The Montreal witness, 27 juillet 1864, mercredi 27 juillet 1864

[" \u2014\u2014 \u2014 ~ COMMERCIAL REVIEW AND FAMILY NEWSPAPER.Vou.XIX MONTREAL WEDNESDAY, JULY 27, 1864.No.68, THB BURNIR HABEAS OORPUB, À brief notice of tbe application made by Mr.Devlin before tbe Hon, Mr, Justice Aylwin Appeared in these columns previous.Sabjoined be found the deposition of William Burnie the engine driver together with other portions of the proceedings before Judge Aylwin, Mr Devlin on making application submitted & copy of the commitment of the coroner together with the following deposition of Burnie sworn to by hin before Judge Aylwin.BURNING TORY.My name is William Burne, 1 was born in Glasgow, Scotland, in1838 and saccompanied my mother to Oanads, when I wa about eight of age, tince which time I have resided in icbmond.In November 1856 I entered the employment of the Grand Trunk Railway Company of Canada, as cleaner of engines, and in this capacity I continued to act for a period of two years or thereabout ; after which I was ap pointed night watchmas, a duty which I performed, as nesrly as I can remember, three years and ahalf; at the expiration of which time I was appointed fireman upon a Pilot Eogine, und was almost exclusively engaged in this latter capacity up to the eighteenth day of June last, sssisting the traing between Acton and Durbam stations upon tbe Richmond Rosd.During that time I was paid the wages of a second-class fireman.Upon the 18th of June last I was for the first time placed in charge of a Pilot Engine, which was employed in assisting train: from Bichmond to Durbam.Ou or sbout the 25th of June last, I was notified by Thomas King, Locomotive foreman, at Richmond, that | would be required to runs special train, loaded with immigrants, the arrival of which was immediately expected from Quebec; and that I should take charga of the said charge at Richmond and then run it to Montreal.I thereupon protested against doing so, 281 did not know the road, and was answered by King that he could not help it, as be bad no other one to send.In the meantime, Engine No.145, of which W.Miller was driver, arrived from Sherbrooke, and I was relieved from taking charge of the train in question, Miller baving o boon substituted for me.Afterwards, and on the 28th day of said mouth of June, I was again notified by King tkat an Emigrant train would arrive on the evening of that day at Richmond and that I must run it from there to Montreal, taking with me for this purpose the Pilot Engine.Finding that I mast either go as directed, or lose my situation, I did not offer any farther remonstrance ; but told tbe said King, upon re- eeiving his orders, that the pistons of the sald Pilot Engice should be examined before leaving as they were in bad order.King lold me to put tbe engins on the pit and get ber examined.Therefore I proceeded to the workshop at Richmond for this purpose, but found that all the bands en there had left, as I undez- stood, for the purpose of seing a circus performance which was then going ou at Rich mond, sud in consequence, the examination of the pistons did not take place.About balf-pas: nine o'clock in the evening, the emigrant train arrived.Thomas King was uot then present, be having as I understood, previously gone to the eveniug performance of thé cirous.In accordance with grders, I left with the said train, and with the pilot engine.The train consisted of eleven or twelve cars, exclusive of the tender and engine, I had with me, belonging to the Qompany, one conductor, one boy, who had been a fireman of seven or eight daye\u2019 experience, but who in reality was a cleaner taken from the shop at Richmond, to sct as fireman for this occasion - and who had never been over the road before as fireman, and one brakesman.When I reach Acton, the brakesman Giroux came on the engine to sbow me the way, and several times when ! was between St Hyacinthe and St Hilaire, I was obliged to ask bim where \u2018we were, At St.Hilaire we took in wood and water, and after à few minutes started.Before doing so, the conductor came on board the engine, and sent Giroux the brakesman to trim the tall lamp, suspended from the end of the rear car, sayiog that he would remain with me to show me the way, and give me such directions an J needed.I think it was about twenty minutes past one o'clock 8 m., when we left St.Hilaire and just as we were getting on tbe bridge over the Richelieu River at Belosil, I looked along the train to ses how it was coming round the curve, which is met with immediately before reaching the bridge.In an instant after this, 1 saw the danger signal which appeare.to me to be on that side of the bridge opposite to me.1 whistled at once, without a moment's delay for the brakes to be put on.I used every effort in my power to reverse ihe engine and to stop the train, and did in fact reverse the engine, but unfortunately without succeeding in stopping the train, When [ whistled for the brakes to be put oo, I have no doubt that if they had been applied withoutdelay,the accidentwbich took placewonld not have occurred.The only brakes which could have been used for the purpose were attached to the rear car, and were within the resch of Gle roux the brakesman only, who did aot apply thew as by me called for, The brake on the tender of tbe engine was broken and entirely useless.1 had therefore no assistance rendered me for the sioppege of the said traia.\u2018The moment, bow- ever, that the conductor saw the danger sigosl, be, without saying s word, jumped from the engine to the tender, and thenre to the top of the rat oar with a view of getting 10 the brakes by running over the top of the cars, bat be did not succeed, therefore, as I bare al.y no brakes were applied a3 they should have been, however, stuok to my engine and went down with her when she fll from the bridge into the Richelieu River owing to the Swing bridge being open 1 struck the bottor of the River and was severe! hurt ia the 3ids, in the leg, sud cat on {be bead How 1 sssapell or was rescued 1 know not; but 1 solemnly swear that 1 was on the engine to the last moment, and did not jump off nor at tempt to jump off.When I found myself on tbe Belœil side of the bridge my clothes were saturated with water ; I was bleeding profusely, and afterwards bad my wound dressed by a doctor and obtained s change of clothing.Of the existence of the Draw bridge I was utterly ignorant, and supposed that if I suceeed- ed in stopping the train befors passing the danger signal, that all would be right.The place of danger was however between me and The signal, a fact of which I was also entirely ignorant.To the best of my recollection I went over the road once before the accident in question, as firemau, and io summer.For the safety of the train there should at least have been two brakes- men.There was butone.There should also have beeu a bell rope used, but there was none on this train.There should bave been on the tender a good brake; that which was there was not good, on the contrary, it was utterly useless.The engine was slew out of repair.The flanges on the trail wheel were worn to a ebarp point which made ber more unmanageable and dangerous.It was wore difficult to stop her than other engines, for the reason 1hat the steam blew through her, and did not produce the same effect that it would otherwise would; or, in other words, by the blowing of the steam through her the power to check her speed was greatly diminished.This defect was to the bad condition of her pictons.I also 6wear that I did not know of any rule requiring me to stop at the bridge, and that I never received a Rule Book from the Company or from any of its officers.The night 1 left with the train I borrowed a time table from the night watchman, Wil lism Aimes, at Richmond, Whilst [ bitterly deplore the sad losa of life, that had occurred, 1 state positively that 1 exercised all the skill and knowledge which I possessed in the management of my engine, and that with the means at my disposal, I used every effort in my power to stop the train from the very mome t I observed the danger signel.And I further state that the night I left Richmond with the aaid train, there were two engine drivers, Martin Wakefield, and William Haggart, either of whom could have been sent in my place.They bave been engine drivers for several years, whilst I had not more than eleven days experi- euce ln that capacity, previous to the melancholy accident in question.Mr, Devlln begged to preséht on behalf of William Burney now a prisoner confined in the common gaol under the warrant of the Coroner, A petition for a writ of Acabeas corpus with the object of Shtaining his release upon bail to await his trial.The application be firmly believed was fully warranted by the circumstances under which ft was made as in bis Mr.Deviin\u2019s opinion the evidence adduced before the coroner and which,after all could only le regarded as sn ex- parte account of the sad sud melancholy loss of life which occurred disclosed the fact that Bur- nie was guiltless, of the crime Jmparted to him.Mr.Devlin, carefully examined the testimony upon which it was sought to bold his client liable sud be had no besitation in expressing it as his opinion that the finding of the coroner's jui y such #3 it wage did not meet the exigencies of the case snd utterly falls to throw the respousibility of the act upon the shoulders of those who should be msde to bear the burden.The fact was it could scarcely be regarded asa Verdict and seemed more like an ex- cuss for the exculpation of guilt then the result of à searchivg enquiry into the acts of wrong doers, Nr Devlin thea proceeded to discuss the evidence and argued that bis client did everything in his power to avert the catastrophe that had occurred, and would have succeeded had à sufficient number of Brakesmen been at their posts as they ought to bave besn to obey his orders.He also dwelt strongly upon the fact that the Eogine was out of order and could not be managed with the required facility.Burney he said clung to his Engine to the last moment and went down with her, thus showing 1bat notwith- tandin g the imminence of the danger be nevar for an instant deserted his post.It was true he was saved but equally certain was it that it was by no effort of bis that his safety was brought about.Under all the circametances with which bis Honor was now familier he Mr Devlin boped that the prayer of the Petition would be granted and that Burnie would,be admitted to bail ; and be hed no hesitation in saying that when the day of trial come be would establish the allegations contained In bis clients nfidavit and prove to the satisfaction of Judge and Jury (bat Wil- lism Burnie was tbe victim and not the criminal.Mr.Johoson, Q.O,ia resisting the application sald every one must of course feel deeply distressed at the painful situation in which the prisoner stood ; but this consideration must not deter them from addressiog themselves iu à direct manner to the actual and legal position be occupied.That position was one of & man under accueation by inquisition of a coroner, of voludtary homicide whesher effected by su act of commission or omission mattered oot.In dealing with the question of bail, the pra-:106 be said was different in cases of homicide from that in all otter onses, Homicide was never bailed except it were in the power of the prisoner to make out m case of clear justification, His learnad friend had alloded to the criminal conduct of others as tendiog to shield the prisoner from the uences of bis owo acte His, Mr Johnson's duty was not to ehleld criminels ; but to bring them to Justice, and be should at the proper tims be pre- ured to deal with all auch to the best of bis udgment ; but at present they had merely to consider the case of Burnie himself, and he couid not perceive that by undertakings duty which be sald hinuself be was unfit ba esempted himself form the direct responsibility of having voluntarily done an act resulting in homicide, The peossedings having bess postpened wastil the Coroner should fyla the indenture of inquisl- tion, on Thursday morning at 1] o\u2019elock the parties again appeared before Judge Aylwin when be gave the following Juparaey, Mr.Justice Aylwin ssid.\u2014After the .moat careful consideration bestowed upon all the facts connected with this application and the finding of the Coroner's Jury be felt it to be his duty to refuse the petition, The charge against the pri- doner was & most serious ons ; a terrible loss of lifs bad taken place almost at our very doors end however much the circumstances so minutely detailed in the prisoner's affidavit might affect bis punishment in the event of his conviction, he could not sow accept that explanation as a refutation of the crime ofwhich he stood accused.He would however have his day when the fullest opportunity would be afforded to bim to lay before a Jury of bis country all the facts and circumstances which might operate In his favor, But until that dey arrived, not now far distant, he muet remain in confinement.Mach bad been said of bis affidavit but the learned counsel who represents the prisoner knew well that it cannot be received as evidence in Lis favor At the same time he (the Judge) could not help remarking that it was well to produce that affidavit.It contained a very clear sud apparently candid bistory of the entire transaction and most certainly disclosed 8 most extraordioary state of things.Burnie by his own showing did not know the road he should therefore rather have forfeited his place than for the sake of keeping it undertake to do that which be knew himself incapable of doing.This bow- ever was not the proper time for discussing his liability on accountability ss to the remarks made of the supposed criminality of other parties be the judge would see that at the proper time the law was enforced against every man who waa within the jurisdiction of the court and who ought to be mude to answer for bis sharer in the distraction of so many valuable lives, Petition refused.THE BELŒIL BRIDGE ACOIDENT.\u2014 SETTLEMENT WITH THE INJURED IMMIGRANTS, On Friday the Governmrnt Commissioners agxio sat for the purpose of facilitating the set- dement between the Grand Trunk Company and the emigrants who received injuries by the late sccident.Mesars, J.H.Daley and Jorgensen were present as Government Commissioners ; Meesrs, Hickson and Shakell represented the Grand Trunk Company ; and Messrs.Meyer and Toste were present ss interpreters.The dif ferent National Societies were represented as fol- lowe The German Society, by Messrs, Lomer an negon | e >, Ur.Becket the Irish Proatiat booties by Gaule; the St.Patrick's Society by Mr, 0, J, Devlin, the St.Georges Society, by Me.Turner, and the New England Society, by Mr.Neon.The medical men present were Dra, Beaubien, 8chmids, Scott, and Hingston.The first case examined was (bat of Joseph Kamkurs, a Bobemian, labourer.Dr.Beaublen stated that he lost his wife and one child of fourteen years of age, and was atiil sickly bim- eelf, having a scratch on the eye and some con wualons, one of which was pronounced to be a very bad one, He had spit blood for several days ; but had no inflammation nor broken bones.He is till weak ; but after a short time would be as well as ever, After some little conversation, it was arranged that two children who were at the hospital should be sent for in order to see what claims might be made on their bebalf and 0 settle the whole together, In the meantime, the case of an old man pam.ed Mofl was gone into, He was à German, eighty years of age, and had lost bis wife aged eeventy-three.He was in company with the family of bis eon-indaw, and in spite of his age, appeared a very hearty fellow.Something was suid about his baving lost bis eight from the accident ; but that turned out not to be the case though be was soffering somewhat from cataract, It was agreed that be should bare $335 for the loss of his wife, which be nccepted.The next cate was that of Jobn Kusba, a Bohemian, blacksmith, He had lost a boy of fourtedn years of age, and suffered from a fracture of the arm.He stated that the boy bad worked st bis trade for bis Various estimates were made of the that of the Commissioners being four of the Presidents of the National Sooleties $750; and that of Mr.Lomer $1200.After some conversation, however, the gentlemen re- presentiog the various societies agreed to make «0 unanimous awerd 60 far as they coald do so of $1000.Mr, Hickson said be was willing to give $760, to settle; bat that if the man de- cllned that, he must refer the matter to the Directors of the Company, before doing 60.On the question belog put to him, he said that be would take $1000; but not $750, It was stated that be bad had a letter from friends at Toronte, ad- visting bim pot to accept lees than $1000, and he enid that he feared bis arm would never recover.The doctors, however, seemed 10 bave no doubt of that.This case, therefore, stood over, Jobn Moack, a labourer, appeared with his wife and two children.He and the children had sustained trifling personal injuries, which were estimated by De.Hingston at $30 for blmself, and $20 for the children, His wife, however, bad sustalned very considerable injury, from which bad resulted efasion of blood upon the chest, which the medical men estimated es equivalent to $300, to which was to be added loss of time.Bhe oould not recover sufficiently to do any work for a twelve month, st least, and it was doubtful if she should ever recover.The awards In this case approached much nearer esch other then in the case of Kusbe, the highest among he representatives of the national soctcties putting the compensation at $750, and the lowest Yr) Mr.Hickson sid be was willing to Pay 5745, and no coe making any objection, the i 00 expressed the desire to bave it distinotly man was asked if he would scoept it, and sald yes, if it were the opinion of all the gentismen that be should do so.He scoordingly reosived à cheque for the amount, The case of Joseph Kamkura, who left Germany with his wife and four children, sged respectively 17, 14, 9, and 2 years, was again taken up.The wife and a boy 14 years of age were killed by the accident, and ths remaining members of the family sustained @ variety of injuries, For the personal injuries of the survivors the physicians commanded the sum of $100, and atthe seme time gave their opinion as to the time to elapse before they should be well and in « condition to work.An animated discussion eusued in fixiog the amount of recompense for the loss sustained by the death of tbe wife and the boy.Two of tbe representatives of the National Baocieties contended for $2,000 ; Mr Lomer, President of the German Bociety, for $1480; while the other members of the National Societies as well as the Commissioners them selves thought the sum of $1030 enough to cover all the loss sustained.The discussion was obaracterizad by some warmth and to bring the matter to a termination, as no compromise be tween the conflicting ideas appeared to be practicable, Mr.Hickson offered to pay the man $1250 exclusive of his baggage, which was to have been restored or ite equivalent in money paid over, This proposition was conveyed to the German emigrant by the interpreter, but he expressed a desire to obtain $1500.He at length consented Lo consider the offer of Mr.Hickson, and the case was permitted to lie over a short ume, The case of John Kusbe above related, was again brought up.His claim for $1 000 was acceded to by Mr.Hickson, after a short discussion of the matter, Wilbelm Guttaer, a young German, furrier, who bad bis arm broken, was awarded by the ) physicians, for the injuries sustained by bim, $50, and two months\u2019 weges during the period of his convalesornce.The amount which sbould be paid for this time gave riss to another dis cussion.Mr.Lomer stated that he bad engaged the young man, acd promised bim $8 a week and more if it should appear hereafter tbat be was worth it.He also esid that furriers were which was paid for work done over hours.The sum of $75 was at length agreed upon, and the whole sum, $125, was banded to the furrier in gold.Hels a bright locking young man, snd the misfortune of tumbling through » drawbridge may be the first step towards his fortune.It bas already brooght bim a emall ospital with which to begin his career in this new country, Thomas Satoria, a Bohemian, laborer, together with his wife, daughter, aged 16, little girl hh and an infant child were also among the [TY trian aut claims were the next taféÿPk disseter.Their The physicians estimated the injuries id at $3, the woman at $40, the daughter at $50 ; and the infant, being uninjured, no claim could be made for time.The child thres years old baving received serious Injury to the spice, of the nature of concussion, which it was believed answers given by you to the above, THE ACCIDENT THIS MORNING.(To the Editor of the Daily Wiiness.) Bin, \u2014This morning at about a quarter past seven o'clock, a respectable looking man was killed on the Lachine Rallroad Obatham and Seigueur that entered the city after went out, the name on his cane seemed to be McArthur, between by the first train Lachine train Permit me to ask & few questions of you in connection with the accident, Is it lawful to remove à body from tke place where the accident occurred to the police station, Were the inquest held on or near the place of the accident, à true verdict might be obtained, ne there were beveral eyc-witnesses to the occurrence.Is it lawful to shove long traios of cars abesd of the locomotive, and run at a rapid speed, en tering the city through streets unprotected Rates or watcbmen, without either blowing the whistle or ringing the beil 7 Is it lawiul for our streets to be without gates st the crossings where cars are run 80 quick ?There are sow five streets across which the track runs, the inhabitants of which pay taxes to the City Corporation, and is there no tion to be gives to life or property ?This is the third accident which bas occurred within a few weeks Letween Canning and Seigneur Ste, and there seems to be no redress, and in fact no precaution, in order to prevent such occurrences, peotes- Is there any statute or rule by which the Reilroad Company or their subordinates are to be governed In running the trains when entering the city ?By inserting the above in your widely-ciren- lated paper, and your answer to the above queries, you will much oblige tbe writer and your many resders, and many others, in this locality, who will feel a deep interest in ibe I am, sir, your bumble servant, &o., R.A.Chatham Street, Montreal, July 23, 1864.[Our reporter, who was ox the spot soon after the accident this morning, understood and stated that the whistle and bell were both sounded, but io vain.The writerof the above paid ten to sixteen dollars a week, a portion of says they wore not sounded,\u2014this is & most important point, and we trust the Coroner will have all the facts brought out.He is welcome to the name of our correspondent.If the train was backing rapidly, as stated by R.A, the deceased may bave thought, until too late, that it was going from him instead of coming towards him, Binoe writing the above, we learn, to our un.speakablo astonishment, that the inquest io already over, and the verdiot rendered ezonee- il parties.The question arises, has there =*\"~ any full and proper inquest ?\u2014ED ] (To the Editor tne 5eme, Mosrazaz, Jaly 18, 1864.Bre,\u2014The late catastrophe, I think, Is ouf by some of the physicians would result in death Cleut to correct the Present foroy wise and lameness through life, the lower extremitira be- to decide the smount of the child\u2019s claim and the | © beet manner of making the payment.Tbe phy- siciane could not name any emouot for the per- soual injury received by ber, as ite consequences were yet so doubtful.It was at length decided upon and agreed to by Mr.Hickman to offer Sa- toria $276 for the personal injuries recetved by bimself and the other members of bis family, and $100 a year during the life of the child for its support, the payment of this sum to cease upon tbe demise of the child or upon ber restoration 10 perfect bealth.After a laborious ¢fort to make 8atoris understand the nature of the pro- aotusily received the $275 in gold; but when the annuity te the child was more fully explain ed, be declined the entire offer, handed back the $375, aud expressed a desire to be paid the principal of the snouity instead of the $100 ennually.This was, of course, impracticable, and the case was permitted to stand over.ence of the Commission on clatms, Mr, Hick.stated to the emigrant that the Company were ready to pay bim the $1350 at once ; but that if the offer were not accepted to-dey be must understand that it would withdrawn, As the interpreter was about to make the state ment to Kamkura, Me.Lomer desired tl rotor to inform bim at the same time that ciety would see that be received at loss: tbat amount.Mr.Daly informed Mr.Lo mer, that be would be required to give a gusrautee thet this would be done before the that he was ready to give Mr.Daly the io writing if necessary.Tbe interpreter made the statement as directed, whereupon the emi grant said he wanted à little more ae tbe sum offered was too small.Mr.Hickson positively |b in à short time, by others that there would be Pound foolish management of your voics on bebalf of the Kimkurs was agsia brought into the pres bave you not cue word to say for the secuted doge?The dog is emphatioall; friend of men.% courage and sagacity, end man bas too often repaid him with gross ingratitude.There cer tainly was a neceesity for lessening the numbes of useless cui without own wholesale slaughter that is being carried on ia Wontreal, ir declined the offer, tbe German Bo- Thess men, armed with a little brief authority, sally forth every morning, and with a seal worthy à better cause, destroy every unoffending avimal they oan ses, They make vo distine- tions\u2014the gallant Newfoundlaod shares the emigrant should be told of it.Mr, Lomer said fate of the veriest barking cur, snd s collar io G T.R Co.I therefore beg to call the immediate atten~ ing useless, snd by another that ultimate recovery ti0n_of the Baperintendents of the Bonaventure would 1ake place; it became a delicate question #24 Tannery Junction Division, to the necessity f placing pates upon, and providing kee, for the following orossinge, which bave di the past year grown up to be great thoi gh- fares, viz, St, Felix Street, Aqueduct Street, and Guy 8 t A stitch ln time saves nine, 1 am yours truly, B.[It will be seen from the date of the above letter that wedid not insert it when received, uot being willing to Iay any blame on tbe G.T.we could belp.The accident which has oecarred today proves, however, that we should have podal, be at frat consentrd to mocept 11, and inserted lt, end that the writer should bave included Seigneur Street.\u2014Ep ] QUESTION.(To the Editor of tha Daily Witnass.) Brm,\u2014As 6 bumens men, you bave lifted op Innocent birds\u2014 pace per.the Many a life be bas saved hig that roam around the streets bat this cannot justify the by the servants of the Oorporstion.guarantee no protection to the poor sufferer.This ivbu- man raid has sent grief [oto many a household in this oit Most families b pet dog\u2014 fondly cbed to them, and they to bim, snd in loss ls mourned ao the loss of friend.declined ob more than $1350, and the matter notblog be done to stop this outregeous raid ?was dropped.\u2014 The Times has incurred the displeasure of Roman Catholics by declining to insert the letters \u201c RIP.\u201d after vamos in the obituary, The ground for the refusal is that those leiters bear a sects lan aspect.\u2014 The Free Church of Sootland bas lately resolved to raise $400,000 for the endowment of sm, respectfully yours, &o., Montreal, July 81, 1864, 1.0.REMARKS, It is most desirable that all dogs should be taxed, and that none should be allowed to go at large except such 89 bave a tax-payiog owner.But brfore tbe police can kill dogs, they are bound, we presume, to give due warning, and to polos out the wey Io which owners of dogs bet Colleges.may preserve them\u2014-say by keeping them {a or = Governor Dallas, with bis wife nod family Bishop Aoderson of Rapert\u2019s Lad, snd Miss If Auderson\u2014slso Ospt, Retallack, ex Miltary it Secretary, jet for Bu in tbe Cavsdiao mail meamebip *\u2018 Hibernisa où Saturday morning, we think, be as illegal as ki cowr.putting collars on them with tbe owners name, such posios bas been given we have not seen Without such notics, killing of dogs must, ibe of borses ce 9 TT te read __ THE MONTREAL WITNESS.Jous 27, (864.Contemporary Press.IRISH EMIGRATION.This emig-ation is procesdiog on so large & scale phot has elicited « dircuvsion in Parliament.\u2018The motion of Mr.Honnesay sbows in ia phraseology the deep distress with which tbe country ia suicken.He moved that *this House observes with regret thet the agricultural population of Irland are rapidly leaving the country ; and that this House trusts that her Majesty's Government will direct thelr attention to the subject, with a view of devisiog some means by which the ! ivh sgricultaral population may be induced to devote thelr capital and labour to reproduciive employments at howe.\u201d 1t sounds Like a melsocboly joke to lntroduce the word capital In connection with the Irish labourer.His ouly capital lies in bis bones and sinaws, aud these be is taking to otber lande, where they will be better spprecisted, It was bardly less cruel for Sir Robert Peel to speak in the course of the debate of tbe ** wonderful revival of prosperity of late\u201d in Ireland, with the facts before us which the Emigration merston took the right view of the suhjeot when | be said that emigration was entirely due to theif eman of the coal engine, levelling law which aturasted the popalation all over the couutry to those pluces where they obtained she highest wages and most permevent employment.His Lordship also dwelt upana natural fact, fo wbicb we have more thau once reverted in these colomus\u2014to tbe ahsence in Ireland of cost and isou, #bich will always prevent It from becoming s manufacturing country like England It seems, however, according to the ebowing of the First Minister, tbat the cheapness of labour aorves tbe Channel is at- vacting capitaliste to a small extent, for tbe carrying out of certain manufacturicg processes, but along time must elspse before It can produce any reri .us effect upon tbe chronic deati u- ion of the people.* As lung as the Irish peu- santry can improve their condition, by going to Americs,\u201d said bls Lordship, \u201cit would be va- kind to sttempt to prevent them by Legislative intecference.\u201d \u2014 Eng.Paper.THE NEW CALL FOR TROOPS.The effrvescent enthusiasm that charac- teriz:d popular feeling in the feet atages of the war, bas in 6 grest measure passed away.The Dations! purpuse is now fixsd, stronger aud less demonstrative than formerly.We comprehend the wori, sud bave delibarately settled dowato acgompiish it.The calls for troops are not filled with puch alacrity es at fret, but still tbe ranks of our army are continually beiog replenished from enlisimeuts all over the land.The new cali, issued yosterday, for balf a million additions! volunteurs, will not take the country by surprise.It bus becn expected fur some time, and all who were converssut with sffairs well knew that it was needed, It is true that Sector Wilson caused a deal of mis- spprebensien by statiog, in » epoech just before tbe adjsuroment of Uougrees, that 700,000 volunteers had been called for since the 26th peled op timbers or lrou rods, or turned tender, ery of the scene around bim.curves and awkward tarps, sloog whieh it i more than fifty or sixty yards in advance.miles from Shobold, aud when turoing & pois of one of the abutting hills, bundred and Bfty-eight from Lackawazen.gives and jump off before death was upon them, Prentiss.man before named.The frst oar, of atterly destroyed, being jsmmed, apectata between the platforms to the earth.were immediately killed, save one or two.geons to sttend to the injured.day of May, 186$, aod that all these mn had boon raised, This was a statement which required some ox dsnation.Last October 300,- 400 were callrd for, but.that included all tbe men that had enlisted from the previous Muy, and mostof the quotes wero canceled by \u201c credits\u201d on setilenns wish the Provost Marsbal- General.Ia February of this yoar 500,000 were called fr, but this included tone 800,900 of Oo- teber, and like tbe other, produced but few men.Then in March 200,600 were called for, batm © \\ re.of this call wea caucelod by SRT or three hat verane 120.0 a\u201d hese, It mast be borne in mind, did not add anything to the former strength of the army, as the men merely retaiued their places.The Chicegn Tribune which an.lysed Senator Wilson's s'atements, shows that the whole number of white volanteers from October last to the brgioning of tbis month did rot exceed 2 0,000 mus\u2014exciusive of hundred days\u2019 noops, Becides these, in the tame time, we enlisied aout 50,000 blacks.When we courider the great campaigns which the Army cf th- Esat and the Army of the West bave undertskeu since (bat (imc\u2014when we take into accoun' the costly batilus which have been fought\u2014:be battle of Chat srnogs last November, the twelve battles that have heen funght during Sherman's present advance upon Atlanta, the battles of the Wilderness, Spotteylvuuis, Obicks.Yomiuy and Petersburgh \u2014Woeo we add to the heavy losses in these great encounters the ordi- wary mortality thai is conetanily tbioning out mame of men, the fect will appear evident Lo all reacting minds that our army must necessarily by this time require » large increase for the mortally \u2014indend, four have since died, and fn command of the men, snd au foquesthglliicrs aud the railway em Tics, 16 feat long, 8 feet wide, and 6 foe Tbe wounded were conveyed as scon as pos bot hood, gratetal N.Y.Tribune.THE \u201c CANADA FARMER.The July number of the Canada Farmer Some of the corpses were ehookingly mutilated, bodies transfizcd, im- taught.\u2018Tbe mule bas one faalt; ee ary or iro ete be he stable six weeks without use, be requires to good tween tbe colliding beams, while ore frog iscor .i a : re Youth bone.end pas roc.gence ls greater.He may be sustained on Throughout the whole of the distance, and for some mile fastber on, the railrosd rons up far they seem to be equally valaable at any age.the valley of the D laware, and is full of sharp Dickens driver to see ofen impossible for tbe engine driver Tt greater than tht of a good farm But this was along this plece of the road, about two is soon compensated for in the difference of cost that the train of mules, so intelligent la comprebending eighteen emigrant cars, with its freight of nine kinda of service, sl ule, rusping at the other respects; for if.a mule be rate of twenty-Bve miles an boar, met 8 coal commonest salt hay, and his manger filled ft with each a of twelve tou, \u201ctout me (banderisg down the incline thistles, he will probably eat the thistles first, When tbe traine came in bis bedding next, and the ostsafterwards, unless sight of each other they could pot have been intermediately be should take a notion to leed more than ono buodred yards apart, the driv- (oD bis crib or theside planking of bis stall, ers bot baving time even toreverie their en- i i late be driver of the passenger train, named Wil- boe, through rows of every width.Ata missioners have latrly published.Lord Pal leg Togrem, and\" bis Greman, named Tuttle, visit of a committee of the American Institute being both taken ffiheengine dead, as was the to oar place, the mule Kitty, sixty years old, named Philo carried Toe sbock was tremendous, snd ils results by awful, though fortucately neither of the engines eight laches without treading on & single plant ; lefs the lice, The tender of the passenger engine she moved ber foot parsilel with the ground was turned up on end, the wood for fuel being tbrowo in front, sad buryiag the driver and fire- tee, WAS described it to us, Inia a Space Lesa than bx feet while to complete its demolition, the tender that \u2018 bad been tipped on end fell back on ltaroof.- I: feilisg the best and.largest animals repldly contained thirty seven men, some of whom were deteriorates the breed, There ie à correspond- on the plsifurm at the time of the collision, and ence on * Pig Feeding,\u201d i which 8 Mr.Carter from its wreck thirty-six were taken out dead variety of food, ineludin only one man escapiog with his life by falliog advocates a great 7 0 ! s Three of the cars in all were totally destroyed, sod seven or eight of them so much broken as sto and oatmeal and milk, or barley-mesl and milk, be entirely useless, and it Was in these cars that : .Nes Hamilton the greatest loss of life ocenrred ; for when the at the List; while à Me b, of ; collision took place two Union solBiers wers placed as sentinels at each door on the platforms years, gives the preference to dry peas, or pea- of each car, which were slso occupied by some mes], ns making the firmest pork.of the Rebels beguiling the way by conversation with the sentry.Of the men thus standing all A8 2,00 an possible the survivors set to work under the guidance of the Captain in charge of the body, to extricate the dying and wounded from 1heir fearful position, and, in the mean time, word was sent to Shobola, apprisiog the authorities there of the state of tbipgs, who_im- graphe :\u2014 © mediately telegrapbed for assistance to Port Jirvis, whence, in a short time, ugh Riddle, Fsq, District Superintendent, arrived on the US, writes us to say that be wishes to settle in sceue of disaster in à relief traln, with thres sur- When the cries of the last wounded had directed tha searchers to his place of imprisonment, aud the last corpse removed from its temporary tomb, it was foand that the victims know of aa idle water power, in & suitable locs- numbered sixtsen Union meu and forty-four lity, to sell or rent.Mr.Spence has bad many Rebe'a, dead ; while the wounded numbered one bundred and twenty, some of them wounded number of others cannot be expected to reco: \u20ac ver.J.T.Ridgway, Esq, Associste Judge of that parties who know of a good opening for Pike County, was soon on the spot, and, after ax manufacture, will address our correspondent a consultation with Mr.Riddle aud the officer as abave.deep, in which the bodies were at once interred in bozes hastily constructed\u2014one being allotted 10 four Rebels, and one to each Uaion soldier eible to Shohola, where they met with every attention and aid that surgical skill could suggest and the limited accommodation permit, feom Dre.Apptey, Hardenburg, Cooper, Deborn, Lawrence, aud Walsh, assisted by a number of \u201c ; voluateers from the fohabitants of the neigb- |kKDowa until the Provincial Exhibition, sod it int that I», capable of more resdily Le he is left in be broken again.His memory is not equal to that of the horse, although bis tmam diate intelli- coarser food, with less expense for harness, shoeing, eto.No one ever asks the age of a mule, tells us, \u2018tbat sailors with white tops boots, and desd mules, are never seen.\u2019 The ordinary cost of & fice mule is much t [of the koep.It is dificult to understand why new uld be so deficient in some bedded with the with good osts, uoderlaid with a halt peck of * A male may be taught to drags carzot- weeder, No.0.Jifilog sub-soil plough, ors horse ub-soil lifter through rowa of celery plants, planted twelve inches apart, which, their growth had reduced tbe space to beneath the plants and close to the ourfec: of the ground, placing each in front of the other without difficulty.\u201d rl! An article from Bell's Life, entitled * Horse Breeding in Ireland,\u201d shows that the system of upon 1he droves are scoiloped, and they attain astoniobiog aise.The quesns are marked s deal like the workers, but much brighter, and on account of their aise and colour, ate very easily found in 6 ewarm.The bees are almost transparent when the sun shies on them, and when bred in comb of theis own building are larger than when bred in comb of common be: as their own cells are larger.I have prove beyond a doubt to my mind that they will gather from obe-third to one-balf more honey than common bees.It is sald of them that they will twice as much, but I caly give them credit Jor superiority over the common ones, in 80 far as I bave proved from practical observation.\u2014 They soem to gain the most on common bees in the later part of the season.It is said they can gatber boney trom red clover.[ave not paid attention to this quality in them, and therefore annot speak of is from my own knowledge \u2014 Some of my nelghbours have to'd me that they have seen Hen gathering honey from it ; if 60, this wili acoount in a great measure for their getheriog more boney than common bees.They are extremely amiable, as uoprovoked they never sting.There is one trait ip their character which I do not admire much, although it proves their superiority, and that is their propensity for stealing; if there isa hive of common bees near that are weak they are almost sure to be robbed, and on tbe other band, common bees find it uveless attempting to rob Iisliaos, aa they can repel three to one.My experience with them iv, they are superior in every way to common bees.1 will be able, if ailis well, to bave quite a uumber of queens to sell next summer, and may bave a few this fall.I sak four dollars each, sud will goaraniee their purity and safe arrival as far es they osu be carried by express.Al) beech nuts, beas-stalks, and Swedish taroips, in the earlier part of the process of breeding; who has been fatteniog pork for \u201cbacon for In the Dairy department, there are selected articles on * Cbeese-making,\u201d \u201cFine Cows,\u201d and * À convepient Milk Pail.\" The correspondence is interesting, extracts beiog given from twenty five letters, With remarks or replies.We copy one of these para- Ax Isresnimo Frax Masvriorouss.\u2014 Mr.James Spence, of Frye Village, Andover, Mass, some good locality in Cauads, where be can commence the manufacture of flax, with the prospect of doing a good business.He thioks of starting scutching, heckling, spinning, twisting, apd weaviog machinery, and desires to years' experience in this business, in tbe old country and in the U.8.Desirous of encour: g- & ing such settlers to make their way to Canada, we thua give publicity to bis wiches, in tho bope Meantime, sdvina tn Mr Rp frig tnd gris nee ality for himself, He »_ as VUS arret RE rench will, we think, bave no d.ficulty in findiog one - to meet bis views, for the flax trade in Canads t is capable of indefinite expansion, The Provincial mowing machine match came off on the 8th Jaly, on the farm of James Logie, B1q., West Flamboro', when four siogle mowing machines and 12 combined mowers and reapers competed.The editor who was on the ground ays :\u2014 The award of the judges is not to be made Is needless to try to anticipate it, Buffice it to The ladies of the vicinity also were uowearied 967 that scythe mowingin Osuada is evidently in rendering thoss kind cffices wbich womanly Weli-nigh obaclete, that a large number of tenderness alone knows how to bestow, besides brioglog soups, jelilen, and other delicacies so to the parched and fevered patient \u2014 g machines capable of doiog good execu- now being mavufactured, snd that edly no man will waste his money who baye any one of the macbioes that were an exbibition atthe recent match.Icis very plain, however, that Ball's Oblo, both se a single and combined machine is a favorite boib with is makers and purchasers, six out of the sixteen machines exbibited, being of thet pattern.If replete with valuable informstion, largely of we were obliged to give en opinion on the tome supply.The feat article \u201c Oa Draining\u201d merits of the several machine simply as mowers, is Dustrated with pictures showing how little Wo should be somewhat pussied which of the farther prosecutivn of the great campaigns now way down tho roots of 8 plant penetrate In ia progress.\u2014N.¥.Times, TERRIBLE COLLISION ON THE BRIE RAILROAD.Sadly familiar us the Inst three years have rendereé tbe country end the publie with tales of dlood,ocenes cf siaugb'er,snd tbe accumulst- ed borrors of the battlefield, we are not yet so civil .Ove of these terrible catastrophes, the most terrible that bas bappened in va couatrs for some years took plice on Frl'A> morning last, when tba gr-ve was sgaln opened to recuive à hecatomb of human lite, cff:red at theskriue of mansgeriet ins ficiency and rabor dinate reck- patch of 833 Rebs! priscrare left Poiot Lookout under the charge of 125 Uniop soldiers, They esfely arrived at New York on the 14:b, and ioft Jersey City 8+ 8 am on ths moroiog of the 15th en route for Blmirs, New York, whither they had bean ordered to proceed.Al! went well, aud the convoy resched Port Jervis io the best of splits.At Puri Jervis the double track of the Bele Railroad ends, sod for the next twenty-four or twenty-five miles the road is but a sivgle track to Lacks- wazen Juvelion, with oceastonal lengths of) ble track where the mature of the road permite.The aceve in described by those who es metyods of constructing dralne.yeat niostly selected.The certson of the number is à good picture weed to them as to feel unmoved when, on a of South Down \u2018Wetbers, illustratlog an article smaller sowle, tome festful tiilrond Catastrophe, on this famous bresd of sheep, This is followed brings thera 10 us face tu face amid the quistof fe.| head\u201d of sbeep, Next we have the conclusiol 10f & pris corny on * Rearing Oalves,\u201d and then leroness.It 2peare that on the 13:h lostant a tbe following communication respecting mules : .MULES.1 our thanks, mule cults of various 8, jhe will come over snd show Lis stock : \u2014 | \u201cMules have mauy advantages over the horse | penses, | disenses of cintion ia value.w mont appalling, the road blocked up with de- Place siaty years of age, aud perfectly sotive, bris, Car piled upon car iu the most lodescrib- able confusion, tbe bodiss of those thrown from them covering the road at svory step, the bet hut in, dust aad bliodiog emoke fe the quen: El ob ee sé re 4 the injered and expiriog Er of \u201cThe charge of stubbornsess ro often made found ia the Bouth.The queens ate la damp soil, and how far they get down when tbe and 8, and Osyuga Ohie£.Bat same soil bas been anderdrained, Also, various all were good, and we congretal Respecting of Canada on the opportunity they have of bay making, mowing, and harvesting, there are of courss many articles at this season of the by a jetter from the celebrated Shesp Master, Jobn Sell, tof Fémanton, on a new disease among twas, and anotber from Mark Dyer, Gore of Londuu, giving a cure for \u2018 grub in the | M.W.Heary, of Rockton, Il, sends vs the following article on mules, for which he has | He Is Jergelr engaged in mule \\breediag, aod says if the Provincial Agricultural Associailon will give prises for Jacks, jennies, , aud etched pairs, they cost one-third leas for foed and other ex.Ino D work eatller in the mornlog An They are not subject to many of the the horse, bave much greater power of endurance, live Lo greater age, without depre- Wo now have a mule at our following four to place first, two Ball's Obio Combined, Not \u2014Ob.o Janlor, respectively 7 e bave said, the farmers selecting from so excellent an assortment of well-made machines.\u201d \u201c Weather and Crop Items\u201d occupy rearly à Page.In the Bee department this number is very rich.Dr, George Duncan, of Embro, C.W., in en interesting letier gives a decided preference to the \"movable comb-observing bsebive,\u201d by which ho secures one strong swarm in « year and no more, thus producivg more honey snd preserving the bees in far better condition through the winter than when two, three, or four swarms are permitted.The following letter on Italian Bees we must give io fall on account of its importance := CHARACTERISTICS OF ITALIAN BERN, [To the Editor of the Canada Farmer.] Sim, \u2014Agreeably to your rr quest, fa last num- bor of the Canada Farmer, regarding Italian bees, I would state that the result of my experience with them is, thelr dieposition to labour far exceeds that of the common bee ; the) som wor] later in the evening, and on a day, when the comnion kind are not to be seen, they are at work.It seems they prefer 8 Northern clime, for in their native country it ia sald they are only found in the North, while the common bese we r an againet the mule, Is entirely des to the fact more prolific than common ones, and sre inclined horse and baz a capacity to know it.mules are as well cared for as horses, they are ad of a light cbrome-yellow colour, kind, will stand greater pions and bod ik the horse, and Sagres immediately bebiod the wiagr.W be is generally move roughly used then the to swarm oftener and earlier.The Italian bee When diffars from the common tu being larger, th light mstooe Ooloured wings and two orange girths g boss ns well as drones are thus marked, the girthe orders will be filled as fast as possible.Mirickville, 0.W, H.Bowosx, There are letters from Canadien farmers on \u201cHow to Groom a Horse,\u201d and * Murraln fn Oattle.\u201d In the Horticultural department, we find an article on © Mushrooms,\" * Rural Cemeteries,\u201d \u201cHow to Keep Apples\u201d \u201cGrapes Culture,\u201d tt The Fruit Orop in the County of Lincoln,\u201d \u201cOn Piantiog and Pruning.\u201d The Botomological department bas articles on Insécts and the methods of destroying them.The Household department bas some valuable Recipes.The Poultry department has su article in praise of a French breed of fowls called Crève Cœur.There are notes of an Agricultaral Tour by Professor Bushland, &c., &3., &o.,and other paragraphs, advertisements, &c.FROM A PEDESTRIAN EDITOR IN THE EASTERN TOWNSHIPS, Sumazsooxs, July 18.EDUCATION, My former poregrinations were in the district of Bedford.1 have since seen some portion of this Distriot of Bt.Francis.The babits and manners of the people in all the border country, are very much formed ou the Ame:lean model.They trace their linesgs, and with It bave pata- ce | rally drawn thelr langusge, their modes of life, their ingenuity sud enterprise, In a great meas ure from the United States.This is noticeable in the Bedford District, and I think still more so in the Southwestern part of this, where there are villages and neighbourhoods which might for all outward appeerance, bave been transported from tbe centre of Vermont\u20141 must not specify which, for though many might be pleased by the comparison, thers are, I am assured, on impartial authority, n larger number who would take umbrage, because being born in Canada, they oeitber know, nor seek to koow, a better land than their own.Uatil lately they have been dependent for the higber branches of education, «lmost entirely on the United States, and as they are really an inteliigent, and ss a whole, an educated people, much credit is due both to the American gradustes, who bave filled the position of scademy teachers here, and to the thirst for knowledge which has sont so many of tbe youtb to seek à college traloiog at Harvard, Dartmouth apd Yale.Formerly all who went to college went to the United States, but now that railways have begun to bridge the mighty Freoch wilderness, which divides from Montreal the fairest part of Oavade, our own University is on sll bande looked forward to by tbe young wbo here, ten times more than in Montreal, ap- reciate the value of a schooled intellect.Of te MoGill College bas been to a great extent, supplied with students in arts from the townships, and the position they have slways beld there, says much far the solidity of their previous tralolng, which was, I believe, in most cases, dependent on Americans, chiefiy Burlington gredustes.But why should these country men press more eagerly to the seat of learning than the youth of the city?[vis not the gentility of education, for tLey know no gentility bat honeet worth.lt may be said that there is natural repugnance to tbe hard work of farming, the only alternative in the country, while tbe city boy looks forward with pleasure to the excitement of bis father's mercantile occupation.This will not meet the case of those who enter the faculty of aris, course not required of professional s'udente, and not likely to be entered ou through lazness, It is sought fur Lis own sske, and many do not eves choose & pro- feesion until after their preliminary course.1 tblak the true explanation of the phenomenon, sitbough it mey surprise some, is simply this : The youth in the country sppreoiate education more because their fathers, or at lesst those with whom they have the opportunity of mingling, ars better educated.If there are but few educated merchants in town if busineses bss been conducted and brought opulence to men who could but read ad write, what is there likely to be in the ordivary con- veraation which surrounds them to indnoe boys of the same class to think of golug to college, however much the parents\u2019 judgment may lean toeucha course Ÿ In thé country, on the other band, there is always the minister, tbe doctor, the lawyer, or some one to recount past efforts and triomphe a college, and generally the fame of & sohool-mate whose name has #000 abrend over the country as that of the succeesfal competitor for some college honor.There Is another diffrence, bil we must tread onrefully on delicate ground ; I think there are some schools in the townships where the thirst for lesraing inersases with what it feeds on more than at the mos: of schuols ia Montreal.The teschers sto often mon fresh and entbusi- sstlo from their own college course, sad their alm is to awaken the intellect under them to a kindred entbusiesm.Common education seems to be well provided for bere.One seldom walks more than two miles in the well peopled parts without passing a school house,\u2014almost every village has in addition its academy, which, perhaps, aspires to the preps rasion of young men for the mioistry, or the supplying of a much needed boarding sobgol for city children, and often flourishes for a year of two tbe names of n large siaff of teachers.There is no lack of academies, although there is often lack of teschers or scholars.- Here at Sherbrooke there is an excellent building, but, probably, owing to the proximity of the very \u20ac t school at Leanoxrille it bas proved uosa: There is also @ Univecaity at Lennoxville, a4 every one kuowe; it conferred, I believe, two regular bachelors degrees at I's recent sonve- cation, and has done something to scattee.yol- versity bonours among the maguates of our land.RELIGION, The religious state of this eountey bas of late been the subject of some comment.Those who have gone out year after year mournfally sowing seed in stony places, bave spoken sadly of the slowness of ita germination.Those who go into new land have so many loge to roli, and stumps to draw, that they progress slowly, but they are doing à wotk for all time nevertheless; and the agents of Societies do certainly fiud out wofully neglected spots.It does pot, perhaps, become » pedestrian editor to bave an opinion on such subjects as the state of religion; but, were I wked, [think my testimony would very much spree with those who have said that there is in all this district a most lamentable carelessness concerning religion,\u2014nay, I agree with them still further when they say that hardly any pla in cliy or country, ls much better.It may wi make the earnest servants of God sick at heart to see in its undecorated plainness the wofui stupor in which men sleep, even under the sound of the blessed gospel, \u2014the uulvereal intelligence, extending even to the Catholic, who ate often as good critics of the Protestant pastors, as Protestants themselves, joined to the most unconquerable unconcern.This sad apathy is all the more evident in places where, through the tem- co reform, drunkenness has ceased to be what itis in tbe city end elsewbere\u2014the one besetting ein of the people.The people here are kind-bearted, and always treat the subject of religion with great politenees, They receive a tract with a respectful \u201cthank-you.\u201d Almost the only refueals we bave known, having been in the case of some French children ; and by two clergymen in very loog coats, who tookred as if they thought the tracts were being offered to the back of their seat in the cars.Some disre the messsge which these tracts carry ; but itis certain that many read them, and that some are profited, There are those slso to whose bearta they are a sure passport, who have long ago received tho messmge which they all contain.\u2018There are at times In these regions grest later- sectarian quatreliinge, and a constent under- carrent of hard feeling between devominations, which, whatever may be its origin, does no bon- our to the cause of the Redeemer.Each town and village bas its own version of almost the eame story, with two sides to it.Would it were otherwise elsewbere.Let the town or village tha Le without sin first cast a stoney last letter was wrilten from Georgevill on Lake Memphremsgeg.Since then, Î have walked thence to Siausctend, and from thers cows to this old town ; and haviog made but short stoppages, little remaios to be spoken ot.but the scenery which, on this side of tbe Lake, 18 perbaps sill more varied and interesting than thet already described.A mile or two from Georgeville, on the Staetesd road, we had behind us ons of the finest ecemes iu this country.With the Owl's Head at one end, and Orford at tbe otber, the valley in which the lake lies reminds one strongly of some views on the borders of the Scottish Highlands ; there are certainly few mors striking, Psssing ona little further, we find ourselves on tbe brow of a bigh Lill overlooking Bae tragk of Stanstead County, in the bottom of which lies Fitch Bay, an arm of the Juke.Guing by Sioitb'e Mills, the sbortest and Éuest pedestriau route, thare is & succession of such views, aod around Stan- stead itaalf are sowe most excellent landscapes, The scenery on the fret part of the way bitber was aloo very good,\u2014 Bs whole character of this side of the lake being bold and much veried.At the village of Msssawippi thé lake of the same name opened on us.\u2014 Altbough ii is a large sheet of water, it is almost bidden from the mountains on the other side by hills running slong the North-Western side of it.There is nothing d about this lake, bat it might afford charming sites for country seats, being only s fow miles from the Grand Trunk at Waterville, STARSTAAD, LENKOXVILLE, SERABEOOKS.Stanstead is a very flourishing and growin village, besutiful ia situation, sotive i trade with some very flue residences, and biddiog faie to be the rat place ia the Townships.\u2014 Lennoxville is very finely situsted with ite University and school bulidings altbough built of briek a most plensiog pile situated st the confluence of tbe Massawippi and the Bt, Fravcls, Sherbrooke ts however the most beau- tifal spot in Caneda, Here the Magog river tumbles the waters of the lake loto the Bt.Fran.cls smid the most lovely sylvan scenes, yet in the very heart of the town.Facteriea are everywhere, yet none are unsightly.\u2014 At the lower end of the town s long view is obteined down the valley of the Gt.Francis, a most enchanting prospect which is daily en- jayed from many & Window, The town is on both sides of the Bi Francis and of considerable size, and bas to 8 greater degree than most laces the respectability of dinginess showing iteslf here and there, proviog thet the place attained some size a long time ago.There is aloo the ¢quable mixtare of French snd Eoglish inhabiteats, which seems to impart bolh etrengtband good morality to » piace, A certalu style ie also observed beresbouts which teems to olaim @ Britleh connection rather than American, and which will doubtless t0 @ certain extent, & wall of separation betwesn this place and the district south of it- 1 will mot copes any dosceipiion Fa he maaufactories of ving a HS Pine rte tereated to know thas much of the paper on the Wines ta made re es Peay Logan's paper-mill at this place. -\u2014\u2014\u2014 \u201c Jour 27, 1864.THE MONTREAL WITNESS, 475 the carrly, the Dacwvuno \u2014À boy 18 of amed Hones, Ni Pel We nh ly: Sir,\u2014The dti e _ r 3 AMERICAN VEWE es Le Me.hn serre Samuel Norfolk, ooo of Moe.Eatly Nocfolk, of 1864.Dew: Siro) am autho ned > ep Jemerder, in TE ree oe Phe executor of Willlam T.Barrow has re- coveted $3,150 from the Dlinols Central Rail road y, ns compensation for the life of that an, who was killed whilst travelling in the cars & abort time since.\u2014=The Now York papers state that Charles Mure, à native of Caurda, aged 83 yours, died fn that city où the 25th from the effvete-of poi- eon, which, by mistake, be tack from s bosde that he supposed to contain gin.- À Bosoor or Minms.\u2014Qa the 15h of November next, Columbia College ill of School of Mines, Tois will be a novelty in our City, but Its utility cannot be too strongly as serted.There is no considerable country ex.ospt our owp, which bss not a pcbool applied to mining science.Not even the smellsst States in Europe are deficient fa this sort of instruction.The Imperial School of Mines at Paris is familiaz to Americans, masy of our youth having frequented the lectures given there, although not more than two or three bave ever taken diplomas, and tbe title of Eagineer of Mines from that school.Tbe most celebrated in Germany are the well-known ones of Frelburg, in Saxony, and Clausibsl, in the Earts.Hungary bas à seat of instruction at Schemniiz.England established a Mining Bohoo! in 1851, in connection with the National Musenm of Geology.It was a nocsaity for the development of her East ladis possessions \u2014 This instituted o new selling and career for à large class of ber gentry, Who entered upon it with ardor.A School of Mines sews to be nee- ful to all capitalists, who, when urged to invest in mining operations, are dependent upon the reports of interested parties.À professional miniog engineer is wanted to give an nop-eju- dioed opinion derived from thorough exsmica- tions and soundly scientific avalysis.Dimas.\u2018Waza wass cua Prores Bonn \u2014According to tbe cepwus of 18:0, Ustifornis contsiced a pulation of 370 994.Of this about one-fifth, 707 were born oo ber own soil.Little lers than two-fifths had their birch in foreign lande Ohina gave us the most of any foreign land, about 35,000; Ireland came next, by a shor ic- terval, har sons being aboat 33 000.Germaoy gave birth to 21,000.Tcece were 12,000 Bog lishmen, 8,700 Scotcbmen, 5,500 British Americans, and over 9,000 M-xicans.We are most ourious respecting the composition of our Amer- can-born immigrants.Somewha! more (ban two- fifths of tbe population were born iv some of ove sister States.Did they come from the free or the slave Sta\u2018ee ?From tbe lung dominance of tbe chivalryio cur politics, it might be suppoeed that the mejirity came from the South, But no, Of the 135,000 natives of otber States, only 45 000 came from alave territory, and of these, tbe border Bates, Kentucky, Missouri, Tennessee and Maryleud made up nesrly two- thirds, Of the great loyal born population, counting 11,000, (iu sd ition to 77,000 Cali- forniau natives) New Euglend gsve birth to 33,000, New York 28,600, Onio, 12 600, Peon- sylvanis, 11,000, Tilicois 8,200, Ludiann 4,600.\u2014San Francisco Pacific.Maxi00.\u2014We are enabled to contradiot, on goes authority, the statement tbat bas been sent Mexico through Prench sources, that the republican General, Ursgo, has turoed traitor to his country, and submitted to the intervention.Heo has pot done so, but is at the besd of a respectabie force in the Stats of Jalisco fo the western part of Mexico.Te French assertion that Gen.Doblado had deserted the Repubtio ls also false.Ho commends source at Monterey.The fact is, that nearly sll tbe news from Mexico that comes to us through Frenoh sources isa tssne of falsehoods, a9 bas been smply proved by the history of the last two years.\u2014 N.Y.Times, CANADIAN NEWS, \u2014 The Toronto (lobe states that à man pamed Jeremiah Cahill, deliberately poisoned himself in a disreputable bouse in that city, \u201cwhile talking to one of its iomates, named N-11y Perry.Deceased at the time of committing the rash sct wes considerably under tbe influence of l'quor.He wse about 37 years of bad beso a member of the band of the ¥ 10th als,\u201d and had served for severe] years us à soldier in the 6th Foet.Perry has been arrested pending tbe Quroner's icquest.\u2014On the 11th, a most desttuo''ve bail storm took place at Portage du Fort.Oa & portion of the 5th aud 6ch line of Clarendon, tbe crops were cat to pieces, 50 much 60 thet the farmers ave endeavoring to dispose of tbeir cattle, to enable them to purchase food.Many of the bu.i- stones were over ab ounce in weight The shower lasted only a few mioutes.\u2014 The Owen Sourd Times anys, that on the 13th, à 20 named Patrick Doyle, a bricklayer, stupifed by driuk or incited by som» evil io- flaence, divested bimeelf ot bis cloibiog sad walked into tbe mill po d of Meeirs, Harrison, at Owen Buund, to drown bim: He seemed quite determined in the matter ; and when, the alarm being given, several persons se'ssd him to drag him out, bo resisted their ¢ flora as far as he had consciousness enough to do so.\u2014 The Cobourg World states that an lne- Driate named Hiram Bettes, who resided at Obarlotte, committed suicide om the 11th by esting his throat, Deceased was a widower, and leaves à family of four children.= The Advertiser ttes that two women escaped lately from Guelph gaol, aod have not Jat been deard of, = The loquest on the body of the late Jere.mish Oabill, who died istely in a house of ill fame ia Toronto, was termivated on the 19th.The jury brought in tbe following verdice:\u2014 \u201cThat the said Jeremiah Oabill came to his death from congestion of the brain or spoplexy, enused by very frequent use of poisous adwiois.tered by bis own band\u201d The women arrested were accordingly discharged.=\u2014The Otiawa Union stated that » man named George Tremaine was drowned in the caval, a sbort distance from Louis\u2019 dam; Itsppesrs that the decessed came to look after a stray cow found her to be ou'tbe east side of the canal, but bav- log no means of getting over, stripped off, attempted to swim soross and got drowned.From the fact that where the body was found the canal Ms fall of weeds, 20d that & quentity of weeds were entwined around his feet, it ip presumed they were the cesses of his death, \u2014 The Waterloo (OLE ) Adnrtirer states that on tbe 15th inst., 88 Mr.Charies Page, of Bulion, was driviog along tbe porth shore of Oxford Feu@©with « portion of bin Jemily, ble horse took pond.carried aloog with them, How be :sped, we bear, be is unable to explin.His borses, à valuable matched span, were drowned, Had there been a atout railiog aloog tbe rond et that it is probable that the accident would not ave occurred.\u2014The next regular annual communication of the Grand Lodge of Ancient, Free and Accepted Masons of Canada, will be held in To- tonto, oo the second Wednesday in next July.\u2014 The Brantford Courier states that Mr.| 7 wen 0.Geddes, who hag been Manager of the Bank of Britieh North Americain Brentford, for the past eight or nine years, ls about to be removed to Dundas, to take charge of the Bank in connection with tbe same ingtitution fn that own.\u2014The Hamilton Spectator states that much enthusiasm exists with regard to the ralsing of a regiment of the ine simi ar to the 100th.\u2014 The Toronto Evening Journal bas entered upon ita second volume, \u2014 The Hamilton Times rays thats tax equivalent to 36 cents on the dollar has been imposed by tbe City Council, for the purpose of meeting the ordioary expenses of the city for the carzent half year, snd for paying tbe interest due on the debenture debt iv October next, \u2014 The London, C.W., papers state that His Bxeellency the Governor General bas ratified the proposal to bold a reviuw in that city.\u2014The Quebec Chronicle writes In sanguine terms of the Gaspé Lead Mines\u2019 enterprise.It understands the\u2019 a company bas been formed for the prosecution of the worke, consisting solely of leading Cenndisn merchants and public men, and tbat the Jute proprietor, Mr.Oloster, will act sx superintendent or bueinese manager, .\u2014 The Quelph Advertiser states that the hay crop in the county of Wellington will be rather short of an average, but we do not suppose hay will be much deaser this year than last.\u2014 The Quebec Courrier states tbat, during be last week, some nioeteen youog Oanadiane managed to effect their escape from the Feders] army, snd returned to their homes in Quebec or its vicioity.; Axoruuz Ou, We, Srroox.\u2014On the 15th Nr, Edwiri K-eby etruck a good oil well at Eu- niskilien, a sbort distance from the bridge croseiog the creek fn that village.Tbe depth at which oil was etruck was forty feet.The well is ssid to be likely to prove a psying one, \u2014 Chatham Planet, Tan Wearuer asp tue Orcps.\u2014Tha rain which fell on Sundny and Monday last bas bad » most bep+ ficial ¢F:ct upon the crops in this locality, With the refreshed and renewed healthy appearance of ali kiods of cereals and vegetables, the drooping spirits of the farmers wre revived, Haying bes already commenced, and that crop lovka ex -ellent and will ro doubt prove a bountifol yleld.\u2014 Cobourg Sentinel, July 16, Exrsnsion oF TaR Garar Weeveen Railway, \u2014Tue Hamilton Ævening Times lesrus that this Railway Company is vigorously prosesatiog a survey for « branch lice from Harrisburg to Brantford.The distance between tbe two poiste is only somes seven miles, and the expense of construction will be very trifling in comptrison to tbe advantages to be obtained.Tois branch will give Brantford and the district lying beyond an expeditious outlet to the east; bring Hemilion into close connection with that growiog town : and anpply tbe facilities for commerce between Hamilton and Brantford, so long desited by both.A Laros Fantty.\u2014 Oa the 32th ult a family bicoio was beld on the farm of Mr.Denis Horseman, in the town of Nissouri, at which one bundred and twenty-seven relations were present, There are seme things about this family that sre remarkable.On thelr settle ment io bis country, about forty-five years ago, they bumbered about ten persona; they now spproximate to ove bundred and eighty.Five of their number were present at the picnic, each of them over seventy yesrs of age.Two of the members of tbls family bave held the office of Warden of the county of Oxford, and one of Lhe couoty of Middtes-x ; and several of them are magistrates, What is very remarkable, ia that uot one of the members of 1h's large family bas fallen into the snare of the drankard ; not ove of them bas ever been in prison, and not one of tbym bas ever been cowvi-ted for & criminal breach of the Jaw.Two of the members of thie family are Baptist tlders, severul of them sre Baptist deacons, and a large majority of them «re members of Baptist churches.\u2014Simcos Mos.venger.Hrroise \u2014The Brampton Tivies states that the Rev, Mr, Pickbard, «1 Eequesing, was knocked down lately and fiightiully gored by a bull, and would bave been kitled bud it not been for his little daughter, who seeing tbe dangerous position of her father, bravely stacked the animal with à stout stick, with the thought as she afterwards expressed it, \u201cI'll rick bis killing me too,\u201d and by ber vigorous blows finally succeeded in driving bim away, uci: jared herself, and thus rescued her father from his depgerou position.Duara or B Putas, E-q -Weregret to notice the death, somewhat ruddecly, on the Ath inet of Samuel Peters, E:q, of Grosvenor Lod near London, O0.W.He was one of the pi neers of Western Osnads, aod for wreny years id much attention very successfully to the reeding of superior stock He was a thorough sgriculturist, snd took great interest lo wbet- ever tanded to develope the resources aud increase the wealth of the country.\u2014 Canada Farmer, July.Drownzp \u2014 Os Friday the 8th instaot., an old man named George McGill resrdingin tbe township of Alice, was accidentally drowned while bathing in the Muskrat River, near the house of Mr.Aribur Taylor.\u2014 Pembroke Observer.Mone Fians.\u2014 A fire bas been raging for sev- oral days past in \u201cBleecker's woods,\u201d about two wiles north west oi Brlieville ; several bead of cattle hevo perished in tbe fam: d other roperty bas been destroyed.We are nlso in- lormed tbst tbe woods in the violnity of Obisholm'e Rapide sre on fire to an alarming extent.Tho Madoo Mercury reports extensive fices In the back country, snd a destructive con fi ,gration fersging in the woods of Earnest-town.= Belleville Fodrpandent.* PostronementT cr rue Quazto Rire Marou.lp consequence of tbe tifie metob et Octawe ceming off on tbe 9.b August, tbe annual Quebec matob, which was announesd for tbat day, bap been postponed 10 the?33th.À complew list of the prises to be shot for will by published \u201c1 Srighiyandy barely giviog those om board thes to \u2018va Facoday nort.\u2014Quebse Chronicle, rain is much wanted, Thurlow, was drowned on the 12th inst, in the river Moirs, by falling out of a cance, nesr ths residence of Mr.M, Thrasher, in the 5tb con.of Thutlow.\u2014 Bellewills Intelligencer.TAE WEATHER AND THE CROPS.\u2014Tbe prolooged drought with which this section bas been visited, bas materially affcted the Bpring crops, which will be of a very loferior quality this season, Spring wheat, oats and barley, look bad ; the straw ls short, and the crop light.Turnips, carrots, and otber Beld roots will also be deficfent in the yleld, although in some places they look exceedingly well, The Fall wheat looks good, bes the weevil has made ita sppearsnce in some localities.\u2014 Ottawa Observer, July 14, \u2014Thoe Weather is still oppressively hot, and We had a shower on Monday morning, which, for the time it lasted, was refreshiog, bat it did not last long enough.Spring crops are suffering much in consequence, \u2014Paterboro\u2019 Review, July 15.\u2014 Aug the grain crops approach maturity the reports as to their condition continue to be much wore favorable than was supposed a short time since.On Satardey, Mr W.H Gillance, residing on lot No.26, T:h concession of Markbam, brought a sample of barley to this office, which was sown on the 11th of April, aud cut on Frio day last, Itis freely admitted to be equal to «ny over grown in this or any other country.\u2014 Leader, July 18.\u2014 À beautiful shower of rain d over this place on Sunday evening last, which was speedily drunk in by the thirsty earth, For about fire weeks no rain bad fallen, and everything presented a burnt-up and parched sppear- ance.On Mondey also rain fell, accompanied with bail\u2014not enough, bowever, to do any damage \u2014which bas worked like magic in dispelling the wry faces, which for over a month the farmers in this vicinity have been so accustomed to wear.Some of the grain wes too far gone to receive much good, but to late crops the bevefit will be incalculable.\u2014#tcton Gazette, July 15, Harvesrema.\u2014 The farmers in this section bave commenced harvesting operations, and a large proportion of the rye crop is already prostrated.The yield of this grain ie scarcely denominated fair, but to pronouace the crop a failure would be more of an exaggerstion.Io the townsbip of Ostnden grain generaliy promises poorly ; but little Fall gralo was sown, nod the Spring grain does not average over three or four inches Sn beight, end the disposition to head out on such a body has boen rendered quite sbortive by the drought.In the township of Kingston, where the seil is deeper, the sppear- ances are much better.The hay crop is beliey- ed to be an improvement on last season in most localities.Notwithstanding tbe dolefal acconnte generally received from the country, some allowance for the *¢ croakiog\u201d proclivities of our agricultural friends must be made, and the margin sgeiost the probabilities of famine will doubtless be found quite fair.\u2014 Kingston American, July 18.\u2014\u2014\u2014_prr TELEGRAPHIC NEWS.The Ricbmond Examiner of the 10th says, ail sorts of vehicles are in demand for the conveyance of passengers over the 20 miles of destroyed road, for which each passenger is charged from $50 to $100, Naw Yo uly 21.\u2014.i Nisgars Falls I ea Another dispatch from says :\u2014The commissioners propored that tbe negroes freed by tbe war remain free and that tbe negroes at present slaves remain so.The old doctrine of States rights to be recognized in the recorstruction.Naw Yonx, July 21.\u2014The Times has a two- column article about the pesce negotiations ssid to be going on at Nisgars Fulls and Richmond.Twe wecka ago Geo N.Sanders wrote to Horace Greeley that C.O.Clay, Jacob Thompson, and Holcomb, were duly recognized commissioners of the Oonfederate Government, snd desired to know the terms of peace.He added that they were not authorized to negotiate for n cessation of hostilities, but they would like to have a formel conference.The facts were communicated to President Lincoln, and he advised Greely to act ss be thought proper, sod tbat he (Lincoln) would at ony time be pleased to receive propositions.\u2014 Greely haviog set:led preliminaries with Mr.Lincoln, proceeded to Nisgara, A correspondence was opened with the commissioners, and as a final result, they made the following propositions for the restoration of the Union upon this basis, Ist.All negroes actually freed to be sscured in such freedom, 30d.All at present soldiers to remain so.3:d.War Debt of both parties to be paid by the U.8, 4th.The old dootrive of State rights to be recoguised in the reconstruction, These propositions were laid before the President, who telegraphed, proposing a full and complete restoration of the Union, under cocdittons, æhieh, while reepecliog property righte of loyal wen, afford ample security agaiost avother war, After coneiderable correspondence tbe entire matter wes referred back to both Governments.It is also stated that the commissioners are bolding conference with the leading Democrats, and have prepared a letter for the Obicago Convention, containing strong sssurances of restoration of the Union.The rebel foroe succeeded in reaching Stanton with tbeir plunder,\u2014none been recaptured, Naw Y.ax, 31.\u2014Tbe Commercials Nisgara Falls co::epondent saye, Sanders has loft for Washington, with & proposition to this effect.That if Mr.Lincoln will publish & proclamation of armistice, with 8 call for Convention of all the Bates, the South will agree to it and come tnto the convention.Tbis bot succeeding, it Is understood to be the further object of these high envoys to procure as an siiernative, tbe nomins- tion by the democracy of ez-President Pleroe at Chicago.The Tribune this evening oays : The Zribune of to-morrow will contain more trustworthy loformation in fegerd to the subject ; and then copies the Niagsrs Falls dispatch printed by tbe 7¥mes this morning.Post Wesbington specis] says the 7.30 notes now prioting will be offered at par for subsarip- tion, but will not be paid out to the public oreditors, 21.\u2014The following corrsepon- Boreaso, Jay dence eaplaine itself :\u2014 n Copy.Private and confidential.\u2014Olton Hon, Clement 0.Clay, of Alabama, Professor Jas.B Holcomb, of Virginia, snd Geo.N.Senders, of Dixie,ate ready at once to go to Wesh- ington, upon complete and unqualifed protection belog given either br the President or the Secretary of War.Let the permission inclode the three names ad one other, Very respectfully, (Signed) Guo, N.Saxons.To Hon, H.Greely, Nraoans Fauis, N.Ÿ,, Jaly 17th, 1864.\u2014 Gentlemen, \u2014I am Ioformed that you are duly accredited from Richmond, as the bearers of propositions looking to tbe establisbment of pence; that you desire to visit Washington In the fulfilment of your mission, and thet you further desire that Mr.George N.Binders shall accompany you.If my information be thos far justly correct, I am anthorisd by the Pre.aident of the United States to tender you bia safe con juot on tbe journey proposed, and to accompany you at the earliest time that will be agreeable to you.T have the bonorto be, Gentlemen, yours, Homace Gazecr, Mesers Clement O.Clay, Jacob Thomson, James B.Holcomb, Ctifton House, C.W.Cuirrox House, NtaGara Fairs, 18th July, 1864.\u2014Bir,\u2014We have the honor to ackno=ledge your favor of the 19th inst, which would have been answered on yesterdsy but for the absence of Me, Clay.The safe conduct of the President of the U, S.has been tendered us, we regret to state under some misspprehension of facts.We bava not been accredited from Richmond as the bearers of propositions looking to the establieh- ment of perce.We are, however, in tbe coufi- dentia) employment of our Government, and entirely familiar with ita wisbes and opinions on that sutjact; and we feel autborized to declare, that if the circumetances disclosed in this Gor- rerpondente were communicated to Richmond, we would be at once invested with tbe authority to which your letter refers, two other gentlemen, clothed with full powers, would be immediately sent to Washington, with the view of hastening a consummation so much to be desired and ter- minatiog at the earliest possible moment the calamities of war.\u2018We respectfully tolicit, through your intervention, a safe condact to Washington, and thence by any route which may be Assignd to Richmond.We would be gratified if Mr.George N.Saunders was embraced in this privilege.Permit uy, in conclusion, to acknowledge our obligations to you fur the juterest you bave manifested in the furtherance of our wishes, and to express the hope that in any event you will afford ua the opportunity of tendering them in person before you leave the Falls, We remain, very respectfully, &c., C.0.Crar, Jr, J.P.HoLcown.P.8.\u2014It is proper to add that Mr.Thompson is not here, aod hae not been staying with us since our ecjourn jo Canada InraxsaTionsz Horse, Nisgars Falls, N.Y, July 18th, 1864.Gentlemen,\u20141 have the honor to acknowledge the receipt of yours of this date by the hands of Mr.W.O.Jewett, The state of facts therein presented being materially different from that which was understood to exist by the President when he entrusted me with the safe conduct required, it seems to me, on every account, sdvi- sable that I should communicate with him by telegraph, and solicit fresh instructions, which I ball at once proceed to do.I hope to be able to tranemit tbe result this P.M.; at all events 1 shall do eo at the earliest moment, (Siened,) Homaca Garay.__flifton House, Niagara Filla J Joy 1 io -1864.bave the honor to acfbssa8 NT: Sir, We your uote of thls date by the band£°ePt Of Jewett, and will await the future answer which you propose to send to va.Very respectfully, C.O.Cuar J, P.Hozcomk.International Hotel, Niagara Palle, N Y., 19 \u2014Gentlemen,\u2014At « late bour Jast eveniog, too late for communication with you, I received « despatoh, informing me that further instructions left Washiogten last evening, Wbicb must reach we, if thera be no Interruption, at noon to-morrow, Should you decide to await their arrival I feel confident that they will enable me to answer definitely your note of yesterday.Regrattiog a delay which I am surs you will regard as unavoidable oo my part.I remain yours truly H.Gessur, To the Hon, Messrs.0.C.Olay, and J.P,, Holcomb, Oliften House, 0.W, Olifvon House, July 19.\u20148ir,\u2014Col.Jewett has just handed us your note of this date, ia which you state that further instructions from Washington will feach you by noon to-morrow, if there be no interruption.Oae or poesibly both of us may be obliged to leave the Falls to-day, but will return in time to receive the com munication which you promise to-morrow.We remain very truly yours, J.B.Horcons, O.O.Ozar.se sn answer to the application ia our note of tbe 18th iostant, is couched in the fullowing ris :\u2014 Tbe application to which we refar was elicited by your latierof tbe 17h inst, in which you ioform Mr.J.Thompson aod ourselves that you were authorsed by tbe President of the U.B.to give us bie safe conduet, où the bypo- theals that we were duly accredited from Riche mond as bearers of propositions looking 16 the otablisbment of and devited to visit Wesbipgion in fulfiment of this mission.This assertion, to which we thes gave and still do give entire credence, was accepted by us aa the evidence of sn exptoted, but most gratifyiog cbange in tbe policy of the President, 8 change which we feel auihotized to Lope might terminate In the conclosios of & pesce mutually just, bonorsble snd advaptegecus to the North and to the Souls.Exseting no oonditicn\u2014 but that we should be socredited from Richmond as besrers of proposals locking to the establishment of peace \u2014 bus proffering a basis for conference as comprel.ensive as wo could desire, it seemed to ue that the President had opened a door which bad previeusly been closed agsiost the Confederate States for full interchange of sentiments, free discussion of conflicting opinions, and untremmalied effort to remove all causes of controversy by liberal ne- gociations.We, indeed, could vot claim the benefit of a safe conduct which bad been extend ed to us in a character we Lad no right to assume, and bad never sffected to pouress ; but the uniform declarations of our Execurive and Congress, and their thrice repeated and ofien repulsed attempis to open negocistions, furoish- ed a sufficient pledge that this considerate men- ifestation on the part of the Presidens ot tbe U.8.would be met by them in temper aud equal magnanimity.We bad, therefore, no beei adon in declaring 1bas if thie correspondence were communicated to the President of the Confederate States, he would promptly embrace the opportunity presented for seeking a peaceful 60- lution of this uvhappy strife.We fexl confident you must share our profound regret tbat the spirit which dictated the first step towards peace had pot continued to animate the councils of your President.Had the representatives of the goverement met to consider this question \u2014 the most momentous ever submitted to buman statesmanship\u2014in a temper of becoming moderation and equity, followed, sn their d -libers- tions would bave been, by the prayers sad benedictions of every patriot snd Chi the habitable glube\u2014wbu is there £0 build as to pronouuce that the frightful wate of individual beppinrea and public properity, which is daily aaddeping the universal heart, might not have been termiusted: or if tba de pletion and carnage of war must iil be endured through weary years of blood snd suffering, that there might not at least bave been infused into its conduct sometbing more of the mpirit which softens and partisily sedeems its brurslities.In- stesd of the safe conduct which we solicited, and which your firdt letter gave us every reason to tuppose would be extended for the purpose of initiating negotiation, io which neither government would compromise its rights or ite dignity, a document bas been presented which provokes as much indigoation as surprise, I: bss no fess tare of resemblance to that which wes oviginally offered, and is unlike any paper which ever before emanated from the constitutional executive of a free people; addressed to wbom Îtma concern, it precludes negotiations, and preecribes, in advence, the terms and conditions of peace.It returns to the original policy of not bargaining, po protection, no teuce with rebels, except to bury thelr dead, until every man Juid down bie arme, submitted to goveroment, and sued for percy.What may be the explanation « [bia sud.dent, of this ra Lhsoge io the views of the Presi- ol wal of a ccurisous over- tare for negotiationÿ VAT S 008 ocurs to be accepted.This emphatic recall oPablikely peace just uttered, and fresh blasts of war to the bitter end, we leave for the speculation of those who bave means or inclination to penetrate the sratem of bis cabinet, or fushion the osprice of his imperial will.Ie is enough for us to say that we have no use, whatever, for the paper which hag been placed in our bands.We could not transmit it to the President of the Confederate Staten without offering bim an ivdigrity, dirhonoring ourselves, and incurriog tbe well-meried ecorr of our countrymen.Whilst an ardent desire for peace prevails, the people of the Covfederata States are rejoiced to believe that there are fow, if any, amongst thew who would purchase it at the expense of liberty, bopor and melf respect.Ir it cen be securcd only by their submission to terms of conquest, the geberation ie yet untorm which will witnees its restoration.This corres- pondeuce will not, however, we trust prove wholly barren of good results, If there jo soy citizen of the Confederate States who bes clung to the hope that peace waa posible with the Administration of the Federal Government, & will tlip from bis eyes the last fim of such deln- To Horace Greely, now at the International lotel, Executive Mansion, Washington, July 18,\u2014 To who it may concern.Aby proposition which embraces the restoration of peace, the integrity of the whole Union, and th: don- ment of slavery, and which comes by and with an authority that can control the armies now st war with the United States, will be read and considered by the Ezecutive Government of tbe United States, snd the besrer or bearers here, shall have safe conduct both ways.(Signed) A, Lisçoux, Major Hay would respectfully loguire whether Prof.Holeomb and the gentlemen associsted with bim desire to rend to Wasbiugton by Major Hay any mesesges in reference to the communication detivered to bim yesterday, and, in that cass, when be ma) expect to be favored with such messages.(Signed) Inrenmazionaz Horaz, Thursday, Nr.Holcomb presents bis compliments to Major Hay, and grestiy regrets bis return to Wesbingion.The communication which Me.Holeomb received from bim on yesterday to be delivered to the President of the U, that communication was accepted ns the response to à letter of Messre, Olay and Holcomb to the swer bag been transmitted, 1864.The followiog 1s a copy of the origloa! letter beld by me to deliver to the Hon.Horace Greely, sud which duplieate J now furnish to the As i » Wu O, Jevert.Signed.) u 0.Jn .Carron Hovss, Jely 21,\u2014Hon, Horace Gres- (Signed) Cuirzox Hovss, Thursday, Jaly 31, oblige us by delivering.of you without ex cuuetesy and kin through whom our correpoudenos with Me, Greely bas been conducted, and sssuriog yom that we are, vary respectfully, tion; if there be any whoee hearts buve grown faint under the suffering and egony of this bloody struggle, it will inspire them with fresh energy to endure sod brave whatever may yet be requisite to preserve themselves and their children, all that gives diguity and value to life, or bopé And consolailon to death; and if there be any patriote or Christians ia your land who ebrink appslled from the virtue of private misery and public calsmity wbich stretches before them, we pray that In their bosoms a resolution may be quickened to reclaim tbe abused authority, snd vindicate the outraged civilization of their country.For the solicitude you have manifesed to inaugurate & movement wbich contemplates results the most noble and bumane, we return our sincere thanks, end are most respectfully and truly, Your obedient servants, ©.C.Car J.P.Haroouw, Guirrew Houss, Jaly 20 \u2014To Col.W.Jewett, Ostarsct Houge, Niagara Falls: Sir.\u2014 Weare in receipt of your pote advising us of the departure of Hon.Horace Greely from the Falls; tbat be regrots tbe sad termination of the initistory steps taken for pesce, In consequence of the change made by tbe President in bis instructions to con vey commissioners to Wesbington for negotis- tion unconditional; and that Me.Greely will be pless d to receive any answer we mey have to Hon.H.Greely, snd to that gentleman no an: them, we avail ourselves of this offer to f Ne non men a Totter to Mr.Greely, which you will \u2018We caonot take leave our thaoka ter your rene rd Inf offices, a8 the interm: Your obedt, 0.0.Otay, Je, Jaa.P.Horoous.wav FN iE oh JT Rr AL SIAC Zu - nm \"2e SE pe = 2 | THE MONTREAL WITNESS.Jour 27, 1884 \u2014\u2014 re \u2014 covered, baring for ita object the erection of a) CASH PAYMENTS FOR PRODUCE.|sllowing all the rest to withdraw with the in-raince be know that be bad not the ordinary PROSPROTUS \u2014 ho ' fiction of a friendly reprimand which hurts no, complement of beakeamen, and that bis driver C CANADIAN\u201d MESSENGER) Belleving that chosp wbolesome literature is of primary importance to the well-being of 8 country, we think an sdditional effort in that Nine feasible and desirable.There in a very considerable amount of matter of a purely religious, temperance, sud instructive character, in the Witness, and much that ls expressly soltable for Mothers, Young Men and Obildren,\u2014a selection of which, if arranged in & moothly paper like the Æmerisen Messenger or British Messenger, would prove as interesting, and probably popular, as those excellent publications, To this matter borrowed from the columns of the Witness, will be added articles cspecially Written and selected for the Canadian Messenger.There are in Osuads, both East and West, many comparatively new settlements where the pioneers of civilisation are waging sach s bard contest with the difficulties of thelr position, that they bave little time to read and little money to pay for papers, \u2014aud yet it is of great importance tu reach, if possible, every family to situated with a family journal, even though it should be only once s month, Others mors favorably circumstanced, who subscribe for one or more papers already, might also be willing to add a very cheap monthly paper to their list ; and, if they see fir, give it away when they have perused it.The very Du oftract for distribution found to be a religions er, which probably contains equal vy fies tracts in » form, that is much more likely to secure perusal.Hoping that ministers and the religious public where, may be willing to sid nn effort of this kind,\u2014which Is to be carried on in tbe same catholic evangelical spirit with the widely circulated Messengers above mentioned, \u2014the undersigned have concluded to issue from snd after 1st July next, s monthly paper, the oise of the Daily Witness, to be called the Oananian Muusssern, at 25 cents per annom, payable in advance, The paper to stop when subscription expires.As the six months from 1st July to 1st January will be an experiment, we shall only print & limited edition, and subscribers are requested to combine in elubs of eight, remitting one dollar for the eight copies for the balf-year.Any one who thinks suck an effort desirable, will oblige us by getting up a club of eight, and the papers will either be addressed to him or separately to each subscriber, ne he may order.Incase they are ordered to one addrees, we will send nine copies in the parcel.We bope orders will be sent in as soon as possible, that \u2018we may know how many to print.If this effort meet with any fair encourage wibnt, a regular series of the Messenger will be commenced on the let Jenuar- next at tbe Pride above mentioned.JOHN DOUGALL & BON, Montreal Witness Office, Montreal TO SUBSCRIBERS.We have given up the plan of sending powerful North West Confederacy, Vallandig- ham le said tobave some hand init.Many of the principal men are implicated, and have been er- tested, \u2014 We have interesting news from Europe by the «\u201c Belgian.\" \u2014 The \u201c Great Eastern\u201d had reached Sheer- nes fromm Liverpool.\u2014 An engagement between the *' Kearsarge\u201d and \u201c Florida,\u201d off Jersey, is reported, lo which the former was disabled and put into Gorey.\u2014 The \u201cFlorida\u201d is waiting off that harbor to reengage her as soon as she might come out.\u2014 An attempt has been made to 83 a notice of mle on tho \u201c Rappabanpock\u201d et Oalals, she having been condemned for the Captain's debts.The Captain prevented it.\u2014 The Prussians have crossed tbe Lynn Fiord, ~ Peace is shortly looked for, It is thought that Kiog Christians proposition includes the transfer of the Danish navy, on condition of bis remaining King ander German protection.\u2014 It is again distinoily asserted that the King of Denmark has invoked and obteined the intervention of Napoleon, \u2014 Thirty people had been wounded in a steamboat accident ou the Soane.\u2014 The Iste dianster to the British troops in New Zealand is said to have been a disgraceful affair.They were surprised and fled, most of the officers being killed while striving to rally the men.EDITORIAL ITEMS.\u2014We are much obliged to the Picton Times for voluntarily inserting the prosgectus of our Canadian Messenger.\u2014 À Temperance Pic-nic was lately held at Chstbam, O.E, It was well attended by the temperance people for miles round.Several ministers were present.A Lachine tavern-keeper gave some annoyance by bringing a barrel of beer on the ground, but he was soon ordered off with his beer.\u2014 The Sabbath Schools of North Gower held a picnic on the 16th inst,, at which about 300 persons were present.After 8 good deal of enjoyment, Mr.Browrlee was called to the chair, and suitable addresses were made to both oid and young.\u2014A \u201cfast\u201d young clerk, employed ina dry goody\u2019 stare in Detroit, bas recently been caught robbing bis employers.His plan was to withhold sbout one-half of the money received for cash sales,and in this way be managed in the course of a few months to steal over a thousand dollars.How many drinking, smoking, fast young men of this city are paying for their pleasures and separate notices to each subscriber, a fortnight before his time expires, as an ex- pence which we can ill afford ; and believing that the numbers attached to the names of subscribers in the address upon their papers, will answer the same purpose.theref respectfully mage ant Fa 2 oho fd a.agure 7 after their unes to observe, that their subscription expires with this month; and, that all papers, of which the subscription is not renewed, are necessarily, according to our system, discontinued, They are, therefore, requested to remit in time, and they will confer a great favor by endeavoring each to send another name or two with his own.THE WITNESS.MONTREAL, WEDNESDAY, JULY 27, 1864.NEWS OF THE DAY.\u2014 The official demand sald to bave been made by Beward, for the surrender of Semmes, peoves unfounded.«= Correspondents of New York papers at Hilton Hesd, report severe fgbting on Johnson's Island, in which the Confederates were re- palsed on each occasion.\u2014 The contractors for the Atlantic telegraph cable are said tobe makiog very great progress, \u2014 The Richmond Whig severely ceneures the Confederate authorities for replacing John- ton by Hood \u2014 Gon.McPherson was killed before Atlanta.From Europe we bave the news that bos tilitios are to cesse in Denmark, pending nego- lations for peace.= Gratton the author is dead.\u2014=Geon, Wilcox has been woanded.Recent events in this market having demonstrated the impolicy, to say the least, of parting with produce for mere promises to pay, although disguised under the name of \u201c Oashb Terms\u201d a meeting of Commission Merchants and Brokers has taken place at the Qorn Exchange, for the purpose of making cash torms mean cash, «nd nothing else.A year ago, when a similar effort was made, buyers contended for a sufficient time to ship the produce and draw against bill of lading, oz to send lt to Quebec, and get the money beck, Consequently, about three days were allowed for cash terms, which, in some cases extended to six or even ten ;\u2014an extension which bas been the cause of recount heavy losses.This time, no purchaser contended for avy credit whatever, it being deemed a reasonable thing that those who undertake to purchase a cash article, should be prepared to pay the cash for it on delivery, without having to raise the oash out of it.Tbe only difficulty lay in what was to be considered delivery?All were willing to consider the trensfer of a bill of lading or warehouse receipt as delivery, it being considered a settled point that these are indefessible by any eeizure that can be laid upon property, but buyers were firm in refusing to consider an order ua a forwarder, or a transfer at the Canal or the Sheds as delivery, because so long as not held under à warebouse recsipt, or bill of lading, the property might be followed by the actual owner or any person who had advanced money upon it.It was, therefore, agroed that the sellers of cargoes of wheat to shippers should get a transfer of the engagement for freight, put the wheat on board, obtain bill of lading, and transfer it for the cash.In this way it is evident the seller would not lose control of the produce until be obtained payment,\u2014but be may bave trouble in other ways, \u2014a subject to which we shall revert shortly.In the case of Hour from the sheds, the payment is to be made as soon as delivery 1a completed.In any case parties may, by special agreement, differ from these rules, The following is the resolution which was adopted, That, unless by special agreement in each case, settlement of all transactions in pro- duoe be on a prompt cash basis, on completion of delivery of the gooda.But that the ownership and control of the goods shall remain with the seller until the cash is paid.The delivery of warehouse receipt, \u2014or of bills of 1adicgby a sea-going vessel,\u2014to be accepted as delivery of the goods.\u201d The above only appeared io a portion of our edition of yesterday week, being intended to ap pear again on the following day with additional reflections, but it was crowded out, and we have, therefore, reserved the whole for to-day, debaucheries in the same wey?Numbers of basiness houses are paying annually a heavy tax to enable disreputable young men to pursue a life of pleasure and vice.\u2014 There has been a terrible disaster at the kley Almsho Philadelphin.A nassinn ~1 régate -\u2014\u2014\u2014 on surying a number of in.«veces 10 the ruins.Fifteen persons were killed and about 30 wounded, some seriously.The cause of the accident is said to bave been the removal of some portion of the supports to introduce a boiler several years ago, and these supports had not been made good, so that a large chimney-stack was left resting upon about four inches of brick, \u2014 Manhattan,\u201d the New York correspondent of the London Herald, died suddenly a fow days ago in the former city.He was a secessionist and the author, 60 cays the Literary Gazette, of a vile novel of the worst character, Vannior or MANBLAUGETRE AGAINST à Mazon- Gaxanal.\u2014Io June last a Lieut, Kettle wes detailed to command a party to fire twenty five rounds of shell from the citadel at Devonport into 1he Sound.Ic doing so one of the shells struck a boat coming into the harbor, and killed aman.This practice of firing into the Bound has frequently been condemued by the people of Plymouth and Devonport, owing to the nom- ber of vessels and boats in the neighborhood, and the consequent risk of accident to life.\u2014 At the inquest Msjor-General Hutchinson and Colonel Shuitleworth were examined, and both testified that they were responsible for the practioe, yet it was the duty of the commanding officer of the firing party to determine whether the coast was clear, The Coroner charged against Lieutenant Kettle, but the jury, after two hours\u2019 deliberation, bronght in & verdict of * Manslaughter against Mojor-General Hutchinson,\u201d as bis * fo.difference to the public safety, In our opinion, is the cause of the accident\u201d The Coroner then naked for n verdict upon the point, as to whether Lieut, Kettle exercised such a degrees of caution na to render an accident improbable, \u2018The jury insisted thet the evidence required \u2014AD engagement between Hunter and the (hat they should go farther, and fix the res- retreating Confederates, was going on on the Ponsidility upon thoss who gave orders which 28rd.Lieut.Kettle was bound to obey, The jury Tbe \u201c Yedde\u201d which was supposed to bave| Were sgaln looked up, On the re-opening of been but for the Confederates, bas been sold to, the Court they stated that the Ooroner\u2019s ques.tbe Prussisns.tion did not bear upon the case.À gain they \u2014 The inbabitents of several Counties In| Wore locked up, tbe Coroner appearing to be Maryland are pavic-stricken in tbe belief that determined to get the superior officers shielded another Confederate raid is in progress.{from Ylsme, but the jory, with true British = The battle befors Atlsnta seems to bave Pluck, sdbered to their vordiot.For & (bird boéts à severe resultiog In low on both Me tbey were locked up, but still adhered to vides, the principal a with the tbelr verdict, that they belisved tbe General to North.The Federals are said to possess the city.«= A osmspirecy extending through the whole of the Miseissippi valley bas been dis- be the primery cause of tbe death of the man ' upon whom the [aquest bad been bold, and this verdict the Coroner bad at last to receive.Some considerable difficulties coeur to us in the proposed arrangement of the shipment being effeoted by the seller.Let us suppose a case for the sake of illustration :\u2014A vessel in chartsvad te Doftaie by A (v vue to Muutreal for wheat, at eight shillings sterling per quarter.When the vessel is ready to taks in cargo, À must procure the freight for her, but the current rate is only six shillings per quarter, He therefore, transfers a portion of tuonage to B at that rate, B purchases wheat to fill up this tunnage from 0, who ships it, and sends bills of| lading to be signed, made out at six shillings, in socordsuce with B'a instructions.But the master refases to sign, except in accordance with terms ef bis charter with A, and the sbip- pers can nelther get the wheat back, nor the bille of lading, vor of course the money, until A shall satisfy the captain, which he is, perbapa, not able to do.This may be called an extreme case, but a similar one actually occurred last season in this port, when abippers, who bad engaged freight from the consignes of a vessel, found their property pounded as soon as it was on board for that consignee\u2019s engagements, Again, in the very improbable case of 5 ves- uel being burned, or suffering any accident between the shipment of the wheat and the transfer of the bill of lading, how would It be about insurance?The seller of the wheat who shipped it, would have no insurance upon it when delivered into the ship, and the purchaser, who would, doubtless, have insurance, would bave no wheat to claim for until the bill of lading was transferred.Ia this case it is probable the underwriters would psy the purchaser sod be would pay the seller.But suppose thers was no insurance and the vessel were burned before transfer of the bill of lading, the purchaser might in that case decline to pay for what bad never been transferred to him, Of course, the tisk of any of these dificul- ties occurring ie very small, but so is the risk of a sbipper's not paying.We only polas them out, that parties concerned may see how almost impossible it le to avoid incurring some risk, WHO IS RESPONSIBLE FOR THB GRAND TRUNE OATASTROPHE ?The verdict of the jury on the late railroad accident !s faz from baving given general satisfaction to the public, and tbe case will continue to excite interest ani discussion until | bas been finally disposed of before the Queen's Bench.The undeserved fate of tbe engine dignstion ageinst n verdict, which, however honestly or conscientiously It might bave been given by the jurors, ls, after all, one which, while desling solely with carelessness, singles out emongst e number of careless men im.plicated in the aceident, the lowest, most belp- lees and least responsible of all for » victim, driver Burney osnnot fail to excite some toe} body.We bave slready recorded our conviction, that if there is one mea more responsible than another for the terrible accident, itis Oondue- tor Finn, who bad the entire responsibility of the train, and the full control of all the agents on board, including the engine-driver, Nothing that bas been said or written by tbe friends of the Grand Trunk, .has in any way shown that the driver was responsible for the safety of the train more than the Conductor, or equally with bim.And yet Finn Me not even named in the verdict, and the only fault found with bim by the Jury ls, to bave started from Richmond without one additional brakesman.That is to say, the Jury found tbe Conductor in no fault at the time of the accident ; the only delinquency with which they charge hin happened three hours before and at another place, This is exonerat- Ing bim to fix all che responsibility on his sub.altern\u2014Borney.À true, impartial and intelligent inquest would have investigated the responsibility of the accident, Bo as to distinguish primary from secondary causes.The responsibility of the management of the road ought to be well defined, and separated from that of the agents at the time of the sccident.It will be found that the accident would never bave happened without the antecedent and primary causes, found in bad management and imperfect supervision.It has been abundantly shown that the rules of the road were not enforced.The trains did not stop before crossing the bridge.These omissions failed to be reparted.The locomotive foreman is blamed by the Jury for puking the train In charge of a new and incompetent driver, There were not brakesmen enough.The cars were not such as the Company were bound to provide for the emigrants.They were frieght cars with temporary sests, which, acting ss projectiles?much increased the mortality.The red signal- light was placed on the wrong eide of the point of danger.It was not visible from a sufficient, distance, because intercepted by trees, which the mansgers forbid to be cat down.With all tLese neglects the driver had nothing whatever to do.They were the results of a carelessness antecedent to bis, and without which bis own would not probably have occurred.There we have the principal, the fundamental carelessness, \u2014the cause, sins gua non, of the accident, The chief responsibility rests with the management of tbe road, This is the simple truth, which cannot be euppreesed by all the hea:tless sophistry of the interested advocates of the powerful corporation who would sacrifice to it a poor ignorant man ag a scape-goat.In reference to that red signal light, we are told that it is visible from a great distance, as it can be seen from St.Hilaire Station.Very true, bat what in tha use?The Station is a mile off, and after it, the trees conceal the light, or afford only incidental and rapid glimpses of 80 practical use.When at the Station, the driver is ocoupied with something else then scanning the distant borison for stars and lights.We are again told that Mr.Brydges and other leading officers of the road, testify, that when they were on tbe train, it always stopped before crossing the bridge.Abundant evidence sbowed, that whenever the chief managers are on a train every thing goes right, aud rules are enforced.When they are not there, the infeac- tions become constant and regular, but they are not reported, and the gentlemen in power deplore that they have no way of information.They have attempted to go over the road in- cogxito, but failed, We admit that these gentlemen have been lsmentably kept in ignor- anos as to what occurs on their trains, but think tbe fault is theirs.They could bave ex- examined the reports ef inferior agents, sifted and compared them, They cold have employed from time to time detective agents to travel from one end of the line to the other and report bow the rules were kept.They must be very helpless, and their system must be very defective, if one of their most important rules could be violated systematically for years, and neither Mr.Bailey the Buperintendent, nor Me, Brydges the Manager, know of it.When we come from the prior and prineipal causes of the catastrophe to the subsequent and secondary ones; when we consider the action of the sgents of the company on the doomed train, we have no hesitation to say, the chief responsibility there rests with the Ocnductor.ls was @ great mistake with the jury not to bave seen it.Some saw it bowever, but were probably misled by the false impression that they could not bring a verdict egainet a man who was dead, and that they must, therefore, fiod the guilty emonget the living.It was not, however, the interest of the Grand Trunk that, the jury should do otherwise, It was bad enough for the credit of tbe management, that the driver was known to have been newiy ep- pointed, unacquainted with the road ; in obarge for the Bret time, of n passenger train, sad that an unexoeptionably large one, while this baxerdoas apprenticeship was to be inaugurated in a mooless night.Had !t been shown that the conductor also bsd been incompetent or | paroles, the disoredit to tbe company would [hare been infioitely greater.Therefore, thers {wee an interest to whitewash the conductoz, ado bold forth as one of the best on the! i line, loading sige ea poor Burmey.Now, (the fact ie, that the conductor is always re- spansible for bis train, and Finn was doubly so, was entirely new in bis busicess, that agalest all rules, be had never even driven a freight traln previous to belog employed on a passens ger one.He should bave warned Barney about the bridge, be should himself have stopped the train, be should have seen the red light as wall as Burney.There is no evidence that be did at the time any part of hls duty, bat muok evidence that he did not.We have compared this accident with that which occurred recently to a Canadian steamer near Portland, and we seid that in Liverpool the verdict wens against the captain, and not in the least against the man at the wheel, and that therefore, for the seme reasons, the verdict should have exonorated the driver and thrown the blame on the conductor.This the Gamils ridicales, stating that according to our theory the verdict should have been found, not sgainst the captain, but against the managers of tke steamship Company.Had it been shown that the accident occurred because the captain broke the rules of the company, and that the infesc- tion of these rules was constant, being overlooked by the managers themselves, undoubtedly much of the responsibility would have been transferred from the captain to his superiors, but even then the man at the wheel would have been exonerated.We inaist no more here on the responsibility which attaches to the laste Oonductor Flan, for we have received from one of his former cole leagues, who has had long experience as conde.tor on the Grand Trunk, a valuable communica~ tion which will leave no doubt in the minds of our readers, and which we will publish in a subee- quent number.This important witness offered bimself and should bave been heard before the jury.The public will, bowever, bear him througb our columns, THE DEFENCE OP CANADA.We Canadians must have read with some surprise the debates that bave recently taken place in the English House of Commons on the subject of oar defences, and the comments of the Preas thereon.They farnish abundant evidence that Canada is still little understood, even by intelligent and educsted Eaglishmen, and they exbibit a fresh illustra tion of the old truth that it is possible to talk a great deal of nonsense in a very attractive style, and with an air of wisdom which would deceive everybody but those well acquainted with the subject.The particular matter which has exercised the feclings of certain Esglish gentlemen at this moment is, that in the event of war breaking out between the United States and Britain, tbe Englisb forces now in Canada would be totally inadequate tomeet the hosts that might be directed against various points of our frontier.These Yorces, they imagine, would be picked up at the outset, as one paper expresses it, as neatly \u2018as 8 chess-player takes an unprotected pawn.\u201d This ides having taken possession of them, they conceived it to be the duty of the military suthoriiies to concentrate ail the troops into one spot, and this a safe ons; and as no place is 20 suitable as Quebec, they proposed that the whole country should be at once abandoned, and the English regiments stationed here and at various points ia Upper Canadas, moved down to the ancient eapital.\u2014 Onge under the guns of the fortress, which might be strengthened with mode:n appliances, it is supposed they might smile at an invader, while their English friends sud cousins would be spared any anxiety on their behalf, These notions sre so very original, so entirely contrary to common sense, and to all proper notions as to the purpose an army bas to serve, that we are at a loss to imagine how they can have met with any eerious attention.Silent con tempt would have been the fate of such views had they been put forth yith reference to amy British interest, but as they happen to chime in with the notions still floating about as to the duty of colonies to bear the entire burden of their own defence, they receive serious comsi- deration by the ministry of the day, and are made the subject of sympatbising articles in the papers.More than this, We are astonished to see that the English Government, #0 far fall in with the notlon, that they have ordered a oon- centration of sll the troops in Canada to this cliy sod Quebec, apparently intendiog to abendon Upper Canada altogether, Wemay be mistaken, but this seems to be the course resolved upon, and if so, we conceive it should not be passed by without, remark, if not remonstrance.In the Brat place, it seems à novel mode of looking at an army, to consider ita fret duty to be to take care of itself.Simple peoples, like ourselves, have generally considered it the business of an army to protect the eountey ; but it seems, ac cording to this novel mode of viewlag the subject, that lo only a secondary matter.\u2014 These British regiments muston no scoount come to harm, \u2014that is tbe sentiment of the authori ties:-\u2014as to what may become of the country, why, that does not seem to be their business.If the safety of the army le the primary cousid- eration ; if the lives of British soldiers are too valuable tobe lost in defending the British province, \u2014there is à very effectual wey of sitain.fog the object, vis,, to withdraw the army altogether, .It may be said, however, it is not proposed abandon Oansds sliogether, bat saly te con- centrate troops in tbe two principal cities, vis, * that they are too precious to be sacrificed in our \u201cJone 17, 1864.our ows and Quebee.Now, however gisd we May be of n large concentration of troops bere, we would be sorzy if this were to be done by abandoning the region from which the chief part of our business is drawn.It is all very well to defand Quebec and Montreal, but if Upper Can- ofa wese oveerun, and made tributary of the Northern States, what was lefs of Montreal would hardly be worth defending.We think, as any rate, that one place, at least, in Upper Canada should be selected «a à rallying point, and made ss strong as the exigency might demand.It seems to us simply monstrous that the portion of Canada to which the larger portion of British emigration bas been directed, which is intiabited almost exclusively by » British population, and which has proved its loyalty in by-gono days on fields which are now historic), should be coolly told to shift for itself, and all because the English people have taken fancifal notion to value their soldiers more than the empire for whose protection her army exists.Ous member of the Houss, Lord Robt.Cecil, a very talketive and prominent Conservative, was 60 anxious for the safety of tte troops that he could not bear & day's delsy.Ho would have them placed under the shelter of the guns of Quebec at once, as if war bad already broken ont, end the process of suapping up, béfore al- Iuded to, was imminent.He urged baste on the ground that by and by, when danger threst- ened, the troops might be ont off while \u201cslowiy massing\u201d in the fortified cities of Lower Canada.Slowly massing,\u201d indeed! What can such people be thinking about?They must imagi that the troops would bave to undertake long marches through woods and forests, cutting thelr way through tbe bush, toiling acroës swamps, extemporising bridges, aud all the res} of it\u2014Just as they did thirty years sgo in the time of the rebellion.Everybody bere knows, and surely there are a few people in England who know it too, that tbe towns wherein the troops are stationed at present all communicate with Montreal and Quebec by rail, and that all the Brith soldiers in Canada could be concentrated on any given point in twenty-four or thir ty-six hours.When such preposterous ignorance is exhibited by highly educated and well-read members of Parliament, we cannot wonder that some of the small fry of the press echo their blunders, and write solemn articles warning us of the direful consequences of neglecting admonitions whieh sre ag pertinent to us ag to the man in the moon.Even tbe usually wellin- formed Saturday Review hes fallen into the mistake of supposing that with Montreal snd Quebec fortified, our \u201c moat favoured districts\u201d will be saved from devastation such as is now sweeping over Virginia and Tenneesee.\u2018We have pointed out already that this plan would leave the whole Western country at the metcy of an invader, whils as respecis Lower Oanads, we do not ses how the fortifying of Montreal snd Quebec would save even the adjacent counties from devastation, much less the regions beyond.Phe truth is, without pretending to be au fait in military matters, the whole business seems to have been founded on mistake.That mistake consists in supposing that, in the event of war, the regular troops would be unsupported by the milice force.This again rests on the essump- tion that the militia training of Canada is being neglected.But wa are not neglecting our militia training, but giving earnest and vigorous attention to it, One speaker in the debate above referred to, seemed to assume that our volunteers were having only eix days\u2019 drill in a year; the truth being, that the volunteer and militia movement is as active and healthy bere as in England.Our military tralningechools are in vigorous operation, and tho reviews that have taken place this year and last, prove beyond a doubt, that large purabers of the people bave bad a thorough drilling in the elements of soldiership; and would be capable when well led, of co-operating with regular troops, and rendering raost efficient service.The object of retaining British regiments here, is to form both & nucleus, round \u2018which volunteers might gatber, and a standard to which they may aspire: Bat if we are told defence, what greater Insult could be « fered, or what deeper wound to loyal feeling could be inflicted.As to the general question of the probability of wae; tbat is one, which after the events of the last fow years, it would be presumptuous to speculate upon, We may say, however, that many things would oouspire to prevent it, just as many things contribute to keep France and England in amity, notwithptaudiog the elements of discord which are constentiy arisiog.The Noeth will elther conquer the South or not.If they conquer it, a large standing army will be required to occupy and keep it in subjection.This, of itself, will be an enormous expense, and the knowledge that a war with Britain would be a sure signal for à Southern outbreak, would make the most rabid anti.Britisber pause before committing the country to such & step.But if the South Is not conquered, some line of separation must be agresd on, and again, à large standiog army will bave to be kept ap to guard border territory.For some years to come the settlement of questions between the Moeth and South will cocupy sll the attention of beth, and ail the soldiers too.As to the disbanded * hordes \u201d that are so often plotured as \u2014 _ pack of woires, \u2014we apprehend the riffredf of the cities bas been pretty well swept off by this time, Thoseof the soldiers who are not required lo the future standing army will be easily provided for in the West, and will De as listle likely to come filibustering to Canada, ae they will to form pirates on the cosan.There are other considerations, bat these are sufficient to abow that the alarm which has been got up is without foundation or resson ; and we hope that whatever may be done in the way of fortifylng sirategio points, (to which we can offar no objection, ) will be fairly distributed over the whole country, and be so managed ss not to promote that bostility, sgalust the effects of which they are intended to guard, THE PROTESTANT ALLIANOR.Tbe last report of this Society gives the foi- lowirg information : \u2014Sapport has been receir- ed from à large number of Influential persons.The committee bad sent & ciroular to magie- trates and others, respecting the Prison Miois- ters\u2019 Act, and the result is satisfactory, as only four counties have appointed Roman Catholic chaplaine.À select committee of the House of Commons is about, it is belleved, to recommend the appointment of prieste as chaplsins to workhoutes.The committee have made preparations to resist this movement.The Society hes diligently labored by means of lectures sod publications to keep the country well informed on the movements of the priest party.At the «nnual meeting of the Society, one of the kere referred to the carrying off of children.He stated that in the Eastern part of London \u201c Roman Catholic women, no doubt well trained for the purpose, had found their way into the bouses of the poorer class of Protestants, and bad succeeded in carrying over the mother and children to the Oburch of Rome.In one cates woman bad actually separated from her husband because he would not go to mass.The busband agreed to make her an allowance.Oce day he met the children, and found them very much depressed and out of spirits.It turned ont that, on the Sunday before, they bad been to see their graudfather, and had been reading the Bible.\u2014 The wife baviog beard of this, communicated the fact to the fom sb priest, and got him to flog the children.The brother of the man, on being made acquainted \u201cwith the facts, went to the house of the priest, and inquired for bim ; but as he Was not at home, he had an interview with a fellow-priest, and ssid to bim, \u2018 As your brother priest is not at home, you'll do in bis stead,\u201d and forthwith knocked him down.He said to the priest, * Your brother priest best my brother's children.My name is So-and-so, and you may prosecute me if you like.\u201d Of course ne prosecution was instituted.(Hear, bear )\u2014 He believed this attempt to separate families waa carried on to & considerable extent.In one millinery establishment a Jesuit workwoman was employed as principal neediewoman, and when one of the young girls expressed ish toenter « convent, it was discovered that she had been lostrumental in carrying five or six girls over to Another speaker in referring to Parliament, stated that be had no faith in Parlismentary ac tion.He belioved that on the * subject of convents and nunoeries, in 1858 and 1854, there were not less than twelve divisions, and in every single division, early and late, there was à majority for Protestantiem.But what was the case now?There bad not been s mojority in Parliament for Protestantism since those years.It was quite true that on motions referriog to Maynooth, a year or two afierwards, they could not get a majority, but better divisions could then be obtained than were procurable now He thought the best course in Parliament would be steadily to resist every effort that might be made to endow she Roman Catholic religion in any form.\" Referring to the offer of prizes to be competed for by young men, in an examination cu Protestant subjects the same speaker remarked :\u2014* He wished to ges the class made wider and wider, in order to make the people familiar with controversies, not only religious, but political, Controversy pressed nu us in both forms, and it was exceedingly desirable that all persons the young especially, should be made familiar with the arguments which were familiar to our Reformers, and he, therefore, was glad to find that such à work as \u201c Barrow on the Bupremacy,\u201d which epoke in plain terme about Popery, «8 « political and as a religious system, should become extensively read by the people, He would not utter a single barsh expression with regard to any Roman Catholic.But, in speaking of s religious system, Le ought to be allowed, without reproach, to express bis ideas in language which the best men in England bad regarded sa appropriste language, sod the use of which was justified by the enormities of the tem against which they were protesting.So far ss we could familiarize the minds of the largest classes with the merita of this controversy, we were preparing them for the crisis which was coming.He believed the mass of the people were asleep on the subject of Popery at tbls moment, and that the perils by which they were becoming environed would be greatly increased before the pople were awake to them.\u201d THE VERDICT ON THE LATE RAILWAY SLAUGETER\u2014RESPONSIBILItY OF THE OONDUOTOR.(To the Editor of the Witness.) Sim, \u2014Hsving served où the central division of the G.T.R.in the capacity of brakesman, bag.gsgeman and conductor, and es suob, being well soquainted with the rules and regulations snd apécisl orders of the Company, I trust that you will allow me to try and assist you, if possible, in proving that Burney is not the men who should be beld responsible for this med oecar- rence.The engine-mau of & tra\u2018n is not at all responsible for its movements, be is wholly under the control of the conductor, You have likely never seen, Mr.Bditor, book, the title of which is, ** Rulesand Regulations to be observed by the officers and mea in the service of the Grand Trunk Company,\u201d tbe Isat edition of which came out in 1861, Every officer and employé of the Company is furniebed let loose, and swooping down on Canada like à with « copy of it, and has to sign a recsipt for the same.Conductor Fien bad, therefore, à \u2014\u2014\u2014 THE MONTREAL WITNESS, copy of this book, and be must have been well acquainted with the rules contained In it, or else be was not fit to be a conductor, In the 1s¢ chapter headed General Regule- tons,\u201d tbe rule 14th says\u2014* Brery employé igards the places immediately east of the Jordan, Keferein, er-Rsmeb, ote., 28 indeed in evident if they are compared with Mr, Tristram\u2019s route.THE STRENGTH OF INSEOTS.Walking under the trees, I found in the pata a robin partially under the ground.He ad not been drawn into s hole, but the earth liad been removed from underneath him, sad bis head and wings and tail wero resting on the walk, I examined him, and flading him dead, and evidently in tbe hands of some animal who designed to make use of him, I feft him, Returning to the same spot an hour or two after, I found him drawn into a hole, hesd first, and it required some lite effort to extricate him, Throwing biwm aside, 1 left him for the day, and towards night be was drawn in ogain, and was now so beariy buried that only part of his tail was above ground.Once more | rescued him from the grave, and leaving him in the walk, went away.Again be was carried to the bole, and I found bim with the tips of his wings and his tail protruding, and these ware quivering, as the body was being drawn with considerable force into the earth, Tho gardener was sure it was a snske carrying the bird under for more convenient mastication, but when we struck with the spade below so ag to cut him in two, we found nothing.\u2014 noe more we made the ground amootb and hard, and throwing the bird aside, left it.\u2014 \u2018The next morning it was sgain going under.I drew it out suddenly, and found the beast.It was a bug aboutan inch long, and slender, yellow, with black stripes.His strength was amazing, when his mze was considered, and as he seemed to be the only engineer and power employed in moving the hird, which was twonty or thirty times as 08 be, and was drawa by it into a hole requiring great extra force, besides what was necessary to overcome the weight, it appeared to me almost incredible that be could do it.Some friends wishing the heeile.to be preserved as a curious specimen in natural history, I performed for the first time that barbarous operation Fo common with paturalists: I put a pin through him, and fastened bim to a bourd in the barn, designing to present him to some museuin with a ptatement of his exploits.Left bim there to bis owp reflections and the next morning to my surprise, as Samson walked off with the gates of Gaza, even 80 had this beetle taken bimself off, not with the pin, aad I bave heard and seen bim no more.But another and smaller beetle of the description is now making arrangements to bury a dead mole ia the garden, and if the beetles would kill all the moles I would not disturb them.\u2014N.¥.Observer.Suivoces RewpErsp Fre-proor.\u2014Mr.Joba Mears says, in the Boston Ouitivator, that he has prepared ebiogles in the following man ner, and after an experience of eleven years, avd using seven forges in his blacksmith's shop, he bas never seen a shingle on fire, aor basx nail started.The shiugles are prepared in the following maoner: ** Having a large trough, I put into ita bashe) of quickiime, half a bushel of refass salt, and five or six pounds of potash, addiog water to slack the lime and dissolve the vogetable alkali and the salt\u2014 well knowing that pieces of an old lime-pit, a tosp barrel, or a pork tub were not the best kiodlinyg stuff, aud haviog long since learned, while at the Vineyard Mouud, that hot salt water whitewash would endure far loo thau (hat made with fresh water, absorbing moisture, striking iuto the wood, su1 not peeling and washing off.1 eet the buudles of shingles nestiy to the bands ia the wash for two hours, thou torned them end fur end.\u2014 Whon laid op tbe roof aud wally they were broshed over twice with thaliquid, sud were brushed over at intervals of two oe three years after.\u201d tar religi \u2014 One of the most singulsr religicus movements outside of the Christian world, is the spreading of Mubammedanism in Africe.It has long beon known that the negro tribes in the interior of Africa had siuce the beginning of the present century been gained over toa large extent to the Mobammedan creed.But wo now learn that the Islam is even making some inrosds upon territory which has been hitherto regarded as secnred for Christianity, On the west const of Africa tbey have prose.Iyted many of the liberated Africans, and are The views westward from tbe mountains of Moab, Gilead, snd Ajlun, particularly that now extending on the coast toward the south.orn hemisphere.\u2014 Methodist, La Ek CC Cae RR A ET tot EE | FELEGRAPHIC NEWS.ARRIVAL OF THE # MARATHON.\u201d Nsw Your, July 24.\u2014Tbe 8.8.* Marathon,\u201d from Liverpool on the 12th aud Queenstown on the 13th, arrived at noon.Lonpon, July 18,\u20141I¢ is asserted that s sspes- sion of hostilities has been agreed between Denmark pending the negotistions.The new Danish Cabinet is represented as being in favor of A person named Spence, in a letter to the Times, recommends à joint medistion offer by the maritime powers to America for the settle ment of the war there.journal calls for At Copenhagen the war journ r aban.doament of territories and concentration of forces in Jutland, The Germans had commenced crossing Lyon ford.Advance into North Jutland apparently commenced.The great debate of ious week and de aided msjority for ministers settle opposition for remais der of the session, which will close about tbe end of July.Palmerston, in response to an enquiry, said the Government believed the Germans had no intention of attacking Copenhagen, Colley Gratien, tbe author, is dend.The new Danish Ministry is provisionally constituted under the Presidency of Count Chas, Molike.Several important posts remain un- The Morning Post thinks summoning such & reactionary lesder to power, and despatch of the King's brother to Berlin, means peace on basis probably of admission of Denmark into the Germanic Confederscy, à messure which France forbids.Other rumors of peace negotiations are aflcat, but nothing antbentic, COMMERCIAL.LivearooL, July 12.\u2014 Cotton sales on Monday were £0,000 bales ; market active and jd lower.The sales to-day were about 12,000 bales ; merket stronger.Brendstuffs \u2014Flour quiet, Wheat and Corn steay.Provisions.\u2014 Beef and Pork steady.Bacon dearer.Lard firm, Produce.\u2014Asbes quiet.Sugar firm, Ouffee active, Lonn«x, July 12 \u2014Breadstuffs fim.Sugars and Coffce firm.Tea unchanged.Lownox, 12.\u2014Consols close! at 90} to 90§.Reduction in bank rate expected.Bourse firmer at 66f.30c.Lavssroos, July 13 \u2014Ootton sales yesterday and to duy, each 25,000 bales, including 15,000 bales to ap culstors and exporters.The market is firmer and upwards.Breadstuffs quiet srd eteady.Provisions\u2014 market steady.Produce\u2014 market steady.Lounon, July 13.\u2014Consois clos d at 90] to 20ÿ for money.American s'ocks, I! Cen.Railway, 42 10 40 discount.E:ie RR., 45 to 47, The rebel loan has advanced.New York, July 21.\u2014The ateamer \u2018 Fulton from Bilton Lead, arrived this morning.Charles ton js beivg vigorously ebelied.Fort Sumter bas been subjected to a very heavy fire from Moeris Island.The Paimetto Herald gives an account of the recent expeditions to Jobo's Inland.The rebels made two furious assaults on our forces, but retired with beavy loss.Naw Yoax, July 21.\u2014The Herald's Wasbing- ton despatch eaye the Secretary of State has determined to make w formal demand upon the British Government for the eurrender of the te Bemmes.Naw Yosx, July 21.\u2014The Herald's Niagara Falls diepatch says :\u2014Horace Greely, accom- by Mr.Hay, private secretary to Old Abe, |i igterview with G.N, Saunders and others claiming to be peace commissioners from the yebels.The commissioners wanted to visit \u2018Washiogton, and receiving a statement of terms upon which such visit might be made, they were Parsuit of the rebels under Wright is carried on with great vigor, and everything promises large success.They are moving south on paral- Jor Hues, and trains flyiog from one column are pretty certain to fall into tbe bands of tbe other.Petersburg papers suspended publication.Wasmiseron, July 22.\u2014Offcial information from Gen.Bberman represents everything to be essivg in à menner highly satisfactory All dsy before yesterday our army was engaged with the enemy, snd the rebels wers steadily driven on into their entrenchments.The city is de plain view of our troops, and our shells can The National Republican bas furpished the following in advance ot ite publication :\u2014Official wdvices trom Gen.Sherman received this morning, cover operations down to last night.The work of investing the city was just going on.There was hard fighting yesterday, which re.malted in the repulse of the enemy in bis efforts to dislodge our troops.Gen.Palmer advanced his line to s more advantageous position.Our loss during the day was small, The Times\u2019 dispatch says the report of the official demand for the rendition of Semmes is unfounded, The Heralds Niagara Fallsdispatob says that President Lincolo's repiy was of auch « nature that Mr.Groeloy would not deliver it to Sanders, bat ot M»jor Hay take Jt to bim.When Mr, Greer, .Sanders, tbe latter said, this is not the end of this affeir, and you must not thik we are bleckguerds It appears that after Greeley bad arranged the vieit of the Commissioners to Wasbington, Mr, Boward bad & band in magipulstiog Mr, Lipoolu's reply.Mr.Greeley loft out of humor, and will probably fight itout in the Tribune.Another despstch saye, Mr.Greeley took Mr.Lincoln's conditione as an insult to him, and refused peremp'orily to bave anything to do with it.As the matter now stands it looks very much ae though Greeley, Lincoln and Seward were all: badly sold, The whole affair simmers down to a bold move for the Chicsgo Convention.This may have heen sll that the rebel Commissioners desired.If so they bave scoomplished their object.Greely was 90 convinced that en opportunity of bringing about an adjustment has been offered, that be left the impression bere that he would no longer support the administre tbe Tribune stock, and may force Greely to leave the concern Nsw Yonk, July 22.\u2014The Herald's corres.perdent Hilton Hrad, 13th, rays, since my last r there has been severe fgbiiog by our forces ov John's Island, under General Hatch, composing à part of the recent expedition.Gea, Saston sent a regiment on Thursday to atteck the rebel right, where a battery bad been ota tioned, The men charged at deuble-quick, and so fariousiy, that the enemy retived in great confusion.A battle occurred on Batardey morning.The enemy baviog recelved their reinforcements ad- venosd in force and 8 Bgbt of 15 minutes followed, in which the rebels were thoroughly repulsed.Sirepgtbened agalo tbe enemy made another advance at half-past & o'clock and attempted to carry our position by asssult ; but they were again forced to retreat in confusion.Thelr artillery opened on us with great fary, and under its fire the rebel infantry took shelter.Our loss in killed, wounded and missing was only 82.Naw Yoax, Joly 23.\u2014The Zrilwns says, in reference to the Niagara Falls negotiations, its editor bas been engaged only in endeavoring to bring face to face the antagonists in amicable rather than belligerent attitude, The movement bas no immediate success.Naw Yoax, July 22.\u2014We have a well authec- ticated report that the rebels have evacuated Atlanta, A private letter from the Secretary of the Atlantic Telegraph Company says :\u2014* Tbe contractors are making very great improvements at Greenwich, clearivg sway old machinery and substitutiog others of much improved principles in every department, especially for our cable \u2014 We oball bave such a cable for perfection of material and workmanship as the world bas never before seen.\u201d The Tribune's Hilton Head correspondent gives an account of the Sghting on Jobu's Island.It was evident on tbe 8th that the ene my wis concentrating a pretty strong force against us.The evemy coon advanced upon our position, and attempted to cross a bridge from which we bad removed à part of tbe plank.Lieut, Wilts with gus opened upon them, causing grest slaughter.The action lasted about an hour.The euemy was dsivea back, and the fighting for the day thus ended.On Saturday three attacks were repulsed, \u2018Wazaineron, July 22.\u2014The following is a continuation of the National Republican's account of Sherman's operations :\u2014Sherman holds the R.R.leadiog from Atlanta towards Richmond, #0 that Joboson cannot escape by that route to reinforce Lee.His only means of leaving At lanta are by two roads leading south to Macon, ard south-west to West Point sud Mobile, If Johaston escapes with bis army by either of these last pamed routes, be will be obliged to move quickly, Icis a well settled proporition in military circles that the rebels can better afford to lose Atlanta than Johnston's army.Iu may possibly be true that Longetreet is already in command of it.A special to the Commercial, dated Washington 220d, says Gen.Bherman telegraphe that the enemy unde another advance on his lines Jenterday.The Atlanta Appeal of the 14th inat.saye it will remain to cheer and encourage the soldier notil tbe ecemy reaches the gates of the city.It 8180 announces that all the cewspsapers except it bave left Atlanta for the South; that the work of emptying the city of movables goes quietly on, and that when the Yankees enter they will find nothing but empty houses and bare walls to greet them.À special to the Commercial, dated Waehing- ton, 22nd, says thet a gentleman just from the front eays that General Grant expressed the be- ilef that Sherman would capture Atlanta.He likewise said that the fate of the rebellion would then be settied in front of Richmond.He also declared that with 100,000 more men in our armies, the rebellion could be crushed in ten days.ODISYILLE.July 22.\u2014Tbhe Nashville Union of yesterday morniog states that on Monday morniog Decatar, Ge.was occupled by our forces, thus cutting off all rebel communication with 8.©.by way of Macon, Naw Yozx, Jaly 22,\u2014Despatches bave bsen received bere from Atlanta, No official announcement of the capture or occupation of Atlanta, has been received up to's .tn.Oswzao, July 32,\u2014 A bodt one half of the bus.ness portion of the village of Mexico, Oswego Co., was destroyed by fice this p.m, The fice originated io Pbeoix Block, consuming several stores,\u201d The Post Office, Mexico Hotel, Tickner's Livery Stables, &o., were burned.No estimate of the loss yet received, WasmrxaroN, July 23nd, 11 p.m.\u2014Nothing bas been received by the government in relation to the fall of Atlanta.Naw York, July 28.\u2014The Herald's Nashville despatch says, Gen.Rousseau, with 2,700 well mounted men, lefs Decatur on the 18th for an extensiveraid, and we learn from Richmond papers received hers, had already commenosd work on the 18th, by destroying the Railroads to Montgomery and Qolumbus.Anotber dispatcb says the success of Sherman cutting the Esstera sod Southern communications lead to the belief that the rebels were folled io attempting to escape.World's Washingto special, 22nd, says dea- patches from the West aonounce the positive occapstion of Atlania, No truth io reported battle at Leesburg.Main portion got off with plunder, and the pursuit consed.Gen.Hood has superseded Johnston, Grant'sarmy correspondent eays Gen, Wilcox nes, elighily wounded in the thigh on Tuesday iRbt.Another correspondent says of Gen, Smith's being relieved of the command of the 18th corps, that the sxigences of active service require that bould take another command, New Yonx, July 28,\u2014A general arlillery engagement took place yesterday.The 80 pound- ors opened upon the newly discovered Weldon tallroad depot in the city, and the shells were dropped s0 accurately that three locomotives were hurried off.Bef the guns ceased the depot wes a mass of rois, be Tribunes Wesbington special, dated 330d, aye, cavalry men who returned hore this tom Draineville, report that considerable cannonsding was beard this morning in the direction of Leesburg, indicatiog thet the battle between Hunter's foros and the re- lon.The| treating rebels had been renewed.Beward men claim that they bold & majority of) Two roldiers who were wounded in the battle of the Wilderness, arrived here to-night from near Gordonsville.They were being marched under guard to Richmond, in company with about 50 others, and made their escapes when pear that place.The Herald's Paris dent states that Druyn de L'Huys officially informed Mr.Darton, American Miolster, that \u2018the steamer \u201c Yeddo, { Beretofore supposed to bave been built for the rebels, bas been sold to Prussian Goveroment.THE MONTREAL WITNESS, Wasmmeron, July 35.\u2014The people of Bock- ville and Montgomery Oo, Md., gecerally, are panie-stricken, in the belief thet another rebel raid is ia progress.Many of them are remor- ing their stock, property, &c, to places of safety.Nothing is kuown here to justify these facts.Poveszszrirs, July 22.\u2014The following dispatch bas just béen received :\u2014 Washington, July 23.\u2014To Geo.Juness, Mayor of City of Pongh- Keepale,\u2014One three years\u2019 man will not count for three twelve months\u2019 men.Count them man for man, (Bigued,) Jas.B.Fax, PMG.Naw Youx, July 28.\u2014The Herald's Wasbiog- ton dispatch esye that in the attack on Bherman by the rebels the rebels lost from 6 to 800 killed and 4000 wounded and prisoners., We beld the field All the lines of retreat had been cat off by Gen.Sherman except vin Macon, and that bas probably been attended to before this time.Naw Youz, July 23\u2014The Heralds army cortespondent states that the rebels vigorously shelled our lines on Wednesd+y, bat were soon allenced by our batteries.botb lines, North of tbe Appomatox, opened \u2018on Thursday morning.Our 13-pounders opened on, and destroyed the Weldon Depot in Peters burg.Gen.Baldy Smith has issued a farewell order to the 18th army corps, and is ordered to report at New York.Gen.Wilcox was eligbtiy wounded on Tuesday.New Youx, July 23,\u2014The Herald's Washiog- ton dirpatch says, a letter has been received, stating that Lieut.Duchesney, of the 1st Massachusetts cavalry, and tbree other officers, are beld fn close confinement for the same number of civilians said to be so held by our goverament, Efforts for the exchange of prisoners have thus far failed.Wasmxoros, July 23,\u2014The Richmond Æz- aminer of July 21st, has the following : \u2014Atlants, July 30,\u2014~Reynolds\u2019 brigade attacked the ens- y's line of skirmishers last evening at Peach Tree Creek, and took possession of their entrenchments, Ile then charged the reserve pickets, supported by Dilworth's corps, and captured 150 prisoners, The 18th Illinois regiment lost in killed and wounded alone 100, while that of the 50th Obio was severe, The Ezaminer says editorially of this fight :\u2014 Peach Tree Creek iz a small stream taking its rise five or aix miles north west of Atlants, flows in a south westerly direction, and empties into the Ohsttshoochie near the railroad bridge, and pearly due weat of Atlanta.Our right is believed to rest upon this stream, and to be protected on its flank by it.This ekirmisb is an auspicious begiuniog for Gen.Hood.The Richmond Inguirer of the 21st rays an official despatch received yesterday P.M.at the War Department states that a large force of Yankees crossed the Shenandoah st Snickers, on the 18th, at 3o'clock P.M.They were attacked and driven across the river in great confusion.Our loes is stated to be between 200 and 300 ; that of the enemy much greater.The Whig is severe upon the Richmond au- tborities for superseding Johnston by Hood in command of the army of Tennessee.It says the division commander was eminently successful, but it thicks Hardee was entitled to the promotion, both by seniority and greater experience.The secret of this appointment is soon told.Our authorities are indisposed in mind, and the craziest of their crazies is the fancied possession of an intuitive knowledge of men.The success of the cause ia subservient to the gratification of, personal feeling, or else an enemy like that of Adants would not be trusted to an untried Gen.made for he Sooasion.It ie known too that lone from tl inning was opposed to hn rotrograde movement fom Dalton A new cy havio n adopted, it wi ha; proper to ind à commander hove \u2018views ee corded with that policy.The Whig also bas the following: \u2014 Atlanta, July 18.\u2014The army and the public were surprised this morning by the annouzcement of the change of commanders, Gen, Jobuston being relieved sud Gen.Hood receiving the command.The following is Johnston's farewell address to his troopa :\u2014 Bsap-Quanreus Any cr Tawwassms, July 17,1864 :\u2014In obedience to the orders of the War Department, I turn over to Gen, Hood, the command of the army and department of Tenueasee.I cannot leave this noble army without expressing my admiration of the high military qaalities it bas displayed so conspion- ously, Every soldierly virtue, endurance of toil, obedience to orders, brillinnt courage; the enem; has never attacked but to be severely repulse: and punished.You, soldiers, have never argued but from your courage, and never counted your fears.No longer your leader, I will victories.To one and all, I offer assurance of my friendship, and bid an affectionate farewell, [Signed], Gun.J.E.Jomxsrox, Oarno, July 23.\u2014A cavalry officer who accompanied Gen.Smith's expedition, gives the following particulaze :\u2014 Our forces consisted of a division each of infantry and cavalry, together with & bri.ade of colored trosps.Gen.8mith out-menœuvred Forrest all through, end wbi ped him five times, with s battle at Yopalacie on the 13th, which was & severs one, the enemy being terribly punished by our cavalry and Legro troops, who bore the brant of the engagement, The same night the rebels assaulted our temporary woike and were repulsed.Oa the 10th another battle occurred, Forrest making three charges on our line, but was driven each Ume with great slaugbter.On the night of the 15th th last day's rations were distributed, and the next morning the expedition started on ita return followed by Buford's cavalry who retreated, however, with severe loes after going a iw.ies Prom the bight of the 15th to the niyis of the 19th, or until our supplies were met at Se- lem, the troops were obliged to line off the country.On the 20th, the expedition resched LaGrange, with a loss, all told, of less than 500 men.Notas OF WAggon was lost during the expedition.The expedition returned letely on account of the exhaustion of supplies, We brought in 2,000 prisoners.The rebel dead were buried by our troops on several occasions.Barrimonn, July 34.\u2014A private despatch received by a relative of General MoPberson In this city lsst night, dated near Aclaots, 38rd, sonounoes that that galisot officer was killed in battle the day previous, and thst bis remains would be sent home in charge of members of bis staff, Ali the batteries of 4%); still watob your career, and will rejoice in your = BIRTER.As No.44 38.Urbain Btreot, on Lhe S4ih instant, Mrs.Auger Com, of # daagh 3 On the 29tb ul, at Dollar, Stirliogshire, Scotland, Mrs Anomaaip SWaë, of Whig city, of à davghter.Ou tbe Z1s6 iestant, at No.1 Burneide Terrace, Mrs.Hssat W.Arwarun, of à daughter, At Chatham, © E, 08 the 10th instant, Mre.AwvEsw MoCoxuELL, Of 8 #00, MARRIED, 1n this city, on the 14th inst , by the Rev.Dr.Taylor, at the residence of tbe bride\u2019s motber, Mr.Gnoxos Niauz.mass to Mas Mamas, only daughier of the Late AnDREY Srapsou, of this Cièy, In this city, on (be Zéet instant, by Lhe Rev.Mr.Bond, Francs Cooren, to Miss Arcs Vioronu Wille, late of England.this city, on the Mist inst, by the Rev.Alex.F, Kemp, M.à, Jour Rourrreos, Ksg., of Vanklesk Hill, CW ann M Ciarza, daogbler of the Rev.D.Clarke.of Lochiel, C W.On the 18th inst, 86 tbe Church of the Boly Trinity, Toronto, by the Bey.@.T Carruibers, Ma Tusocous N.Wizson, of Monsreal.to Many, eldest daughies of Jan Mrmms, Kaq., of Toronto, Mo cards.DIED, On Fonday morning, the 24Lh tast., Mra.Maxy Casorom Van Bammin, sged years, relics of ibe lsie Davo Ent msn, formerly Editor of the Montreal Herald.In this city, oo the 22rd inst., Crass Kuzisem Minis, ouly éaugbter of W.Caiurrow, aged 13 months and 14 9.On Lhe 3st lost, Mavma Wazp, aged 19 years, non of @.Wanp, Esg.In this city, July 33rd, WiLL1ax WrLisow Caaruiv, infant 00a of the late WiLLLAM Craruix, sged 1 year and 6 months.In (bia city, on the 22nd lost., F.A, MoArtEUR.of Bt.Andrews, C.On ibe Suk Inst in Liverpool, Inammis Barucars, retict of the late Mr.Fpwaxp Wher.si tho Grave, at Mount Royal Cemetery, ou Baturdsy afternoon, at 4 o'clock.ADVERTISEMENTS.OB BALE, a beautiful FARM situated in the Vilage of 8.Jerome, coutainirg 400 acres of Land, all in one Block.with a good Dwelling BUUSE, BARNS and OUT-OFFILES, all in good repair, ereclod thereon.170 Acres arc fit for the Plough, and the remainder are under good Buab.The Farm abounds wih running water, sod besides, great water powet Lo erect Mills thereon.All will be sold on reasonable terms.Yor further particulars apply to ROBT.CAMPBELL, Eq, Carpet Warehouse ; or, Lo the proprietor on the premised.St.Jerome, 2let Juiy, 1864.LAT UNTINGDON ACADEMY.\u2014This Institution will RE-QPEN on MONDAY, AUGUST at, 1864.It presents muperior inducements to those desirous of obtainiog 8 woupd English, Commercial, or Classical Education.Pupils preparcd for Teaching, for entering the Universitica : or, for Ailing situations in Commercial Hocses.Recommen \u2018ations can be obtained froto Icading business men in Montreal.Board in private familles at.very modèrate rates.Fans : English, \u201868 cents per month, Classics, French, Higher Mathematics, vod Music (Plan: forte) extra.JUAN J AREN, A., Huntingdon, Juiy 19, 1584.Prineipal.INDSOR NURSERIES for SALE WINDSOR, C.E., (Opposite Detroit.) The Sobacriber being Cesirous of discontibuing tbe Nursery Business, will sell the whole of his celebrated Nursery Stock In one lot on most ilberal terms.It principally of Dwarf snd Peary, Dwarf and Standard Apples, Bores, Vines and Ornamental \u2018Trees and Sbrabs.Parties buying will be altowed til] Ist of June, 1865, lo remove the Block, or a Lease of the Premises for 6 yeurs will be given if required at a reasonable rate.The Stock will be sold very low for cash, or if time ia given undoubled security will be required for the payments.This Ni Is situated in an excellent position for doing a large business, either with the United States or Canade, and the voil is well adapted for the growth of Dwarf Pears, , Evergreens, &o.Any competent person devoling his whole time to it could not to Parties wishing to purchase should examine the Blosk, or write to the Bubscriber for particulars.JAMES DOUGALL Windsor, C.W., 16th June, 1864.F'RST FALL TRADE SALE or DOMESTIC AND IMPORTED DRY \u20ac00DS.Ox MONDAY, ls¢ AUGUST, Will be soté, on Manufacturers\u2019 Account, st the Blores of the undersigaed, by Catalogue, a fine assortment of FALL GOuD4 just arrivipg, comprising :\u2014 KTOFFS, SATIFETS, TWEEDS Canadian.Ditto Scotch and Foglish, BROAD CLOTHS, DORFKINS, BATARAS, PILOTS, BRA TNION CLOTHS, FANCY SHIRTING JLANNELS, CANADIAN FLANNEL, WATERPROOF TW| MELTONS, LUSTRIS, DRUGGET CARPETINGS, LINSEYS.HATS and CAPS, BAGG \u2018 and BAGGING, WADDING, Black and White, BATTING and other goods.Catalogues will be ready, go that the Goods may be examined on Friday, 20th acd Batorday, 30ib Ju'y, apd before the bour of Salo oo Monday, 1st\u2019 August, as the Bale will be conducted in the Now Tork manner.CREDIZ LIBERAE.Bale at TWO o'clock precisely.JOHN DOUGALL.FRENCH CANADIAN MISSIONARY SOCIKTY.\u2014Miniaters.and Friends geoerally, are respectfully solicited Lo give dua notice of the follow.lag appointments in their rewpoctive localities, and other.wise aid the Agent in his eforta to awaken interest, and raise funds :\u2014 fat & Mon.« 28,8 Toes.& Thor, \u201c20, 2% Fri kan.30,8 onday August 1 Tursday ue a JAMES T.BYRNE, General Agent.rt PoMESTIO MANUFAOTURES.\u2014 The undersigned continnes to oier his services to manuñactorere for tbe sale of (beir goods, wbich his arrangements will egable him to oct promptly and sat- fectorily.Drafts three months for about three-fourths of el value of cons\u2018gnment, will be accepted in advance.A supply of warpe, good factories in the States, coostantly on band.For sale, consiguments from varions factories of Tweeds, Ftoifes and Satineites ; also, from Manulacturers in England.of Black, Blue and Browp Ladies\u2019 Cloths, Mixed Melton Cloak ings aad fancy Coatings.Orders for Dry Goods, accompanied by Cash or satis factory reference, will receive prompt attention, JOHN DOUG.Conumson MERaEANY, 212 Mt, Paui Street.PouBLE FILLING 8 PLY CARPETS \u20144 new article, next to best Brussels for wear, and fully equal tn siyle, The ral ever offered in this market.JAS.BAYLIS, 74 Groat Bt.James Street.NEW PATTERNS BRUSSELS.A few choice Patterns never before exbiblled.JAMES BAYLIS, 4 Groat 81, James Brest.WINDOW SHADBS ew and beautiful sires, aa and detign made to order.8, 14 Great 84.All tbe above deserve tnbpection Fam bow._\u2014 (COUNTRY MERCHANTS visi Montreal will fnd st the WiTNESS BOOR-ETUI 380d assortiment of STATIONERY, and tbe NATIONAL 0OL BUOKS at Publishers\u2019 Prices.The STATIONERY Will be sold cheap for cash.WITNESS BOOK STORE, SAT Notre Dame Street.ea.(Goo ENVELOPES for 90 cents per 1000, Bampis sent by Mail on applicative.LE 5 WIINESE BOOK STORE, MY Notre Dame 58.July 18th.in Boston, Fuitarere Axcis Wansæn, Wife Cow, of Mr.Geonar Wurm, Inte of Montreal.Fanera) service Linings.Jovy 27, (864.\u2014 CANADA AND EUROPRAN NX- PRESS.\u2014The British and American Co.bave an Office in Tower Basidinge, 23 Water Btreci, Diver 1, for tbe Forwarding of Parcels, Freight and Valuables of every description, by the Montreal Ocean Steamship Company's Steamers.(Consignments solioited.Orders promptly attended Lo , AGENTE: poo), A.Blackwood, Je., Tower Buildings Londoi, HU! Son & Miadown, 35 MIX Boot) Corrs: ++\" G.W.Wheaily & C0., 150 Leadenbail EC Manchester, Globe Kxpreas Co., Market Street., al de do Miller Btreet.Doblin, do de Edes Quay.Kdinburgh, Wm.Crouch, North Brid, Sra.Booted, T.Irish, Place d'Armess Toronto, i.H.Irish, Toronto Breet, Bamilton, J.D.Irwin, 1 West King Street, Quebec, W.C.Boots, Bt.Peter Street.Eingsics, J.© Clarke, King Sires.ETE Mle o re savez Open ACKAGES del Lo an; liway Com) United Kingdom, wddremed Grech A co PANY, r verpool, prom] warded.Pre payment optiesal,\u2019 © wy me rw J.W.HOWIB, Manager.OR EATHER COMMISSION BUS] NES.\u2014The undersigned continues Lo receive oom siguments of Leather of various kinds, manufactured la Canade\u2014upon which be makes advances by acceptance for about three-fourths of the valuo\u2014and he offers Lbene consignments for sale aa under :\u2014 Spanish Leather, Slaughter Leather, Moccasin Leatber, Haruces Leather, Waxed Upper Leatber, Grained Op Leather Grainec Calfekin Leather, Waxed Calaiin Leaibér, Kiya (whole), Kipaides, Spin, rg and small, Foametied tent Cow, Paiect Calf, Lacing Leather, Sbospakin =\u2014ALED Frevch Calfuk ins, Shoo Pegs, Beef Boots, Moose, Moccasins, Pure Cod Oil In barrels.The atievtion of Leather Dealers, Country Merchants, and Ehoemakers is invited to this Circular.All ordera carefully executed, ow JOHN DOUGALL, Commission Merchant.\u2014_\u2014 JUEORTANRT TO MANUFACTURERS -Ssle of VALUABLE MILL PROPERTY, comprising : GRIST MILL, 8AW MILL CARDING MILL, DWELLING BLUSE and OUT-BCILUING, with six Acres of LAND, &c.Also, two BRICK BOUSES in the Town of Iberville, with four BUILDING LOTS, &c.The Sub scribers Lave received instroctirns to sell, without reserve, at our Store, Bt.Francois Xavier Btreet, On WEDNESDAY, the 3rd of ATGUBT, That vaiuuble Mill Property situated ai ithe base of Mount .6 miles East of St.Johns, and 3 miles from tbe Dapot of the Chambly, Stanstead and Granby R R., comprising Grist Mill, witb four run of Stones, Pmut Mill, Carding Mgchine, with Picker, Fhears, Press, &c.\u2018be Mill je bullt of Sioos, and is propelled by à 66 Horse-Power Engine.Attached in a Sew Mil) with a 5 feet Circular Faw propelled by a 20 Horse Power Engine.The Mill, Mschinery, Engines, Boilers, &c , are in fine working order, having been rus up to the 1st of May, A large two mory Dwelling, *heds, stables, Bongors, &o., and 0 acres of Lid ander a fine state of cultivation, Io case the above Property should ot be scid tn one lot, it will be sold in detail.The team Kngives, Machwery, Baildinge and Land will be wold scparately.\"Also, at the same time will be sold two Brick Cottages situated in the centre of the Town of Iberville, opposite 8.Jobns, in lots 101 feet front by 144 deep, with tables, Loach.Houses.Fheds, audn never-failcg Well of water ; also, séjoining four Villsge Lots.The Property is all commuted, and Title perfect.Terms made known a the time of Bale.Enle at TWELVE o'clock.£HAW & BROTHER, Acctlonsers.SUITES IMPROVED AGRICUL- \u2018TURAL IMPLEMENTS.UNIVERSAL MOWER, COMBINED MOWERS AND RKAPERS, ONE and TWO HORSE 1HRESHING MACHINES.The Subacriber begs to inform Asriculturiss and Par- mers, that be has now on band ko arsortme of the above celebrated Machines, which be offers for sale at the lowest possible prices, and on the most favorable tevms of payment.These Machines have tho isicst improvemsmis, ad are so constructed as 1o give greater ease in Cranght, wud do more work than hitherto acoompiwhed by amy ober Machine.They are of the best material and work- mapabip, are simple in management, end ¢ xiremely light and durable.They are recommended to parties in want of Machines with foi confidence of their giving every 1am also manufacturing a Universal Mowing Machme which will cut wet grass as well as dry ; is of very ght draught ; and I will warrant it as a Mower to be alioget] saporior in every res, to anything made in Canada.ese Machines Three First Prines at tbe last Pre- vincial Fxhibition held in Montreal.Threshing Machives, Straw Cutters, Cultivators, end Wood Sawing Machines of al descriptions constantly ca nnd.The above Machines are ali warranted to bs the very bost maoufacture in Canads.Farmers.before buying eMewhere, are invited to ox- umioe these Machines.Ordera seut by mail promptly stiended to.JOBN SNITE, sex Bt.Gabriel Locke, Montreal, PERRY DAVIS\u2019 VEGETABLE PAIN KILLER.THE GREAT FAMILY MEDICINE OF 1HE AGR.There ta probably Ro family Medicine so favorably, sad to widely known as DAVIS PAIN KILLER.For (he past twenty years it bas bern extepsively used by Missionaries in India, Chine, Turkey, indes d, In nearly all ide Missionery Slations, Dot only to counteract the climate infuences on the families of Missionaries, but for the cure of Cholera avd Fevers prevalent in the Bast.Iii used Internalty for all diseases of bowels, and externally for wounds, burps, bruises, &c.Bold every where in the Canades.swhkw BUBINKE3 CARDS.SEWING MAOHINES, MADE IN MONTREAL $2 ad 9.W, WILLIAMS 4 (0.Better Machines for Fami id neuer Me Ay wie, and Drese- making bave More than 00 bundred Families and Dressmakers in Khis ciy, have our Machines In dat entre éatiefacton, 7 dae, 1ad (Lay give free of charge.Ormes asp Sarne-noom, 29 Great 8t James Street.8ilk, Thread, Needles, and the best Machine Oil for sales.Tamlly Sewn, Lous to unter, gents wan! paris Canads.Descriptive Circulars beat by mall free.C.W, WILLIAMS & CO.Omnion ao Baua8-noou, 29 Great 85.James Breet.R, ADAMS, ® DRY GOODS 4 COMMISSION MERGHANI, No.285 Sm 967 Br, Pats Sram, Mowrsaal, Sollcile Consignments of Capada Manufactures and Pro.duos, ov which be will make advances of Cash whes required, and will give prompt and careful silesiion te «nd remiltances.[A 2%4] DR.A.J.BAZIN, SURGEON DENTIBT, 8 GREAT Br.JANES BYREAT, MOSTRBAL.T B R M 8.\u201cDar Wyma\"! §3 par asoum, or $4 deltversd in a rah Wins\u201d (Semi-weekly), J por saan = enol \u201c Wasmy Wome,\u201d resdy on Thwsday, 92.50 por rien aserted tn any of these 0 lions 83 ue Advertisemen rate of 7 cents por lins first insertion, and 336 CSAS 66 oh subsequent insertion.\u201cprimted and pebimhed Srwiors, 08 bis Hors + da wg rr) eee ~ = ne."]