Laporte, LeBoutillier, Loranger, Macbeth, Att.Gen.Macdonald, J.S.Macdonald, MeMicken, Meagher, Morin, Morrison, Panet, Play- fair, Price, Robineon, Roblin, lose, W.Scott, Sher wood, Simard, Simpson, $.Smith, Starnes, Talbot, Terrill, Test, l'urcoite and Webb\u201464.\u2014 Transcrigé.Waste.\u2014Ore of the 1008t uscless and indefensible expenditures nf the publie money is the sum annual; paid to the Queen's Printer for Lo lishing the Ca Gazette and other work.The office is a sinecure.The publication of the Gazette is the most profitable business ji Cauada, and vet the publishers get a government bonus of $10,000 per anaum.\u2014 Kignston News.Marc Svoan.~\u2014The semson thus far, has been very propitious for maple sugar manufacture.More sugar hus been made at this date the present sesso than in any previous one.We bear of se farmers who have made already five hundred pouads.There aro no menus of ascertaining the exact amount «wf this article annually produced in this county, but we think fifty thousauy pounds would fall below the wark ; quantities are daily being offered for sale in our warket ay a reusounble price, which will afford canaidersble relief to those who have been in the habit of purchasing an inferior imported article st a much higher Ggure.\u2014Galt Reporter. = 242 THE MONTREAL WITNESS.ArriL 16, 1859, THE NEAPOLITAN EXILES IN ENGLAND.(From British Standard.) Little did the despot of Naples imagine when these heroic men were! owed to come forth from their dungeons that they were s0 soon to appear, not in the \u201c Far West,\" but in the Capital England, there by their presence, and with their voice, to testify to his cruelty and barbarity.Their arrival has been greeted in a manner characteristic of the country.How glorious to their eyes the sight of the faces of the frec masses of England ! The exiles have shown their good-sense by declining, for the present, any public exhibition or display of any sort.Grateful for their liberty, they feel disposed to leave their pitiful oppressor to the discipline of that Providence to which they owe their own freedom.We have been farnish- ed with the narrative of one of the sufferers, who was eight years immured in various dungeons, which is touching in the extreme.It runs thus: One beautiful day in February, 1852, fifty of us were collected from the prisons of Ischia, cida, and Nisida, and thrown into the stifling dens of Monte Fusco.Among the fifty were\u2014 the illustrious Baron Carlo Poerio, the Honorable Giuseppe Pica, Vincenso Dono Stephano Mollica, Cmmaro Braico, Nicolo Schiavoni, Nicolo Palermo, and myself.It is not alone the dread of Monte Fusco.with its criminals, with its dripping walls, its dark cells, its broken windows, stanchly set with bars, through which.day and night, the freezing wind penetrated, that abhor and detest, but its horrible isolation, separated from ali human intercourse and affection.I there soon was deprived of health and arrived at premature old age, which grief, not time, brought upon me.We slept many nights at Monte Fusco, lying on the bare earth, our chains at our sides; we were dressed ss malcfactors, deprived of books, and even of materials to write to our friends.Through the excess of hate.among other devices, recourse was had to the \u201cpuntali\u2019 (this means being chained to a staple driven in the floor, with fetters of about four feet in Leight).Every look and word was construed against us, and made a pretence for cur punishment.Even the very Sbirri were strictly ordered not to address a word to us, and any of them who evinced a merciful isposition or kindness to us were visited with dreadful penalties.They were tried by martial law, and were flogged.A nightingale, as ifon a mission from Nature, used to come to the boughs of » mulberry, tree, and, with his plaintive song, he expressed our griefs, so that be became our friend, the friend of our very hearts; we used to to the prison bars to listen to and treasure his loving plaint.Ah, fond fool! he with his tender ditty awakened euspicions among the police that we had communication with the outer world.They shouted with their voices and hurled sticks ; but in the evenings the little nightingale came in and again with his song of solace to us, and his sympathy for patriotism brought his doom\u2014 he was shot.The number of fifty was considered dangerous! , and it was determined to separate us.ue 1855, thirty of us were transferred to Monte Sarchio, to a place which was purposely fitted for us in the middle of an old fortress, and which was not alone intended for our abode, but for our more lonesome isolation.In fact, from our barred windows we could see nothing but the light of day, and some mountains in the distance.However, the apartments Were better aired and more capacious, and everything was cleaner, and our treatment was lesa rigorous ; but the same mora) degradations, the same calumnies, the same privations, the same ceplonige and the same suspicions accompanied us.On the 3rd of May, \u201c1857, 8 thunderboit struck our dwelling, which was also shaken by the terrible eathquake of the 16th of March, 1858.\u2018When these disasters occurred our cries for relief were not regarded, and our destiny was left to the blind chance of the moment.Finally, it was allowed to us to see our families, but the time allowed for their visits was extremely short.The mode in which the interviews were ordered was this; there were two rooms opposite each other, and six paces spect at the grating of which, and so separated, e father saw bis son, the husband his wife.The soldicre, gendarmes, turnkeya, and agents of the police were present at the touching scene, and go listened to the words and sacred sighs of these bereaved families.The lot of those who remained at Monte Fusco was yet more cruel.The cholera visited that pestiferous place, and with scarcely an exception our companions perished ; they died because all aid, all care, and medicine were denied them.In the various State prisons the political inmates from such treatment perished, to the number of 243.Whoever was taken to tbe hospital for medical relief was placed ins filthy bed, » chain, which was rivetted to his foot, was bolted to the floor, which almost fixed the wafortunate patient in a continually unchanged position.Death alone freed them from this almost unbeard-of martyrdow.Mollica, one of my most distinguished companions received a reprieve from this accursed enchainment, when he was ot tacked with typbus fever, but the benign conces- of to-dsy was 8! on the morrow.A said \u201c If Moilics is dead, it is well ; if mot, replace the fosters.\u201d The order was obeyed & ro- {earth are the habitations of cruelty.\u201d and enforced, even whilo my unhappy friend, with a priest at his side, was recommending his soul to God.On the 13th of last January a commission called the State prisoners before thew, and said that their sentence was commuted to - tual exile from the kingdom.The decree of Be.cember 27 condemued to exile ninety-one individuals, and why are we not all bero ?Pironti was 20 broken down in strength.and his limba so ralysed, that he can only walk with a crutch.he very persons who were placing him on board the \u201cStromboli\u201d were so moved at his condition that, at their own peril, they carried him back to shore.Lamberti for a long time was confined to hospital, and completely shattered in health.Romeo is over eighty years of age.and decrepit.Nisco is gone to Germany, and seven are confined in obscure prisons.Fourteen are dead.I will not stay now to narrate any of the particulars of the state of iny unfortunate companions.I limit mysclf to give one remarkable instance\u2014Signior Solano, the futher of eight children, two of whom are daughters and six sons, had, with these children, to encounter the horrors of the prison, under which two of them sank.Such is the narrative; while we peruee it, the blood runs cold.Truly \u201cthe dark places of the It is among the inscrutable mysteries of Providence that such monsters, in the guise of men, should be suffered to live! There is but one way through which purblind mortals can obtain a glimpse of light which may enable them to justify the ways of God to mzn.These regal miscreants are to be viewed, we think, as dragons.rent on earth to chastise the wickedness of the nai :v\u202618,\u201415 executioners, to take vengeance on thuse ti.1p of whose iniquities is full to overflowinz.THE ITALIAN QUE-TION.(From the Spe.tor.) Before the Paris Conference in 1856, a very brief but sufficient summary of those facts, care fully composed by Massin- l'Azcglio, was submitted by Camillo Cavour.1 he Austrian representative was present, and (hicre was no rep).The Plenipotentiary of England.specially d- puted by Lord Pulmerston, not only admitted the facts, but uttered expres-\u2018ons which virtually pledged England to assist in obt.uning redress.The Foreign Minister of France himself assisted in drawing the attention of the Confercnce to the criminal mismanagement of Naples by its Royal Government.Nothing has been done to change the administration of Italy.Within the last few days we have had a report by Signor Farini to Lord J.Russell \u2014Farini, the statesman who is personally known to the father of English reform, and to Peel's colleague, Gladstone.He recapitulates wany facts which establish the antecedents and the rights of the Italian people.He tells us what is strictly true\u2014that under the Leopoldine Laws in Tuscany, the temporary constitutional Government in Naples, the suspension of despotic administration in Rome, and the permanent good government of Sardinia, they have uniformly been peaceful, intelligent and prosperous.heir tranquility has been disturbed alone by despotic government and the intrusion of Austrian rule, either directly or by proxy.On the other hand, Austria and her teges in Naples, the Papal States, and the Dachies, have revived or continued practices of coercion ; Austrian judges bave employed fogging and even torture upon prisoners of state.If we had the narrative of Silvio Pellico, we have recently the narrative of Ungarelli.There bas been no change of circumstances within the last few years except in avation.Before the Conference in 1836, the Piedmontese statesman, Cavour, cxpressly warned the representatives of the Europesn Governments that, unless there were some change for the better, it would be impossible to prevent a revolutionaïy crisis in Italy ; at the present moment, all classes of the Italians who have any information or political ideas look for the signal from Turin; they would rise at the lifting of a finger; they are\u2014and we say it on positive and direct information from cities neither in Lombardy nor in the Sardinian States \u2014held in check solely by the influence of King Victor Emmanuel's Government.Not from one morn till the evening of the same day would Englishmen tolerate such lawlessness as from Lombardy to Naples posses by the name of vernment and law.If nny attempt were made to separate England from Europe, and to represent thut we have no obligations towards our Continental neighbors, the fallacy would be refuted by a very ready reference to history.But we have direct obligations.We have made the statement before ; we repest it.In 1812 we persuaded the Siciliaus to abandon their old constitution for a new une, and we, for our own convenience connived, in 1815, at a sacrifice of the Sicilians, without restoring them to the status quo.In 1821 we the treachery ; we repeated it in 1849 se the Neapolitan fleet was allowed to sail through the British in order to surprise the Bici- lians.We burlesqued our owa treachery in 1867, when that useloss demonstration was made by our warships in the Bay of Naples.We accepted the most valuable proffer military aid from Sardinis\u2014valusble in a military, moral, and political sense\u2014only to break the implied bargain in '67-'88, when Lord Clarendon's chief [ ' backed out of the position taken by the British Plenipotentiary in 1866, refusing the Minister of Piedmont, Cavour, a support in some respects more congenial to Piedmont than that of France.And now, in \"59, we actually endeavor to prevent the Italians from obtaining through France what we promised and withhold.hrec pleas are put forward to justify an official treachery which is charged against the honor of England.They are, that we havo treaty obligations with Austria; that \u2018the balance of power\u201d tenders it essential for our interest to maintain the ascendancy of Austria: and that the men who have lately been moving for the emancipation of Italy ure actuated by bad motives.As to the general treaty obligations, they have been violated less by this country than by every «ther in Europe; but, as Sigmor Farini says, not to mention other instances, we have overruled the treaties of 1815 to create the kingdom of Belgium and the kingdom of Grecce ; to acknowledge the federal constitution of Switzerland.and the emancipation of Neuchatel ; and to recognize the Napoleonic empire, in spite of the \u201clegitimacy\u201d which it was the very purpose of 1815 to restore.We plead or contemn the treaties ae it suits us.SMOKING OUT AN ENEMY.(Fre.the Daily News.) A gentleman named Macintosh has just propounded a certain new invention, which he asserts will entirely change the condition of modern warfare without luss of life or effusion of blood\u2014 at least, comparatively speaking, By this new s-stem those who intend to uttnes «1 sea fort or tery upon this patent prirci;\u2019 have only to pi.irede themselves with a suitabiv coil of hose, à force-pump, a stock of coal naptha, and a ball of potassium.Taking care to keep well to windward of the point to be assailed, the attacking party allow the tube to drift towards it by means of a bout or other buoyant object ; they then discharge through the tubing a supply of the nap- tha, which cannot mix with the water, and may (now casily be inflamed, as it floats upon the surface by means of a pellet of potassium.Imme- diztely there arises from the blazing naptha a dense suffocating vapour, almost as intoleruble as a London fog.In this horrible atmosphere the unfortunate encmy, becoming enveloped, will have no possible alternative but to fiy or to remain and be asphyxiated.In any case resistance is useless, the assailants cannot be descried through the impenetrable carbonic curtain; there is no need of any expenditure of ammunition, and the y day is noiselessly won.The idea, it must be admitted, is ingenious, though perhaps not absolutely original.In the insect world the bombardier beetle, when pursued by a hungry adversary, discharges, with a bright flash and a sharp explosion, from a minute \u201c stern-chaser, \u201d a volume of acrid smoke, effectually preventing further pursuit.The cattlefish, again, having vainly tried other modes of escape, suddenly has recourse like certain officials, to a discharge of ink, and 80 baffles all further investigation.The American skunk is provided for purposes of self-defence with the means of generating at will an atmosphere nearly as pestilential as that of one of our own law courts, or of u crowded omnibus.We bave it upon the best authority that Juno, when placed in an awkward predicament by the impor- tunities of Ixion, was relieved from her embarrassment by a ready and judicious application of smoke, Ëness, too, us we nll know, was saved from un untimely fute by similar means.Few people will fail to recall, as belonging to this \u201cclass of cases,\u201d that memorable duel, so well described by Marryat, in which the midshipman, after a rapid discharge of several ship's pistols, with which he had been liberall supplied by his second, the gunner, had a cutlass put into his hand by the same funetionary, with an emphatic injunction to \u201cboard the enemy in the smoke\u201d before he recovered from his confusion ! There are various other nodes of npplying this bottled smoke, according to the peculiar exigencies of dif: ferent cases.Experiments on au lurge scale at Portsmouth bave proved that the exceution of the various plans is simple, certain, and comparatively inexpensive.As far back as December, 1854, Mr.Macintosh wrote to the Duke of Newcastle, who granted him an interview, and, after witnessing scveral practical experiments in the private gardens of the War Department, ex- ressed his intention of having the matter fully investigated, and directed Captain Sir Thomas Maitland to report upon it.At this time the Crimean war was raging, the Allied Fleets had been repulsed from the fortifications of Sebasto- 1, the entrance to the harbor was cloned by a rier which it had been found impossible to demolish or remove; yel, notwithstanding this accumulation of adverse circumstances, our inventor boldly undertook to render the stupond- ous fortresses at the mouth of the port untenable, to destroy the Russiun flect, and to place Bebas- topol in a few hours at the disposal of the Eng.fish and French forces.At his own cost, Mr.Macintosh freighted a vessel and proceeded to the Crimea while the memorable siege waa yet proceeding, and be then and there offered fu our admirals & ready means of closiog à tédivus and costly war, and of suviog, to un: bis own words, eighty millions sterling,\u201d und \u201c 40,000 to 50.000 valusble lives.\u201d But, some «use or other, the authorities gave him no encouragement, and beyond the payment of £1,000 omards reimbursing his expenses, he has received no rema- neration for all his labors in the service of his country.BRITISH AND FOREIGN NEWS.PrevanaTions ror Wan.\u2014\u2014Austria, full of dis trust as to the success of the negotiations, continues to concentrate her forces upon the frontiers of Piedmont.A hundred and ten Sü-pounder guns have arrived at l\u2019avin, 6000 men have been quartered at Lodi, sud 7000 will shortly assemble at Mantes.Teun thousand siege shells, it 1s stated, are to he dir tributed to the army, and the Diritto assumes that they are to be used in an attack upon Alessandria, At Poza and at Trieste armaments continue without ceasing.And, having rerard to the possibility of a sudden descent upon the coasts of Illyria and of Dal- matin, Austria bas ordered 70,000 earth bags, and 1200 hlockhouses, or wonden forts, to he constructed for the defence of the different parts of the shore.Euch of these forts will contain fifty soldiers, Louv Etois's Mizsiox.\u2014Her Majesty's steamves- sels\u201c Furious\u201d and \u201c Cruiser,\u201d which Lord Elgiu was obliged to leuve up the Yangtse-kiang, bave returned to Shanghai, heving been enabled to do so by u sudden and unexpected rise of the river.Lord Elgin, in reply to an address delivered to him by the merchants of\u2019 Shanghai, has made n long speech.It appears to be a kind of farewell manifesto, his Lordship remarkiug\u2014¢ The special work which I was commanded to take in hand is now drawing to » close,\u201d and to some extent vindicatory of the policy he hus carried out in China.He refers naturally enouvh to the difficulties which have beset his course in China, and which, it cannot he denied, have heen (met hy him with skill and firmness, Lord Elgin ispeaks of his trip up the Yangtse ns having fulfilled all his expectations, and as useful chiefly for the information it has afforded reyrarding the politi cal state of the country.Swiss MECRUITING FoR NarLES AND THE Papa, ! SrarEs.\u2014 The Federal Diet of Switzerland has forwarded an official note to their Envoy at Paris, requiring: the French executive to take effective mes- sures {or abolishing a den of crimps at Pontarlier, on the Franche Comié frontier, where Helvetic subjects ave decoyed for enrolment in the mercenary bunds of Naples und its neighbouring State.The Legislature at Berne had Jong declared such enlist ment to Le an offence at law, and it has summoned France as well as the Grand Ducly of Baden to put down the nuisance.PRESEYTERIAN CauUncH IN ENcrasp.\u2014The Pres bytery of London in 1849 hnd {13 churches and stu- tions in its bounds ; there are in 1859 22.During the same period, that of Lancashire has increased in a similar proportion\u2014from 1G to 2{.The other Presbyteries remain very neatly as they were.The agitation occasioned by the organ controversy bas now subsided, and, as far as at present appears, the ensuing meeting of 8ynod, which is to sah place in Regent's Square Church, London, on the 18th of April, will be among the quietest that bas occurred for many years, and, it is to be hoped, will find itself free for much usefulness.The endowment of the College, and Union with the English branch of the U.P.Church, will probably occupy a considerable woount of attention.Both of these objects, we are glad to learn, are in à gratifying state of forward- bess.Dr.Beith of Stirling, Dr.Bonar of Kelso, Dr.Murray Mitchell, Lord Panmure, Charles Cowan, Esy., M.P,, and Mr.Dunlop, Esq., M.P., are the Free Church deputation to the Synod.Preparations are making in London for giving the ministers the usual hospitable reception.\u2014 From our Correspon- t.Tus Papar Stare.\u2014We are positively informed here that the Papal Government denies having ever declared itself confident of keeping urder in its dominions if all the foreign troops were withdrawn.The denial is much more reasonable and likely to be true than the alleged declaration.When T was at Rome in November lsat I was told the same thing, that the Pope aud Cardinal Antonelli thought themselves strong enough to maintain tranquility, and were anxious to see the French and Austriuns deport.The French, very likely, but the Austrians are quite another business.ft appears that the Papal Govern: ment also declares that all the reforins now urged upon it have been already carried out.1 will not allow myself to qualify this assertion in the very strong terms which it summons to my pen\u2019s point, but will content myself by saying that it is diametrically opposed to the truth, and that none better know it to be so than the persons who tmake it.\u2014 Globe's Paris Correspondent.A Literey 1x tak CHURCH oF ScOTLAND.\u2014 The Ediburgh Presbytery of the Church of Scotland have been eugaged in investigating aud discussing the conduct Shr.Robert Lee, of Greyfriam, who has published a volume of \u201c Prayers for Public his own composition, and been in the habit of reading therefrom, as part of his ordinary public Sabbat exercises.At a meeting of the Presbytery, held on the 23rd of February, after 4} hours discunsion, a committee waa appointed to make further enquiry into the facts of the case.Scorrist SOCIETY For THE Prevention OF Cnverry To ANiuars.\u2014The annual meeting of the friends of this Society, established in 1819, waa held esterday in the Religious Institution Rooms, Fdin- Durgh.The report stated that since 1554 no fower than 78 convictions bad been obtained, and that fines had in almost every case been inflicted.The state of the finances was satisfactory, the amount of capital at the disposal of the Society being not less thas between £400 and £300.The report wos adopted.Tux Last or TH Convicr Huuxy.\u2014The lost remaining vestige of the system of keeping prisonors on board disused ships of wor is just about to be abolished by the breaking up of th staff of the Stirling Castle convict hulk in Portsmouth harbour.This ship has lutely been used for the roception of prrino- nors sent home from the convict establishments of Bermuda and Gibraltar, but it is henceforth to be jAliscontinued oven for that purpose, and thero will no longer remain 8 single convict hulk in use in the English Prison Service.\u2014 Civil Service Gazelle.Worship,\u201d mostly i: ApRiL 16, 1869.THE MONTREAL WITNESS.243 erican Press.PERSECUTIONS IN SYRIA.The Rev.William W.Eddy, à missionary of the American Board, in behalf of the American mission in Syria, has addressed a letter (Dec, 18th) to Sir Culling Eardley, invoking the aid of the British Government to protect the Protestants in Syria from the persecutions to which they are subjected.He presents a series of outrages recently inflicted upon the Christian people of that country.such as these.that have fallen ader his oion observation : About cizht miles east of Tyre, is the village of Cana, containing sbout 600 inhabitants.It was probubly, in order to distinguish it from this place, thut the scene of our Suviour's first miracle, wus called * Cana of Galilee.\u201d It is now a year since a religious movement commenced there.\"The result of it has been the organization of a Protestant community of about forty souls.A pious, well-educated native I«bors there, teaching young und old the Word of God and explaining to them its truths.Repeuted efforts have been made by the Bishop and the priests of the Ca- tholie Church to which they had belonged.to induce them to return to their former faith.These offorts have been till lately confined to Hattering words and fair promises.Failing to accomplish anything in this way, and ignorant how fur they might safely venture in wu different course, the enemies of the truth sent a message to the French Consul in Beirut, asking him if he would sustain them in using forcible measures.He replied, \u2018a Whatever you do, I will support you.\u201d Encouraged by this.the Bishop then told lis parti- zany, ** You kill these Protestants, and come wipe the blood from your hunds on ny beard\u201d \u2014nat, probably, intending by that literal murder, but a resort to acts of violence.for which he would be responsible.First the teacher was beaten; then several others were treated in the sume manner ; some 50 severely wounded with clubs on their heads, that their garments were \u201ctained with the flowing blond.Not men only, but svomen also were beaten.und an infant child thrown out of the arms of one of them and much injured, A Catholic raised a false claim upon the land of a Protestant, und succeeded in wresting it from him, becanse, in absence of written deeds, reliance had been pluced upon witnesses whe, being Catholics, refused to testify for n herctie.Another Protestant had the road to kis house built up by x wall running across it, so as to cut him off from his own premises, besides encroachments made upon his Jand.room where the Protestants assemble for religious worship has been repeatedly assailed by stones, and boys Ænt to jump upon the flat mud roof above their heads, so as to bring a shower of dirt upon them and interrupt their mectings.On visiting these people, a fortnight since, I found them in much distress, and fearing daily the occurrence of new troubles.Whenever they have presented new complaints against their persecutors to the local governor, he has replied, * Bring witnesses to your having been thus injured, but let them not be from your own number.\u201d Of course neither inclination nor policy would lead their enemies to testify sguinst each other, und so they obtain no redress from their governor.In freshaigs, on the western slope of Mount Hermon, there have been made within the last few weeks several additions to the number of Protestants previously existing.This has so enraged their former co-religionists that they have risen with oue accord against the Protestant comu- nity.They have been compelled to labor upon a new Greck Church which is building in that place.Money has been extorted from them unjustly ; horsemen have been quartered on them, unjustly to consume their substance; men and women have been beaten ; debts due to them have been disowned; the wall of the vineyard belonging to one of them has been thrown down, and be assailed with stones, and beaten whenever he approached the place to till it or gather its fruits.A native preacher, who has been aiding me here in Sidon, has now returned to his home to defend his little property in land and olive trees, which another has usurped, because its lawful owner is only a Protestant.Allow me now, for a few moments, to direct your attention to a consideration of the causes which render the interposition of English con- aular influence in such cascs indispensable, in order to the securing of justice.One cause is, that tho local authorities of the Turkish Government are rarely inclined to cxer- cise their power in behalf of persecuted natives in their realm, unless they are stimulated to do 80 by n forcign influence which they respect or fear.An unsupported Protestant appearing before n Turkish Court to plead for liberty of conscience and protection from persecution, hus little or no hope of an impartial hearing or a just decision of his cause ! and this not alone because of the indifferonco of their rulers, but also because thore are generally in their employ rich and powerful members of the various Christian scots, and such also hold seats in the tribunal, and these make common cause in resisting the claims of Protestants by every means in their power, Add to this, that these persecutions rarely arise from single individuals, but are tho result of a combi- nutlon led on by thoso who have wealth and influence in their hands, while the Protestants are mostly poor and destitute of influence.The door of they, Mr.Eddy says it is understood that a treaty between the Turkish and European powers precludes the interference of foreign consuls throughout the Turkish cmpire in the affairs of the natives: and thut there is a great jealousy on the part of the officers of the Turkish Government against such interference.Sir Culling sends Mr.Eddy's letter to Lord Mulmesbury, the British Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs.FUGITIVES SLAVE EXCITEMENT HARRISBURG.(From the Nutionzi Era.) On Saturday morning considerable excitement was created at Harrisburg, Pa., by Deputy U.&.Marshal Jenkins arresting a colored man under the Fugitive Slave Law.The arrest was made in the market-place, snd the fugitive, who is said to bo from Virginia, was taken to Philadelphia to ap) before 17.8.Commissioner Longstreth.The Philadelphia Bulletin of Saturday afternoon says .\u2014 + The alleged fugitive, upon Lis arrival in the city, was taken to the office of the U.S.Commissioner, at Fifth and Chestnut streets, where we saw him this afternoon with his wrists encased in handcuff.He told us that his name is Daniel Webster, that he is about twenty-five years of age, and that be has been living at Harrisburg for nine years past, where he was employed at fence-making.Upon being questioned concerning his domestic relations, he said, with tears in his eyes, that he har a wife living at Harrisburgh ; that he had had two children, the last of whom was buried yesterday week.He said that he had many friends ut Harrisburg, and that if be could have been tried there, instead of being brought so far from home, he could have been able to prove his right to liberty ; but at so great a distauce frou home, and among strangers, he had no chance.He states that he was arrested while attending market at half-past six o'clock this morning, on pretence that he had committed some crime.The officers who made the arrest say that there was a disposition to rescue the fugitive, and for that reason handeuffs were put upon him at Harrisburg.The gyves were removed in the cars, and again put upon him after their arrival in Philadelphia.\u201cIt is underatood that the alleged fugitive is claimed by a party in Virginia, who says that he escaped from bondage six yeurs ago.Daniel, n the other hand, declares that if he was at arrishurg he could prove that he had lived there nine years.He is a good-looking, stalwart man, with an inoffensive countenance.This is the first cuse under the Fugitive Slave Law in Philadelphia for several years.\u201d A dispatch to the Philadelphia Journal, dated Harrisburgh, Saturday afternoon, gives the following scene in the Legislature :\u2014 «A fugitive slave having been urrested here this morning, the subject was mentioned in the House, when Myr.Irish made an cloquent speech, in the course of which he pronounced the arrest a great outrage, innemuch as the man had lived hero seven years.He had been arrested in market, placed in irons, and dragged down the street, by a band ofarmed ruffians, crying help, while thousands of persons witnessed the wrong committed.These remarks caused a great excite- went in the House, and Mr.Irish moved to proceed to tle consideration of the personal liberty bill.\u201d AT CRIME AND STRONG DRINK.(From the Naw Youk Tribune.) x * # Suffice it that 28 of these 42 homicides were committed under the direct and palpable inspiration of Alecholic madness.The perpetrators were cither drunk, or frenzied by n long debouch, or fighting in grogshops, often about payment for the liquor they had just swallowed.in one case, a bar-tender, being involved in a quarrel with a costumer, cliased, pistol in hand that costumer into the crowded street, and tired, missing his intended victim.but shooting an catimablo and widely-known citizen, who, with his wife, was on his way to Church, that being Sunday cvening.In the fourteen cases where the coroner's inquest did not trace the crime directly and palpably to the rum cask, * jealousy\u201d was throe times assigned ns the cause\u2014and we need hardly remark that jealousy seldom manifests itsolf in cases of murder under the inapira- tion of cold water.Two or three of the remaining cases were accidental or justifiable iu soveral, no clue to the porpotrator, no explanation of the ciroumstancos, was clicited.1t is cortainly within the truth to nssumo that intoxicating liquors are the impelling cause of three-fourths of tho murders perpetrated within the limits of this city and clsewhere\u2014that not fewer than twenty-five human beings are each year butchered under the influence of liquor in\u2019 this city alone, while throughout the country, the number can hardly fall below five hundred.; And this, though one of the most appalling, is by no means the only, and is far from being the most usual of tho malign results of the manufue- ture, sale and consumption of alocholie liquors.The thieves, burglars, and other criminals, who infest our eity aro all liquor drinkers\u2014many of| them drunkurds.They gather unobserved in the low groggerics, to concoct robberies, and ruin, after their crimes have been committed, to divide the spoil, and make merry over their sue- cess.Over cight thousand public paupers are nearly ull graduates of these seminaries of vice, or the unfortunate widows and children of those who were such.If the liquor traffic could be annihilated to-morrow, more than one million dollars per annum of the sums now paid for the detection and conviction of criminals and the support of paupers wight be left in the pockets from which taxation now wrenchesit.We might dispense with à large portion of our police, and with at least one of our criminal judges, if we could only measurably be rid of intoxicating liquors.If they could not be obtained at any price, and all publie provision for the relief of the destitute were utterly ubolished, there would be far less suffering from want and destitution than there now is.Nay, free us utterly and irrevocably from the eurse of intoxicating drinks, and we will gladly consent to live without a police, and without the protecting arm of the luw, as- surd that there will be less crimes and outrages committed than there now are.FOOD AND CLOTHING.(From Commercial Article in N.F.Falependent.) The one remarkable feature common to the United States and to Europe, in their commercial position, is the very low price of grain.Wheat is lower in London than at this time last year.The last advised quotation is 40s.10d, per quarter.In New York Western wheat sells at 81,50 to 81,75 per bushel, and this is too high to admit of export to England, which can be supplied cheaper from Russia and elsewhere.These low prices of food are really the riches of the world, so that real riches are not always measurable by price or moncy value.The laborer is better fed in Europe ut low wages than here at higher wages, which gives the manufse- turing interest there a great advantage.The cheapness of food has also a very strong influence on the money markets of Europe, independent of all other circumstances.An incipient scarcity of food always tells adversely and quickly in money circles.Capitalists and financiers watch closely the varying prices of food\u2014the most necessary article of production, and which must be obtained from distant points at any price, if not obtainable at nearer.And large imports of grain preclude in a great degree a large import of other products, for when grain and flour are high in price, the consumer has less to spend oa other things.The abundance of food, therefore, enables the laborer to obtain more of other things, but more especially clothing\u2014cotton goods in par- ticular\u2014than if food were not abundant iv sup- Ppl The condition of the laboring classes in England and on the continent of Europe is therefore comparatively good; being thus able to purchase cotton and woolen goods.Cotton, notwithstanding a large supply, is rising in price, the consumption being unprecedented.The advices by the * Asia\u201d indicate an extraordinary demand for cotton goods to ship to India and China, Buyers even for Germany and the Mediterrancan, it is said, are extending their e ments.New cotton mills in England are rapidly multiplying, and are stocked with the most recently-improved machinery.The large crop of cotton in this country will be all wanted for immediate consumption before the close of the season, and little stock be left behind, The active home and foreign demand for cotton goods in England is raising her manufacturing power at a rate of increase previously unknown, in spite of the check to enterprise in some directions from the state of things in Italy and the expceted war.The permanence of an easy moncy market is more dependent on the low price of food than on any other circumstance.War itself is not so exhaustive of capital; for war narrows its employment, and leaves it to accumulate.À scarcity of food furnishes employment of it, in seeking food supplies for foreign and distant markets.The spring scems to have opened well both in Euro and on this feontineut, and looks well for carly crops, if nc relapse into wintry weather takes place.Our advices from the interior are all favorable at present, but it is too carly to form any opinion.Any failure of importance in tha raising of craps will tell at oncc on our moncy market.but this cannot be known for months to come.To the next harvest, then, all particularly look with attention, as on that depends the character of future trade.Qur own aclfish interests would be best served by plentiful crops here, and a scarcity in Europe, but then less cotton would be wanted for shipment.The consumption of cotton in this country is very large this year.For the period since the 1st of September our spinners have bought 530,000 bales, against onl 167,500 last year; and 471.323 bales in 188% for u similar period.The exports to Europe thus far this season are 1,600,426 bales, against 1,237,620 last year.The receipts are already 3,037,549 bales, against only 2,122,160 bales in 1867-58, and prices aro je.per 1b.lowor\u2014New Orleans \u201c Fair\u201d being now 12§c., and in March, 1808, 130.The manufacturere are stimulated by a rising demand for cotton fabrios, the stocks having run out and more goods being called for.The extended fields for consumption in China and India, to which we shall soon add Japan, is having an immense influence on the cotton sup- py: and wkile low prices of food prevail, enabling Lovers to clothe themselves more freely, the impetus of active consumption on supply will continue.AMERICAN NEWS.Tue Dead or as Aokp Fanmen\u2014Col.Samuel Jaques, the distinguixhed \u201crriculturist, who died last week at Somerville, hal Lt ijttle opportunity, when a lad, to attend school, but being endowed largely with the spirit of cuterprise, energy, and persevering industry, he was allowed to leave home before reaching the age of zI, to seek his own fortune.From serving faithfuily, he soon became qualified for husi- ncss, and commenced for himself, and was saccessful in the accumulation of property, but lost it by the failure of a house in London.Though disappointed, the Colonel was not the man to despond, or brood over what i- called bad luck, or misfortune.The same: indomitable spirit that characterized his whole life, devised a plan, whose ultimate success made him proprietor of one of the best farms in the suburbs vf Boston.Having been bred a farmer, be now had ample opportunity to gratify his taste, and indutze his desire fur improvement, especially in stock-breeding.His ample experiments in breedin; domesticated animals, confirmed him in the belief, that © inand-in-breeding\u2019?is the true system.This, he claimed to have demonstrated in Lie Creampot breed of cattle, perhaps the first and only b of cattle that bas been made in the United States.Several of those are etiil kept at ** Ten Hills Farm.\u201d His experiments in breeding rabbits, barn yard fowls, geese, merinu sheep, and other animals, were all successful, and coutirmatory of his favorite theory of in-and in-breeding.\u2014 Boston Recorder.Apvasce 18 Price or 8: avie.\u2014The New Orleans correspondent of the N.Y.T¥mes writes that jour- nel as follows :\u2014No species of property has felt the effects of the active state of affairs more sensibly than negroes.The avcru te price of field bands may be stated at £1,500, and the tendency is upward.À 1 negroes sell for £1,750 to 82,000.These rates were never reached but once before, and that was during the speculative times of 1836, and which were not of long duration.The rates now, however, are the consequence of an uctual nccessity and demand.Une of your Southern correspondents stated, not long since, that the Mississippi Valley was drawing the negro population from the Atlantic States.This is true, and to such an extent are the richer planters of aforesaid valley interested in this species of pro- petty, that many are beginning to think there is ae ger ahead, and that it is time to stop.In several of the Louisiana districts there are ten blacks to every white man, woman and child, and it has become necessary to keep up the district police and guard.Dany Praver Meeting, CiscixNATI.\u2014 The Central Herald of March 24th, says: *\u2018 On Tuesds morning, the prayer meeting was largely attended, and unusually interesting.G.F.Davis, Esq., read the parable of the sower, on which the venerable Bishop Melivaine made impressive and instructive remarks.Truth was the only seed upon which the Holy Spirit could rest, and secure abiding fruitfulness.Kb, as it is in Jesve, we must sow and it will yield abundantly.His words of warning in regard to the various agencies that devour and choke the good seed were affectionate and earnest.Professors of religion that attend balls, th and the opera, as well as others who are ei by the fashionable amusements of the day, following the teaching of Bishop Mcllvaine, would at once turn their feet from these gilded ways that lead to death.He mentioned that in almost every meeting he attended while in England, a deep Christian sympathy was manifested in the government and religion of our country.Atfectionate prayer was often heard in our behalf, and in the English chapels on the continent, prayer was offered for our President and the Congress of the United States, as well us for Queen Victoria and the Hritish Parliament.At the close, the Bishop offered a fervent prayer, in which our hearts united.It was à near approach to God, and the Divine presence was evidently in our midst.À Surers SYxaGO3vE\u2014 A new Jewish Synagogue to cost $60,000.is about to be erected on Nineteenth Street, New York.To avoil the noise _incident to the Jewish Sabbath, (Saturday) the audience room will be considerably elevated above the street.It being indispensable dat the worshipers shonld enter toward the East fucing Jerusalem, this is effected by a circuitous pair of stairs, As in all synagogues, the galleries are to be reserved for the exclusive ocenpancy of the women while the men sit below.Mission Scnoors.\u2014 There arc no less than eight mission Sunday schools in Hartford, several of which meet in new aud commodious chapels, Many Li rents have been induced to attend the Concert by means of the following slip placed in the hands of the children : Sunday School Concert this evening at six and a half o'clock.Father and mother, come! A Rerractory Privst\u2014A while ago Archbishop Hughes of New York suspended a priest of St.Jobn's Church in that city.it is said for intemperate language used in à sermon, and last Sabbath, a week ago the church was closed.\u2018The priest, however, harangued his congregation outside the church, saying he would build a church before lonz at his own expense, and invited his congregation to help in sos.taining the purity und independence of the pulpit.Tue Mase Law NoT a Deav Levren.\u2014 Horatio Field of Tauuton, the oldest and largest liquor dealer in Bristol County, was taken to the House of Correction at New Bedford last weck, to serve out @ sentence of ninety days.The application of the law to the ar Notels in Greenfield, is making no little stir.While it fell upon plebian venders, it was all very well, but when is became * no respecter of persons\u201d?and handbills, \u201chotels closed.\u201d were posted, even some good people were alarmed, snd ost their moral courage.It is hoped, however, that the work will de carried through.\u2014 Recorder \u2014 Boston is rapidly becoming an Trish «ity.of the 5,597 children born there last yeas.on 1,411 were of pure native parentage, while 3.604 had for eign anu, and 1,319 had one foriegn 1areut.Quly one of the marriages were by natives, 244 TRRMS OF THE MONTREAL WITNESS FOR 1859.SEMI-WREKLY EDITION.TWO DOLLARS PER ANNUM, IN ADVANCE.The price of the above edition is uniform, except in the city where the price is $3, delivered at the sub- seriber's residence.WBHELY EDITION.2 dollars per aingie copy per annum, in advance.8 \u201c for clubs of 4, addressed separately.\u201c \u201c 10 « \u201c 26\u201c for 20 copie to ons address.When « club bas boom formed, additions may b made at the same rate.The tama for both editions are otriotiy casb in ad- vence, the paper invariably stops when the time wabscribed for expires.All letters, orders and remitiances, to be addressed, post-paid, to JOHN DOUGALL, Proprietor - Morrazac Wrrwmes,\u201d Montreal._ Abvuntieura \u2014The ** Montreal Witness\u201d being exteu- sively patronized by town and country merchants, presents an excellent medium for advertisements.The terms for advertising are, when over seven lines, 7 cents per line for first insertion, and 3 cents per line for each subsequent insertion.Jdoertisements not exceeding three limes, twenty-five oats each insertion, in advance.On necount of the line of the Witness boing longer, aad the advertisements being set up close, in the Baglish fashion, the same advertisement will cost considerably less in the Witness than in any ordinary paper, while it will be more distinctly seen.No advertisements can be inserted of a character ln-